Ungalivula kanjani ifayela le-SCORM: umhlahlandlela ophelele nezisombululo ezibuyekeziwe zabo bonke abasebenzisi

Uma uke wahlangabezana nefayela le-SCORM futhi wazibuza ungayivula kanjani noma yini edingekayo ukuze ubuke ekuqukethe, ufikile endaweni efanele. Amafayela e-SCORM abalulekile emhlabeni we-eLearning nokuqeqeshwa ku-inthanethi, kodwa kulabo abangazazi lezi zinhlobo zezisetshenziswa, angaba yindida ngempela.

Masiyihlahle ngendlela elula nesebenzayo Konke odinga ukukwazi ukuze uqonde, uvule, futhi usebenzise amafayela e-SCORM, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumfundi, ungumphathi wokuqeqesha enkampanini, uthisha, noma ufuna ukwazi nje. Lapha unomhlahlandlela ophelele, obuyekeziwe owenzelwe abasebenzisi bangempela, nge izixazululo ezifakazelwe kanye nezincomo eziwusizo ukuze ungaphinde ubhajwe.

Liyini ngempela ifayela le-SCORM?

Okokuqala, kulula ukucacisa igama. I-SCORM imele 'Imodeli Yereferensi Yento Okwabelana Ngayo'.. Kuyindinganiso yomhlaba wonke echaza indlela yokudala nokuphatha okuqukethwe kokuqeqeshwa okuhambisana nalokho okubizwa nge-LMS (Learning Management Systems).

Ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, Ifayela le-SCORM livamise ukuza ngefomethi ye-ZIP futhi lihlanganisa amakhasi ewebhu, amafa emidiya, kanye nefayela le-manifest eliyisisekelo elibizwa ngokuthi i-imsmanifest.xml.. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, noma yisiphi isifundo esishicilelwe ku-SCORM singasebenza kunoma iyiphi inkundla ye-LMS esekela leli zinga, kungakhathaliseki ithuluzi noma uhlelo olusetshenziselwe ukuyidala.

Ngaphambi kokuthi i-SCORM ibe khona, izifundo ze-inthanethi zazisebenzela i-LMS kuphela ezakhelwe kuyo; Ukushintsha izinkundla kwakusho ukulahlekelwa ukufinyelela kulokho okuqukethwe. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-SCORM kwenze ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamapulatifomu, kwathuthukisa ukuqeqeshwa kwedijithali emabhizinisini nasezikoleni..

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokusebenzisa amafayela e-SCORM

Ifomethi ye-SCORM ayiyona nje indinganiso yendawo yonke, kodwa Iletha izinzuzo eziningi kubo bobabili abadali bokuqukethwe nabafundi.:

• Ukuhambisana kuqinisekisiwe: Noma isiphi isifundo se-SCORM siyafundeka futhi senziwa kabusha ezinkundleni ezihambisanayo.
• Landelela inqubekela phambili: Ama-LMS angarekhoda amaphuzu, inqubekelaphambili, ukuqedwa kwephesenti, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlola.
• Inqubekelaphambili ilondoloziwe: Uma ushiya isifundo uphakathi nendawo, ungaqhubeka lapho ogcine khona, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yinqubekelaphambili.
• Ukuzulazula okuguquguqukayo: Abaklami bangachaza izindlela zangokwezifiso ukuze basize abafundi bafinyelele okuqukethwe ngohlelo olufunayo.
• Ukuzijwayeza: Izifundo zingakhiwa ngamamojula futhi ziphinde zisetshenziswe kalula phakathi kwezifundo ezahlukene noma izikhathi zokuqeqesha.

Ubani osebenzisa amafayela e-SCORM futhi ngani?

Amafayela e-SCORM asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko abaklami beziyalezo, abaphathi bezabasebenzi, nabaphathi bezobuchwepheshe be-LMS.. Lezi zingcweti zidala okuqukethwe zisebenzisa amathuluzi athile bese zikuthekelisa njengamaphakheji e-SCORM. Umlawuli weplathifomu ye-LMS ulayisha iphakheji futhi alinikeze amandla okufinyelela okuqondile ngabafundi (abasebenzi, abafundi, njll.).

Kodwa-ke, sekuya kuvama ukuthi othisha nabadali bokuqukethwe kwedijithali bazenzele ezabo izifundo ze-SCORM, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuvela kwamathuluzi alula angadingi ulwazi olubanzi lwezobuchwepheshe.

Izinguqulo ze-SCORM: Iyiphi Oyidingayo?

Kunezinguqulo eziningana ze-SCORM, esetshenziswa kakhulu 1.2 kanye ne-SCORM 2004. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi i-LMS yakho esekelayo:

• I-SCORM 1.2: Iqapha ukuqhubeka komfundi futhi ingabika isimo sokuqeda.
• I-SCORM 2004: Ivumela ukubika okuthuthuke kakhulu, okufana namabanga anemininingwane eminingi kanye nenqubekelaphambili.

Amanye ama-LMS amadala noma alula angasekela kuphela i-1.2, ngakho Ngaphambi kokudala noma ukulayisha isifundo se-SCORM, qiniseka ukuthi isistimu yakho iyahambisana..

Iqukethe ini iphakheji ye-SCORM?

Njalo uma uthekelisa noma i-ascargas isifundo esikule fomethi, ngokuvamile uyasithola ifayela le-ZIP elinaso sonke isakhiwo namafayela adingekayo. Izingxenye eziyisisekelo zephakheji ye-SCORM yilezi:

• i-imsmanifest.xml: Leli yifayela elimaphakathi, lapho izinsiza ezifakwe esifundweni zichazwa, kanye nesakhiwo, izihlonzi, nayo yonke imethadatha edingekayo.
• izinsiza zemidiya: Izithombe, amavidiyo, okulalelwayo, izithombe ezinyakazayo nezinye izinto ezisekelayo.
• Amafayela encazelo: I-XSD, i-DTD, njll. Lokhu kusebenza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwakheka nokuqukethwe kwe-manifesto.
• Amakhasi e-HTML nemibhalo: Okuqukethwe kwesifundo sangempela, kuhlelwe kwaba amafolda namafolda amancane.

Leli fayela le-ZIP lilayishwa kunkundla yokuqeqesha ehambisanayo noma, kwezinye izimo, lingaqaqa uziphu futhi livulwe ngokuqondile esipheqululini, njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi.

Ungalivula kanjani ifayela le-SCORM isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuvula nokubuka ifayela le-SCORM:

1. Layisha ifayela endaweni ye-LMS esekela i-SCORM
   Uma ukwazi ukufinyelela i-LMS (efana ne-Moodle, Chamilo, Blackboard, Schoology, njll.), vele ubheke inketho 'yokungenisa iphakheji ye-SCORM', khetha ifayela le-ZIP, bese ulilayisha. Uma sekulayishiwe, abasebenzisi bangafinyelela isifundo ngokuchofoza kuso kusukela kunkundla ngokwayo.
2. Vula ifayela endaweni kukhompuyutha yakho
   Kungenzeka futhi ukuvula i-ZIP futhi uthole ifayela lokuqalisa (elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi index.html). Chofoza kabili futhi izovuleka kweyakho isiphequluli sewebhu. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ezinye izici (njengokulandelela ukuqhubeka noma ukubika okuzenzakalelayo) zingase zingasebenzi ngaphandle kwe-LMS.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinconyiwe ze-SCORM, Izinkundla, Nabadlali

Ngenxa yokwanda kokuqeqeshwa kwedijithali, kunenani elihle loku Abadlali be-SCORM nezinkundla ze-LMS ukuze uvule futhi usebenze ngale fomethi. Nazi ezinye zezinketho eziphawuleka kakhulu, kanye nezinzuzo zazo eziyinhloko kanye nemikhawulo:

• Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-SC (ngaphambilini okwakuyi-EdApp): I-LMS ewina umklomelo enethuluzi lokugunyaza ukudonsa nokuwisa. Ikuvumela ukuthi ungenise futhi uthumele amafayela e-SCORM kalula kakhulu. Igqama ngokuhambisana neselula nezinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso. Mahhala.
• Ifu le-SCORM: Inketho esekelwe emafini edume kakhulu, elungele ukuhlolwa, ukwabelana, nokulandelela izifundo. Inikeza inguqulo yamahhala elinganiselwe kanye nama-API ukuze ahlanganiswe kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
• Hlanganisa: I-LMS ekuvumela ukuthi ungenise futhi uthumele amafayela e-SCORM, ngesilingo samahhala namathuluzi okusetha mathupha isimo sokuqeda isifundo.
• Iphelele Funda: Okugxile ebhizinisini, kufaka phakathi ukulawula ukufinyelela, ukulandelela okuthuthukile, nezibuyekezo zephakheji ngaphandle kokulahleka kwedatha.
• I-Schoology: Isekela izinguqulo eziningi ze-SCORM futhi yenza kube lula ukuhlela kube amafolda/amaqoqo. Kuhle kakhulu ezikhungweni zemfundo.
• Ibhodi emnyama: Isetshenziswa kakhulu emanyuvesi, isekela i-SCORM 1.2 no-2004, ngezibalo zokulandelela kanye nezinketho zokumisa ezithuthukisiwe.
• I-Moodle: Enye yama-LMS asetshenziswa kakhulu, ikuvumela ukuthi ungenise kalula amaphakheji e-SCORM futhi uwabuke kokubili ku-inthanethi nokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Moodle Mobile. Ilungele labo abafuna isisombululo samahhala nesivulekile somthombo.
• Ukufunda kwe-Sonata: Umdlali ongaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi we Windows y Android, ilungele izindawo ezingenakho uxhumano lwe-inthanethi. Ungakwazi ukuthekelisa imibiko ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya okwengeziwe.
• I-Skilljar: Igxile ekuqeqeshweni kwamakhasimende. Ikuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele kalula, ulinganise futhi ubike ngezifundo ze-SCORM.
• Funda Amp: Ihlinzeka ngezinketho zokusebenzisana, izingxoxo, nezibuyekezo zephakheji ngokulandelelwa kwenqubekelaphambili.

Izinkundla eziningi zamanje ze-LMS zivumela ukungeniswa okuqondile kwamafayela e-ZIP e-SCORM futhi zinikeza ukucushwa okuhlukahlukene kokulandela umkhondo, ukugreda, nokuzulazula. Hlala ukhumbula ukuhlola inguqulo ye-SCORM esekelwa ingxenyekazi yakho. ngaphambi kokulayisha ifayela ukuze ugweme ukungahambisani noma amaphutha angalindelekile.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Amasu Ngamunye: Ukuthi kuyini, Indlela, Izici nokunye

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.