Ukuphathwa kwensizakalo okuhlakaniphile: IoT, amandla kanye nokugcinwa kokubikezela

La ukuphathwa kwensizakalo ehlakaniphile Kushintsha indlela amadolobha, amabhizinisi, kanye nokuphathwa komphakathi abahlela, basebenze, futhi balondoloze ngayo ingqalasizinda yabo. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obufana ne-IoT, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, kungenzeka ukwenza izinqumo ngokusekelwe olwazini lwesikhathi sangempela, hhayi nje ekucabangeni noma ekubuyekezweni okwenziwa njalo.

Le ndlela entsha ivumela ukwenza ngcono izinsiza, ukunciphisa izindleko nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesevisi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene njengokuphathwa kwemfucuza, amandla, kanye nokukhanyisa komphakathi. Sizobona, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ukuthi zonke lezi zingcezu zihlangana kanjani nokuthi kungani lokhu kungaseyona inketho "yesikhathi esizayo", kodwa iqiniso izinhlangano eziningi ezilisebenzisayo ukuze zithole ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuncintisana.

Buyini ubuchwepheshe be-IoT futhi kungani buyisihluthulelo sokuphathwa okuhlakaniphile?

Uma sikhuluma nge-IoT, noma I-Intanethi YezintoSibhekisela ekhonweni lokuxhuma izinto ezibonakalayo zansuku zonke kwi-inthanethi kusetshenziswa izinzwa, amadivayisi ahlakaniphile kanye namanethiwekhi okuxhumana. Lezi zinto zingashintshana ngedatha zodwa kanye namapulatifomu amafu, zithumela ulwazi njalo futhi zamukele imiyalo noma ukucushwa ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu okuqondile.

Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi singakwazi ukunikeza "ukuhlakanipha" ezintweni ezazingazenzi lutho ngaphambilininjengezitsha zikadoti, izibani zasemgwaqweni, amamitha kagesi, izimoto, noma imishini yezimboni. Konke lokhu kuba imithombo yolwazi, ekwazi ukudlulisa isimo sazo, indawo, noma izinga lokusetshenziswa.

Ezinye zezibonelo ezaziwa kakhulu ze- izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IoT zangempela Lokhu kufaka phakathi amawashi ahlakaniphile namasongo aqapha umsebenzi wethu womzimba, izimoto ezixhunyiwe ezithumela idatha yokulungisa, kanye amakhaya ahlakaniphile ezikuvumela ukuthi ulawule ama-blinds, izibani noma ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu kusuka kufoni yakho ephathekayo, noma amadolobha ahlakaniphile ahlanganisa izinzwa ezinsizakalweni eziningi zasemadolobheni.

Inzuzo enkulu yalobu buchwepheshe ukuthi buvumela ukuqoqa idatha ngesikhathi sangempela nangezinga elikhuluLokhu akunakwenzeka ngezindlela zendabuko. Uma sekuqoqwe, lolu lwazi lungahlaziywa ukuze kutholakale amaphethini, izinto ezingavamile, noma ukuziphatha okungasebenzi kahle, okuvulela ithuba lamamodeli okuphatha asebenzayo kakhulu.

Ukuphathwa kwemfucuza okuhlakaniphile ngobuchwepheshe be-IoT

Enye yezinkambu lapho ukwenziwa kwedijithali kunethonya elikhulu kakhulu yi- ukuphathwa kwemfucuza yasemadolobheni okuhlakaniphileNgokwesiko, ukuqoqwa kukadoti kuye kwenziwa ngokulandela imizila namaza aqinile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izitsha bezicishe zingenalutho noma sezizogcwala.

Ngenxa ye-IoT, kungenzeka ukufaka izinzwa ezitsheni ezilinganisa izinga lazo lokugcwalisa, izinga lokushisa langaphakathi, noma noma ngabe kwenzeke ukugoqa, umlilo, noma isenzo sokucekela phansi. Lawa madivayisi axhuma kunethiwekhi nge Ukuxhumana kwe-M2M/IoT bese uthumela ulwazi epulatifomu eliphakathi, lapho lucutshungulwa khona ngesikhathi sangempela.

Ngalokhu kubonakala komhlaba wonke, abaphathi bangakwazi Hlela kabusha ukuqoqwa ngokusekelwe ekufunweni kwangempelaNgokulungisa imizila kanye namafrikhwensi nokubeka phambili izindawo ezikudinga kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukukhiqiza izexwayiso zezimo ezingavamile, njengezitsha ezigcwele amanzi, izigameko zokuphepha noma izinguquko ezisheshayo ekukhiqizweni kwemfucuza.

Ukonga izindleko kanye nokwenza ngcono izinsiza

Ukuba nedatha ethembekile ngezinga lokuhlala kwesitsha ngasinye kwenza kube nokwenzeka hlela imizila esebenza kahle kakhuluAmaloli okuqoqa impahla awasalandeli imizila eqinile kodwa alandela imizila eguquguqukayo, ehlanganisa kuphela izindawo lapho ukungenelela kudingeka khona ngempela.

Lokhu kuhumushela ku- ukuhamba amakhilomitha ambalwa, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kahle kwabasebenziFuthi kunciphisa ukuguguleka kwezimoto nemishini, kanye nesikhathi ezisichitha zijikeleza. Esikhathini esimaphakathi, le ndlela ikhiqiza ukwehla okukhulu kwezindleko zokusebenza, okubaluleke kakhulu kumakhansela amadolobha kanye nezinkampani zezinsizakalo zasemadolobheni.

Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yenkonzo ezakhamuzini

Ukuphathwa okuhlakaniphile nakho kunomthelela ku- ulwazi olungcono lomsebenzisiUkuba nombono wangempela ngesimo sezitsha kusiza ukugwema izinto ezivamile njengokugcwala kukadoti noma izindawo ezingcolile izinsuku eziningi.

Izinzwa zenza kube lula ukwazi ukuthi isitsha sigcwele, sonakele, noma sivinjiwe, futhi ipulatifomu yokuphatha ingakwazi dala izehlakalo ezizenzakalelayo Lokhu kuvumela amaqembu asensimini ukuthi aphendule ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuza, imililo, noma ukwebiwa kwezitsha kungatholakala, okuthuthukisa kokubili ukuphepha kanye nokulondolozwa kwempahla.

Ukuthuthukisa ukuvuselelwa kabusha kanye nokuqwashisa ngemvelo

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ikhono lokuthola imininingwane eningiliziwe ku- uhlobo luni lwemfucuza olukhiqizwayo futhi ngamanani amangakiLolu lwazi lusiza ohulumeni nezinkampani ukuthi baklame imikhankaso yokuqwashisa ethuthukisiwe kakhulu, egxile ezindaweni, ezindaweni noma emaqenjini lapho kutholakala khona imikhuba emibi kakhulu yokuhlukana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangathuthukisa izinhlelo zokukhuthaza kanye nemivuzo Ngokusekelwe ekuziphatheni kwangempela komsebenzisi, njengamabhonasi emiphakathini ephinda isebenzise okuningi noma izinhlelo zokubuyisela imali kanye nemivuzo (njengokuthi "khokha njengoba uphonsa" noma imivuzo yokufaka imali). Ukuba nezinkomba eziqondile kwenza kube lula ukukala umthelela walezi zinhlelo nokulungisa amasu ngokufanele.

Izixazululo ezikhethekile ze-IoT zokuphathwa kwemfucuza ehlakaniphile

Ukuze yonke le ndlela yokusebenza isebenze, ukufaka nje izinzwa ezitsheni akwanele; kudingeka ikhambi lokuxhumana elivikelekile nelizinzile, elenzelwe amadivayisi, ezimweni eziningi, asebenza ngaphandle neminyaka. Yilapho-ke Izinsizakalo ze-M2M/IoT kanye namapulatifomu okuphatha ezixhumanisa umhlaba ongokoqobo nomhlaba wedijithali.

Abahlinzeki bezokuxhumana be-IoT abakhethekile banikeza izinsizakalo ezinkampanini zomphakathi nezizimele. Amakhadi e-SIM e-M2M aklanyelwe izindawo ezibucayiLawa madivayisi asekela impilo yebhethri ende, asebenza ngamandla aphansi, futhi aqinisekisa ukuphepha kwedatha eshintshisanayo. Lolu hlobo lokuxhumana lubalulekile ukuze izinzwa zokugcwalisa, izinga lokushisa, noma isikhundla zidlulisele ulwazi njalo.

Ukuxhumeka okuphephile kweziqukathi nezinzwa

Amakhadi e-SIM e-M2M IoT, ahlanganiswe nezinzwa zesitsha, avumela ukuthi abe xhuma kumanethiwekhi eselula aklanyelwe ngqo amadivayisiNgokungafani ne-SIM evamile, lezi zixazululo zenzelwe ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesevisi, zinikeze izinhlelo zedatha ezilungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa njalo kwamaphakethe amancane olwazi, futhi zenze kube lula ukubhaliswa nokuphathwa kwemishini eminingi.

Ukuqapha okuhlanganisiwe kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha

Yonke idatha ekhiqizwe yiziqukathi nezimoto zokuqoqa ihlanganiswe ku- ipulatifomu yokuphatha iwebhulapho idatha iboniswa khona ngesikhathi sangempela ngamaphaneli, amamephu, namagrafu. Kusukela kule khonsoli, abaphathi bangahlola izinga lokugcwalisa lephuzu ngalinye, izinga lokushisa, indawo, isimo sedivayisi, noma yiziphi izexwayiso ezikhiqizwe.

Ithuluzi alibonisi nje ulwazi, kodwa futhi livumela lungiselela imithetho kanye nokwenza okuzenzakalelayo ukuze izimo ezithile zibangele izenzo ezithile: isibonelo, ukubeka phambili indawo emzileni olandelayo uma izitsha eziningana zidlula izinga elithile lokuhlala, noma ukuthumela isaziso esisheshayo kusevisi yesigameko uma kutholwa ushintsho lokushisa olungazelelwe olungabonisa umlilo.

Ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlelo zebhizinisi

Isici esinamandla kakhulu salezi zixazululo ukuthi kungenzeka hlanganisa idatha yemfucuza nezinye izinhlelo zangaphakathinjengokuphathwa kwezimoto, ukukhokhisa, izinhlelo zokuthengisa amathikithi ezigameko, noma amapulatifomu okuphatha nge-elekthronikhi.

Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumanisa okubushelelezi kakhulu phakathi kweminyangoImizila yamaloli ingathuthukiswa ngesikhathi sangempela, izindleko zabelwe ngokunembe kakhudlwana, izehlakalo ziqoshwa futhi zilandelwe ngendlela elandelekayo, kanti abaphathi banezibalo ezithembekile zokuhlela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi esizayo noma bathethelele izinqumo emphakathini.

Ukuphathwa kwamandla okuhlakaniphile: ukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ukuze kutholakale ukusebenza kahle

Ngale kokuchitha imali, enye yezindawo lapho umthelela wokwenziwa kwedijithali ubonakala khona kakhulu... ukuphathwa kwamandla okukhaliphileKumabhizinisi amaningi, izindleko zikagesi, igesi, noma ezinye izinto zibhekwa njengezingalawuleki, zibuyekezwa kuphela uma kufika ibhili ephezulu kunokuvamile.

Ukuphathwa kwamandla okuhlakaniphile kusikisela indlela ehlukile: ukusuka ekusabeleni ezindleleni zokukhokha kuya ekubhekeni ukusetshenziswa kwemali kusengaphambiliUkusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali obuvumela ukuqapha, ukuhlaziya, kanye nokwenza ngcono amandla ngesikhathi sangempela, imfucuza iyahlonzwa, ukungalingani kuyalungiswa kusenesikhathi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kulungiswa ngokwezidingo zangempela zebhizinisi.

Luhlanganisani uhlelo lokuphatha amandla oluhlakaniphile?

Empeleni, lolu hlobo lwesistimu lusekelwe ku- ukuxhumana kwamamitha ahlakaniphile nezinzwa kusatshalaliswa kuyo yonke indawo: amaphaneli kagesi, imigqa yokuphakelwa eyinhloko, imishini yokupholisa umoya, ama-motor, izinhlelo zokukhanyisa, ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, njll.

Zonke lezi zixhobo ziqoqa idatha enemininingwane eminingi mayelana amandla asetshenziswa kanjani, nini futhi kuphiUlwazi luthunyelwa endaweni eyodwa, ngokuvamile efwini, lapho kugcinwa futhi kucutshungulwa khona inani elikhulu ledatha yomlando neyesikhathi sangempela.

Ukusuka lapho, ama-algorithms aqala ukusebenza ubuhlakani bokufakelwa nokufunda ngomshini ezikwazi ukubona amaphethini, ukuhlonza ukungasebenzi kahle okufihliwe, ukubikezela iziqongo zesidingo kanye nokuncoma ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo ukuze kugcinwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwemingcele ethile yokusebenza kahle.

Ukwehliswa kwezindleko zokusebenza

Enye yezinzuzo ezibonakala kakhulu zokuphathwa kwamandla ahlakaniphile yi- ukuncishiswa okuqondile kwebhili yamandlaUhlelo luqokomisa ukusetshenziswa okuvame ukunganakwa, njengemishini eshiywe ngaphandle kwamahora okusebenza ajwayelekile, umoya opholile ongalungiswanga kahle, noma izinqubo ezisebenza ngesikhathi esingekho isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle kwesidingo sangempela.

Ngalolu lwazi, kungenzeka hlela kabusha izikhathi, shintsha imiyalelo, futhi uthuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwemishiniukubeka phambili izikhathi ngamanani angcono kanye nokuqeda ukusetshenziswa "okungekuhle". Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani zingaxoxisana ngezinkontileka zazo zamandla ngolwazi olukhulu, zivumelanise amazinga kagesi, amanani, kanye nezimo ukuze zihambisane nephrofayili yazo yangempela yokusetshenziswa.

Ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kanye nokugcinwa kokuvimbela

Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo akusizi nje kuphela ekusebenziseni imali encane, kodwa futhi kusize gcina imishini isesimweni sayo sokusebenza esifaneleUma injini, iphampu, noma uhlelo lokupholisa umoya luqala ukusebenzisa okungaphezu kokujwayelekile ukuze lwenze umsebenzi ofanayo, ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle.

Ngenxa yokuhlaziywa kwezitayela, kungenzeka thola amaphutha okuqala noma ukuphambuka kokusebenza ngaphambi kokuba kuholele ekuhlulekeni okukhulu noma ekumisweni kokukhiqiza. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukulungiswa kokuvimbela okuphumelelayo kakhulu, kwandise impilo ewusizo yezimpahla futhi kugweme ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza okungalindelekile.

Ukuzinza kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wenkampani

Emongweni wokwenyuka kwamanani kagesi kanye nokukhathazeka okukhulayo ngezemvelo, ukuphathwa kwamandla okuhlakaniphile kuba ithuluzi eliyinhloko lokunciphisa ukunyatheliswa kwekhabhoniUkusetshenziswa okuncane kusho ukukhishwa okuncane komoya okuhambisanayo kanye nokuhambisana kangcono nemigomo yokuzinza kanye nemithethonqubo eyandayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba nedatha enembile yokusetshenziswa nokonga kuvumela izinkampani baveze intuthuko yabo ekusebenzeni kahle ngendlela esobala, bathuthukise idumela labo futhi bafanelekele izitifiketi zemvelo noma usizo lomphakathi oluhlobene nokususwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokuguquka kwamandla.

Izinqumo ezisekelwe kudatha yangempela

Uhlelo lokuphatha amandla oluhlakaniphile luguqula lokho okwakuyizikweletu zenyanga ezilula kube umthombo ulwazi oluhlelekile lokwenza izinqumoLabo abaphethe akusadingeki bathembele ekuqondeni, kodwa banokufinyelela kumashadi, izinkomba kanye nokuqhathanisa okubonisa ukuvela kokusetshenziswa kanye nomthelela wezinyathelo ezisetshenzisiwe.

Ngalesi sisekelo, kulula kakhulu. ukubeka phambili ukutshalwa kwezimali ekusebenziseni kahle amandlaLokhu kuvumela ukuthethelela ukuthengwa noma ukushintshwa kwemishini ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kwamandla aphansi, noma ukukhetha izindawo zesitshalo lapho kunengqondo kakhulu ukuthatha isinyathelo kuqala. Amandla ayayeka ukuba yibhokisi elimnyama futhi abe yindawo elawulekayo nelawulwayo.

Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko obuqhuba amandla ahlakaniphile

Ngemuva kwalezi zinhlelo sithola izingxenye eziningana zobuchwepheshe ezisebenza ndawonye: izinzwa ezihlakaniphile namamitha, i-IoT, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye namapulatifomu okubukaNgayinye inikela ngengxenye yayo ekufinyeleleni ukulawula okuhle kakhulu kokusetshenziswa.

Amamitha abamba ukugeleza kukagesi, igesi, noma amanzi ezindaweni eziqondiwe, i-IoT ithumela leyo datha efwini, i-AI iyihlaziya ukuze ifinyelele iziphetho eziwusizo, kanye namapulatifomu okuphatha. Bethula ulwazi ngendlela ecacile nesebenzisekayo., ngamaphaneli okulawula avumelaniswe namaphrofayela abasebenzisi ahlukene (ochwepheshe, abaphathi, ukunakekelwa, njll.).

Ukulungiswa okuhlakaniphile kokubikezela ekukhanyeni komphakathi

Esinye isifunda esishintsha kakhulu yi- ukugcinwa kwezinhlelo zokukhanyisa zomphakathi, ingqalasizinda eyisisekelo kunoma yimuphi umasipala futhi enomthelela oqondile ekuphepheni, ekuhambeni kanye nombono wezakhamuzi ngendawo yasemadolobheni.

Ngokwesiko, ukulungiswa kwezibani zasemgwaqweni kuye kwathembela ekuhlolweni okwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile noma ekungeneleleni kokulungisa lapho umhlali ebika ukuthi isibani sasemgwaqweni sivaliwe. Kodwa-ke, izindlela ezintsha zokwenza lokhu Ukulungiswa kokubikezela okusebenzisa i-AI Zisivumela ukuthi silindele ukwehluleka futhi sithuthukise izinsiza ezinikezelwe ekuxhashazweni nasekulondolozweni.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithombo eminingi yedatha

Amapulatifomu okulungisa izibani zasemgwaqweni ahlakaniphile asebenzisa idatha evela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene: izinzwa ezifakwe ezibanini, ulwazi oluvela kumaphaneli okulawula, umlando wesigameko, isitokwe sempahla, izimo zemvelo noma amaphethini okusetshenziswa kwesikhala sasemadolobheni.

Lolu lwazi lucutshungulwa ngesikhathi sangempela kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms ukuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwaLezi zinhlelo ziyakwazi ukubona izinto ezingavamile, izitayela zokuwohloka, kanye nokuziphatha okungavamile. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwezincomo zokuhlela ukungenelela ngaphambi kokuba ukuphazamiseka kubonakale emphakathini.

Izincomo zokubikezela kanye nemithi yokwelapha imisebenzi

Esikhundleni sokwazisa abasebenzisi ngokwehluleka uma sekwenzekile, ipulatifomu ingakwazi lindela izenzakalo ezingaba khonaIsibonelo, uma ibona ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokusetshenziswa komugqa wokukhanyisa noma ukudlidliza okungavamile kusethi yezibani, ingase iphakamise ukuhlolwa kokuvimbela noma ukushintshwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lusiza bhala imisebenzi ethile yokulungisa lokho okumele kwenziwe, kubekwe phambili lezo ezinomthelela omkhulu ekutholakaleni kwezinsizakalo kanye nokwandisa isikhathi sokusebenziseka kwezimpahla. Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kangcono kwezinsizakusebenza zabantu nezinto ezibonakalayo, kugxilwe emizamweni lapho idingeka khona ngempela.

Ukuthuthukisa okusekelwe ekusebenzeni, izindleko, kanye nendawo

Inzuzo eyinhloko yale misebenzi ukuthi ihlinzeka ngabaphathi Ulwazi oluhlelwe ngokwemigomo yokusebenza, izindleko kanye nendawoNgale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuqhathanisa ukuziphatha kwezindawo ezahlukene zedolobha, ukuhlola ukuthi yimaphi amamodeli okukhanyisa asebenza kahle kakhulu, noma ukuhlonza izindawo ezinezigameko eziphezulu.

Ipulatifomu isiza i ukulandelela okugcwele kwempahla ngayinyeLokhu kufaka phakathi ulwazi lokuthi ukukhanya kwafakwa nini, ukuthi yikuphi ukungenelela okuye kwenzeka, ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwako kubize malini, kanye nokusebenza kwakho kwamanje. Ngalokhu kulandeleka, izinqumo mayelana nokuvuselelwa kokukhanya, ukuguqulwa kwe-LED, noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokukhanyisa ezisekelwe esikhathini kusekelwe kudatha eqinile.

Umthelela ekuncintisaneni kanye nekhwalithi yesevisi

Esimweni sokukhuphuka kwamanani kagesi nezinto zokusetshenziswa, kunezinhlelo isincomo kanye nokwenza ngcono okusekelwe kudatha Kuba yinto ebalulekile ukugcina ukuncintisana kwezinkampani eziphatha ingqalasizinda nezinsizakalo zasemadolobheni.

Ukulungiswa kokubikezela ekukhanyeni komphakathi kuvumela Ukwandisa impilo ewusizo yezimpahla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesevisi lokho izakhamuzi ezikubonayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhulula izinsiza ezingabelwa kwezinye izintuthuko edolobheni, okunegalelo emodelini yokuphatha esimeme futhi esebenza kahle kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani.

Zonke lezi zibonelo—kusukela ekuphathweni kwemfucuza ehlakaniphile kuya kumandla kanye nokukhanyisa emgwaqweni—zibonisa ukuthi inhlanganisela ye-IoT, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa iqhuba kanjani indlela entsha yokuphatha izinsizakalo ezibalulekileIzinhlangano ezamukela la mamodeli zithola ukulawula okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwazo, zinciphise izindleko, zithuthukise ulwazi lomsebenzisi, futhi ziqinise ukuzibophezela kwazo ekuzinzeni, zizibeka phambili ekuguqulweni kwedijithali ezinsizakalweni zasemadolobheni nezamabhizinisi.