Konke odinga ukukwazi nge-Exabyte: iyunithi enkulu kakhulu

Izwe lobuchwepheshe ligcwele amayunithi okulinganisa avame ukubonakala kunzima ukuwaqonda. Nakuba iningi lethu lijwayelene namagama anjenge-kilobyte (KB), i-megabyte (MB), noma i-gigabyte (GB), izinto ziba zimbi kakhulu uma silinganisa izilinganiso ezifana ne-exabyte (EB). Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda ukuthi i-exabyte isho ukuthini kungasisiza siqonde kangcono umhlaba wedijithali, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana ne-big data noma isitoreji samafu .

I- exabyte iyiyunithi yolwazi lwedijithali elilingana nenani elikhulu ledatha. Akuyona into evamile kubasebenzisi basekhaya, kodwa ibalulekile lapho sibhekene nenani elikhulu lolwazi oluphathwa amabhizinisi, abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zamafu, noma ocwaningweni lwesayensi. Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi iyini i-exabyte, ukuthi iqhathaniswa kanjani namanye amayunithi okugcina, nokuthi kungani ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuya ngokuya kuvama.

Iyini i-byte futhi isebenza kanjani?

Ukuze uqonde i-exabyte, okokuqala kudingeka uqonde ukuthi iyini i- byte . I-byte iyiyunithi eyisisekelo yedatha ekubalweni futhi yakhiwe ngama-bits angu-8. I-bit iyiyunithi encane kakhulu yokugcina futhi ingaba namanani amabili angaba khona: u-0 noma u-1. Ngokuhlanganisa ama-bits angu-8, kwakheka i-byte, engamelela ulwazi olubanzi, njengezinhlamvu, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile.

Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo se-binary, ama-byte ayisisekelo sayo yonke idatha ekucutshungulweni kwamakhompyutha nakwamanye amadivayisi kagesi. Njengoba ama-byte eqoqwe ngamanani amakhulu, sithola amanye amayunithi okugcina idatha njengama-kilobyte, ama-megabyte, nama-gigabyte, awusizo kakhulu ekulinganiseni idatha. Iyunithi ngayinye yalezi iyi-multiple yeyangaphambilini; okungukuthi, i-kilobyte eli-1 (KB) ilingana nama-byte ayi-1024, i-megabyte eli-1 (MB) ilingana nama-kilobyte ayi-1024, njalo njalo.

Iyini i-exabyte futhi iqhathaniswa kanjani namanye amayunithi okugcina?

I -exabyte (EB) iyiyunithi yokugcina elingana nama-gigabyte ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane (GB) noma ama-petabyte ayinkulungwane (PB). Ngokuqondile, i-exabyte eyodwa imelela ama-byte ayi-1,000,000,000,000,000,000 . Ukuze sikubeke lokhu endaweni efanele, uma besingagcina ulwazi kuma-DVD, besizodinga ama-disc angaba yizigidi ezingu-212 ukuze alingane nomthamo we-exabyte eyodwa.

Njengoba isayizi wayo, i-exabyte isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimweni lapho inani ledatha likhulu kakhulu, njengasendabeni yokugcina ulwazi yizinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne -Google , i-Amazon, noma i-Facebook . Isibonelo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-Google yodwa igcina cishe ama-exabyte ayi-15 edatha kumaseva ayo asatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke. Leli nani elikhulu ledatha lifaka izithombe, amavidiyo, ama-imeyili , kanye nokusesha kwezigidigidi zabasebenzisi nsuku zonke.

Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi i-exabyte iqhathaniswa kanjani namanye amayunithi, ake sibheke lesi sikali sezilinganiso zesitoreji:

• 1 ikhilobhayithi = 1024 byte
• 1 megabyte = 1024 kilobytes
• 1 gigabyte = 1024 megabytes
• 1 terabyte = 1024 gigabytes
• 1 petabyte = 1024 terabytes
• 1 exabyte = 1024 petabytes

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-exabytes emhlabeni wanamuhla

Nakuba igama elithi exabyte lingase libonakale likude kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile, empeleni sikhiqiza futhi siphatha inani elikhulu lolwazi olusondela kuleli zinga lesitoreji. Esinye sezibonelo ezicacile kakhulu ithrafikhi ye-inthanethi. Ngo-2007, ithrafikhi ye-inthanethi yomhlaba wonke yayilinganiselwa phakathi kwama-exabyte ama-5 nama-9 ngonyaka. Ngo-2021, leli thrafikhi lase lifinyelele kuma-exabyte angu-2021. Lokhu kukhula kubonisa indlela ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia (amavidiyo anencazelo ephezulu, ukusakaza bukhoma, njll.) okuqhube ngayo isidingo somthamo omkhulu wesitoreji.

Esinye isibonelo esibalulekile yileso semikhakha ethile yesayensi, njenge-astronomy kanye ne-genomics. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-astronomy idinga cishe i-exabyte eyodwa yokugcina ngonyaka ukuze icubungule inani elikhulu ledatha ekhiqizwa ama-telescope nama-satellite. I-genomics, yona, ingadinga phakathi kwama -exabyte amabili kuya kwangu-40 ngonyaka ukuze igcine ulwazi olutholakala ekulandeleni izakhi zofuzo.

Izinselele zokugcinwa kwezinga le-exabyte

Ukuphatha ulwazi oluningi kangaka kuletha izinselele ezinkulu maqondana nokuphathwa, ukuphepha, kanye nokufinyeleleka . Izinkampani ezisebenza kuleli zinga kumele zisebenzise izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesikhungo sedatha futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi idatha ifinyeleleka ngokushesha kubasebenzisi nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphatha isitoreji se-exabyte kudinga ingqalasizinda efanelekile, njengezinhlelo zokugcina amafu , ezivumela ukukhuliswa kanye nokuphindaphindeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulahleka kwedatha. Izindleko zokugcinwa kanye nokuphathwa kwezinhlelo zezinga le-exabyte ziphezulu, futhi izinkampani kumele zilinganise izidingo zokugcina nezindleko zokusebenza.

I-Exabyte iqhathaniswa namanye amayunithi esitoreji: I-Petabyte, i-terabyte, nokuningi

Njengoba sikhuphuka ezikalini zokugcina, sithola ukuthi amayunithi amakhulu okulinganisa, njenge-zettabyte (ZB) kanye ne-yottabyte (YB), nawo aqala ukufaneleka. I-zettabyte eyodwa ilingana nama -exabyte angu-1024 , kanye ne-yottabyte eyodwa kuma -zettabyte angu-1024 . Nakuba la manani edatha ebonakala njengenganekwane yesayensi, izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe sezivele zisingatha amanani edatha asondela kuma-zettabyte.

Njengereferensi, ukugcina i-zettabyte eyodwa yedatha kungalingana nama -DVD angaba yizigidigidi ezingama-250 . Cabanga ngenani lolwazi olumele. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje, i-exabyte isalokhu iyunithi ewusizo kakhulu futhi elawulekayo yokuchaza ukugcinwa kwemininingwane eminingi ezinhlelweni zebhizinisi, zesayensi, kanye nohulumeni.

Ngokuphathelene nesitoreji sansuku zonke, iningi lethu liwela ngaphakathi kwamabanga e-gigabyte ne-terabyte. Isibonelo, i-hard drive yangaphandle evame ukusetshenziswa ukugcina izithombe namavidiyo ekhaya ingaba nomthamo we- terabyte eyodwa noma ezimbili . Kodwa-ke, njengoba inani ledatha liqhubeka likhula, ikakhulukazi ngokukhula kwamadivayisi e -Internet of Things ( IoT ) , ukusetshenziswa kwama-drive anomthamo ophezulu njenge-petabytes nama-exabyte kuzoba yinto evamile.

Ikusasa lesitoreji lihlobene eduze nokuphathwa okuphumelelayo kwalolu hlobo lwamayunithi amakhulu. Okwamanje, i-exabyte isalokhu iyisilinganiso esibekela inselele emcabangweni wethu futhi imele ukukhula okukhulu kolwazi enkathini yethu yedijithali.