Umhlahlandlela Othuthukile Wokumisa Izimvume Nokuphepha ku-SharePoint: Amazinga, Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu, Nokulawula Okuningiliziwe

I-SharePoint isibe ngelinye lamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphathweni kwamadokhumenti kanye nokubambisana kwangaphakathi phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamabhizinisi nezinhlangano. Kodwa-ke, esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu—futhi esivame ukudideka kubaphathi kanye nabasebenzisi abathuthukile—indlela yokusetha kahle izimvume kanye nokuphepha kwangaphakathi. Ukuhlela kahle ukuthi ubani ongafinyelela, ahlele, noma abelane ngemithombo ngayinye kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwedatha ebucayi nokugwema izinhlungu zansuku zonke.

Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlanganisa konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokuphathwa kwemvume nokuphepha ku-SharePoint, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwayo ne-Microsoft Teams. Kusukela ekuqondeni ukuhlelwa kwemvume, amazinga achazwe kusengaphambili, kanye nokuphathwa okuhlanganisiwe kohlu, imitapo yolwazi, noma izinto ezithile, kuya emikhubeni emihle kakhulu, imininingwane yokuphatha ezindaweni ezihlanganisiwe, kanye nokubaluleka kokusebenza ngempumelelo ngama-akhawunti amaqembu kanye nezinsizakalo, uzofunda ukuthi ungayiqondisa kanjani i-SharePoint futhi uyenze ibe umngane wakho ongcono kakhulu wokuphepha nokulawula ukufinyelela.

Kungani izimvume nokuphepha kubaluleke kangaka ku-SharePoint?

Ukufinyelela olwazini kuyimbangela yokubambisana kunoma iyiphi indawo yedijithali. Kodwa-ke, ukufinyelela okungalawulwa kungadala ingozi enkulu ekuphepheni kwedatha nasekugcinweni kwayo. Ku-SharePoint, ukumisa kahle izimvume kukuvumela ukuthi uchaze ukuthi ubani ongabuka, ahlele, asuse, noma abelane ngamadokhumenti, uhlu, amakhasi, noma izilungiselelo, futhi ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo.

Ukuphathwa okunganaki noma okungahlelekile kungaholela ekuvuthweni kwedatha, emaphutheni okusebenza, noma ngisho nasekuphulweni kwezokuphepha okubizayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda izimvume akuyona into ongayikhetha: kubalulekile.

Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuphathwa kwemvume ku-SharePoint

I-SharePoint ihlela ukuphepha ngokusekelwe emicabangweni emithathu ebalulekile: amazinga emvume, amaqembu, kanye nefa.

• Amazinga emvume: Amasethi ezimvume ezingazodwana eziqoqwe ndawonye ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi othile kalula. Isibonelo, "Ukulawula Okugcwele" noma "Funda Kuphela."
• Amaqembu: Zikuvumela ukuthi unikeze izimvume ngenqwaba kubasebenzisi abaningi ababelana ngomsebenzi ofanayo noma isidingo.
• Ifa: Izimvume ngokuvamile zinikezwa ezingeni eliphezulu (njengesayithi noma umtapo wolwazi) futhi zizuzwe phansi, nakuba zingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngokwephula leli fa endaweni ethile.

Lolu hlelo lusiza ukuphatha futhi lunciphise amaphutha, kodwa futhi ludinga ukuqonda okucacile kokuthi ukufinyelela kusakazwa kanjani kuzo zonke izendlalelo ezihlukene.

Amazinga emvume azenzakalelayo ku-SharePoint: okuningi kunokuthi "funda" futhi "ubhale"

Kusukela ku-SharePoint Online kuya ku-SharePoint Server esezindaweni, kunezimvume eziningana ezichazwe kusengaphambili ezihlanganisa izidingo ezivamile. Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda ububanzi bazo kanye nomehluko kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukufinyelela kwabasebenzisi noma amaqembu.

• Ukulawula okuphelele: Ikuvumela ukuthi wenze noma yisiphi isenzo kusayithi, okuhlanganisa ukuphatha izimvume, ukudala noma ukususa izinto, kanye nokucushwa komhlaba wonke. Gcina le leveli kubaphathi abathenjwa kakhulu, njengoba noma yiliphi iphutha lingaba nemiphumela engenakuhlehliswa!
• Umklamo: Leli zinga likuvumela ukuthi ubuke, ungeze, ubuyekeze, ususe, ugunyaze futhi wenze ngendlela oyifisayo izici noma amakhasi ngaphakathi kwewebhusayithi. Iphelele kulabo abanomthwalo wemfanelo wesithombe nesakhiwo samaphothali.
• Uhlelo: Abasebenzisi bangadala, bahlele, futhi basuse izinto nohlu, futhi baphathe okuqukethwe kwabo, kodwa njalo ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo emisiwe.
• Ukubambisana/Isandla: Lawa maleveli (amagama angahluka kuye ngenguqulo ye-SharePoint) akuvumela ukuthi wengeze, uhlele, futhi ususe izinto ohlwini noma kumalabhulali, kanye nokuphatha izingxenye zewebhu zomuntu siqu. Iwusizo kakhulu emaqenjini omsebenzi adinga ukushintsha amadokhumenti noma uhlu kodwa ngaphandle kokufinyelela kuzilungiselelo ezithuthukile.
• Ukufunda/Ukubuka Kukhawulelwe: Banikeza ukufinyelela kokubuka okuqukethwe kuphela, ngaphandle kwekhono lokushintsha, ukususa, noma ukwengeza okuthile kukho. Izinga eliyisisekelo lababuyekezi, abacwaningi mabhuku noma izivakashi zangaphandle.
• Ukufinyelela okukhawulelwe: Umsebenzi wayo ukuvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi afinyelele kuphela insiza ethile (efana nefayela) ngaphandle kokunikeza ukufinyelela kuyo yonke isayithi noma umtapo wolwazi. Kuwusizo kakhulu ukwabelana ngamadokhumenti ngabanye nabahlanganyeli bangaphandle.
• Buka kuphela: Ikuvumela ukuthi ubuke amakhasi ohlelo lokusebenza nezinto, kodwa ngemikhawulo eyengeziwe; yakhelwe izimo eziqondile kakhulu, isibonelo, nge-Excel Services.

Kumasayithi okushicilela (njengamaphothali esikhungo), kungase kube namaleveli engeziwe njengokuthi “Ukufunda Okukhawulelwe,” “Ukugunyazwa,” noma “Lawula Ukulandelana kwezigaba,” athuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukulawula okuqukethwe nokushicilela ikhasi.

Izimvume zomuntu ngamunye: ukuphrinta okuhle kwezokuphepha

Amazinga angenhla empeleni ayisethi yezimvume ngazinye ezinquma ukuthi yiziphi izenzo umsebenzisi ngamunye angazifeza. Isibonelo, umsebenzisi onemvume "yokuphathwa kohlu" angadala futhi asuse uhlu, kodwa mhlawumbe angavumeli izinto noma aphathe imibono yomphakathi.

Phakathi kwezimvume ze-SharePoint ezivame kakhulu kuye ngobubanzi, okulandelayo kuyagqama:

• Izimvume zohlu: Phatha uhlu, buka, engeza, hlela, futhi ususe izinto, gunyaza noma shicilela izinguqulo, dala izexwayiso, ulahle izinguquko, nokuningi.
• Izimvume zesayithi: Lawula izimvume, dala futhi ushintshe amaqembu, phatha izilungiselelo zomhlaba, buka idatha yokusetshenziswa nezibalo, engeza noma wenze ngendlela oyifisayo amakhasi nezindikimba, nokuningi.
• Izimvume zomuntu siqu: Lawula ukubukwa kohlu lomuntu siqu, engeza noma susa izingxenye zewebhu emakhasini omuntu siqu, buyekeza izingxenye zewebhu ngokwezifiso.

Ukulawula okuyimbudumbudu kulezi zimvume kukuvumela ukuthi udale amaleveli angokwezifiso ahambisana nezidingo ezithile zenhlangano noma iphrojekthi.

Amaqembu e-SharePoint: Ukhiye Wokuphathwa Kwemvume Okuphumelelayo

Ukunikeza izimvume ngamunye ngamunye ngokushesha kuba yiphupho elibi njengoba inani labasebenzisi likhula. Ukuze kugwenywe amaphutha futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, i-SharePoint ihlale incoma ukusebenzisa amaqembu okuphepha.

• Amaqembu azenzakalelayo: Uma udala isayithi, i-SharePoint idala amaqembu azenzakalelayo njengokuthi “Abanikazi,” “Amalungu,” kanye “Nezivakashi,” ngalinye elineleveli yemvume evamile.
• Amaqembu Ngokwezifiso: Ungadala amaqembu eminyango ethile, amaphrojekthi, noma amaphrofayela (isibonelo, “Abahloli Bamabhuku” noma “Ithimba Lokuthengisa”) futhi ubanike izimvume ezidingekayo kusisetshenziswa esisodwa noma ngaphezulu.
• Amaqembu akhiwe: I-SharePoint ivumela iqembu elilodwa ukuthi libe yilungu lelinye, lisize ukuphathwa kokufinyelela kwesigaba (okuwusizo kakhulu ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu).

Ukunikeza njalo izimvume kumaqembu, hhayi abasebenzisi abangabodwana, kuwumkhuba ongcono kakhulu wokuphepha nokusebenza kahle.

Umehluko phakathi kwezimvume Ezingosini Zethimba kanye Namasayithi Okuxhumana

I-SharePoint ihlukanisa ngokuyinhloko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zamasayithi:

• Amasayithi Ethimba: Idizayinelwe ukusebenzelana kwangaphakathi, lapho izimvume zivame ukuba yimbudumbudu kakhudlwana futhi zikhawulelwe eqenjini noma kumalungu ephrojekthi.
• Izingosi zokuxhumana: Ihloselwe ukwabelana ngolwazi lwesikhungo noma lwasesidlangalaleni, lapho izimvume zivame ukuba banzi futhi ziqondiswe ekubonakaleni kwabantu abaningi, nakuba izinketho zokuhlukanisa ezithuthukile zisekhona.

Ukukhetha uhlobo lwesayithi olulungile nezimvume zisuka nje kukuvimbela ekutheni wenze kabusha izakhiwo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

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Ukusetha izimvume kuhlu nakulabhulali: ukulawula okunemininingwane

Enye yamandla e-SharePoint yikhono layo lokuphatha izimvume ezingeni eliyindilinga kakhulu, ngisho nohlu, imitapo yolwazi, noma izinto ngazinye. Lokhu kufezwa ngokwephula ifa lemvume, okukuvumela ukuthi ubeke imithetho ethile yomthombo ngamunye.

Faka ohlwini izimvume

• Ukuphathwa kohlu: Dala noma susa uhlu, engeza/susa amakholomu noma ukubukwa komphakathi, lungisa isakhiwo.
• Engeza, hlela, futhi ususe izinto: Ukulawula okuphelele kudatha egciniwe.
• Gunyaza noma nqaba izinguqulo: Ibalulekile ezindaweni lapho abasebenzisi abathile kuphela abangashicilela izinguquko.
• Izaziso nezaziso: Amathuba okudala izexwayiso zokuqapha izinguquko.

Izimvume zelabhulali

• Engeza/Susa Amadokhumenti: Lawula ukuthi ubani ongalayisha noma asuse amafayela.
• Phatha izinguqulo: Ikuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele noma ususe izinguqulo ezindala, ezibalulekile ezindaweni eziqinile zokulawula amadokhumenti.
• Lungiselela imethadatha nokubukwa: Lungisa indlela amadokhumenti ahlelwa futhi aboniswe ngayo.

Khumbula ukuthi ngokwephula imvume yefa, uzodinga ukuphatha izinguquko zesikhathi esizayo mathupha. Bhala lokhu okuhlukile kahle futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ubuyekeze izilungiselelo zakho ukuze ugcine ukuphepha ku-SharePoint.

Izimvume ezintweni ezingazodwana: ukuphepha kokuhlinzwa

Ngezinye izikhathi udinga umsebenzisi noma iqembu ukuze ubuke noma uhlele idokhumenti eyodwa, ifolda, noma into yohlu. I-SharePoint ikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise ifa kuleli zinga futhi, ngokusetha "ibhamuza" lokufinyelela eliyingqayizivele nelenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokugcwele.

Le nqubo iwusizo ikakhulukazi uma udinga ukwabelana ngamadokhumenti ngezikhathi ezithile nabahlanganyeli bangaphandle noma abacwaningi mabhuku ngaphandle kokuveza lonke ulwazi.

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Amamodeli Amafa: Indlela Izimvume Ezisakazeka Ngayo ku-SharePoint

Esikhathini esiningi, izimvume ku-SharePoint zigeleza kusukela phezulu kuya phansi. Okusho ukuthi, uma unikeza imvume eqoqweni lesayithi, zonke izinhlu, imitapo yolwazi, nezinto ezikuyo zizozuza lezo zimvume ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kokuthi wephule ifa.

Kunini lapho kufanele khona ukuphula izinhlelo ezindala? Kuphela ezimweni ezifanele kakhulu: imibhalo ebucayi kakhulu, imishini yesikhashana, izinsiza ezabiwe namaqembu angaphandle, njll. Ukusebenzisa kabi lo mqondo kudala isiphithiphithi futhi kwandisa ingozi yamaphutha abantu.

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Ukuphatha Izimvume Ezimweni Ezihlanganisiwe: I-SharePoint Online vs. Iseva ye-SharePoint

I-logic yezimvume iyafana kuzo zombili izinkundla, kodwa kunomehluko obalulekile kuye ngokuthi ngabe usebenza efwini (SharePoint Online/Microsoft 365) noma kumaseva endawo (Iseva ye-SharePoint).

• Ku-SharePoint Online: Amaqembu nezimvume zihlobene eduze I-Microsoft 365 kanye ne-Azure AD. Ukwengeza, ukuhlanganiswa namaQembu kwengeza ukufinyelela okusha nokucatshangelwa kokubonakala.
• Kuseva ye-SharePoint: Izinhlobonhlobo ezibanzi zezindima zokusekela nokufinyelela kuzilungiselelo ezisezingeni eliphansi ziyatholakala, okuhlanganisa isistimu yefayela nezimvume zokubhalisa. Windows.

Ama-akhawunti wesevisi, izindima, nezimvume zobuchwepheshe Kuseva ye-SharePoint

Ekusetshenzisweni kwezindawo (i-SharePoint Server), ukuphepha kudlulela ngale kwezimvume ezibonakalayo kusuka ku-interface yomsebenzisi. Yilapho ama-akhawunti esevisi, amaqembu obuchwepheshe, kanye nezindima zesizindalwazi ziqala khona ukusebenza.

• Ama-akhawunti okuphatha: Kunama-akhawunti athile okuphatha ipulazi leseva, izinsiza zesikhathi, ukuphatha okumaphakathi, ukucaca kokuqukethwe, ukuvumelanisa uhla lwemibhalo olusebenzayo, nokuningi. Ungalokothi usebenzise i-akhawunti eyodwa kukho konke noma unikeze izimvume zokulawula kuma-akhawunti ezicelo.
• Izidingo zeqembu: Kunamaqembu afana ne-WSS_ADMIN_WPG, i-WSS_WPG noma i-WSS_RESTRICTED_WPG enikeza izimvume zokusebenza ngohlelo lwefayela, ukubhalisa nezinye izinsiza zangaphakathi.
• Izindima zesizindalwazi: I-SharePoint isebenzisa izindima ezifana ne-WSS_CONTENT_APPLICATION_POOLS, i-SPDataAccess, noma i-SharePoint_SHELL_ACCESS ukuze ilawule ukufinyelela kusizindalwazi sakho se-SQL Server nezinqubo ezigciniwe. Kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo ezisemthethweni ukuze unikeze inani elincane lezimvume ezidingekayo futhi ugweme amalungelo amaningi.

Izimvume zesistimu ezithuthukisiwe: izinsiza zasendaweni nokubhalisa

Kubaphathi abathuthukile—ikakhulukazi ku-SharePoint Server—izimvume zeqembu ohlelweni lwefayela lendawo kanye nokubhaliswa kweWindows kudingeka kucatshangelwe.

• Amafayela namafolda: Kunezindlela kusistimu yakho (isibonelo, %ProgramFiles%\Microsoft Office Servers\16.0\Logs) ezidinga izimvume ezikhethekile zokufunda, ukubhala, noma zokulawula okugcwele ukuze amasevisi e-SharePoint asebenze kahle.
• Okufakiwe kokubhalisa: Okhiye abaningi bokubhalisa ababalulekile be-SharePoint badinga izimvume zobuchwepheshe zokuphatha, ukuxilonga, ukuguqulwa kwedokhumenti, noma ukubethela kokuqinisekisa.

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Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.