I-Get-ComputerInfo vs. SystemInfo: Umehluko Wangempela, Ukusetshenziswa, Namaqhinga

Ukuqhathanisa i-Get-ComputerInfo ne-systeminfo.exe kuwumbuzo ovelayo phakathi kwabaphathi abafuna indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi “ehlanzekile” yemishini yokusungula Windows. Nakuba zombili zibuyisela ulwazi lwesistimu, Aziphathi ngendlela efanayo, azenzi okufanayo futhi azinikezi uhlobo olufanayo lokuphumayo., enemithelela eqondile yokuzenzakalela, ukubika nokwenza ukude.

Kulesi sihloko uzothola umhlahlandlela ophelele okuhlanganisa izinqubo zangempela, ama-nuances wokusebenza, tricks ngepayipi le I-PowerShell kanye nemininingwane esobala kancane njenge ukuthola izihloko ku-systeminfo noma kungani -Get-ComputerInfo impahla ubuyisela izinto Ngisho nalapho ucela inkambu eyodwa. Yonke into ichazwa ngeSpanishi, ngezibonelo ezicacile nezisombululo zamaphutha ajwayelekile uma usebenzisana namakhompyutha akude.

Iyini i-systeminfo.exe

i-systeminfo.exe iyinsiza yomugqa womyalo wakudala imiyalo ukuze ufake iphrofayili ikhompuyutha ye-Windows. Itholakala ezinguqulweni ezindala (Windows XP Professional) kuya Windows 11, futhi itholakala ku %windir%system32systeminfo.exe (nakuma-64-bit systems futhi) % windir%\SysWOW64\systeminfo.exe). Ibonisa izilungiselelo zesistimu yokusebenza, ulwazi lokuvikeleka, i-ID yomkhiqizo, kanye nezakhiwo ze hardware njengoba I-RAM, isikhala sediski noma amakhadi enethiwekhi.

Inzuzo enkulu ukutholakala kwayo yonke indawo: Ikhona cishe kuwo wonke amasistimu wokusebenza we-Windows. Kodwa inomkhawulo owodwa omkhulu: ukuphuma kutholakalaLokhu kusho ukuthi amagama ezakhiwo afana nokuthi “Inkumbulo Yomzimba Etholakalayo” nge-English angase abonakale ngendlela ehlukile kwezinye izilimi, okwenza kube nzima ukuzenzela okuncike kuleyo nhlokweni.

Naphezu kokuba ithuluzi "elidala", liyaguquguquka ngokumangalisayo: Isekela amafomethi okukhiphayo ngokushintsha /FO (Ithebula, Uhlu, CSV) kanye angathintana namakhompyutha akude usebenzisa /S okweqembu, /U okomsebenzisi kanye /P okwephasiwedi. Lokhu kuyenza isebenziseke ekufakweni kwempahla esheshayo uma ungafuni ukusetha amaseshini e-PowerShell akude.

Yini i-Get-ComputerInfo

I-Get-ComputerInfo iyi-cmdlet eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kusukela ku-Windows PowerShell 5.1 (iyatholakala ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-Windows Server 2016) ukuthi ihlanganisa izakhiwo zesistimu ne-OS zibe into eyodwa. Ingabe itholakala kuphela ku-Windows futhi ibuyisela izimo zohlobo Microsoft.PowerShell.Management.ComputerInfo namakhulu ezakhiwo ezibaliwe.

Inzuzo yayo enkulu ukuthi okukhiphayo kugxile entweni kusukela kumzuzu wokuqala.: awudingi ukuhlaziya umbhalo. Ungayidlulisela epayipini, ifomethi, hlunga futhi uthumele ngokwemvelo ngama-cmdlets afana Khetha-Into, Uhlu Lwefomethi, Hlunga-Into o Thumela-Csv. Imininingwane eyengeziwe kulo mhlahlandlela.

Ipharamitha -Property yamukela uchungechunge lwezintambo (String[]) futhi isekela amakhadi asendle. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe amasethi athile wezakhiwo (isibonelo, zonke izakhiwo ezihlobene nazo I-BIOS con *BIOS*) noma uhlu oluncane njenge OSName, TimeZone, OSProductType. Okubalulekile: Isibizo se-Get-ComputerInfo sithi gin, uma kwenzeka uhlangana nemibhalo efushanisiwe.

Umehluko oyinhloko kanye nesikhathi sokusebenzisa ngakunye

Okukhiphayo kanye nohlobo lwedatha: systeminfo.exe ikhiqiza uthumelela abanye imiyalezo (nakuba kungaba yi-CSV), edinga ukuguqulelwa ezintweni ukuze zisebenze kahle ku-PowerShell; I-Get-ComputerInfo iyabuya izinto ezicebile isilungele ipayipi. Le nsiza isiza ukuqonda kangcono inqubo.

Ukusebenza: Imithombo iyavuma lokho I-Get-ComputerInfo ihamba kancane. Cela izakhiwo ezimbalwa nge -Impahla ayihumushi ekuthuthukisweni okubalulekile, njengoba iqoqa ulwazi oluningi noma kunjalo. Systeminfo.exe ngokuvamile ngokushesha okukhulu, ikakhulukazi nge-CSV.

Isilawuli kude: systeminfo.exe iyanikela /S, /U, /P ngemibuzo ekude; Thola-ComputerInfo ayinayo -ComputerName noma -CimSession, ngakho udinga ukusebenzisa I-Invoke-Command noma amaseshini e-PowerShell akude (WinRM). Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, vakashela lo mhlahlandlela.

systeminfo.exe epayipini: kusuka embhalweni kuya ezintweni

Indlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokusebenzisa i-systeminfo ku-PowerShell ukucela i-CSV futhi uguqulele ezintweni nge GuqulaFrom-Csv. Ngale ndlela, ungakhetha futhi usebenze ezakhiweni ngaphandle kwe-regex noma ukunqampuna ngesandla.

$objetos = systeminfo.exe /FO CSV | ConvertFrom-Csv
$objetos.'Available Physical Memory'

Inkinga enkulu izihloko: Kwezinye izilimi, izakhiwo zizohluka, okuphula imibhalo. Ukugwema lokhu, kwenza unhlokweni futhi esikhundleni sawo ufake amagama angaguquki futhi azinzile.

$headers = 1..30 | ForEach-Object { "Property$_" }
$objetos = systeminfo.exe /FO CSV |
  Select-Object -Skip 1 |
  ConvertFrom-Csv -Header $headers

$objetos.Property23

Inketho enhle nakakhulu iwukuchaza amagama akho ekholomu kusukela ekuqaleni. Isibonelo, bhala wonke amakholomu anamagama acacile njenge HostName, OSName, OSVersion, TotalPhysicalMemory, Njll

$headers = 'HostName','OSName','OSVersion','OSManufacturer','OSConfiguration','OSBuildType',
  'RegisteredOwner','RegisteredOrganization','ProductID','OriginalInstallDate','SystemBootTime',
  'SystemManufacturer','SystemModel','SystemType','Processors','BIOSVersion','WindowsDirectory',
  'SystemDirectory','BootDevice','SystemLocale','InputLocale','TimeZone','TotalPhysicalMemory',
  'AvailablePhysicalMemory','VirtualMemoryMaxSize','VirtualMemoryAvailable','VirtualMemoryInUse',
  'PageFileLocations','Domain','LogonServer','Hotfix','NetworkCard','HyperVRequirements'

$objetos = systeminfo.exe /FO CSV |
  Select-Object -Skip 1 |
  ConvertFrom-Csv -Header $headers

$objetos.ProductID

Le ndlela iqeda izinkinga zolimi futhi yenza ipayipi lakho libe namandla.. Ukwengeza, ungakwazi ukuthekelisa ku-CSV, JSON, noma ulawule isakhiwo ngasinye ngaphandle kokungaqondakali.

Thola-ComputerInfo: Ukukhetha Izakhiwo Nokufometha

Imininingwane edida abantu abaningi ukuthi, lapho ucela indawo eyodwa nge -Impahla, i-cmdlet iyabuya into enaleyo mpahla, hhayi inani "elingenalutho". Isizathu yi-convention: -Indawo iyiyunithi yezinhlamvu[], futhi yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi, ngezakhiwo eziningana, uthole into nazo. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka Lesi sihloko.

$info = Get-ComputerInfo -Property OSName, TimeZone, OSProductType
Write-Output $info

# En formato lista
$info | Format-List

Uma nje ufuna inani lesakhiwo, kufanele ukhiphe ilungu, isibonelo, (Get-ComputerInfo).OSName, noma sebenzisa Khetha-Into -ExpandProperty. Kodwa khumbula lokho Ukucela izakhiwo ezimbalwa akusheshisi kakhulu inqubo.

Imibuzo ye-Wildcard: BIOS nokuningi

I-Get-ComputerInfo iwusizo kakhulu ekuhlungeni ngamaphethini. Isibonelo, ukuze ubone konke okuhlobene ne-BIOS, sebenzisa -Property *BIOS* futhi yahlelwa ohlwini ukuze kucace.

Get-ComputerInfo -Property *BIOS* | Format-List

Ingaphinda ihlanganiswe ne-Invoke-Command ukuze ubuze ukude isethi engaphansi yezakhiwo bese uphayipha imiphumela iye ku-CSV noma ikhonsoli efomethiwe.

Ukusebenza nemikhuba emihle

I-Get-ComputerInfo inikezela ngokuqukethwe okuningi kodwa ayishesha kakhulu. Imithombo iyavumelana nalokho Ukuyicela izikhathi eziningi ezicini ezahlukene akunconyiwe.: kuzosho ukuphinda umsebenzi. Kungcono ukubuyisela into ephelele. kanye nje y khetha izakhiwo ngemuvaUkuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka Lesi sihloko.

I-ysteminfo.exe isebenza kahle kakhulu ku-CSV futhi, ukuhlanganisa nayo GuqulaFrom-Csv kanye nezihloko zangokwezifiso, kungaba yisisekelo sokubika okusheshayo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, lapho ukulahlwa kwe-PowerShell kungahlali kunikwe amandla.

Ukwenza Okukude: Izindlela Nezibonelo

Nge-systeminfo.exe Ungabuza amakhompuyutha akude ngokuqondile usebenzisa /S (igama leqembu), /U (umsebenzisi) kanye /P (iphasiwedi). Kuyasiza uma I-WinRM ayilungiselelwe noma udinga imiphumela ethile.

systeminfo /S EQUIPO01 /U DOMINIO\usuario /P ContraseñaSegura
# Sin dominio, cuenta local
systeminfo /S EQUIPO01 /U .\Administrador /P ContraseñaSegura

Nge-Get-ComputerInfo, ayikho ipharamitha ye-ComputerName. Ukuze usebenze kude, sebenzisa I-Invoke-Command kanye nebhlokhi ye iskripthi. Ukuqoqa kwenziwa kumsingathi wesilawuli kude futhi kubuyiselwa izinto eziphelele. Ukuze wandise ulwazi lwakho, vakashela.

Invoke-Command -ComputerName 'DC1' -ScriptBlock {
  Get-ComputerInfo -Property *BIOS*
}

Isibonelo esisebenzayo sokufakwa kwe-hotfix: sandisa indawo I-OSHotFixes, sihlunga ngegama leqembu futhi sithumele uma kudingeka.

Invoke-Command -ComputerName 'DC1','SRV01','Localhost' -ScriptBlock {
  Get-ComputerInfo | Select-Object -ExpandProperty OSHotFixes
} | Sort-Object PSComputerName | Export-Csv -NoTypeInformation SRV-Updates.csv

Amaphutha ajwayelekile: izifakazelo, okuguquguqukayo kanye ne-syntax

1) “Igama lekhompyutha elilodwa noma amaningi awavumelekile” ku-Invoke-Command. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngoba dlulisa igama elingavumelekile noma elingapeliwe kahle. Khumbula: $CD3160-05 Akulona igama leqembu, yi- isisho ezama ukususa u-05 kokuhlukile kwe-$CD3160 (okungenzeka ukuthi ayikho). Isebenzisa izingcaphuno nombhalo wangempela: -ComputerName 'CD3160-05'.

# Incorrecto (interpreta variable y resta)
Invoke-Command -ComputerName $CD3160-05 -ScriptBlock { Get-ComputerInfo }

# Correcto (literal)
Invoke-Command -ComputerName 'CD3160-05' -ScriptBlock { Get-ComputerInfo }

2) Ukuvala izikaki nokukhiya i-ScriptBlock. Qiniseka ukuthi vula futhi uvale kahle { } futhi ugweme ukuhlanganisa ikhonsoli esebenzisanayo ngaphakathi kwe-ScriptBlock. Bhala umyalo okufanele wenziwe ukude, ngaphandle kokwaziswa noma “PS C:\>”.

3) Ukwaziswa kwephasiwedi uma usebenzisa i-systeminfo/S. Uma ikhompuyutha yesilawuli kude ingabelani ngokuqukethwe kokuqinisekisa, kufanele ucacise /U kanye /P. Ngama-akhawunti endawo, sebenzisa .\Umsebenzisi. Uma kukhona isizinda, DOMAIN\Umsebenzisi. Uma ungasazi isizinda, hlola ikhompuyutha yendawo nge ngingubani noma %USERDOMAIN%. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, bheka.

4) WinRM kanye nezinqubomgomo. Nge-Invoke-Command, I-WinRM kufanele inikwe amandla futhi ikhompuyutha ekude kufanele yamukele ukuxhumana (i-firewall nama-TrustedHosts). Gijima Nika amandla i-PSRemoting -Force endaweni oya kuyo futhi uhlole imithetho ye-firewall ye Ukuphathwa kwe-WS (HTTP 5985/HTTPS 5986)Ukuze ufunde kabanzi, vakashela.

Ihlola usizo olusemthethweni lwe-Get-ComputerInfo

Sebenzisa i-Get-Help Get-ComputerInfo ukubonisana ne i-syntax kanye nezakhiwo. Ipharamitha -Impahla yemukela Iyunithi yezinhlamvu[], isekela amakhadi asendle, futhi ibuyisela into I-ComputerInfo. Ungakwazi ukudonsa izintambo okungamagama ezakhiwo futhi ukhumbule lokho isebenza kuphela ku-Windows.

Get-Help Get-ComputerInfo
# Sintaxis relevante
Get-ComputerInfo  <String[]>] 
# Alias: gin

Ukuhlola zonke izakhiwo ezitholakalayo ohlelweni lwakho, isiteshi ku Thola-IlunguKu-Windows 10, izakhiwo eziningi ezihlobene ne-BIOS, i-OS, i-Hyper-V, njll.

Get-ComputerInfo | Get-Member | more

Izibonelo eziwusizo nokufometha

Faka kuhlu konke (kodwa ingaba yinde kakhulu; sebenzisa okuningi ukwenza i-paginate):

Get-ComputerInfo | more

Hlunga ngenguqulo usebenzisa ama-wildcards:

Get-ComputerInfo -Property '*version'

Khetha izici ezithile futhi uwabonise ngokucacile:

$info = Get-ComputerInfo -Property OSName, TimeZone, OSProductType
$info | Format-List

Isibonelo nge-systeminfo + CSV kanye nezihloko zangokwezifiso ngemiphumela efanayo ngezilimi ezahlukene:

$headers = 'HostName','OSName','OSVersion','OSManufacturer','OSConfiguration','OSBuildType',
  'RegisteredOwner','RegisteredOrganization','ProductID','OriginalInstallDate','SystemBootTime',
  'SystemManufacturer','SystemModel','SystemType','Processors','BIOSVersion','WindowsDirectory',
  'SystemDirectory','BootDevice','SystemLocale','InputLocale','TimeZone','TotalPhysicalMemory',
  'AvailablePhysicalMemory','VirtualMemoryMaxSize','VirtualMemoryAvailable','VirtualMemoryInUse',
  'PageFileLocations','Domain','LogonServer','Hotfix','NetworkCard','HyperVRequirements'

$objetos = systeminfo.exe /FO CSV |
  Select-Object -Skip 1 |
  ConvertFrom-Csv -Header $headers

$objetos | Select-Object HostName, OSName, OSVersion

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungalubuka kanjani ulwazi lwesistimu nokusebenzisa i-msinfo32 ku-Windows

Ukuhambisana, izindawo namathuluzi ahlobene

i-systeminfo.exe iyi-Windows kanambambili yomdabu futhi ikhodi yayo ingatholakala kumaphrojekthi afana ne-ReactOS. Indawo yayo ejwayelekile ku System32 futhi ku sysWOW64 kumasistimu we-x64. Isekela ifomethi yokuphuma nge /FO (Ithebula, Uhlu, CSV). Ungakwazi futhi ukubonisana ungagcina kanjani izingxenye zosizo zisesikhathini samanje.

I-Get-ComputerInfo yethulwe nge-PowerShell 5.1, ehlanganisa isidingo esasixazulule ngaso ngaphambili Get-WmiObject / Get-CimInstance. Elinye ithuluzi elihlobene liyi msinfo32.exe, iwusizo ekuxilongweni kwe-GUI, nakuba isebenziseka kalula amapayipi.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-PCL vs. Abashayeli be-PostScript: Umehluko kanye nokuthi Ungakhetha Kanjani

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.