Imiyalo yokulungisa ama-PC: umhlahlandlela ophelele one-SFC, i-DISM, ne-CHKDSK

Uma iWindows iqala ukungingiza, qalisa amaphutha ahlukile kumafayela noma ivele ivale ucingo, i Uphawu lwesistimu Ingakukhipha enkingeni ngabambalwa nje imiyalo ikhodi yokhiye. I-SFC, i-DISM, ne-CHKDSK amathuluzi amathathu omdabu asebenza kahle kakhulu okulungisa isistimu.ngayinye inenjongo ehlukile kanye nobubanzi obuhambisanayo.

Ngaphambi kokuthi singene ebhizinisini, ezinye izindaba ezinhle: ungazisebenzisa mathupha noma ngefayela lenqwaba (.bat) elinamalungelo omlawuli, futhi zizosebenza ngokufanayo kukho kokubili Windows 10 kanye [namanye amasistimu wokusebenza]. Windows 11. Dala encane iskripthi Lezi zinsiza zikongela isikhathi semisebenzi yokulungisa futhi ushiye iqembu lilungile ngaphandle kokuthi ahambe umyalo ngomyalo; kungabuye kuhlanganiswe namasu we i-PC iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Imiyalo ebalulekile ye-CMD yokulungisa iWindows

Uma sikhuluma ngokulungisa iWindows kusuka kukhonsoli, kukhona ama-protagonists amathathu angaphikiswa. I-SFC ihlola amafayela esistimu, i-DISM ilungisa isithombe se-Windows, futhi i-CHKDSK ihlola idiski. ngifuna amaphutha kanye nemikhakha enesici.

I-SFC (Isihloli Sefayela Lesistimu)

I-System File Checker ihlola amafayela e-Windows futhi ithatha indawo yawonakele ngamakhophi agcinwe kunqolobane ephephile. Umyalo wayo wenkanyezi ngu-sfc/scannowokufanele yethulwe kukhonsoli enamalungelo omlawuli.

Ukuze ubone zonke izinketho ezitholakalayo, sebenzisa sfc /?. Phakathi kwezilungisi eziwusizo kakhulu yizo:

• / scannow: iskena ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ilungise amafayela avikelwe.
• /verifyonly: amasheke kuphela, awalungisi.
• /scanfile: ihlaziya futhi ilungise ifayela elithile ngokubonisa indlela yalo.
• /verifyfile: ihlola ifayela elithile ngaphandle kokuyilungisa.
• /offbootdir y /ngaphandle: ngokusebenzisa i-SFC ekufakweni okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
• /offlogfile: ichaza ifayela lokungena lapho usebenzisa i-SFC engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.

Imiyalezo eminingana ingase ivele ekupheleni kokuhlaziya. Ezivame kakhulu:

• I-Windows Resource Protection ayitholanga ukwephulwa kobuqotho: akukho monakalo otholiwe.
• I-Windows Resource Protection ithole amafayela onakele futhi yawalungisa ngempumelelo: I-SFC ilungise amafayela awonakele.
• I-Windows Resource Protection ithole amafayela onakele kodwa ayikwazanga ukulungisa amanye awo: Uzodinga ukuqhubeka nge-DISM.
• I-Windows Resource Protection ayikwazanga ukwenza umsebenzi oceliwe: Zama ku-Safe Mode noma uhlole izimvume.

Uma udinga eminye imikhondo, hlola imininingwane ku %WinDir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log. Leli rekhodi ligcina irekhodi eliphelele lokuhlaziya nokulungisa., iwusizo kakhulu lapho i-CFS ingakwazi ukusingatha yonke into.

Isetshenziswa nini i-CFS

Ihloselwe izikhathi lapho uqaphela ukuthi imisebenzi ye-Windows iyayeka ukuphendula, amaphutha anjengokuthi "ifayela alitholakali" avele, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zesistimu zihluleka ukuvuleka. Uma inkinga incane noma ithinta izingxenye zesistimu, i-SFC ivamise ukuba yisinyathelo sokuqala.

I-DISM (Ukusetshenziswa Kwesithombe Nokuphathwa Kwesithombe)

I-DISM isebenza esithombeni seWindows, okuyisisekelo salo lonke uhlelo. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola, ukuhlanza nokulungisa izingxenye ezilimele zesithombeikakhulukazi uma i-SFC yehluleka ukuyilungisa.

I-oda elinconyiwe lokubulawa licacile: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth, khona-ke /ScanHealth futhi ngemuva /RestoreHealth. Kubalulekile ukuhlonipha lowo myalelo futhi ulinde ukuthi isigaba ngasinye siphele. ngaphambi kokudlulela kwesilandelayo.

Si I-Windows Update Uma kungasebenzi noma kungekho ukuxhumana, ungacacisa umthombo wendawo ngawo /Source futhi ugweme ukulanda ku-inthanethi nge /LimitAccess, isibonelo: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:\RepairSource\Windows /LimitAccess. Le modi ilungile uma usebenzisa indawo yokufaka njengomthombo ohlanzekile..

Isetshenziswa nini i-DISM

Sebenzisa i-DISM lapho izibuyekezo zehluleka, izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma imilayezo ehlobene "nesitolo sezingxenye" ​​noma ukuqina kwesistimu kuvela, noma uma i-SFC ingakwazi ukulungisa amafayela athile. I-DISM “isinyathelo sesibili” sokulungisa izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu ezithinta isithombe seWindows.

I-CHKDSK (Hlola Idiski)

I-CHKDSK ihlaziya ukwakheka kwesistimu yefayela kanye nesimo somzimba sedrayivu. cunt chkdsk C: /f /r Ucela ukulungisa amaphutha anengqondo futhi useshe imikhakha emibi Ithola idatha efundekayo.

Uma idrayivu isetshenziswa (isibonelo, C :), uhlelo luzohlongoza ukuqhuba isheke ekuqaliseni kabusha okulandelayo. Yamukele futhi ungaphazamisi inqubo ukugwema ukonakala okwengeziwe.

para I-NTFS Kukhona izilungisi ezithuthukile ezifana / scan (ukuhlaziya okuku-inthanethi), /forceofflinefix (kanye / scan yeqa ukulungiswa kwe-inthanethi), /perf (izinsiza ezengeziwe zokusheshisa ukuskena), /spotfix (ukulungiswa okuqondile) noma /sdcleanup (ukuhlanzwa kwezichazi zokuphepha). Wasebenzise ngobuhlakani kuye ngesimo.

Isetshenziswa nini i-CHKDSK

Uma i-PC yakho ithatha isikhathi eside ukuqalisa, ubona ukubanda okuvamisile noma izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njenge iphutha 0x00000017Uma usola amaphutha okufunda/ukubhala, kuyancomeka ukuthi uyiqalise. I-CHKDSK ixazulula amaphutha esistimu yefayela anengqondo futhi imephu imikhakha emibiokungase kube umsuka wezimpawu.

Phela, kukhona ukubuyekezwa kwezigaba ezi-3: ukwakheka kwesistimu yefayela eyisisekelo, izixhumanisi zamagama, nezincazelo zokuphepha. Ekugcineni uzobona isifinyezo samaphutha alungisiwe kanye nokutholakeleluwusizo ekunqumeni izinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Umehluko endleleni

Ukuze ugweme ukudideka: Ukulungiswa kwe-SFC kuvikele amafayela e-Windows, i-DISM ilungisa isithombe sohlelo, futhi i-CHKDSK yenza kudiski nohlelo lwefayela. Abenzi into efanayo, kodwa bayaphelelisana. futhi kubalulekile ukucaca mayelana nesikhathi sokusebenzisa ngasinye.

Njengomhlahlandlela osheshayo: Qala ngokusebenzisa i-SFC uma inkinga ibonakala "ihlobene ne-Windows".Uma kungekho ukuqhubeka, dlulela ku-DISM; uma usola inkinga yediski noma ukwahlukanisa, sebenzisa i-CHKDSK. Ezimweni ezinenkani, zontathu zihlangene ngokulandelana ngendlela efanele.

Isetshenziswa nini futhi kanjani ithuluzi ngalinye

Ngaphambi kokuthayipha noma yini, hlela uhlelo lwakho lokuhlasela kahle. Amalungiselelo ambalwa azokusindisa ekumangaleni nasekumosheni isikhathi..

Amalungiselelo abalulekile

1) Izipele. Londoloza amadokhumenti nezithombe zakho kudrayivu yangaphandle noma isitoreji samafu. Nakuba i-SFC, i-DISM, ne-CHKDSK ingasuli idatha yomuntu siqu ngokuklamaNgesikhathi sokulungiswa kwediski, ulwazi lungalahleka emikhakheni engabuyiseki.

2) Ikhonsoli enezimvume. Vula "Command Prompt" ngokuchofoza kwesokudla bese ukhetha "Run as administrator". Ngaphandle kokuphakama, eminye imiyalo ngeke iqale. futhi uzobona amaphutha emvume.

3) Vala izinhlelo zokusebenza. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuphazamiseka ngesikhathi sokuskena nokulungiswa. Izinqubo ezimbalwa ezivuliwe, ifayela elikhiyayo lincane..

Sebenzisa i-SFC ngendlela efanele

Ku-CMD njengomlawuli, thayipha sfc /scannow bese ulinda. Ungakhanseli ngisho noma kubonakala sengathi "kubambekile"Kumasistimu angasheshi, lokhu kungase kuthathe isikhashana. Uma ingakwazi ukulungisa yonke into, hlola ilogu ye-CBS bese uqhubeke ne-DISM.

Qalisa i-DISM ngendlela efanele

Ku-CMD njengomlawuli, bese usebenzisa okulandelayo: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth, khona-ke /ScanHealth futhi ekugcineni /RestoreHealth. Uxhumano lwe-inthanethi luyasiza ngoba i-DISM izodonsa i-Windows Update (engase ibuyise amaphutha anjengokuthi 0x8019001) Ukulanda izingxenye ezihlanzekile. Ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi, sebenzisa /Source nge-medium yokufaka bese wengeza /LimitAccess.

Qalisa i-CHKDSK ngezinketho eziyinhloko

Ku-CMD njengomlawuli: chkdsk C: /f /r. Uma icela ukuyihlela lapho iqala kabusha, yamukela.Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okusheshayo, okuhamba ngezinyawo, chkdsk C: /scan Kuyasiza futhi, futhi ungangeza /perf ukusheshisa kumakhompyutha anamandla.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zomyalo ngamunye

• I-SFC: imisebenzi yesistimu engaphenduli, Izinhlelo zokusebenza I-Windows iyaphahlazeka, "ifayela alitholakali" imilayezo.
• DISM: buyekeza amaphutha, ukonakala kwesithombe, izinkinga eziqhubekayo ngemva kwe-SFC.
• CHKDSK: ukunensa kwe ibhuthini, izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amaphutha okufunda/ukubhala noma imikhakha esolwayo eyonakele.

Dala isikripthi se-.bat yesondlo

Uma ufuna ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, vula i-Notepad bese unamathisela imigqa kanje: sfc /scannow, DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth, DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth futhi, uma kufanele, chkdsk C: /f /r. Ilondoloze ngesandiso se-.bat bese uyiqhuba njengomlawuli lapho uyidinga.

Uma lokho kungenele futhi kufanele uphinde ufake

Kunezimo lapho, noma ungazama kangakanani, kungenakulungiseka ngemiyalo. Cabangela ukufaka kabusha iWindows uma:

• Ukwehluleka kuyaqhubeka ngemva kwe-SFC/DISM/CHKDSK noma kuphinde kuvele maduze ngemva kwalokho.
• Kukhona izifo ze I-malware izici ezibalulekile eziphazamisa uhlelo.
• Ukusebenza kubi, nokuphahlazeka okuqhubekayo nokuziphatha okuguquguqukayo.
• Isibuyekezo esibalulekile sishiye isistimu ingazinzile kangangokuthi ingalungiswa.
• Ushintshe i-hardware engukhiye (i-motherboard, idiski, njll.) futhi kukhona ukungqubuzana komshayeli.

Uma ukhetha ukufaka kabusha, khumbula ukulungisa izipele zakho kanye nemidiya yokufaka. Ukufaka kabusha okuhlanzekile kuhamba kancane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuyindlela ethembeke kakhulu. ukuqala kabusha ngaphandle komthwalo.

Imikhuba ehamba phambili, izimo ezikhethekile namathiphu engeziwe

Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kunezincomo ezimbalwa ezihambisanayo nemiyalo ezofika ilusizo kakhulu. Ukuzisebenzisa kwenza umehluko phakathi "komsebenzi ongaphelele" kanye nokulungiswa kwezincwadi zokufunda..

Ukuxilonga okusheshayo nezinsiza

Ukuze uhlole isimo samadiski akho shazi, sebenzisa wmic diskdrive get model,status. Uma "KULUNGILE" kuvela, i-firmware ayiboni izinkinga ezisobala. (Ayithathi indawo yokuhlola okuphelele kwe-SMART, kodwa inikeza isiqondiso).

Uma unezinkinga zenethiwekhi (uxhumano olungazinzile, i-DNS engajwayelekile), sebenzisa: netsh winsock reset futhi, uma kufanele, ipconfig /flushdns. cunt ipconfig /all Uzobona i-IP, isango, nezilungiselelo ze-DNS. ukukhipha ukwehluleka kwenethiwekhi okuyisisekelo. Uma umlayezo othi "iseva ye-RPC ayitholakali" uvela, thintana Ungayixazulula kanjani.

Ukuthuthukisa nokugcinwa ngezikhathi ezithile

Hlela ukuhlola okuvamile: I-SFC njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kanye ne-CHKDSK uma uthola ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile kwediski. Gcina i-Windows Update isesikhathini samanje ukuze uthole ama-patches kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusimama.

Ukuthuthukisa futhi kuyasiza: susa amafayela esikhashana (Win + R > %temp%), ilawula ukuqala ku- Umphathi Womsebenzi futhi ulungise imiphumela ebonakalayo kokuthi “Lungisa ukubukeka nokusebenza kweWindows”. Uma uhlelo lunomthwalo omncane, mancane amathuba okuthi ukonakala kwenzeke..

Gijimani ezindaweni ezingaqalisi

Uma iWindows ingaqali, sebenzisa Indawo Yokubuyisela (WinREnoma ukufaka idrayivu ye-USB. Kusuka ku-Command Prompt yendawo yokutakula, ungaqala: sfc /scannow /offbootdir=C:\ /offwindir=C:\Windows. Faka esikhundleni C:\ ngohlamvu lwangempela lokushayela uma lungahambisani.

Nge-DISM engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, khweza isithombe noma ukhombe \\imithombo yefolda yemidiya yokufaka ngayo /Source futhi uyanezela /LimitAccess. Ngale ndlela ugwema ngokuya nge-Windows Update uma ingekho inethiwekhi noma iphukile.

Izinguqulo nezici zeWindows

Hlola inguqulo yakho nge winver. En Windows 7 Enye indlela ye-DISM yakudala Ithuluzi Lokulungela Isibuyekezo Sesistimu (SURT), engalandwa ku-Microsoft Update Catalogue, esebenza indima efanayo ekulungiseni izingxenye.

Ukuhumusha amabhlogo ajwayelekile namaphutha

Ingabe i-CHKDSK "ihlala" kumaphesenti athile isikhathi eside? Lokhu kungase kubonise imikhakha eyonakaliswe kakhulu. Zinike isikhathi; uma ingathuthuki ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, sekuyisikhathi sokucabanga ngokwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha nokushintsha idrayivu.Ingabe i-SFC iyehluleka ukuqala? Hlola izimvume zomphathi futhi ucabange Imodi Ephephile. Ingabe i-DISM ibuyisela i-0x800f081f? Faka /Source ngesithombe esivumelekile futhi /LimitAccess.

Imiyalo ewusizo eyengeziwe

• sfc /verifyonly: ukuxilongwa akushintshile.
• DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /StartComponentCleanup: ihlanza izingxenye futhi inciphise isitolo seWinSxS.
• chkdsk /spotfix: ukulungiswa kwendawo okusheshayo (NTFS).

Ngingakwazi ukulahlekelwa idatha ngale miyalo?

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-SFC ne-DISM awazithinti amafayela akho omuntu siqu. I-CHKDSK ingakwazi ukukhomba imikhakha emibi, futhi uma idatha ikhona, ingase ingabuyiseki. Kungakho sigcizelela kakhulu kuma-backups angaphambili.

Kuthiwani uma ngingafuni ukuthayipha njalo?

Dala ifayela lakho le-.bat futhi ulifake ekunakekeleni kwakho kwanyanga zonke. Ungakwazi ngisho nokwengeza ilogu encane yomsebenzi enokuqondisa kabusha okuphumayo, isibonelo: sfc /scannow > C:\logs\sfc.txt. Ngale ndlela uzoba nerekhodi lalokho okwenziwe kanye nemiphumela..

Amathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle kanye nokutholwa kwedatha

Uma ungaboni ukonakala kwesistimu kodwa i-PC yakho isebenza kancane, indawo yokuhlanza nokwenza kahle ingasiza ukususa i-bloatware namafayela esikhashana. Ukubuyisela amafayela kukhompuyutha engeke iqale, cabanga ukusebenzisa isofthiwe yokutakula enemidiya ebhuthayo. ngaphambi kokulungisa noma ukufaka kabusha, bese ubuyela emiyalweni yomdabu.

Izibonelo ezisebenzayo ezilungele ukukopishwa

Ukulandelana kokulungisa okuku-inthanethi kwakudala: sfc /scannow > DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth > DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth > phinda sfc /scannow. Lokhu kuhamba komsebenzi kuxazulula ingxenye enkulu yezinkinga zansuku zonke..

Ukuhlola idiski yesistimu: chkdsk C: /f /r (Ishejuli yokuqalisa kabusha uma iceliwe). Ukuze uthole ukushisa, sebenzisa chkdsk C: /scan.

Ukulungisa ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ngomsuka wendawo: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:D:\sources\install.wim /LimitAccess (lungisa uhlamvu lweyunithi). Iwusizo lapho i-Windows Update ingasebenzi.

Ukuhlolwa kwehadiwe okusheshayo kwe isitoreji: wmic diskdrive get model,status. Uma okuthile "kungabonakali KAHLE", qinisa ukuxilongwa nge-SMART namakhophi..

Ngemva kwakho konke okungenhla, ibhokisi lakho lamathuluzi ligcwele kahle: I-SFC yamafayela avikelwe, i-DISM yesithombe se-Windows, kanye ne-CHKDSK yezempilo yediski, ngokusekelwa okuvela ku-netsh, ipconfig, kanye ne-wmic lapho kudingeka. Ngokuhlanganisa inhlangano, ukubekezela, nezipele, uzoba nethuba elingcono kakhulu lokubuyisela ukuzinza ku-PC yakho. ngaphandle kokudinga ukuphinda ufake nakancane.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ukulungiselela Ukulungisa Okuzenzakalelayo Nokusetha Kabusha: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokulungisa IWindows Nokugcina Idatha Yakho

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.