- Ama-EMP angaba emvelo (iziphepho zelanga, umbani) noma enziwe umuntu (ukuqhuma kwenyukliya, izikhali ze-EMP).
- Imiphumela yako ingalimaza izinto zikagesi futhi ibangele ukucisha ugesi nengqalasizinda ebalulekile.
- Izinyathelo zokuzivikela zifaka amakheji e-Faraday, izihlungi zikagesi, namasistimu aqinisiwe.
- Ngokomlando, izenzakalo ezifana ne-Starfish Prime test kanye neziphepho zelanga ziye zabonisa ubungozi bazo.
El I-Electromagnetic Pulse (i-PEM) yinto evuse isithakazelo esikhulu ngenxa yamandla ayo okuba nomthelela omkhulu kumasistimu kagesi nawegesi. Ukuqhuma kwamandla kazibuthe kagesi okungenzeka ngokwemvelo noma ukukhiqizwa okuzenzela. Umthelela wayo ungasukela ekucishweni kwesikhashana kwedivayisi kuye ekukhutshazweni okuphelele kwengqalasizinda ebalulekile njengamagridi kagesi namasistimu okuxhumana.
Ukuqonda i-EMP kubalulekile emhlabeni oncike ngokuya ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe. Umsuka wayo ungaba ezintweni ezifana nokuvutha kwelanga noma umbani, kodwa futhi ingabangelwa ngamabomu izikhali zenuzi noma izinto ezikhethekile. Ngezansi, sihlolisisa izici, imiphumela, kanye nezindlela zokuvikela lesi simo.
Iyini i-Electromagnetic Pulse futhi isebenza kanjani?
Un I-Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Ukukhishwa kungazelelwe kwamandla kazibuthe akwazi ukuheha imisinga engavamile nama-voltage kumasekethe kagesi, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni noma ekubhujisweni. Ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- E1: Ukwanda kwamandla okusebenza cishe ngokushesha emishinini kagesi, okubangela ukuphazamiseka okusheshayo kuma-microcircuits.
- E2: Umthelela wawo ufana nombani futhi, nakuba unamandla, amasistimu amaningi anezivikelo eziklanyelwe lolu hlobo lokuphazamiseka.
- E3: Kuwukushaya kwenhliziyo okude okungaheha imisinga enamandla kumakhondatha amade, kuthinte amanethiwekhi amakhulu kagesi.
Imithombo Yemvelo Yama-Electromagnetic Pulses
Ama-EMP angenzeka ngokwemvelo ngezimo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Ama-solar flare kanye neziphepho ze-geomagnetic: I-Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) evela eLangeni ingakhulula amanani amakhulu ezinhlayiya ezishajwayo okuthi, lapho zihlangana ne-magnetosphere yoMhlaba, zikhiqize iziphepho ze-geomagnetic. Lokhu kungabangela ukwehluleka kumasathelayithi, izinhlelo zokuxhumana kanye namagridi kagesi.
- URayLapho umbani ushaya isakhiwo noma phansi, ukhulula inani elikhulu lamandla kazibuthe kagesi. Nakuba umthelela wayo ungowasendaweni, ungathinta amadivayisi kagesi aseduze.
Ama-Electromagnetic Pulses enziwe ngumuntu
Kunemithombo yokwenziwa eminingana ekwazi ukukhiqiza i-EMP enamazinga ahlukene omthelela:
- Ukuqhuma kwenyukliya: Isikhali senuzi esiqhunyiswa emkhathini singakha a I-Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse (NEMP). Lesi simo sikhathaza kakhulu, njengoba singathinta indawo enkulu futhi senze ingqalasizinda ebalulekile ingasebenzi.
- Amadivayisi we-EMP okungewona awenuzi: Lobu ubuchwepheshe obukhiqiza i-EMP ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuqhuma kwenuzi. Lawa madivayisi asetshenziswa ezindaweni zamasosha ukukhubaza amasistimu kagesi ezitha.
Imiphumela ye-Electromagnetic Pulse
Umthelela kumishini kagesi
I-PEM ingakhiqiza ama-voltage spikes emishinini kagesi eholela ekuhlulekeni kwazo. Amaqembu athanda amakhompyutha, omakhalekhukhwini nemishini yasendlini ingalimala unomphela ngemizuzwana nje uma ingenaso isivikelo esanele.
Ubungozi bengqalasizinda ebalulekile
Umthelela we-PEM ku amanethiwekhi kagesi kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ingenye yezinto ezikhathaza kakhulu. Ukuphazamiseka isikhathi eside kungase kube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezomnotho nezenhlalo, kukhubaze izinsizakalo ezibalulekile ezifana nezokuthutha, ezempilo, nokuphepha komphakathi.
Izindlela zokuzivikela ku-Electromagnetic Pulse
I-Electromagnetic Shielding
Indlela esebenzayo yokuvikela amadivayisi ukusebenzisa Amakheji eFaraday. Lezi zakhiwo zenziwe ngezinto zokuhambisa ezivimbela amagagasi kagesi ukuthi angangeni ngaphakathi kwawo, avikele imishini engaphakathi.
Izihlungi nama-voltage suppressors
Ingqalasizinda ebalulekile ingafakwa ama-surge filters kanye nabavikeli yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukumunca nokuphambukisa ama-spikes amandla akhiqizwa i-EMP.
Imishini eqinile ye-EMP
Izinkampani ezikhethekile sezithuthukile amakhabethe kanye nezinhlelo isitoreji kuqinisiwe ukuvikela amathuluzi abalulekile emiphumeleni ye-EMP.
Izehlakalo Zomlando Ezihlobene ne-EMP
Kunemicimbi ebhaliwe ebonisa ubukhulu bomthelela wama-PEM. Elinye lamacala agqama kakhulu kwaba yi- Zama i-Starfish Prime ngo-1962, lapho ukuqhuma kwe-nuclear ku-stratosphere kwakhiqiza i-pulse eyalimaza izinhlelo zikagesi e-Hawaii, ngaphezu kwe-1.500 km ukusuka endaweni ehlabayo. Muva nje, ngo-1989, kwabangela isiphepho esinamandla elanga ukuwa kwegridi yamandla e-Canada, ezithinta izigidi zabantu.
Esingakwenza ukuze sizilungiselele
Uma kwenzeka umcimbi we-PEM, bobabili abantu nezinhlangano kufanele benze izinhlelo eziphuthumayo. Ukusuka ukutholwa kwamajeneretha ezimele kuze kube ukuqaliswa kwamasu kahulumeni, ukulungiselela kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa imiphumela yomcimbi walolu hlobo.
I-Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) yinto enamandla okuphazamisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje, ethinta yonke into kusukela kumadivayisi womuntu siqu kuya engqalasizinda ebalulekile. Imvelaphi yabo ingaba yemvelo, njengasendabeni yokuvutha kwelanga, noma okokwenziwa, njengaleyo eqhutshwa ukuqhuma kwezikhali zenuzi kanye nemishini ekhethekile. Ukuzivikela ku-EMP kubandakanya amasu afana nala ukuzivikela kwe-electromagnetic, ukusetshenziswa kwe filtros kanye nokulungiselela ukuwa okungenzeka kwezinsizakalo ezibalulekile. Ukuthembela okukhulayo kubuchwepheshe kwenza ukuqonda lesi simo nokulungiselela imiphumela engase ibe khona kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.