TEMU mutero: chii chiri kuchinja muEU uye kuti zvichakubata sei iwe

European Union yafunga kumisa kusarudzika kwechinyakare: kusunungurwa pamitero yetsika pamapakeji anosvika kubva kunze kwebloc ane kukosha kwepasi pe150 €. Kubva zvino zvichienda mberi, nekuita zvizere muna 2028 uye hutongi hweshanduko hwakarongwa kutanga muna 2026, kutakura kwakaderera-kukosha kubva kunyika dzechitatu kuchava pasi pemitero kubva kune yekutanga euro. Shanduko iyi ine chinangwa chekumisa mafungu ezvidiki-imports zvakabatana nekukwira kwemapuratifomu seTemu, Shein, uye AliExpress uye kumisa imwe nhanho yekutamba yemakambani eEurope, ayo kusvika zvino anga ari munjodzi yakajeka. Mukuita, Iyo € 150 chikumbaridzo inonyangarika uye nayo mutswe wakanga wava sefa yehutsotsi uye makwikwi asina kunaka.

Chiyero chechiitiko chacho chikuru. Mumakore maviri apfuura, kukosha kwekutakura pasi pe € 150 kusvika muEU kwakakwira, uye ruzhinji runobva kuChina. Huwandu hwakasiyana-siyana hwepamutemo hunoratidza kuti 91% yemapakeji aya anobva munyika yeAsia, nepo dzimwe fungidziro dzichiratidza kusvika mamirioni gumi nemaviri mapakeji pazuva uye huwandu hwepagore mumabhiriyoni (angave akayerwa mumaeuro kana muhuwandu hwezvinotumirwa, zvichienderana nekwakabva). Uyezve, mari yakatarwa yekubata ye € 2 pasuru iri kutariswa kubhadhara mari yekutonga, yekuwedzera iyo, pamwe chete nemabasa ekunze, ichawedzera mutengo wechikamu che "low cost" catalog iyo inosvika mumabhokisi etsamba eEurope.

Chii chaizvo chinochinja

Kiyi yekuvandudza ndeyekubviswa kwemitero yekuregererwa kwemitengo yakaderera kubva kunze kwenyika, iripo kubva muna 1983 uye yakagadzirirwa kurerutsa maitiro munguva yepre-e-commerce. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinhu zvese zvinopinda muEU kubva kunyika dzechitatu — zvisinei nekukosha — zvichave pasi pemitero yemitero. Mukuita, Tariffs ichashandiswa kubva kune yekutanga euro yekukosha kwakaziviswa kwechigadzirwa, ingave € 3 nharembozha kesi kana €25 mahedhifoni.

Shanduko iyi haina kunangana nemutambi mumwechete, asi hapana anokahadzika kuti pfuti yakanangana nehofori dzeChinese dzekutengesa online. Temu naShein Vakamisa chikamu chekukwikwidza kwavo pamusanganiswa wemitengo yakaderera kwazvo yefekitori uye hurongwa hwekutakura hwekutakura kwega kune mutengi izvo, nekuda kwemutemo we de minimis, kunzvenga kubhadhara mitero yetsika. Nekuvandudzwa, Iyo modhi inorasikirwa nemukana wayo. uye tsika dzinowana simba rekutonga muganhu.

Mazuva uye shanduko: 2026 vs. 2028

Mugwagwa wepakutanga unoisa kuisirwa kweiyo hombe shanduko yetsika muna 2028, apo yakajairwa EU customs data centre yakarongerwa kutanga kushanda. Iyi sisitimu inobvumira kune chaiyo-nguva yekutsinhana kweruzivo uye otomatiki chikamu chekuverenga kwemitero yetsika pachinhu chimwe nechimwe. Nekudaro, iyo Economic and Financial Affairs Council (Ecofin) yakatsigira kumhanyisa nguva nehutongi hwekuchinja kuti utange kuunganidza mutero kutanga kwa2026. Kururamisa kuri nyore: kukurumidza kwedambudziko Izvo hazvibvumiri kumirira kusvika iyo yese tekinoroji zvigadzirwa zvagadzirira.

Muchikamu chino chenguva pfupi, Nhengo dzeNyika dzichashandisa mhinduro dzinoshanda: maitiro akarerutswa, pre-declaration zvirongwa zvinotungamirwa ne e-commerce mapuratifomu, uye inokwanisika firati yekugadzirisa. Zvese izvi zvine chinangwa chekudzivirira iyo system kubva pakudonha pasi pehuremu hwemamiriyoni emazuva ese micro-imports. Kuzvipira kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakajeka uye kwakagamuchira kutsigirwa neKomisheni nehurumende dzakakosha. kupinda 2026 kuunganidza royalties mukutakura kwakaderera uye kupedzisa shanduko muna 2028 nenzvimbo yedata inoshanda zvizere.

Sei chirongwa che de minimis chiri kupera?

Kuregererwa kwakange kwamira kuita chinangwa chayo chepakutanga. Munharaunda ine mapuratifomu anokwanisa kutengesa zvakananga kubva kumafekitori eAsia kuenda kune vatengi vekuEurope, iyo yekurudziro yekukamura maodha mumapaketi madiki akawanda kana kuzivisa hunhu hwakaderera hwakakwira. Muchokwadi, Brussels inofungidzira kuti ingangoita 65% yezvidiki zvinotumirwa hazvina kukosha kuitira kunzvenga mitero. Hunhu uhwu hunobvisa mari yemutero, hunotungidza kuwanda kwezvigadzirwa zvisingaite zvinoenderana nemirairo, uye, pamusoro pezvose, kusaenzana nemakwikwi kukuvadza makambani ari muEU.

Zviremera zvinoratidzirawo kuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa uye njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza. Kuwanda kwemamiriyoni emapasuru zuva nezuva kunokanganisa kutarisirwa kwetsika uye kunobvumira zvinhu zvemanyepo kana zvinhu zvisingaenderane nezvinodiwa neEurope kuti zvityore. Iyo zvakare inowanza iyo kabhoni tsoka ine chekuita nekutakura zvinhu zvemunhu, mutengo wakavanzika uyo EU mutemo unovavarira kugadzirisa. Muchidimbu, kubviswa kweiyo € 150 chikumbaridzo inoonekwa senzira ine mativi matatu: kurwisa hutsotsi, simbisa kuchengetedzeka uye kuenzanisa nhandare yemakwikwi.

Nhamba dzechiitiko, dzinoiswa muchirevo

Iyo data inotenderera mumishumo yenharaunda uye kutaurirana zviri pamutemo kunotsvaga dimension yezviri mungoziHeano zvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha zvinobatsira kutsanangura chikonzero nei paine kumhanya kwakadaro:

• Kukosha kwekutakura pasi pe € 150 kusvika muEU kwakawedzera mumakore maviri: kubva pa € ​​​​1.200 bhiriyoni muna 2022 kusvika ku € 4.600 bhiriyoni muna 2024, zvichienderana nenhamba dzakataurwa neKomisheni. Mharidzo iri pano yakajeka: kuputika kukura.
• Dzimwe fungidziro dzinoratidza mabhiriyoni mana nemazana matanhatu ekutakura pagore, zvakaenzana neanosvika mamirioni gumi nemaviri mapakeji pazuva. Mavara ese ari maviri (huwandu hunokosha kana nhamba yemapakeji) anoratidza chokwadi chimwechete: mavhoriyamu asingatarisike zvetsika.
• Around 91% yepasi-yakakosha mapakeji anobva kuChina; mamwe masosi anoisa mugove wemapasuru anotorwa kunze kwenyika echiChinese kubva ku90%, izvo zvinoratidza kutsamira kwechiedza chimwe chete.
• Chirevo chakatumirwa neEU chinofungidzira kuti € 1.500 bhiriyoni mumari iri kurasika gore rega nekuda kwemhando idzi dzekunze. Mutero uyu gap urikuchidzira kumhanyira shandura mitemo.
• Komisheni inofungidzira kuti inenge 65% yemapasuru maduku anosvika nemaune asingakosheswi, muitiro wekuti kuguma kwekupa de minimis kunoda kutarisana nemusoro. inogona kuyerwa pamuganhu.

Kukanganisa kune mutengi: mitengo, maitiro uye catalog

Kune vatengi, shanduko ichava nemhedzisiro inooneka. Kubva 2021, VAT yakaunganidzwa kwainobva kuburikidza neIOSS system pakutenga pamhepo kubva kune vasiri veEU vatengesi, asi ikozvino mabasa ekunze achawedzerwa, uye pamwe, muripo wekubata weE2 pasuru. Mhedzisiro: zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinoratidzika sezvisingakundiki mumutengo zvichawedzera kudhura, uye zvimwe zvitoro zvinogadzirisa zvipiriso zvavo. Zvine musoro kutarisira izvozvo zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzera mutengo kana kutora nguva yakati rebei kuti usvike nekuda kwezvinodzora zvitsva.

Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kuti mapuratifomu anozorongazve yavo Logistics kuti Batanidza zvinotumirwa mumatura mukati meEU uye nokudaro kuderedza nhamba yemapakiti ega ega anoyambuka muganhu, izvo zvinogona kuvandudza nguva dzekutumira kana shanduko yapera. Pakati pevashandisi, mazano akadai semaodha eboka ekukunda yekare € 150 chikumbaridzo ari kutendererawo, kunyangwe neiyo nyowani system iyo zano haina kukosha. Chero zvazvingava, hazvingashamisi kuona rudzi rwe "kutenga kweminiti yekupedzisira" pamberi bhutsu nguva yekushandura ya2026.

Kune rimwe divi, Komisheni inotaura kuti shanduko ichasimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwevatengi: ine data rakawanda pakutumira uye kuteedzera kukuru, zvichave zvakanyanya kuoma kune zvine njodzi kana zvisizvo zvigadzirwa kusvika kudzimba. Kutarisisa uku, kunoenderana neiyo iripo yedhijitari chimiro, inoturikira mukati kuchengetedzwa kukuru kune mutengikunyange kana zvichireva kubhadhara zvishoma.

Mhedzisiro pamapuratifomu uye vatengesi vanobva kunze kweEU

Iyo bhizinesi modhi yeChinese e-commerce hofori ichamanikidzwa kushanduka. Kubviswa kwekuregererwa hakuchape mubairo wekutakura-kuchipa kwemunhu mumwe nemumwe uye kunovasundira kuti vabatanidze stock mukati meEU kana kutora mutero nemabasa kubva kwaakabva. Tingangoona kushandiswa kukuru kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu dzeEurope, zvibvumirano nevafambisi vezvigadziriso, uye mafambiro ekuzivisa kufambisa kubvumidzwa kwetsika. Zvese izvi zvine chinangwa chekusimudzira kutengesa pasina kurasikirwa nekukwikwidza, kunyangwe kana imwe yeiyi mari yekuwedzera ichipfuudzwa kumutengo wekupedzisira. Mukutaura kwekushanda, Logistics ichave isina kupatsanurwa zvishoma.

Kune vadiki vasiri veEU vatengesi vanovimba nemisika mikuru yepasirese, iyo bar ichasimudzwawo. Chinodiwa che data rekutumira rakazara uye kugadziriswa kwemitero kunogona kumanikidza zvisungo zvitsva zvekutonga izvo, mukuita, zvinobvisa avo vasingaite manejimendi avo. Uku kugadziridzwa kweiyo ecosystem ndeimwe yeanonyanya kukurukurwa nezvemhedzisiro. chengetedza kupinda kumusika weEurope Zvinoda kutevedzera kwakasimba kune ese ari maviri tsika uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza zviyero.

Makwikwi: nzira yehupenyu yeindasitiri yeEurope

Pamberi pemakwikwi, chiyero chine chinangwa chekugadzirisa kusaenzana kwakajeka: Makambani eEurope anobhadhara mabasa kana achinge aunza yakawanda uye achitevedzera mirairo yeEU, nepo zviuru zvezvidiki, zvakananga-kune-vatengi zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvave kutenderedza mutero. Kubviswa kwemutero we de minimis kunogona kupa zororo rinotsvakwa nezvikamu zvakaita semachira, zvekuzora, uye matoyi, izvo zvakarohwa zvakanyanya nekuwanda kwezvakachipa zvakanyanya, uye kazhinji zvemhando inokahadzika, zvigadzirwa. Zvinoenderana nefungidziro yeKomisheni, kutyorwa kwezvivakwa zvehungwaru kunokonzera kurasikirwa kwakaenzana ne5% yekuchinja kwegore mumachira uye zvizorwa, uye kusvika 9% mumatoyi. MuSpain, mubatanidzwa weindasitiri yematoyi wakaratidza kuti chiteshi chepamhepo chinoderedza kutengesa ne11% mumwaka wepamusoro, chiitiko chakatsanangurwa ne... kureruka kwekutenga muganhu nekudzvanya kwebhatani.

Hurukuro yezvematongerwo enyika inofambirana neshanduko iyi haina kujeka: kuenzanisa nzvimbo yekutamba pakati peavo vanogadzira uye vanogovera kubva mukati meEU uye avo vanotengesa kubva kunze, vasina kutakura miripo yakafanana yekutonga. Vatungamiri vakati wandei veEU vakapokana kuti izvi ndezvekuvimbisa kukwikwidza kwakanaka uye kusimbisa kuisirwa kwemitemo, zvese izvi zvichipa kuchengetedzwa kukuru kwevatengi. Mharidzo yepasi ndeyekuti Europe haidi kuzvidzivirira.asiwo kusashivirira grey nzvimbo dzinokanganisa musika mumwe chete.

Customs huwandu uye itsva data centre

Kubudirira kweiyo shanduko kuchanyanya kuenderana nekugona chaiko kwetsika kubata mamirioni ekutakura zvinhu pasina nhandare dzendege uye nzvimbo dzekuronga dzinodonha. Iyo huru yekudyara tekinoroji inzvimbo yenguva yemberi yeEU tsika data, chikuva chakajairwa chekutsinhana ruzivo uye otomatiki kuverenga kwemabasa pachigadzirwa. Iyi "uropi" haizoshanda kusvika 2028, saka iyo nguva 2026-2028 ichave yekushushikana bvunzo: akarerutswa maitiro, flat rates, uye pre-declaration nemapuratifomu uye vanoshanda. Avo vanotadza kupa chaiyo data njodzi ... kunonoka uye mamwe mari.

Iyo gangaidzo ndeyokuti, pasina kukwana tekinoroji uye zviwanikwa zvevanhu, kubviswa kweiyo de minimis kutonga kunogona kuramba iri tsamba yakafa kana kutungamirira kunonoka kwakapararira. Naizvozvo, chirongwa chekuchinja chinosanganisira maturusi epragmatic anobvumira mitero kuunganidzwa pasina kuvhara sisitimu. Kubatana pakati peNhengo dzeNyika uye basa remapuratifomu makuru mukupa ruzivo kuchave kwakakosha. dzivisa mabhodhoro.

International dimension: girazi reUnited States

EU haisi kufamba nechikepe yoga. Mhiri kweAtlantic, United States yakatotora matanho mugwara rimwe chete nekurambidza inozivikanwa kwazvo de minimis exemption, iyo yakabvumira yakaderera-yakakosha mapakeji kupinda pasina mutero - mune yavo, ine chikumbaridzo che800 $. Mutemo wekutonga wakavhura musuwo wekusimbisa hutongi uhwu, uye kunyangwe paine kwaitevera nuances negadziriso, kukanganisa kwekutengeserana mumapaketi madiki kubva kuChina kwakakosha. Europe inodudzira chiitiko ichi sekusimbisa icho Kuvhara kunze kunokwanisikakunyangwe modhi nekarenda zvaro zvine zvazvazvo.

Mukuita, sangano renharaunda rinoshanda mukati memamiriro ekunze ekuwedzera kuongororwa kwemaitiro asina kunaka ekutengeserana uye njodzi dzine chokuita nekutengwa kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakachipa. Kudyidzana nevadyidzani uye kudzora kumanikidza zvese zvinovavarira chinangwa chimwe chete: kuwanazve kutonga kwekuyerera yemapasuru akaderera pasina kumisa kutengeserana kuri pamutemo.

Kuchengeteka kwechigadzirwa uye kuferefeta: Temu naShein vachiongororwa

Kunze kwemitero, mapuratifomu anotungamira e-ultra-fast fashoni uye anodhura edhijitari mabhazari anotarisana nematambudziko ekutonga. VaTemu vari kuferefetwa pasi pemutemo weDigital Services Act nekutadza kunyatsoongorora uye kudzikisira njodzi yekutengesa zvinhu zvisiri pamutemo kana zvingangove nengozi. Kuvhiyiwa kwekutenga kwechivande neKomisheni pachayo kwakaratidza njodzi huru yekutsvaga zvinhu zvisingaenderane, kubva pamatoyi kusvika kumagetsi madiki. Shein, nedivi rake, apinda mudambudziko nevakuru venyika, senge kuFrance, kwaakarairwa kuti abvise zvigadzirwa zvine hunyoro uye kuiswa pasi pekutariswa kwakasimba. Muzviitiko zvese izvi, meseji nderekuti EU haingodi kuunganidza mabasa, asiwo tarisa kuchengeteka uye traceability yezvinotengeswa pamusika wavo.

Uku kusimbiswa kwekuchengetedzwa kwevatengi kunosanganiswa nekuchinja kwetsika: data yakawanda pane imwe neimwe uye kudyidzana kukuru pakati pemasangano ezvetsika kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuona uye kuvhara zvinhu zvisingaenderani. Wedzera kune izvi dzvinyiriro yehupfumi yemabasa ekunze uye muripo wekutonga, uye mhedzisiro yacho ndeye ecosystem uko kutengesa zvakachipa uye pasina zvidzoro hazvisisiri nyore. Munguva yepakati, uku kusanganiswa kwezvinhu kunotarisirwa ... kuderedza kukurudzira kune hutsotsi.

Chii chingatarisirwe nemari dzeveruzhinji nenharaunda?

Kubva pamaonero emari, shanduko iyi ine chinangwa chekuwanazve mari yakarasika kuburikidza nehutsotsi nezvimwe. EU yakafungidzirwa kurasikirwa ne1.500 bhiriyoni mumari kubva kune kunze kwenyika pasi pe150 €. Pasi pehurongwa hutsva, mari iyi inofanirwa kudzoka - pamwe muchikamu - kumabhegi eruzhinji, zvakare kubvisa mutengo wekutonga gungwa remapasuru. Chikumbiro chekuunza mari yakatarwa ye € 2 pasuru chikamu chechirongwa ichi: kuvhara. mari yekutonga izvo zvino zvakatorwa netsika.

Pamberi pezvakatipoteredza, kukurudzira kutakura kwemunhu kwakaderera kwakawedzera zvakanyanya huwandu hwemapakeji anoyambuka pasirese nemhepo. Nekubvisa mukana uyu, EU inotarisira kusimbaradza kubatanidza zvinhu zvine hunyanzvi uye modhi yekugovera, ine hutsi hwakaderera pachikamu chinotengeswa. Ichi chibatsiro chisina kunanga - uye chakaoma kuyera munguva pfupi - asi zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwemamiriro ekunze hunotsvaga. pinza mari chaiyo zvekutakura.

Kuti musika uchaita sei: zvinofungidzirwa maitiro

Mapuratifomu eChinese achaita sarudzo nekukurumidza: kukwidza mimwe mitengo, kutora chikamu chemutengo kuchengetedza vatungamiriri vakarasika, kana kufambisa heta padyo nevhu reEuropean kuti vakurumidze kuburitsa uye kuderedza kusagadzikana kwetsika. Zvigadzirwa zveEurope nevatengesi, kune chikamu chavo, vanogamuchira nzvimbo yekutamba isina kurereka, kunyangwe kukwikwidza kwemitengo kucharamba kwakanyanya. Izvo zvinoramba zvichionekwa kuti vatengi vari kuda kuzvipira kusvika papi kana zvibvumirano zvenzvimbo yakachengeteka uye inoteerana. Chero zvazvingava, chiyero cheecosystem Ichagadziriswa.

Pachavawo nedzidzo yezvikoro. Tsika dzichayedza maprotocol matsva, vanogadzirisa zvinhu vanogadzirisa nzira uye huwandu, uye misika ichaenderera mberi nekunatsa masisitimu avo kutora uye kuendesa data rakazara pasuru yega yega. Ndiani anobhadhara chii (mutengesi, chikuva, kana mutengi wekupedzisira) achasiyana nechikamu uye nemutengesi, asi maitiro akajeka: kushoma opacity uye kuwedzera kuteedzera mukutakura kwega kwega.

Mwedzi iri kuuya ichange izere nezvinokosha: kutsanangura mhinduro yeshanduko ye2026, kupedzisa mutengo we € 2, kugadzirisa mapuratifomu nevashandisi nehunyanzvi, uye kusimbisa kubatana pakati peNhengo dzeNyika. Chero chipi chinogonesa kuverengera kuverengerwa kwemabasa pachinhu chimwe chete uye kuderedza kupindira kwemanyore patsika kuchabatsira kuti shanduko ishande pasina kudzokorora mufananidzo wematura akazara. Muedzo chaiwo uchauya kana iyo tsika data centre ichishanda zvizere uye inogona Bvisa basa kumiganhu.

Kubviswa kweiyo € 150 chikumbaridzo kunoshandura mitemo yemutambo kune yakaderera-kukosha kuyambuka muganhu e-commerce muEurope. Pachave nekutarisa kwakawanda, mitengo yakakwira pasuru imwe neimwe, uye nzvimbo shoma yemaitiro asina kujairika. Vatengi vanozoona - kumwe kukwira kwemitengo uye mamwe mafirita ekuchengetedza - uye mapuratifomu anogadzirisa zvinhu zvavo uye zvinyorwa zvechigadzirwa. Kana kushandiswa kuchirarama kusvika kune zvinotarisirwa, musika weEurope uchabatsirwa nemakwikwi akanaka uye kuchengetedzwa kwevatengi kuri nani, uye hunyengeri hwekare hweE5 T-shirt inoyambuka nepakati penyika pasina kubhadhara mutero pakupedzisira ichamiswa. zuva rekubuda.

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Zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezveAmazon Haul, iyo nyowani makwikwi kubva kuTemu naShein

Isaac

Anofarira munyori nezve nyika yemabytes uye tekinoroji zvakazara. Ini ndinoda kugovera ruzivo rwangu kuburikidza nekunyora, uye ndizvo zvandichaita mune ino blog, kukuratidza zvinhu zvese zvinonyanya kufadza nezve gadget, software, hardware, tekinoroji maitiro, nezvimwe. Chinangwa changu ndechekukubatsira kufamba munyika yedhijitari nenzira iri nyore uye inonakidza.