PowerPoint don e-koyan: hulɗa, tambaya, da asali SCORM

Idan kun riga kun yi aiki a cikin horo kuma kun tara tarin nunin faifai, wataƙila kun yi mamakin fiye da sau ɗaya yadda ake samun ƙarin daga cikinsu. Labari mai dadi shine PowerPoint na iya zama tushen kwasa-kwasan e-koyan ma'amala, tare da tambayoyi da bin diddigin SCORM., ba tare da kun yi hauka ba koyo kayan aikin da ba zai yiwu ba.

Nisa daga "mutuwa ta PowerPoint", a yau zaku iya amfani da gabatarwar ku zuwa Ƙirƙirar ƙwarewar koyo mai ƙarfi tare da keɓaɓɓen kewayawa, kimantawa kai, da cikakkiyar dacewa tare da LMS godiya ga SCORM.Bari mu gani, mataki-mataki daki-daki, yadda za a yi daidai da abin da ya kamata ka tuna don tabbatar da sakamakon sana'a.

Mene ne SCORM kuma me yasa yake da mahimmanci a cikin e-koyan?

A cikin duniyar horarwa ta kan layi, SCORM kusan yare ne gama gari: saitin ƙayyadaddun fasaha waɗanda ke ba da damar darussan da aka ƙirƙira a cikin kayan aiki ɗaya don yin aiki ba tare da matsala ba a cikin tsarin sarrafa koyo daban-daban (LMS).

Gagaratun SCORM ya fito daga Samfuran Magana Mai Rarraba Abun cikiWato, samfurin tunani don abubuwan abun ciki masu iya rabawa. A cikin mafi sauƙi: mizanin da ke ayyana yadda ake haɗawa, kwatanta, da kuma sadarwa da kwas ɗin e-learning ta yadda za a iya sake amfani da shi kuma ya dace da kowane LMS da ke goyan bayansa..

Ana rarraba fakitin SCORM azaman fayil da aka matsa a cikin tsarin ZIP wanda ya ƙunshi Shafukan HTML, fayilolin XML, hotuna, sauti, bidiyo, zanen salo, JavaScript, da metadataDuk waɗannan an tsara su ne da ƙayyadaddun tsari don LMS ya fahimci abin da ke ciki da yadda ya kamata ya nuna da kuma bin sa.

An haifi wannan ma'auni a ƙarshen 90s, lokacin da himma ADL (Babban Koyon Rarraba) ma'aikatar tsaron Amurka tana kallo Haɗa tare da sauƙaƙe damar ma'aikatan soja don samun horon kan layiHar zuwa wannan lokacin, ƙa'idodi da yawa sun kasance tare (AICC, IMS, ARIADNE, IEEE) waɗanda koyaushe ba sa jituwa da juna.

An fito da sifofin farko na SCORM tun daga 2000, kuma tare da el tiempo Biyu musamman masu dacewa an haɗa su: SCORM 1.2, an san shi don kwanciyar hankali da sauƙi, da SCORM 2004 (wanda ake kira 1.3), wanda ya ƙara ƙarin ci-gaba jerin kewayawa da ka'idoji. don kyautata yanayin ci gaban ɗalibin ta hanyar kwas.

Mabuɗin abubuwan fakitin SCORM

Don fahimtar yadda PowerPoint ɗinku ya dace a cikin tsarin ilimin e-learning, yana da taimako don warware abubuwan da ke cikin kunshin SCORM da yadda suke alaƙa da juna don samar da daidaiton ƙwarewar koyo.

Gabaɗaya, an gina fakitin SCORM daga manyan sassa uku: fayil ɗin ma'ana, albarkatun kwas, da tsari ko tsarin abun cikiA kan wannan, ana ƙara hanyoyin sa ido, ƙima da nasara.

Ana kiran babban tarihin bayyana (imsmanifest.xml) kuma yana aiki azaman taswirar hanya. Ya ƙayyade abin da kunshin ya ƙunshi, yadda aka haɗa abun ciki, a cikin wane tsari aka gabatar da shi, da menene metadata ya kwatanta shi. ( take, marubuci, harshe, siga, da sauransu).

A cikin wannan kunshin an haɗa albarkatun ko dukiyawaxanda suke duk fayilolin da suka haɗa da hanya: Shafukan HTML, bidiyo, sauti, hotuna, rubutun JavaScript don hulɗa, zanen salo, takaddun tallafi, da sauran kayan wajibi ne don kwas ɗin ya yi aiki.

Bugu da ƙari, SCORM yana bayyana abin da ake kira SCO (Abin da za a iya raba abun ciki)wanda zamu iya fahimta kamar ƙungiyoyin koyo masu zaman kansuMisali, a cikin kwas kan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun za ku iya samun SCO ɗaya don gabatarwa, wani don ƙwarewa mai mahimmanci, wani don kayan aiki masu amfani, da wani don aiwatarwa a cikin kamfani.

Kowane ɗayan waɗannan SCOs na iya ƙunsar subunits, fuska da ayyukaAmma daga mahangar LMS, ana ɗaukar su a matsayin tubalan da za a iya harbawa, shigar da su, da kuma yi musu alama kamar yadda aka kammala su ɗaiɗaiku.

Wani abu mai mahimmanci shine kimantawa da tambayoyiKayan aikin izini suna ba da izini Haɗa tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, gaskiya/ƙarya, ja da sauke, daidaitawa, cike wuraren da ba komai, ko bincike.a tsakanin sauran tsare-tsare. Ma'anar waɗannan tambayoyin na iya kasancewa a cikin SCO kanta ko kuma an yi ishara da su daga albarkatun waje.

SCORM kuma ya haɗa da saitin ka'idojin sadarwa (Shahararriyar SCORM API) wanda ke ba da damar kwas ɗin da LMS su "magana" da juna. Godiya ga wannan, tsarin zai iya yin rikodin lokacin da aka kashe, ci gaba, daraja, yunƙurin, matsayin kammalawa, da sauran bayanai na abin da dalibi ya yi a cikin kwas.

A ƙarshe, a cikin kowane kwas, ana iya bayyana waɗannan abubuwa masu zuwa: ma'auni don cikawa da nasara: Misali, duba mafi ƙarancin kashi na fuska, sami maki daidai ko mafi girma fiye da ƙima, ko kammala duk ayyukan da suka wajabaWaɗannan sigogi suna ƙayyade lokacin da LMS yakamata ya yiwa kwas ɗin alama kamar yadda aka kammala da ko ɗalibin ya ci ko a'a.

SCORM, aiki tare da kyawawan ayyukan ƙira

Bayan abubuwan fasaha, babban darajar SCORM ta ta'allaka ne a cikin gaskiyar cewa Yana tabbatar da cewa kwasa-kwasan za'a iya yin mu'amala da su, ana iya sake amfani da su, masu ɗorewa, samun dama, da iya daidaita su.Waɗannan ra'ayoyi guda biyar sune maɓalli don samun mafi kyawun ɗakin karatu na abun ciki.

Muna magana game da haɗin kai lokacin da kwas iri ɗaya Yana aiki ba tare da matsala ba a cikin LMS daban-daban, ba tare da la'akari da mai bayarwa ba.Don wannan, yana da mahimmanci Yi amfani da kayan aikin mawallafa waɗanda ke mutunta ƙayyadaddun SCORM da duba dacewar abun ciki tare da dandalin ku. kafin a tura shi a kan babban sikelin.

Maimaituwa ya ƙunshi ƙira ƙirar abun ciki waɗanda za a iya sake yin fa'ida a cikin darussa da yawa da mahallin ba tare da sake yin komai daga karce baƘirƙirar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun raka'a, masu lakabi tare da metadata masu amfani, yana taimakawa sosai a ganowa da sake haɗa kayan lokacin da kuke buƙatar sabbin hanyoyin tafiya.

Dorewa yana nufin abin da ke ciki kula da dacewarsa duka a fasaha da koyarwa a kan lokaciWannan yana faruwa saboda bi kafuwar nau'ikan SCORM (kamar 1.2 ko bugu na uku na SCORM 2004) da bitar darussa lokaci-lokaci don sabunta misalai, nassoshi, da fasaha.

Samun dama wani ginshiƙi ne wanda ke samun ƙarin mahimmanci, wanda ke goyan bayan ƙa'idodi irin su Umarnin Turai 2016/2102, Sashe na 508 a cikin Amurka, ko jagororin WCAG. Manufar ita ce ta yadda masu nakasassu daban-daban za su iya shiga kuma su amfana daga kwas daidai gwargwadoamfani da screen readers, subtitles, bambance-bambance masu dacewa da kewayawa mai sauƙi.

A ƙarshe, scalability yana nufin iyawar abun cikin ku zuwa daidaita da ci gaban kungiyar da karuwar dalibaiHaɓaka girman fayilolin multimedia, tsara aikin da kyau, kuma yi la'akari da fadada nau'o'i ko darussa masu alaƙa Yana sauƙaƙa wa kas ɗin ku don girma ba tare da lalata LMS ɗin ku ba.

PowerPoint azaman tushen abun ciki na e-koyarwa mai mu'amala

Kamfanoni da yawa sun fara tafiya a cikin e-learing tare da ra'ayi mai ban sha'awa: Mayar da gabatarwar PowerPoint cikin mutum kai tsaye zuwa darussan kan layiMatsalar ita ce, idan an yi shi "ba tare da taka tsantsan ba," yawanci ana canjawa wuri. wuce gona da iri na rubutu, tsarin bayyani, da rashin mu'amala.

Makullin ba shine kawai kwafi nunin faifai kamar yadda yake ba, amma sake tunani cikin abun ciki tare da tunani na kan layi. Wannan yana nufin Iyakanta lokacin, rage rubutu akan allo, gabatar da ayyuka, tsara manufofin da kyau, da kuma amfani da damar PowerPoint don samar da hulɗa..

PowerPoint yana ba da dama fiye da yadda ake amfani da su a horo: rayarwa, jawowa, hyperlinks, yadudduka, hoto da haɗin siffa, kewayawa na al'adaTare da wasu kerawa, zaku iya ginawa abubuwan ban mamaki masu wadata ba tare da barin yanayin da kuka riga kuka sani ba.

Dabarar ita ce ta wuce faifan harsashi na yau da kullun. Maimakon lissafin marasa iyaka, zaka iya gabatar da bayanai a cikin rarrabuwar kawuna, zazzagewa, sigar gamified, ko tare da amsa nan takeBayan haka, ta amfani da kayan aikin mawallafi masu jituwa, zaku canza wannan abun cikin zuwa tsarin SCORM wanda aka shirya don LMS ɗinku.

Yana da mahimmanci, duk da haka, ka watsar da ra'ayin cewa kuna "ba da lacca." A cikin e-learing, burin shine Ƙirƙiri dama don bincike da aiki don ɗalibin ya iya yanke shawara, karɓar ra'ayi, da gina nasu hanyar koyoba kawai saurare ba.

Nau'in hulɗar da za ku iya ƙirƙira a cikin PowerPoint

Haɗa ayyukan PowerPoint na yau da kullun (rubutu, siffofi, hotuna) tare da rayarwa da jawomai yiwuwa ne ƙirƙira cikakkiyar ƙwarewar ma'amala ba tare da tsara layin lamba ɗaya ba.

Daya daga cikin mafi sauki hanyoyin da za a fara shi ne zane sarrafa kewayawa na kansaMaimakon dogaro da ci gaba kawai / baya, zaku iya Ƙirƙirar maɓallai waɗanda ke ɗaukar ɗalibin zuwa takamaiman sassan kwas, manyan menus, fihirisa, ko madadin hanyoyin, ta amfani da hyperlinks tsakanin nunin faifai.

Hakanan zaka iya aiki tare da windows pop-up ko pop-upsMisali, akan nunin faifai tare da maɓalli mai maɓalli, zaku iya ƙara maɓallin "Ƙari" wanda, lokacin da aka danna, Bayar da faɗaɗa ma'anar, misali, bayanin kula na tarihi, ko bayani.Ta wannan hanyar, kowane mutum yana ganin matakin daki-daki ne kawai.

Wani filin mai ban sha'awa shine kimanta kaiDa ɗan gwaninta, yana yiwuwa Sanya tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa inda, dangane da amsar da aka zaɓa, amsa daban-daban ta bayyana.Komai yana dogara ne akan abubuwan da ke nuna ko ɓoye tubalan rubutu ko hotuna dangane da zaɓin.

Idan kuna son ci gaba mataki ɗaya gaba, kuna iya ƙirƙira taswirori masu mu'amala, zane-zanen reshe, menus masu shafi ko gajerun wasannin tambayaKowane yanki na taswirar da za a iya dannawa ko kowane nau'in zane na iya bayyana bayanai daban-daban ta kunna takamaiman rayarwa.

Babban ra'ayin shine a yi amfani da gaskiyar cewa PowerPoint Yana ba ku damar yanke shawarar abin da aka gani, lokacin, da kuma martani ga abin da mai amfani ya yi.Daga can, an saita iyaka ta hanyar ƙirƙira ku da lokacin da kuke son saka hannun jari a kowane ƙira.

Daga PowerPoint zuwa kwas na e-koyon SCORM tare da kayan aikin mawallafa

Da zarar kuna da tsayayyen tsari kuma kun yi aiki akan wasu hulɗa a cikin PowerPoint, lokaci yayi da za ku Canza waccan gabatarwar zuwa kwas ɗin e-learning na gaske, mai dacewa da LMS ɗinku kuma tare da bin diddigin sakamako.

Ana yin wannan ta amfani da kayan aikin rubutu da aka haɗa cikin ko haɗa su da PowerPoint, kamar iSpring Suite ko girgije mafita da damar Loda fayil ɗin PPT ɗin ku kuma wadatar da shi tare da ayyuka, wasanni, muryoyin murya, fassarori, da zaɓuɓɓukan samun dama.Tsarin al'ada yawanci yana bin manyan matakai uku.

Na farko, an tsara ainihin kwas ɗin a cikin PowerPoint: Ana duba abubuwan da ke ciki, an rage rubutun da ba dole ba, an tsara sassan, kuma ana ƙara rayarwa, fafutuka, da sarrafa kewayawa., kuma abubuwan multimedia kamar audio, bidiyo ko hotunan kariyar kwamfuta an haɗa su.

Sa'an nan, kayan aikin marubucin zai ba ku damar saka ci-gaba hulɗa da tambayoyi ba tare da buƙatar shirye-shirye ba. Misali, tare da iSpring zaka iya ƙarawa kwaikwaiyon tattaunawa, rikodin allo, tambayoyin ja-da-jiye, ko layukan mu'amala kai tsaye daga ribbon PowerPoint.

A kan dandamali kamar mawallafi na iEazy, kwarara yana canzawa kaɗan: Kuna loda gabatarwar ku, zaɓi samfurin ƙira, kuma kayan aikin yana shigo da kowane nunin hoto azaman hoto.. Daga can, za ku iya Ƙara yadudduka masu mu'amala, wasanni, kimantawa na ƙarshe, fassarorin atomatik, muryoyin murya, da fassarar fassarar da aka samar IA a cikin wani al'amari na minti

A ƙarshe, lokacin bugawa ya zo. A cikin wannan mataki, an zaɓi zaɓi Tsarin fitarwa (SCORM 1.2, SCORM 2004, xAPI/TinCan, HTML5, PDF, microsite, kai tsaye mahada…) kuma an saita sigogin bin diddigin: makin wucewa, mafi ƙarancin kashi na allo da aka duba, yunƙurin da aka yarda, kiyasin tsawon lokaci, da sauransu.

A cikin yanayin SCORM 1.2, yawanci zaɓi tsakanin bin diddigin ta ƙarshe (dangane da adadin kallo da/ko kammala wani aiki) ko bin diddigin ƙima (inda aka yi rikodin daraja da wucewa/ gazawa)SCORM 2004 yana ƙara dama don mafi kyawun jeri da ƙa'idodin kewayawaKoyaya, hanya mafi dacewa yawanci shine amfani da ingantaccen daidaitaccen tsari.

Ƙirƙiri SCORM daga karce, ta amfani da PowerPoint ko kawai lamba

Don samar da fakitin SCORM kuna da gaske, Hanyoyi uku: yi amfani da kayan aikin marubuci daga karce, canza kayan da ake dasu (kamar PPT), ko gina komai da hannu tare da HTML, CSS, JavaScript, da SCORM API.

Hanyar kayan aikin marubuci daga karce ta dogara ne akan farawa daga takarda mara kyau a cikin dandamali kantaA can za ku ayyana ma'anar kwas ɗin ku, rubuta rubutun, haɗa hotuna da bidiyo, ƙara ayyukan mu'amala da saitunan samun dama, sannan fitarwa a cikin tsarin SCORM da kuka fi so.

Babban fa'idar ita ce An haɗa ƙirar koyarwa da fasaha sosai ba tare da matsala ba., tare da ayyuka kamar tanadin atomatik, nau'ikan, ɗakunan ajiya, samfuran hoto, da mataimakan masu ƙarfin AI wanda ke taimaka muku samar da sauri kuma tare da gama kamanni.

Hanya ta biyu ta ƙunshi sake amfani da abubuwan da ke akwai, kamar gabatarwar PowerPoint ko PDFsKuna shigo da waɗancan fayilolin cikin kayan aikin marubuta, canza su zuwa fuska ko tubalan, sannan Kuna ƙara yadudduka na hulɗa, ƙima, da zaɓuɓɓukan bin diddigi don canza su zuwa cikakkiyar hanya.

Wannan zaɓi yana da ban sha'awa sosai idan ƙungiyar ku tana da ɓangarorin abun ciki da yawa da aka rubuta cikin mutum waɗanda kuke son ƙaura zuwa tashar kan layi ba tare da kullun farawa daga karce ba. Koyaya, yana da kyau a yi bitar kowane aiki sosai don gujewa Fadawa cikin tarkon zubar da jini kawai da kiyaye ingantacciyar hanyar koyarwa.

Hanya ta uku, ba tare da ƙarin kayan aiki ba, ita ce mafi fasaha. Ya kunshi Da hannu haɓaka shafukan HTML na kwas, salo, rubutun JavaScript, da fayil imsmanifest.xmlBaya ga haɗa SCORM API tare da lambarta don farawa, rajista da ƙare kowane zama.

Da zarar duk abun ciki ya shirya, kuna buƙatar Tsara shi cikin manyan fayiloli, matsa shi cikin fayil ɗin ZIP, kuma loda shi zuwa LMS don gwaji.Wannan hanyar tana ba da cikakken iko kuma tana guje wa lasisin software, amma Yana buƙatar ilimi mai zurfi, lokaci mai yawa na gwaji, da babban kulawa ga daki-daki. don gujewa yin kuskuren da ke da wuyar ganewa.

Yadda ake lodawa da gwada darussan SCORM ɗinku a cikin LMS

Da zarar kun shirya kwas ɗin ku na e-learning a cikin SCORM, mataki na gaba shine Shigo da shi cikin LMS kuma tabbatar da cewa komai yana aiki kamar yadda ya kamata kafin ƙaddamar da shi ga ɗalibai..

Yawanci, a cikin kwamitin gudanarwar dandalin ku zaku samu sashe don ƙara sabbin darussa ko abun cikiDaga can, zaɓi fayil ɗin SCORM ZIP kuma fara lodawa. Dangane da girman fakitin da saurin haɗin ku, wannan tsari na iya ɗaukar mintuna kaɗan.

Da zarar an ɗora, yana da kyau a yi gwaje-gwaje na ciki da yawa. Hanyar da aka ba da shawarar ita ce Bincika cikakken kewayawa hanya, daidaitaccen sake kunnawa na duk kafofin watsa labarai (bidiyo, sauti, hulɗa), da halayen kima. tare da amsa daban-daban da al'amura.

Yana da mahimmanci kuma a kalli yadda LMS yana rubuta ci gaba: ko yana yin daidai daidai da matsayi kamar yadda aka fara, ana ci gaba, kammalawa, ko dakatarwakuma ko an adana bayanan kula, lokuta, da sauran mahimman bayanai kamar yadda aka zata.

Idan kun gano gazawar sadarwa (misali, gwajin da aka yi amma ba a bayyana a cikin rahoton ba), za ku yi Yi bita duka saitunan wallafe-wallafe a cikin kayan aikin marubuci da saitunan kwas a cikin LMSWani lokaci ya isa ya canza yanayin sa ido ko nau'in halin da ake ba da rahoto.

Da zarar an tabbatar da komai, zaku iya Buga kwas ɗin ga masu sauraron ku, ko ƙungiyar matukin jirgi ne, duka ma'aikata, ko takamaiman ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Daga wannan lokacin, LMS za ta fara tara bayanan da za ku iya amfani da su don inganta bugu na gaba.

Shirya da kyau: manufa, kima da abun ciki

Don kwas na tushen PowerPoint don yin aiki da gaske akan layi, abubuwan fasaha kaɗai ba su isa ba. Yana da mahimmanci. Da farko, yi tunani game da abin da kuke son ɗalibai su cim ma, yadda za ku auna shi, da abin da kuke buƙatar isa wurin..

Mataki na farko shine ayyana bayyanannen, takamaiman, kuma maƙasudin ilmantarwaTambayar farawa mai kyau ita ce: "Me dalibi zai iya yi bayan kammala wannan kwas da ba su san yadda ake yi ba a da?"Mafi ƙayyadaddun waɗancan maƙasudin, da sauƙin zai kasance don tsara ayyukan da suka dace.

Sannan dole ne kuyi la'akari Wane irin kima ne zai nuna cewa an cimma waɗannan manufofin?Yana iya zama takardar tambaya, simulation, nazarin shari'a, motsa jiki na yanke shawara, ko haɗin hanyoyin da yawa, amma dole ne koyaushe a haɗa shi da abin da kuke son cimmawa.

Yana da ma'ana ne kawai lokacin da kuke da bayyanannun manufofi da kimantawa gina abun cikiMaimakon maimaita zaman awa daya kamar a cikin aji, yana da kyau Rarraba manhajar zuwa gajarta, mai da hankali sosai, da sassauƙar narkewanisantar yin lodin ɗalibai da rubutu marasa iyaka.

Don sauƙaƙe assimilation, aiki ne mai kyau madadin gajeriyar bayani tare da ayyukan hulɗa, tambayoyin tunani, ƙananan ƙalubale, ko sake dubawa na lokaci-lokaciTa wannan hanyar ba kawai ku kula da hankali ba, amma kuma ku ƙarfafa abin da kuka koya akai-akai.

A ƙarshe, kar a manta da martani. Kyakkyawan kwas na e-koyarwa Yana ba da takamaiman bayani mai ma'ana, duka a cikin tambayoyin tambayoyi da ayyuka masu amfani.domin dalibi ya fahimci abin da ya yi da kyau, inda suka yi kuskure, da kuma yadda za su inganta.

Idan kun haɗa duk waɗannan tare da kayan aikin mawallafi mai ilhama, mai iya sarrafa ayyuka kamar ƙirƙira kimantawa, fassarorin, muryoyin murya ko subtitlesZa ku iya samar da abun ciki mai inganci a cikin ƙasan lokaci kuma tare da tsarin ilmantarwa mai sarrafawa.

Idan kun ƙware a PowerPoint kuma ku fahimci yadda SCORM ke aiki, kuna da haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi a yatsanku: Kuna iya canza nunin faifai a tsaye zuwa darussan kan layi masu ma'amala, aunawa, da sake amfani da su.waɗanda ke haɗawa cikin LMS ɗinku ba tare da wani lahani ba kuma, idan an tsara su da kyau, sun fi kyau da tasiri fiye da gabatarwar gargajiya.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Yadda ake ƙirƙirar wasanni masu ma'amala a cikin PowerPoint da haɓaka gabatarwar ku

Ishaku

Marubuci mai sha'awa game da duniyar bytes da fasaha gabaɗaya. Ina son raba ilimina ta hanyar rubutu, kuma abin da zan yi ke nan a cikin wannan shafi, in nuna muku duk abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa game da na'urori, software, hardware, yanayin fasaha, da ƙari. Burina shine in taimaka muku kewaya duniyar dijital ta hanya mai sauƙi da nishaɗi.