- Uhlelo lwe-PEGI luhlukanisa i- imidlalo yevidiyo eYurophu ngokusekelwe esincomweni sobudala nokuqukethwe.
- I-ESRB isebenza eNyakatho Melika futhi inokuhlukaniswa okufanayo okunamalebula athile.
- Womabili amasistimu afaka phakathi izichazi ezinemininingwane zokuqukethwe njengodlame, izidakamizwa nolimi olungcolile.
- Ama-elementi asebenzisanayo e-ESRB azisa mayelana nokuthengwa kwegeyimu nezici ze-inthanethi.
Uma kuziwa kumageyimu evidiyo, izilinganiso zeminyaka yobudala ziyingxenye ebalulekile esiza abadlali bamageyimu nemindeni yabo ukuthi baqonde ukuthi hlobo luni lokuqukethwe isihloko esikunikezayo ngaphambi kokukuthenga. EYurophu nasemhlabeni wonke, izinhlelo ezimbili eziyinhloko zisetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa imidlalo yevidiyo: I-PEGI (Ulwazi Lwegeyimu YaseYurophu) y I-ESRB (Ibhodi Lokulinganisa Isofthiwe Yezokuzijabulisa). Zombili izilinganiso zinemibandela ethile enquma iminyaka enconyiwe nama-elementi akhona kumageyimu.
Uma uke wazibuza ukuthi la makhodi asho ukuthini nokuthi asebenza kanjani embonini yemidlalo, lesi sihloko sizokuchazela ngokuningiliziwe. Kusukela endleleni asebenza ngayo kuye esigabeni ngasinye namalebula, thola konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nale mithetho.
Luyini uhlelo lwe-PEGI?
El I-PEGI (Ulwazi Lwegeyimu YaseYurophu) iwuhlelo lokulinganisa ubudala olusetshenziswa iningi laseYurophu. Yaqalwa ngo-2003 ngenhloso yokuhlanganisa izinhlelo ezahlukene zikazwelonke ezikhona kanye nokuhlinzeka ngeziqondiso ezisezingeni kubathengi.
Lolu hlelo lunesibopho sokuhlola okuqukethwe kwemidlalo yevidiyo kanye zihlukanise ngokufaneleka kwabo emaqenjini eminyaka ehlukene. Ukulinganisa kungokuzithandela konjiniyela, kodwa abaningi izitolo zomzimba nezedijithali zidinga ukuthi imidlalo ibe nalesi sitifiketi sokumaketha.
Izigaba zeminyaka yobudala be-PEGI
I-PEGI ihlukanisa imidlalo yevidiyo ngezindlela ezahlukene. izigaba ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yezethameli ezinconyiwe. Lezi izi:
- I-PEGI 3: Ifanele yonke iminyaka. Ayiqukethe udlame noma ulimi olungalungile.
- I-PEGI 7: Ingabandakanya izigcawu noma imisindo engase iphazamise kancane ezinganeni ezincane.
- I-PEGI 12: Ingaqukatha udlame oluncane olubhekiswe kubalingiswa abangamaphupho, ulimi olungcolile oluncane, noma amazwibela ocansi.
- I-PEGI 16: Kufaka phakathi udlame lwangempela, izinkomba zezidakamizwa noma izigcawu zobunqunu ngaphandle kokuqukethwe okuyingcaca.
- I-PEGI 18: Okuqukethwe okwedlulele okunodlame olunonya, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni kanye nezithombe zocansi eziyingcaca.
Izichazi zokuqukethwe kwe-PEGI
Kanye nesilinganiso sobudala, i-PEGI ifaka phakathi inani izichazi zokuqukethwe ezazisa ngama-elementi akhona emdlalweni. Lezi zincazelo zihlanganisa:
- Udlame: Ibonisa ukuba khona kokulwa, igazi noma ezinye izinhlobo zolaka.
- Ulimi olungcolile: Ixwayisa ngokusebenzisa amagama anenhlamba noma izinkulumo ezicasulayo.
- Ukwesaba noma ukwethuka: Kubonisa ukuba khona kokulandelana okungase kwethuse abancane.
- Ukugembula: Kusebenza ezihlokweni ezifaka izinsimbi zokugembula, amalotho, noma amabhokisi empango.
- Ucansi: Ibonisa ubunqunu, okuqukethwe okuvusa inkanuko noma ubudlelwano bocansi.
- Izidakamizwa: Isexwayiso mayelana nezinkomba noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingekho emthethweni kugeyimu.
- Ukucwasa: Ibonisa okuqukethwe okungase kukhuthaze inkolelo-mbono noma ukuziphatha okubandlululayo.
- Ukuthenga ngaphakathi kwegeyimu: Ixwayisa mayelana nokwenzeka kokuthenga okuqukethwe okwengeziwe ngemali yangempela.
Lusebenza kanjani uhlelo lwe-ESRB?
Ngokungafani ne-PEGI, i I-ESRB (Ibhodi Lokulinganisa Isofthiwe Yezokuzijabulisa) Kuwuhlelo olusetshenziswa e-United States, eCanada nakwamanye amazwe aseLatin America. Yasungulwa ngo-1994 ukuphendula ukukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana nodlame nokuqukethwe kocansi emidlalweni yevidiyo.
Uhlelo lwe-ESRB lufana ne-PEGI, kodwa lunomehluko othile obalulekile. Ngaphezu kwe- isilinganiso sobudala, inikeza izincazelo zokuqukethwe nezinto ezisebenzisanayo ukuze wazise kangcono abathengi.
Izigaba zeminyaka ye-ESRB
- Wonke umuntu (E): Kuyo yonke iminyaka.
- Wonke umuntu 10+ (E10+): Ifanele izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu ubudala.
- Intsha (T): Inconyelwe intsha engaphezu kweminyaka engu-13 ubudala.
- Abakhulile (M): Imidlalo eqondiswe kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-17.
- Abantu Abadala Kuphela (AO): Okuqukethwe okuyikhethelo kwabantu abadala (abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala).
- Isilinganiso Silindile (RP): Imidlalo isesenqubeni yokuhlukaniswa.
Izichazi zokuqukethwe kwe-ESRB
Imidlalo ebuyekezwe yi-ESRB ihlanganisa izichazi zokuqukethwe ezibika ngezinto ezinjengodlame, ulimi olungcolile, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nokuqukethwe kwezocansi. Abanye omaka abajwayeleke kakhulu yilaba:
- Udlame lwamaphupho: Ukuboniswa okungekona okwangempela kokulwa noma ukulwa.
- Ulimi oluqinile: Ukusetshenziswa kwamagama acasulayo.
- Okuqukethwe kwezocansi: Ama-innuendos noma izigcawu ezivusa inkanuko.
- Izidakamizwa: Ukuba khona kwezinto ezingekho emthethweni noma izinkomba zokudliwa.
Izinto Ezisebenzisanayo ku-ESRB
Ngokungeziwe ezilinganisweni nezichazi zokuqukethwe, i-ESRB yethula isigaba esikhethekile esibizwa "Izici ezisebenzisanayo", okubandakanya:
- Ukuthenga ngaphakathi kwegeyimu: Kubonisa ukuthi isihloko sinikeza okuqukethwe okwengeziwe ngenkokhelo.
- Ukusebenzisana komsebenzisi: Imidlalo enemisebenzi yabadlali abaningi online.
- Ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi okungenamkhawulo: Izihloko ezingaxhuma abadlali kokuqukethwe kwangaphandle.
baqonde Izilinganiso ze-PEGI ne-ESRB Kubalulekile ukukhetha imidlalo yevidiyo ehambisana neminyaka yobudala. Lawa malebula awagcini nje ngokwenza izinqumo zokuthenga kube lula, kodwa futhi asiza ekuvimbeleni ukufinyelela kokuqukethwe okungafanele izingane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuseYurophu noma eMelika, lezi zinhlelo zinikeza isiqondiso esibalulekile kubazali nakubadlali.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.