Uyivula Kanjani Ikhompyutha: Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Umhlahlandlela Wabasebenzisi Abasaqalayo

Sonke sidlule kuleso sikhathi esikhungathekisayo lapho singakwazi ukufinyelela kukhompuyutha yethu ngenxa yegama eliyimfihlo elikhohliwe noma ukuphahlazeka kwesistimu. Ungakhathazeki! Kulesi sihloko, sizokufundisa ukuthi ungayivula kanjani ikhompyutha isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, noma ngabe ungumsebenzisi oqalayo. Qhubeka ufunde futhi uthole ukuthi ungaphinde ulawule kanjani ikhompuyutha yakho.

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi kunezimo ezihlukahlukene lapho ungase udinge ukuvula ikhompuyutha. Isibonelo, uma ukhohlwe iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti yakho yomsebenzisi, uma ubhekene negciwane elivimbele ukufinyelela kwakho, noma uma uthenge ikhompuyutha eseceleni futhi ungenalo ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze ungene.

Esimweni ngasinye, kunezindlela ezahlukene ongazilandela. Ngezansi, sizobhekana nalesi simo ngasinye futhi sikunikeze imiyalelo enemininingwane ukuze ukwazi ukulawula ikhompuyutha yakho futhi.

Vula ikhompuyutha ngokukhohlwa iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti yomsebenzisi

Uma ukhohlwe iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti yakho yomsebenzisi ku Windows, kunezinketho ezimbalwa zokuvula uhlelo. Ngezansi sethula ezivame kakhulu nezisebenzayo:

1. Setha kabusha iphasiwedi usebenzisa enye i-akhawunti yomlawuli: Uma ukwazi ukufinyelela kwenye i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi enamalungelo omlawuli kukhompuyutha efanayo, ungayisebenzisa ukusetha kabusha iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti ekhiyiwe. Ngena ngemvume nge-akhawunti yomlawuli, iya ku-Control Panel, khetha "Ama-Akhawunti Womsebenzisi" bese ukhetha inketho ethi "Phatha ama-Akhawunti". Chofoza ku-akhawunti ekhiyiwe bese ukhetha "Shintsha iphasiwedi." Faka iphasiwedi entsha bese uqinisekisa izinguquko.
2. Sebenzisa le Imodi ephephile kusuka ku-Windows: Uma ungenayo enye i-akhawunti yomlawuli, ungazama ukufaka i-Windows Safe Mode ukuze usethe kabusha iphasiwedi yakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qala kabusha ikhompuyutha yakho bese ucindezela ukhiye we-F8 ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ilogo ye-Windows. Esikrinini sezinketho zokuqalisa ezithuthukisiwe, khetha "Imodi Ephephile Ngenethiwekhi" bese ucindezela u-Enter. Ngena ngemvume nge-akhawunti yomsebenzisi "Yomlawuli" (evamise ukungabi nayo iphasiwedi) bese ulandela izinyathelo ezishiwo endleleni yangaphambilini ukuze ushintshe iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti ekhiyiwe.
3. Sebenzisa uhlelo lokuthola kabusha iphasiwedi: Kunamathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle angakusiza ukuthi ubuyisele noma usethe kabusha iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti yakho yomsebenzisi ku-Windows. Isibonelo esidumile yi-Ophcrack, ongayilanda kuyo Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni. Dala i-CD noma i-USB ibhuthini ngesithombe se-Ophcrack ISO, faka imidiya kukhompyutha yakho bese uyiqalisa kabusha. Setha i-BIOS ukuthi iqalise i-CD noma i-USB bese ulandela imiyalo esesikrinini ukuze ubuyisele iphasiwedi yakho.

Vula ikhompuyutha etheleleke ngegciwane

Uma ikhompuyutha yakho ivinjwe igciwane noma I-malware, kubalulekile ukususa usongo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa futhi. Nazi ezinye izixazululo ongazizama:

1. Skena futhi ususe igciwane ngemodi ephephile: Qala ikhompuyutha yakho ngemodi ephephile njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla bese usebenzisa ukuskena kwesistimu okugcwele ngohlelo olusha lwe-antivirus. Uma ungenayo i-antivirus efakiwe, ungalanda futhi ufake eyamahhala efana nayo I-Avast yamahhala ye-Antivirus o Isivikeli magciwane samahhala se-AVG. Ungase futhi udinge ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elithile lokususa lezinhlobo ezithile zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, njenge Malwarebytes.
2. Sebenzisa i-antivirus ebhuthayo: Uma ungakwazi ukuqala ikhompyutha yakho ngemodi ephephile noma uma i-antivirus efakiwe ingasusi usongo, ungazama i-antivirus ebhuthayo. Lawa mathuluzi asebenza kwi-CD noma nge-USB ngaphandle kokuqala iWindows, akuvumela ukuthi uskene futhi ubulale amagciwane isistimu yakho noma ivinjwe igciwane. Izibonelo ze-antivirus ebhuthayo zihlanganisa Idiski Lokusinda laseKaspersky y I-Bitdefender Rescue CD.

Vula ikhompuyutha eseceleni

Uma uthenge ikhompuyutha eseceleni futhi ungenalo ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze ungene, ungase udinge ukuyisetha kabusha kuzilungiselelo zayo zasembonini. Le nqubo izosusa yonke idatha nezinhlelo ezifakiwe, kodwa izokuvumela ukuthi uyilungiselele kube sengathi yintsha. Landela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Kumakhompyutha asebenzisa i-Windows 8 noma i-10: Qala kabusha ikhompuyutha bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi F11 izikhathi eziningana ngaphambi kokuthi kuvele uphawu lwe-Windows. Lokhu kuzovula isikrini ukutakula kwesistimu. Khetha okuthi “Xazulula inkinga,” bese “Setha kabusha le PC,” bese “Susa yonke into.” Landela imiyalelo esesikrinini ukuze uqedele inqubo yokusetha kabusha.
2. Kumakhompyutha asebenzisa i-Windows 7 noma ngaphambili: Ungase udinge idiski yokufaka i-Windows noma ukwahlukanisa kokuthola kusigcinalwazi sakho ukuze usethe kabusha isistimu yakho. Bheka imibhalo yekhompuyutha yakho noma vakashela iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi ukuze uthole imiyalelo ethile yokuthi ungenza kanjani ukusetha kabusha kwasembonini.

Ngalezi zindlela, ungavula ikhompuyutha ezimeni ezihlukene futhi uphinde uthole ukufinyelela kumafayela nezinhlelo zakho. Hlala ukhumbula ukugcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza nesofthiwe yezokuphepha ibuyekeziwe ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuphahlazeka okuzayo futhi uvikele ulwazi lwakho.

⌨️UBHALA KANJANI UKUSHESHA KUKHOMPYUTHA YAKHO ⌨️ | ?COMPUTER COURSE FROM SCRATCH 2022 |

Ukhohlwe Iphasiwedi yami yePC | Ungalisusa Kanjani Iphasiwedi Yomlawuli Windows 11/10/8

Iziphi izindlela ezivame kakhulu nezisebenzayo zokuvula ikhompuyutha uma ukhohlwe iphasiwedi yakho yokungena?

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuvula ikhompuyutha uma ukhohlwe iphasiwedi yakho yokungena. Ngezansi ezivame kakhulu futhi ezisebenzayo:

1. Setha kabusha iphasiwedi usebenzisa idiski yokusetha kabusha: Uma idiski yokusetha kabusha iphasiwedi yakhiwe ngaphambilini, le ndlela ingasetshenziswa ukuze uthole kabusha ukufinyelela kukhompyutha kalula. Vele uxhume idrayivu bese ulandela imiyalelo esesikrinini.

2. Sebenzisa i-Windows Safe Mode: Ukuqala ikhompuyutha ngemodi ephephile kukuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele ohlelweni nge-akhawunti yomlawuli efihliwe engenayo iphasiwedi. Kule akhawunti, ungashintsha iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi othintekile bese uqala kabusha ikhompuyutha ngemodi evamile.

3. Setha kabusha iphasiwedi usebenzisa isofthiwe yomuntu wesithathu: Kukhona izinhlelo ezifana ne-Ophcrack, i-PCUnlocker noma i-Lazesoft Buyisela Iphasiwedi Yami ekuvumela ukuthi usethe kabusha amaphasiwedi akhohliwe. Lezi zinhlelo ziqalisa ku-USB ebhuthayo noma i-CD futhi zinikeza imiyalelo yesinyathelo nesinyathelo ukuze uthole futhi ukufinyelela ohlelweni.

4. Ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lomugqa imiyalo: Uma ukwazi ukufinyelela kwenye i-akhawunti yomqondisi kukhompuyutha, ungasebenzisa umugqa womyalo ukuze usethe kabusha igama-mfihlo lomsebenzisi okhiyiwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uvule ifayela ngokushesha komyalo njengomlawuli bese ufaka umyalo "igama lomsebenzisi netha igama lomsebenzisi iphasiwedi entsha".

5. Faka kabusha isistimu yokusebenza: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, uma ingekho kulezi zindlela ezingenhla ezisebenzayo, ungakhetha ukuphinda ufake isistimu yokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela izosusa wonke amafayela nezinhlelo ezigcinwe kukhompuyutha, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi wenze isipele idatha ebalulekile ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokufaka kabusha.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zindlela kufanele zisetshenziselwe kuphela ukuthola kabusha ukufinyelela kumakhompuyutha womuntu siqu futhi zingaphuli ubumfihlo bezinkampani zangaphandle.

Imaphi amathuluzi noma izinhlelo zamahhala nezikhokhelwayo ezingasetshenziswa ukuthola noma ukusetha kabusha amaphasiwedi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezifana neWindows, macOS neLinux?

Kunamathuluzi nezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene, ezimahhala nezikhokhelwayo, ezingasetshenziswa ukuthola noma ukusetha kabusha amaphasiwedi ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo njengeWindows, macOS kanye Linux. Ezinye zezinketho ezidume kakhulu yilezi:

1. Ophcrack (mahhala): Kuyithuluzi lokuthola iphasiwedi elisuselwe kunqubo “ye-brute force attack” esebenzisa amathebula othingo. Iyahambisana neWindows, macOS neLinux.

2. Iphasiwedi ye-NT engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi nomhleli wokubhalisa (mahhala): Lolu hlelo lukuvumela ukuthi ususe noma usethe kabusha ama-akhawunti omsebenzisi kumasistimu e-Windows. Isebenza ngokuhlela ukubhaliswa kweWindows.

3. Lazesoft Buyisa Iphasiwedi Yami (kumahhala futhi kuyakhokhelwa): Leli thuluzi lenza kube lula ukubuyisela amaphasiwedi e-akhawunti yomsebenzisi ezinhlelweni ze-Windows. Inguqulo yamahhala inikeza izici ezilinganiselwe, kuyilapho inguqulo ekhokhelwayo inikeza izici ezengeziwe nokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe.

4.PCUnlocker (ikhokhiwe): Iwuhlelo olusiza ukusetha kabusha amagama ayimfihlo e-Windows asekhohliwe, ngisho naku-akhawunti ye-Microsoft. Ungakwazi futhi ukuvula ama-akhawunti omsebenzisi akhutshaziwe noma akhiyiwe.

5. I-Passware Kit Basic (ikhokhiwe): Le software iyakwazi ukubuyisa amaphasiwedi ezinhlelweni zeWindows, macOS neLinux. Kuhlanganisa amamojula ahlukahlukene wokubuyisela kanye namasu afana nokuhlaselwa kwesichazamazwi, amandla anonya kanye ne-cryptanalysis.

6. Chntpw (mahhala): Ithuluzi eliqondene ne-Linux elikuvumela ukuthi usethe kabusha amagama ayimfihlo ezinhlelweni ze-Windows ngokuhlela ukubhalisa kanye nefayela le-SAM (Isiphathi Se-akhawunti Yokuphepha).

7. Ikhithi yokuhlenga kaZiqu-zintathu (mahhala): Kuyisethi yamathuluzi asekelwe ku-Linux ahlanganisa inketho yokuthola noma ukusetha kabusha amaphasiwedi kumasistimu e-Windows ngokuhlela ukubhalisa.

8. Ukubuyiselwa kwe-macOS (mahhala): Kubasebenzisi be-macOS, le nketho eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ikuvumela ukuthi usethe kabusha iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti yomsebenzisi usebenzisa i-Disk Utility kanye ukuphela.

Kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalawa mathuluzi kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela enesibopho nezimiso ezinhle, njalo kuhloniphe ubumfihlo nobunikazi bedatha yomuntu wesithathu.

Iyiphi inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuvula ikhompuyutha kusetshenziswa imidiya yokufaka isistimu yokusebenza futhi le nqubo ihluka kanjani phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene?

Ukuvula ikhompuyutha usebenzisa imidiya yokufaka isistimu yokusebenza kuyinqubo engahluka kuye ngesistimu yokusebenza okukhulunywa ngayo. Ngezansi isifinyezo esiyisisekelo senqubo ye-Windows ne-Linux.

Windows

1. Dala imidiya yokufaka: Dawuniloda ithuluzi le-Microsoft Media Creation bese ulisebenzisa ukwakha i-USB yokufaka iWindows noma ushise isithombe se-ISO sibe yiDVD.

2. Lungiselela i-BIOS/UEFI: Vula ikhompuyutha bese ucindezela inkinobho ehambisanayo (ngokuvamile F2, F12, DEL noma ESC) ukuze ufake ukusetha kwe-BIOS/UEFI. Setha idrayivu ye-USB/DVD njengenketho yokuqala yokuqalisa bese ulondoloza izinguquko.

3. Qalisa kumidiya yokufaka: Xhuma i-USB noma faka i-DVD kukhompuyutha bese uqala kabusha ikhompuyutha. Ikhompyutha kufanele iqale kumidiya yokufaka.

4. Qala Iwizadi Yokusetha YeWindows: Khetha ulimi lwakho, isikhathi kanye nefomethi yemali, kanye nendlela yokufaka yekhibhodi. Chofoza "Okulandelayo" bese "Lungisa ikhompuyutha yakho."

5. Khetha izinketho ezithuthukisiwe: Iya ku- "Troubleshoot"> "Izinketho ezithuthukisiwe"> "I-Command Prompt".

6. Setha kabusha iphasiwedi: Sebenzisa umyalo othi "net user" olandelwa igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi entsha ukuze usethe kabusha iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti. Isibonelo: inet user Administrator NewPassword.

7. Phuma futhi uqalise kabusha: Thayipha "phuma" ukuze uvale umyalo, khipha imidiya yokufaka, bese uqala kabusha ikhompuyutha.

Linux

1. Dala imidiya yokufaka: Dawuniloda isithombe se-ISO sokusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux osithandayo futhi usebenzise ithuluzi elifana ne-Rufus noma i-Etcher ukuze udale i-USB esebenzayo.

2. Lungiselela i-BIOS/UEFI: Njengaku-Windows, faka izilungiselelo ze-BIOS/UEFI bese usetha idrayivu ye-USB njengokhetho lokuqala lokuqalisa.

3. Qalisa kumidiya yokufaka: Xhuma i-USB kukhompyutha bese uqala kabusha ikhompuyutha. Ikhompyutha kufanele iqale kumidiya yokufaka.

4. Qala kumodi 'bukhoma': Khetha okuthi "Zama ngaphandle kokufaka" noma inketho efanayo ukuze uqale kumodi 'bukhoma'.

5. Vula itheminali: Uma ususendaweni 'ebukhoma', vula itheminali.

6. Khomba ukuhlukaniswa kwesistimu: Sebenzisa umyalo othi “sudo fdisk -l» ukukhomba ukwahlukanisa lapho uhlelo lokusebenza lufakwe khona.

7. Faka i-partition yesistimu: Dala uhla lwemibhalo lokukhweza nge- "sudo mkdir /mnt/system" bese ufaka ukwahlukanisa kwesistimu nge "sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt/system", lapho i-X kanye no-Y zihambisana nokuhlukaniswa okukhonjwe ngaphambilini.

8. I-Croot kusistimu: Shintshela endaweni yesistimu nge-“sudo chroot/mnt/system”.

9. Setha kabusha iphasiwedi: Sebenzisa umyalo othi “passwd” olandelwa igama lomsebenzisi ukuze usethe kabusha iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti. Isibonelo: passwd izimpande.

10. Phuma futhi uqalise kabusha: Thayipha okuthi "phuma" ukuze uphume endaweni ye-chroot, wehlise ukuhlukanisa nge-"sudo umount /mnt/system", susa imidiya yokufaka bese uqala kabusha ikhompuyutha.

Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi lezi zinyathelo ziwumhlahlandlela ojwayelekile futhi zingahluka kuye ngenguqulo ethile ye-Windows noma ye-Linux esetshenzisiwe.

Uma ungakwazi ukuvula ikhompuyutha yakho ngezindlela ezivamile, yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe ukuze kuvikelwe ulwazi olugcinwe ocingweni ngaphambi kokucabangela izinketho ezinzima ezifana nokufometha?

Ngaphambi kokucabangela izinketho ezinzima njengokufometha ikhompuyutha yakho, ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zithathwe ukuze kuvikelwe ulwazi olugcinwe ocingweni. Ezinye zalezi zinyathelo zibalulwe ngezansi:

1. Dala isipele: Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yisiphi isenzo kukhompuyutha, kubalulekile ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yawo wonke amafayela abalulekile. Le khophi ingenziwa kwenye idivayisi. isitoreji, njenge-hard drive yangaphandle, idrayivu ye-USB, noma isevisi yokugcina amafu.

2. Sebenzisa i-antivirus kanye nesofthiwe ye-antimalware: Qiniseka ukuthi unohlelo lwe-antivirus nolwe-antimalware olufakiwe futhi lwabuyekezwa. Yenza ukuskena kwesistimu okugcwele ukuthola nokususa noma yiziphi izinsongo ezingase zivimbe ikhompuyutha yakho.

3. Cwaninga inkinga ethile: Sesha ku-inthanethi ukuze ubone ukuthi ingabe abanye abasebenzisi bahlangabezane nezinkinga ezifanayo nokuthi bazixazulule kanjani. Ungathola izixazululo ezingaba khona kumaforamu akhethekile, amabhulogi, namawebhusayithi osekelo lobuchwepheshe.

4. Ukubuyiselwa kwesistimu: Zama ukubuyisela ikhompuyutha yakho endaweni yangaphambili ngesikhathi. el tiempo usebenzisa isici sokubuyisela isistimu. Lokhu kungase kuxazulule inkinga ngaphandle kwesidingo ifomethi insiza.

5. Zama ukuqala ngemodi ephephile: Uma uqala ikhompuyutha yakho ngemodi ephephile, kulayishwa kuphela izinhlelo ezibalulekile nezishayeli. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uxazulule isoftware futhi hardware okungase kuvimbele ukufinyelela okuvamile ohlelweni.

6. Xhumana nochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe: Uma uzame zonke izixazululo ezingenhla ngaphandle kwempumelelo, cabanga ukusa ikhompuyutha yakho kuchwepheshe wezobuchwepheshe noma isikhungo sosekelo lobuchwepheshe ukuze uthole usizo lochwepheshe.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukufometha kufanele kube inketho yokugcina njengoba kuhilela ukususa wonke amafayela nezilungiselelo zesistimu. Kuhlale kungcono ukuzama ukuxazulula inkinga ngezinye izindlela ngaphambi kokuthatha lesi sinyathelo esinqala.

Vula futhi wabelane!

Ingabe umhlahlandlela wethu wokuvula ikhompuyutha yakho ube usizo kuwe? Ungalugcini kuwe lolo lwazi! Yabelana ngalesi sihloko ezinkundleni zokuxhumana futhi usize abangani bakho abasaqalayo ukuthi babuyele empilweni yedijithali. Ingabe usenokungabaza? Futhi uvule amandla ezwi lakho ngokushiya amazwana.

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