Ukusetha iseva ye-NAS kungenye yezinqumo ezinhle kakhulu kunoma ubani ofuna ukuyeka ukuthembela efwini futhi alawule amafayela akhe. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlela isitoreji, umbuzo omkhulu uphakama: ngiwahlela kanjani amadiski ukuze kungabikho lutho olulahlekile uma elilodwa lehluleka? Yilapho... Uhlelo lwe-RAIDLena yindlela nje yokuhlanganisa amayunithi amaningi angokwenyama ukuze uhlelo luwabone njengeyunithi eyodwa, okuthuthukisa isivinini noma ukwengeza inethi yokuphepha. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, ungaxhumana Indlela yokukhetha i-NAS engcono kakhulu yokugcina isitoreji ngokwezidingo zakho.
Into yokuqala okufanele icaciswe, ukuze kugwenywe noma yiziphi izimanga kamuva, ukuthi I-RAID akuyona ikhophi yasenqolobaneniUma ususa ifayela ngephutha, uma uhlaselwa yi-ransomware, noma uma kukhona umlilo endlini yakho, i-RAID ngeke ikusindise impilo yakho. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqhubeka kwenkonzoNgamanye amazwi, uma i-hard drive ihluleka ngokoqobo, iseva yakho izoqhubeka nokusebenza futhi idatha yakho izobe iphephile. Kuzo zonke ezinye izinto, udinga ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yangaphandle efanele.
Ihadiwe vs Isofthiwe: Idatha icutshungulwa kuphi?
Umehluko omkhulu ulele ekutheni ubani owenza umsebenzi ongcolile wokubala ukulingana nokuphatha ukugeleza kwedatha. I-RAID YehadiweSinekhadi lokulawula elizinikele noma i-chip ehlanganisiwe ephatha yonke into. Lokhu kukhulula iprosesa eyinhloko yomshini, okuholela ku- ukusebenza okuphezuluikakhulukazi ekucushweni okuyinkimbinkimbi njenge-RAID 5 noma 6. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bavame ukufaka imemori yabo ye-cache kanye ne-backup yebhethri ukuvimbela ukonakala kwedatha uma kwenzeka ugesi uphela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, I-RAID yesofthiwe Inikeza le misebenzi ku-CPU kanye nohlelo lokusebenza. Lena inketho evame kakhulu kumadivayisi e-NAS asekhaya kanye namaseva asekelwe ku-Linux noma ku-Windows ngoba ishibhile kakhulu futhi iyaguquguquka. Kulezi zinsuku, ama-processor anamandla kakhulu kangangokuthi emazingeni ayisisekelo njengo-0 noma u-1, ngeke uqaphele ukuthi uhlelo luyasebenza. Inzuzo enkulu lapha ukuzimela kwehadiweUma ibhodi lomama lihluleka, ungahambisa amadiski kwenye i-PC bese uthola idatha kalula, into eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngesilawuli esibonakalayo ngoba kuzodingeka uthole imodeli efanayo.
Ukuhlahlela amazinga e-RAID ngokwezidingo zakho
Akuzona zonke izilungiselelo ze-RAID ezidalwe zilingana, futhi ukukhetha kuncike ekutheni i-NAS yakho inama-bay amangaki nokuthi yiziphi izinto eziza kuqala kuwe. Uma unedivayisi enama-bay amabili, i- I-RAID 1 (I-Mirroring) Lena inketho engcono kakhulu. Empeleni, idrayivu yesibili iyisithombe esibukwayo seyokuqala. Uma eyodwa yehluleka, enye ihlala injalo. Ilungele ukugcina izithombe zomndeni noma amadokhumenti abalulekile, yize udela ingxenye yesikhala sokugcina.
Uma sigxuma siye ezindaweni ezintathu noma ezine, I-RAID 5 Iba yinkosi yebhalansi. Isabalalisa idatha kanye nokulingana kuwo wonke amadiski, okuvumela ukuthi umuntu ahluleke ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yilutho. Lokhu kunikeza amandla amaningi asebenzisekayo kanye nesivinini sokufunda, yize ukubhala kuhamba kancane ngenxa yokubala ukulingana. Uma ufuna ukuphepha okwengeziwe noma usebenzisa amadiski amakhulu kakhulu (isibonelo, ama-TB angu-18 noma ngaphezulu), i- I-RAID 6 Kuyindlela efanele, ngoba isekela ukuwa kwamadiski amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- I-RAID 0 (Ukususa): Kuyisivinini esimsulwa. Ihlukanisa idatha kuwo wonke amadiski, kodwa ayinikezi ukuphindaphinda. Uma idiski eyodwa yehluleka, Ulahlekelwa yiyo yonke idathaYisebenzisele amafayela esikhashana noma imitapo yolwazi yemidiya kuphela ongayivuselela.
- I-RAID 10 (1+0): Ihlanganisa ijubane lika-0 kanye nokuphindaphinda kuka-1. Idinga okungenani amadiski angu-4. Iyintandokazi ezindaweni zebhizinisi ngenxa yayo ukusebenza kahle kokubhala nokufunda, yize usebenzisa ingxenye yesikhala kuphela.
- I-JBOD: Akuyona i-RAID yangempela; kuyiqoqo lamadiski. Iwabona njengedrayivu eyodwa enkulu, kodwa engenakho ukuvikelwa kwedatha noma ukwanda kwesivinini.
Umthelela wohlelo lwamafayela kanye nokugcinwa kwawo
Akukhona nje kuphela ngezinga le-RAID; uhlelo lwefayela luyisisekelo lapho konke kusekelwe khona. I-ZFS Okwamanje kuyindinganiso yegolide, ikakhulukazi ku-TrueNAS, ngoba ilungisa ukonakala kwedatha buthule isebenzisa ama-checksum futhi inikeza i-RAID-Z (inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-RAID 5 no-6). Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe, ungafunda i- Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-ZFS kanye ne-BtrfsEzinye izinhlelo ezifana Ama-Btrf noma i-EXT4 Zithembekile kakhulu futhi zivamile kumadivayisi e-NAS ezentengiselwano njenge-Synology noma i-QNAP, zinikeza ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuhambisana okuhle.
Ukuze uvimbele uhlelo ukuthi lungakwenzi uzizwe ungelutho, kubalulekile ukulugcina lusebenza. Izexwayiso ezihlakaniphile Kubalulekile ukulindela ukwehluleka kwediski. Uma usebenzisa i-ZFS, uhlelo ukukhuhla ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bedatha. Iphutha elivamile ukuxuba amadiski ezinhlobo ezahlukene noma amakhono; nakuba kungenzeka ngokobuchwepheshe, uhlelo luzozivumelanisa nediski encane kunazo zonke. ukuchitha isikhala.
Amathiphu okugwema izinhlekelele zobuchwepheshe
Qaphela amadrayivu e-SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording). Ashibhile, kodwa ku-RAID array, ikakhulukazi ku-RAID 5 noma 6 ekwakhiweni kabusha, angabangela izinkinga ngenxa yesivinini sawo sokubhala esihamba kancane, okuholela nasekuhlulekeni. ukugoqa ivolumu ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa. Into efanele okufanele uyenze ukuthenga amadrayivu aqinisekiswe yi-NAS anobuchwepheshe I-CMR noma i-PMR.
Esinye isici yi- Shintsha okushisayo noma ukushintshana okushisa. Uma i-NAS yakho ivuma, ungasusa idiski eyonakele bese ufaka entsha ngaphandle kokuvala uhlelo. Uma unediski eyisipele elungiselelwe njenge I-Hot SpareInqubo yokwakha kabusha iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ibona ukwehluleka, ifinyeza isigaba sobungozi kwimodi ewohlokile.
Ukuze ukhethe inketho engcono kakhulu, cabanga ukuthi udinga amandla nokuzinza kwesilawuli esibonakalayo endaweni yobungcweti, noma ubulula kanye nezindleko eziphansi zesofthiwe yokusetshenziswa ekhaya. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna isivinini esiphezulu nge-RAID 10 noma ukuvikelwa okuphelele nge-RAID 6, isihluthulelo ukuhlanganisa ukuphindaphinda nama-backups angaphandle kanye nokuqapha impilo yediski njalo ukuze uthole ukuthula kwengqondo.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.