- Injini yokukhangela yemfundo yasimahla esebenzisa IA ukubeka phambili impembelelo kunye nomxholo.
- Imilinganiselo yokucaphula eneenkcukacha zomgangatho: impembelelo kunye necandelo apho icatshulwe khona.
- Isishwankathelo esinesivakalisi esinye kunye nokutsalwa kwequmrhu kuvavanyo lokufaneleka olukhawulezayo.
Xa umthamo weempapasho zenzululwazi ukhula rhoqo, ukufumana inqaku eliphambili kunokuba yi-odyssey. Kulapho iSemantic Scholar ingena khona, injini yokukhangela yasimahla esebenzayo ingqiqo ukufumanisa nokuqonda uphando ngokukhawuleza kunye nengxolo yamaxwebhu encinci kuneenjini zemveli.
Ngaphaya koluhlu olulula lweziphumo, le nkonzo ibandakanya ulwazi olusemgangathweni olufana nenani leekowuti, umxholo wezo catshulwa, kunye nesishwankathelo esinesivakalisi esinye. Ngenxa yokufunda koomatshini, ukusetyenzwa kolwimi lwendalo, kunye nobuchule bombono wekhompyuter, iyakwazi ukufumana unxibelelwano olunentsingiselo phakathi kwemisebenzi, ababhali, kunye nezihlokoukwenza uncwadi lokukhangela iincwadi lusebenze ngakumbi.
Yintoni iSemantic Scholar kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?
Umphengululi weSemantic sisixhobo sophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nokufumanisa, umzekelo phakathi kwe iintlobo zeenjini zokukhangela ekhethekileyo, inikwe amandla yi-Allen Institute ye-AI (AI2). Injongo yalo kukukhawulezisa ukuqhubela phambili kolwazi ngokunceda abaphandi, ootitshala, kunye nabafundi bafumane kwaye baqonde umsebenzi ofanelekileyo. Yeyazimahla; ungayisebenzisa ngokubhalisa nge-akhawunti. Uphando okanye kwiziko, kwaye ngo-2020 yagqitha izigidi ezisixhenxe abasebenzisi ngenyanga, uphawu lomdla owuvusayo ekuhlaleni.
Iqonga lisebenza njengebhulorho phakathi kwakho kunye nolwazi olufanelekileyo ngokwenene: ikuvumela ukuba ucofe ngobubhali, ukufikelela kuyo PDF, indawo yolwazi okanye uhlobo lopapasho, kwaye icebisa ufundo oluyeleleneyo olusekwe kwizinto onomdla kuzo. Konke oku ngenjongo yokunciphisa ulwazi olugqithisileyo kunye beka phambili eyona misebenzi inefuthe kwisihloko ngasinyehayi nje eyona idla ngokucatshulwa ngendlela ekrwada.
Ukufezekisa oku, inyusa indibaniselwano yokufunda koomatshini, i-NLP, kunye nombono wekhompyuter. Ngobu buchule, ivelisa isishwankathelo esinesivakalisi esinye sisebenzisa indlela engabonakaliyo, kwaye ichonge amaqumrhu (umzekelo, iikhompawundi, izinto eziphilayo, okanye iikhonsepthi eziphambili) kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo ngaphakathi kwamanqaku. Ngamanye amagama, yongeza umaleko we-semantic ovumela ukuba yenze bamba intsingiselo yomxholo hayi amagama kuphela.
Irekhodi nganye kwisiseko sedatha yabo inesichongi esisodwa esibizwa ngokuba yi-S2CID (I-ID yeSemantic Scholar Corpus). Esi sichongi siququzelela ireferensi, ukulandelwa kwenguqulelo, kunye nokudibanisa kwezinye izisele zedatha. Ke, xa ufumana umsebenzi othile, unethegi engaqondakaliyo yokuwucaphula okanye ukuyifumana, enceda Kuphephe ukungaqondakali phakathi kwamanqaku anezihloko ezifanayo.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Google Scholar okanye i-PubMed, umahluko kwindlela osebenza ngayo ucacile: ukongeza ekubaleni ukucaphula kunye nokuhlalutya i-co-occurrences, i-Semantic Scholar igxininisa imiba ebaluleke kakhulu kwindawo nganye kwaye idweba ubudlelwane phakathi kopapasho usebenzisa i-algorithms eqwalasela umxholo. Ngale ndlela, inikeza iziphumo ukuba Babeka phambili ukubaluleka kunye nempembelelo yokwenyani. kwincoko yenzululwazi.
Isebenza njani: imiqondiso, iikowuti, kunye nezikhombisi zomgangatho
Xa usenza uphando kwaye uvule irekhodi, uya kubona ukuba inani leengcaphulo lidla ngokuboniswa ngokucacileyo. Uphawu oluluncedo kukuba ukuhambisa imawusi yakho ngaphezulu kweli nani kutyhila imeko yokucaphula yonyaka kwigrafu. Esi senzo sikhawulezileyo sibonisa imbali yenqaku ekuhambeni kwexesha, ikuvumela ukuba... ukubona iincopho zomdla okanye amaxesha uzinzo.
Ukuba uhambisa ikhesa yakho phezu kwemivalo kwigrafu, amaxabiso onyaka ngamnye ayavela. Oku kunceda ekuphenduleni imibuzo efana nale: Ngaba isacatshulwa? Ngaba ibe nempembelelo enkulu ekuqaleni yaza yehla, okanye igcina inzala ezinzileyo? Inyaniso yokuba umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ukucatshulwa namhlanje sisalathisi esilungileyo sokufaneleka kwawo kwaye sinokuphikiswa kwingxelo yovavanyo njenge ubungqina bokuba iminikelo yabo iyaqhubeka ukuba luncedo.
Ukucofa kwisihloko senqaku kukunika ukufikelela kulwazi oluthe kratya: isishwankathelo, amakhonkco akhoyo (umzekelo, kwiinguqulelo zePDF okanye umshicileli), amanqaku akhankanyiweyo, kunye namanqaku anxulumeneyo. Eli qela lolawulo lisebenza njengesiseko sokufunda ngakumbi kwaye, ngocofa nje okubini, ukwakha ikhonkco eliqinileyo lezalathiso, zonke ngaphakathi kojongano oluyilelwe ukusetyenziswa lula. nciphisa ixesha khangela kwaye wandise ukufaneleka.
Kwikona ephezulu ngasekunene, ibhloko enedatha yokucaphula etyebileyo ihlala ibonakala. Phakathi kwezi, izicatshulwa ezinempembelelo kakhulu zibalasele-oko kukuthi, ukucaphula imisebenzi apho inqaku libe nempembelelo ebalulekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ibonisa apho inqaku licatshulwe khona kumaxwebhu okucaphula (umzekelo, amacandelo afana neMvelaphi okanye Iindlela), isikhokelo esiluncedo kakhulu sokuqonda ukuba inqaku lisetyenziswa njengomthombo. isakhelo sethiyori, indlela yokusebenza okanye umphumo obalulekileyo.
Le miqondiso yomgangatho igqibezela inani elipheleleyo lokucaphula kunye nomxholo. Ukwazi ukuba isifundo sikhankanywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwicandelo leendlela akufani nokucatshulwa kwicandelo elingasemva kuphela. Ngoko ke, xa uchaza umgangatho wegalelo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhankanye zombini ubungakanani kunye nomxholo wezi catshulwa, ukudibanisa le datha kwi Ingxelo ecacileyo yempembelelo kunye nokufaneleka.
Ukubekwa phambili kweziphumo kuxhomekeke kwiimodeli eziqonda umxholo kwinqanaba lesemantic. Ababali nje amagama, kodwa bavavanya ubudlelwane phakathi kweengqikelelo, bachonge iziko, kwaye baqaphele amanani. Ngale ndlela, unxibelelwano luvela phakathi kwemigca yophando, ababhali, kunye neejenali, okuvumela ukufunyanwa kwezinye iindlela zokufunda kunye amanqaku ebhulorho phakathi kwemihlaba engaphantsi.
I-Corpus coverage kunye nokuzivelela kweprojekthi
I-Semantic Scholar yasungulwa ngo-2015 ukusuka kwi-Allen Institute ye-AI, ngokugxila kokuqala kwisayensi yekhompyutha. Ukusukela ngoko, ukhuselo lwayo luye lwaqhubeka lukhula kwaye lwahluka, lwaba sisixhobo sokuya kwabo bafuna iindawo ezikhawulezayo nezinokuqonda zoncwadi oluphambili, ngomzamo oqhubekayo ukwandisa imimandla kunye nokuphucula amava omsebenzisi.
Ngo-2017, iqela libhengeze ukwanda okukhulu kwi-biomedicine, longeza malunga ne-26 yezigidi ze-biomedical imisebenzi kwi-12 yezigidi esele ikhutshiwe kwezinye iindawo. Olu guqulelo luphuculweyo lubandakanya ujongano olukhazimlisiwe ngakumbi, ukuhlelwa ngokwemixholo, kunye nokubhaqwa kwezihloko ezinxulumeneyo okanye ezihamba phambili. Inkokeli yeprojekthi ngelo xesha, uMarie Hagman, wagxininisa ukuba injongo yayikukuququzelela ukuhamba ngenqanawa ngesihloko nangesihloko. ukufumanisa imida esakhulayo kuphando.
NgoJanuwari 2018, ikhoposi idlule kwizigidi ezingama-40 zamanqaku kwisayensi yekhompyuter kunye ne-biomedicine. Kungekudala emva koko, ngo-Matshi waloo nyaka, u-Doug Raymond-ojongene namanyathelo okufunda ngomatshini kwi-platform ye-Alexa-ujoyine ukukhokela le projekthi. Oku kunyuswa kombutho komeleza ugxininiso ekusetyenzisweni kwe-AI ukuze ukuphucula ukufaneleka kunye nokwandiswa kwenkqubo.
Ukukhula kukhule ngokukhawuleza ngo-2019 ngokongezwa kweerekhodi ezivela kwiMicrosoft Academic. Ngo-Agasti waloo nyaka, inani lamanqaku ladlula kwi-173 yezigidi, umtsi othe waqina isikhundla soMfundi weSemantic njengenye yezixhobo ezikhokelayo ze-intanethi ebaleni. oovimba beenkcukacha abakhulu abanophawu olungcono lwesemantic iyafumaneka kuluntu lwenzululwazi.
Ngokunxuseneyo, iqonga kuye kwafuneka lijonge umngeni wokukhula ngokuqhamayo koncwadi: amanqaku angaphezu kwezigidi ezithathu apapashwa minyaka le kumashumi amawaka ejenali. Lo mqulu wenza ukugcina kube nzima, yiyo loo nto injongo yokubeka phambili kunye nokudibanisa iziqwenga eziphambili kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba igcina ixesha kwaye inciphisa ingxolo kuphononongo loncwadi.
Izixhobo zokukhangela eziluncedo kunye nezihluzo
Ukucokisa iziphumo, izihluzi zibalulekile. Unganciphisa ngokubhala ngokubambisana, ukufumaneka kwePDF, uqeqesho, uhlobo lopapasho, okanye umhla, phakathi kwezinye iindlela. Ukuzisebenzisa ngokudibeneyo kukuvumela ukuba wakhe imibuzo echanekileyo, umzekelo: amanqaku avulekileyo okufikelela, ngaphakathi kwinqanaba elithile lonyaka, kwaye ligunyaziswe liqela elithile. Le ndibaniselwano yezihluzi, xa isetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, i Isixhobo esinamandla sokufumana into oyifunayo ngokwenene.
Iqonga likwacebisa ababhali abanxulumeneyo kunye namanqaku asekelwe kwimbali yakho yokukhangela. Ezi ngcebiso ayiloluhlu oluqhelekileyo: lusekwe kwiipateni zesemantic kunye nothungelwano lokucaphula, ngoko ke bakholisa ukutyhila imisonto ongakhange uyithathele ingqalelo. Enyanisweni, ezi ngcebiso zikuvumela ukuba ulandele indlela yokufunda eneziqhamo kakhulu kwaye ukwandisa umda wophononongo olucwangcisiweyo.
Elinye lamandla oMfundi weSemantic yindlela ayibona ngayo inethiwekhi yokucaphula kunye namaxwebhu adibanisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Unokwazi ukuchonga iindawo ezinempembelelo enkulu, ufumane izikolo zokucinga, kwaye, ngokuziqhelanisa, uchonge iziqwenga ezisebenza njengehenjisi phakathi kweecorpora ezahlukeneyo. Oku kwenza kube lula ukufumana ulwazi olufanelekileyo. amaphepha amadala kunye neendlela zophando ezinqamlezileyo.
Ngaba unomdla kwinqaku elingenayo iPDF efikelelekayo eqongeni? Ungakhathazeki: ungayikhangela kwiwebhusayithi yompapashi, kwiindawo zokugcina iziko, okanye, ukuba usebenza nethala leencwadi laseyunivesithi, cela isikhokelo kubasebenzi bezalathiso malunga nokufumana isicatshulwa esipheleleyo. Ukudibanisa uMfundi weSemantic kunye nala matshaneli yindlela esebenzayo yoku vala iluphu kwaye ufikelele kumxholo.
Icebiso eliluncedo: Xa uphonononga isihloko esitsha, dibanisa ujongo lokuqala ngezihluzo ezibanzi emva koko ucokise ngeemeko ezinemiqathango engaphezulu (umzekelo, amanqaku endlela kuphela okanye uphononongo). Le ndlela yokuphindaphinda, kunye nemiqondiso yempembelelo kunye nokulandela umkhondo wokucaphula, kukunceda ukuba wakhe i-bibliography esemgangathweni kunye Ubunzulu bokulinganisela kunye nogubungela.
Umahluko kunye noMfundi kaGoogle kunye nePubMed
Isifundiswa sikaGoogle kunye nePubMed ziintsika zenkqubo yendalo, kodwa ingqiqo yabo ngokwembali yayixhomekeke ekubaleni ucaphulo, itekisi yokwenyani, kunye nokusebenzisana kwegama. Umphengululi weSemantic wazisa omnye umaleko: i-AI-powered contextual reading ezama ukuqonda intsingiselo yoxwebhu kunye noqhagamshelwano. Olu tshintsho luyakuvumela hlela kwakhona iziphumo eziya kweyona mpembelelo inamandla kwincoko nganyehayi kuphela kwizihloko ezicatshulwa rhoqo.
Olunye uncedo luphawu lomgangatho malunga nokusetyenziswa kwenqaku kwimisebenzi ekhankanyiweyo. Ukwazi ukuba umsebenzi ubandakanywe njengemvelaphi okanye njengendlela ibonelela ngee-nuances ezingaqhelekanga ukubanjwa ziinjini zokukhangela zendabuko. Idityaniswe nesishwankathelo esinesivakalisi esinye kunye nokutsalwa kwamaziko kunye namanani, oku kubonelela ngombono okhawulezayo wokuba ikhawulezisa uvavanyo lokuqala lokufaneleka.
Nangona kunjalo, eyona ndlela isebenzayo kukuzisebenzisa ngendlela ehambelanayo: Isifundiswa sikaGoogle ngokugubungela ngokubanzi ngokubanzi, iPubMed yophando lwebhayoloji ngolawulo lwesigama, kunye neSemantic Scholar ukubeka phambili impembelelo yokwenyani kunye nonxibelelwano lwesemantic. Ngokuzidibanisa, wongeza amathuba okuba ungaphuthelwa nantoni na ebalulekileyo kunye neyo ukuya kwizinto ezenza umahluko kuqala.
Iimeko zokusetyenziswa eziqhelekileyo
Ukuba uqala umgca omtsha wophando, ungasebenzisa isishwankathelo sesivakalisi esinye ukunambitha okukhawulezileyo kokuqala. Emva koko, usebenzisa i-cating metrics kunye neethegi zempembelelo, ucokisa ukhetho lwakho de ube ushiyeke neseti yamanqaku angundoqo. Olu hambo lunika umkhondo okhawulezayo ukuya ukusuka ku-zero ukuya kwimephu yengqondo yentsimi kwiiyure ezimbalwa.
Ukuhlala ngoku, igrafu yokucaphula ngonyaka inceda ukuchonga amaphepha aqhubeka ecatshulwa rhoqo. Ukuba iphepha ligcina igophe elizinzile (okanye nangaphezulu), luphawu lokuba lihlala lifanelekile kwaye lifanelwe yindawo kuluhlu lwakho lokufunda oluphambili. Olu fundo lusekelwe kwixesha luluncedo ukwahlula iifashoni ezidlulayo kwiminikelo ehlala ihleli.
Kwiprojekthi okanye ekubhaleni ingxelo, 'apho iithegi ezikhankanyiweyo' zixabiseke kakhulu: zithethelela ukuba indlela ethile imiselwe kakuhle ukuba inqaku lisoloko licatshulwa kumacandelo endlela yokusebenza, okanye ithiyori isekelwe kakuhle ukuba iyongamela ulwazi olungasemva. Ukucaphula kulo mxholo kunika ingxelo enyanzelisayo malunga amandla kunye nemali yobungqina.
Ekufundiseni, ezi mpawu zinceda ukwakha ufundo olukhokelwayo: unokugqamisa amanqaku akhankanywe njengeziseko zethiyori kunye nezinye ezisetyenziselwa ubuchule babo. Ngaphaya koko, ngokubonisa uqhakamshelwano phakathi kwemisebenzi, kulula ukuyila iindlela zokufunda ukucacisa ukuba umbono uvela njani na kwiindawo ezingaphantsi. Oku kwenza uMfundi weSemantic a isixhobo sokufundisa esiluncedo njengencwadana ngokwayo.
Umphengululi weSemantic udibanisa imiqondiso yobungakanani kunye nomgangatho, kutsalwa intsingiselo nge-AI, kunye nolwakhiwo lokukhangela uncwadi olujikeleze impembelelo kunye nomxholo. Xa ufuna ukubeka phambili ixesha, uqonde impembelelo yokwenyani, kwaye wakhe i-bibliography ecingisiswe kakuhle, eli qonga liba ngumhlobo oxabisekileyo. Inciphisa ingxolo kwaye igxile kwizinto ezibalulekileyo..
Umbhali onomdla malunga nehlabathi le-bytes kunye netekhnoloji ngokubanzi. Ndiyakuthanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwam ngokubhala, kwaye yile nto ndiza kuyenza kule bhlog, ndikubonise zonke izinto ezinomdla malunga nezixhobo, isoftware, ihardware, iindlela zetekhnoloji, kunye nokunye. Injongo yam kukukunceda uhambe kwihlabathi ledijithali ngendlela elula neyonwabisayo.