Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthola ifomethi yefayela ngaphandle kwesandiso

Ukuthola ifayela kukhompyutha yakho elingenaso isandiso kungaba yinto edidayo, okungenani,. Kuyisimo esivame kakhulu kunalokho ongase ucabange: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yokulandwa okuphazamisekile, uhlelo olufihla izandiso, noma ngisho nokuzama ukufihla ubunjalo bangempela befayela, ekugcineni ubhekene nombuzo wezigidi zamaRandi: Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi hlobo luni lwefayela enginalo nokuthi yiluphi uhlelo olungalivula? Uma lokhu kwenzekile kuwe, ungakhathazeki, lesi sihloko sizokuqondisa igxathu negxathu ngezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlonza amafomethi angaziwa futhi sikufundise ukuthi ungayivikela kanjani idivayisi yakho ezingozini ezingaba khona.

Ngaphandle kwezixazululo ezivamile zokubuka izithonjana noma ukufaka engozini yokuvula ifayela ngokungaboni, kunezindlela namaqhinga asebenza kahle kakhulu okuthola uhlobo lwefayela ngisho noma kungekho isandiso esibonakalayo. Nasi umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhlonza nokuvula noma yiliphi ifayela eliyimfihlakalo eliwela indlela yakho.

Kungani ifayela lingashiywa ngaphandle kwesandiso?

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukufuna izixazululo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ungathola ifayela elingenaso isandiso ohlelweni lwakho. Ngokuvamile, amagama efayela afaka isandiso (isibonelo, .txt, .jpg, .exe), esiza uhlelo lokusebenza nezinhlelo ukuthi zazi ukuthi zingasisingatha kanjani. Kodwa kunezimo eziningana lapho leso sandiso singanyamalala noma singatholakali kahle:

• Isandiso sisuswe ngephutha noma silungiswe: Kwesinye isikhathi uma uqamba kabusha ifayela, ungasusa isandiso salo ungaqondile, okwenza kube nzima ukwazi ifomethi.
• Amafayela adalwe izinhlelo ezithile noma ezingajwayelekile: Amanye amafayela asebenzisa amafomethi aqondene nezinhlelo ezithile futhi, ngaphandle kwesandiso, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuwabona lapho uthi shazi.
• Amafayela alandwe ku-inthanethi: Izikhathi eziningi, lapho ulanda amafayela kuwebhu, isiphequluli asisigcini isandiso sokuqala. Kungase futhi kwenzeke uma ukulanda kuphazamiseka noma kwehluleka.
• Imizamo yokufihla imvelo yefayela: Kwesinye isikhathi amafayela anonya asusa noma asebenzise isandiso ukuze adukise abasebenzisi futhi agweme ukutholwa kwe-antivirus.

Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, isihluthulelo kuzoba ukuhlonza ifomethi yangempela yefayela ngaphambi kokulivula , ukugwema izingozi noma ukuchitha isikhathi.

Okokuqala hlola ukuthi ingabe isandiso silahlekile ngempela

Ngaphambi kokuthi uxazulule izinto ngokufuna amathuluzi angaphandle, hlola ukuthi ngabe isandiso asikho ngempela noma sifihliwe nje . Ngezinye izikhathi iWindows (noma ezinye izinhlelo) ifihla izandiso ngokuzenzakalelayo. Nansi indlela yokuqiniseka:

• Vula I-File Explorer (Win + E ku-Windows).
• Iya kumenyu Vista futhi wenze kusebenze inketho Izandiso zegama lefayela.
• Manje kufanele ubone zonke izandiso zefayela. Uma ifayela lisengenaso isandiso, kusho ukuthi usilahlekele ngempela.

Uma ngemva kokwenza lokhu kusebenze ubona ukuthi ifayela livela kuphela njengokuthi "Ifayela" noma ngesithonjana esijwayelekile, siyazi ukuthi kuzodingeka sisebenzise ezinye izindlela.

Izixazululo Ezisheshayo: Amathuluzi Aku-inthanethi Nezinsiza Ezikhethekile

Kulezi zinsuku, ukuhlonza ifomethi yangempela yefayela ngaphandle kwesandiso akunzima kangako ngenxa yamathuluzi aku-inthanethi nezinhlelo ezizinikele ezikwenzela umsebenzi. Nazi izinketho ezisebenza kahle kakhulu:

• Isihlonzi Sefayela se-Toolsley.com: Kuyinkundla yewebhu yamahhala esebenza ngokuhudula nokuwisa ifayela. Awudingi ukufaka noma yini, futhi ngemizuzwana ikukhombisa uhlobo lwefayela nesandiso esinconyiwe. Iwusizo kakhulu uma ungafuni izinkinga zobuchwepheshe.
• FILExt futhi FILEInfo: Kunjalo yolwazi kwezandiso zefayela ezikuvumela ukuthi ulayishe amafayela ukuze ahlaziywe. Baphinde banikeze ulwazi ngezinhlelo ezihambisanayo nezincomo zokuzivula.
• Isihlonzi Sefayela le-TrIDNet: Ithuluzi elihle kakhulu kulabo abafuna isixazululo sezobuchwepheshe. Iqhathanisa okuqukethwe kwefayela ngokumelene nesizindalwazi salo samasiginesha edijithali futhi iphakamisa kokubili isandiso esifanele nezinhlelo zokuyivula.
• Vula Nge futhi I-Smart File AdvisorLezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zomhlaba wonke zihlaziya ifayela futhi zinikeze uhlu lwezinhlelo zamahhala ezihambisanayo. Abanye ngisho Bahlola ukuthi ifayela lihlotshaniswa yini nesofthiwe enonya.

Lezi zixazululo zigqama ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwazo kalula kanye nesivinini, kodwa kufanele zibe umugqa wokuqala wokuhlasela ngaphambi kokudlulela ezindleleni eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Hlela ama-Hexadecimal: Ihlaziya "izigxivizo zeminwe" zefayela

Kulabo abafuna ukuya phambili, abahleli be-hexadecimal balungele ukuhlola okuqukethwe kwefayela ukuthola izinkomba mayelana nefomethi yalo. Izinhlelo ezifana ne-HxD noma amathuluzi aku-inthanethi afana ne-Hexed.it akuvumela ukuthi uvule ifayela futhi ubuke ama-byte alo okuqala ambalwa, lapho "isihloko" noma isiginesha sefayela sivame ukutholakala khona.

Lezi zisayini ziyizilandelano zezinhlamvu ezihlukile ezikhomba uhlobo lwefayela, njenge-"FF D8" yezithombe ze-JPEG noma i-"25 50 44 46" yama -PDF . Ngokuvula ifayela ngomhleli we-hex nokusesha lezi zilandelano, unganquma uhlobo lwefayela ngesandla.

Kodwa-ke, uma ungajwayelene ne-hexadecimal, kungase kubonakale sengathi kuyinto engaqondakali, kodwa iziqondiso eziningi namashadi aku-inthanethi akusiza ukuthi uqhathanise amafomethi aqashelwayo. Ukuze uthole ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe, ungabheka nokuthi ungayishintsha kanjani ifomethi yevidiyo ngaphandle kwesofthiwe.

Ithuluzi elikhulu le-Linux neWindows: ifayela

Uma usebenzisa i-Linux noma une-console ehambisanayo efakiwe ku- Windows , insizakalo ye-terminal ebizwa ngokuthi `ifayela` isebenza kahle kakhulu. Iza ifakwe kusengaphambili kokusatshalaliswa okuningi kwe-Linux futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye amafayela ngalinye ngalinye noma ngamaqoqo ukuze ikutshele ukuthi anamafomethi anjani, kungakhathalekile ukuthi abizwa ngani.

• Vele uthayiphe itheminali indlela yefayela/ye/the/file futhi uhlelo lubuyisela uhlobo lwefayela lwangempela.
• Ku-Windows, ungayisebenzisa ngokusebenzisa I-WSL (I-Windows Subsystem ye-Linux), Git bash o Cygwin. Kukhona futhi izinguqulo ezithile ezihlanganisiwe zeWindows.

Inzuzo enkulu yaleli thuluzi yisizindalwazi salo esikhulu samasignesha , okwenza lingabi naphutha ngisho namafayela angavamile futhi angenakwandiswa.

Hlaziya ifayela ngokombono wesofthiwe

Kubasebenzisi noma onjiniyela abaningi bezobuchwepheshe, kunezindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlaziya amafayela ngqo kusuka kukhodi . Isibonelo, endaweni ye-Windows, ungasebenzisa i- DirectShow API , ekhomba isakhiwo se-multimedia samafomethi amaningi, noma uhlole i-header yefayela usebenzisa i-C++ bese uthola uhlobo lwefayela kuyo.

Isihluthulelo ukuqhathanisa isandiso esingaba khona (uma sikhona) nohlobo lwefayela langempela olutholiwe ; uma kukhona ukungafani, ifayela kungenzeka lonakele noma liphazanyisiwe. Ochwepheshe bangasebenzisa amakilasi afana ne -IMediaDet ukuhlaziya imethadatha ngaleyo ndlela babone ngokunembile amafayela e-multimedia, izithombe, noma ama-executable, yize le ndlela idinga ulwazi oluthile lokuhlela.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma ungakwazi ukuvula ifayela?

Ngisho nangemva kokuhlola ifayela ngawo wonke lawa mathuluzi, ungase ungakwazi ukulivula. Kulezi zimo:

• Hlola umthombo bese ucela ifayela ngenye ifomethi. Kwesinye isikhathi umthumeli angakwazi ukuyidlulisela ngesandiso esifanele.
• Buyekeza noma ufake isofthiwe entsha ehambisanayo ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zamafomethi.
• Sesha abaguquleli be-inthanethi ezikuvumela ukuthi uguqule ifayela elingaziwa libe yifomethi evamile.
• Vula izinkundla ezikhethekile noma imiphakathi: abasebenzisi abaningi badlule entweni efanayo futhi bangase babe nesixazululo, kodwa qaphela imithombo engaziwa.

Okokugcina, ungawakhiphi amathuba okuthi ifayela lingonakala, ikakhulukazi uma kuwumphumela wokulanda okuhlulekile, noma ukuthi empeleni kungaba isofthiwe enonya efihliwe.

Izinyathelo zokuqapha lapho uphatha amafayela angaziwa

Kuhlale kukuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuvula amafayela avela emithonjeni engaziwa kunezingozi ezithile ekuphepheni kwakho kanye nobumfihlo bakho. Ukuze unciphise izinkinga:

• Ungawavuli amafayela kubathumeli abangaziwa. noma ukuthi ulande emakhasini angathembekile.
• Hlala uskena ifayela nge-a ukuvuselelwa kwama-antivirus ngaphambi kokuzama ukuyivula.
• Gwema ukunika amandla ukuhlela okukhulu noma ukuziqhuba, ikakhulukazi kumadokhumenti e-Office.
• Gcina isistimu nezinhlelo zakho kusesikhathini samanje ukuvikela ebuthakathakeni obaziwayo.
• Hlola isandiso sangempela ngemva kokukhomba ifomethi futhi usole uma singajwayelekile noma izinguquko ngemva kokuvulwa ithuluzi.
• Yenza izipele ezivamile yolwazi lwakho olubalulekile uma kwenzeka kuphakama inkinga.

Uhlu lwezandiso ezivamile kanye nomsebenzi wazo

Uma uthola isandiso ngemva kokuhlaziya ifayela, nalu uhlu lwezandiso ezivame kakhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo ukuze ukwazi ukuhlonza ngokushesha ukuthi zingezaluphi uhlelo:

• .txt: Ifayela lombhalo elingenalutho
• .jpg, .jpeg: Isithombe se-JPEG
• .png: Isithombe se-Portable Network Graphics
• .pdf: Idokhumenti Ephathekayo (i-Adobe PDF)
• .doc, .docx: Imibhalo ye Microsoft Word
• .xls, .xlsx: Amaspredishithi we I-Microsoft Excel
• .ppt, .pptx: Izethulo ze-PowerPoint
• .mp3: Umsindo we-MPEG layer 3
• .wav: Umsindo we-Wave
• .avi: Umsindo nevidiyo ehambisanayo
• .mp4, .mpeg, .mpg: Ividiyo ye-MPEG
• .exe: IWindows iyasebenziseka
• .zip, .rar: Amafayela acindezelwe
• .gif, .bmp, .tiff: Izithombe ngamafomethi ahlukene
• .ini: Ifayela lokucushwa
• .iso: Isithombe sediski
• .html, .htm: Amakhasi ewebhu
• .dll: I-Dynamic Link Library
• .bat: Ingobo yomlando ye imiyalo ngenqwaba

Futhi ngingaqhubeka nohlu olukhulu, kodwa okungenhla kuhlanganisa izimo eziningi ozohlangabezana nazo.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungashintsha Kanjani Ifomethi Yevidiyo Ngaphandle Kwezinhlelo

Ukuhlonza ifomethi yefayela lapho isandiso singekho kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi ekuqaleni. Nokho, ngamathuluzi afanele nezeluleko, le nqubo ilula kakhulu futhi iphephile. Kusukela ekuhloleni izandiso ezifihliwe kuya ekusebenziseni izinkundla ze-inthanethi, abahleli be-hexadecimal, noma izinsiza zokugcina, unezinsiza eziningi zokuvimbela ifayela elingaziwa ukuthi lingabi yinkinga futhi.

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.