- -Google ukhalaza ngenhlawulo eyirekhodi engu-€4.125 billion ebekwe yiKhomishini YaseYurophu.
- Isijeziso siphendula ekusetshenzisweni kabi kwesikhundla esiphezulu ngesistimu yayo yokusebenza Android.
- I-CJEU izohlaziya izimpikiswano zazo zombili izinhlangothi, bese kulindeleke ukuthi kube nesinqumo sokugcina ezinyangeni.
- Leli cala selidale ukungezwani phakathi kwe-Europe ne-United States mayelana nokuphathwa kwezinkampani zobuchwepheshe zaseMelika.
I-European Commission ne-Google babhekana futhi enkantolo ngesinye sezijeziso zezomnotho ezinkulu kakhulu emlandweni ecaleni lokuhlukumeza isikhundla esiphezulu. I kuhle, okusho ukuthi 4.125 million euro, yafakwa ekuqaleni ngo-2018 ngenxa yezinsolo zokusebenzisa i-anti-ukuncintisana Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android ukuqinisa isikhundla se-Google emakethe yokusesha ku-inthanethi.
Ingxabano igxile ezigabeni zezinkontileka i-Google ezinikeze zona abakhiqizi be Amadivayisi eselula. Ngokuka-Brussels, le mibandela idinga ukuthi Usesho lwe-Google ne-Chrome kufakwe ngaphambili njengemfuneko yokufinyelela ku-Google Play Isitolo, okukhawulela kakhulu izinketho zokuncintisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babonisa izinkokhelo kubakhiqizi kanye nama-opharetha ukugwema ukufaka izinjini zokusesha eziyimbangi kanye nokuvimbela amasistimu we-Android angagunyaziwe. Le mikhuba yayibhekwa njengendlela yokugcina yabo ubuholi bemakethe.
Ingxabano yokwahlulela engakaze ibonwe
Ngo-September 2022, iNkantolo Jikelele ye-European Union yavumelana neziningi zezinhlawulo ezihlongozwa yi-European Commission kodwa yehlisa kancane inhlawulo yokuqala Izigidi ezingu-4.343 a 4.125 million euro. Manje, icala selifinyelele eNkantolo Yobulungisa ye-European Union (CJEU), okuyinkantolo ephakeme kunazo zonke, lapho i-Google ifuna ukukuchitha ngokuphelele unswinyo.
Le nkampani ithi imikhawulo ebekiwe ibingahlosile ukuvimba ukuncintisana., kodwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzizwisa okulungiselelwe kubasebenzisi nonjiniyela. Ngokusho kwabamele i-Google, imodeli yebhizinisi ye-Android ibibalulekile yenza intando yeningi ukufinyelela kumaselula athengekayo futhi baphakamise ukuthi uhlelo lukhulise, kunokuba lubeke imingcele, ukuncintisana.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abameli be-European Commission bakuvikele ngamandla ukuba semthethweni kwenhlawulo. Baqinisekisa ukuthi, ngaphandle kwale mikhuba, imakethe izinjini zokucinga futhi iziphequluli bezizoba nokuthuthuka okunokulinganisela nokuncintisana.
Phakathi kwamaphuzu aphikisana kakhulu ukumangalelwa kukaBrussels a "isanqathe kanye nenduku isu" esetshenziswa i-Google ukuklomelisa abakhiqizi abasekela ukuhluka kwayo ngenkathi bejezisa labo abanikeza ezinye izinjini zokusesha. Abameli bomdondoshiya wezobuchwepheshe babize lezi zimangalo njengezingenasisekelo futhi a "isijeziso ngenxa yempumelelo kanye nokuqamba okusha".
Umthelela wezepolitiki nezomnotho
Ingxabano idlule umkhakha wezomthetho, okudala ukungezwani kwezepolitiki phakathi kweYurophu ne-United States. Owayengumongameli Donald Trump Usesole i-EU “ngokushushisa” izinkampani zobuchwepheshe zaseMelika ezifana neGoogle, Apple kanye Facebook ngokusebenzisa unswinyo lwezomnotho alubheka njengolungenabulungiswa. "Lezi zinkampani ngaseMelika, futhi akufanele ngabe zenza lokhu," kusho uTrump eDavos Economic Forum.
Lesi akusona ukuphela kwecala lokuhlukumeza isikhundla esiphezulu i-Google ebhekene nayo eYurophu. Ngaphambilini, inkampani yayivunyelwe nge 2.424 million euro ngokuthanda i-Google Shopping kanye Izigidi ezingu-1.490 ngokuhlukunyezwa ekukhangisweni kwe-inthanethi. Sekukonke, izinhlawulo zokungathembeki ezibhekiswe ku-Google e-Europe seziphelele ngaphezu kwalokho 8.000 million euro kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, egqamisa ukugadwa kokulawula okuqhubekayo enkampanini.
Icala le-Android: inhliziyo yokungqubuzana
Umsuka wale ngxabano usukela emuva 2015, lapho i-European Commission eholwa uMargrethe Vestager iqala uphenyo olunzulu. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu yokuhlaziya, ngo-2018 baphetha ngokuthi i-Google isebenzise imikhawulo engekho emthethweni ukuze ihlanganise ukubusa kwayo. Lezi zinyathelo zihlanganisa, phakathi kokunye, i isibopho sokufaka ngaphambili izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile nezivumelwano ezivimbe abakhiqizi ekusebenziseni ezinye izinguqulo ze-Android.
Ukusuka eBrussels, baqinisekisa ukuthi le mikhuba inciphise kakhulu amathuba okuncintisana emakethe, izuza kuphela ukuzimela kwe-Google. Nokho, inkampani yaseNyakatho Melika ithi i-Android iqhudelana nayo ngokuqondile izinhlelo ezisebenzayo izimbangi like iOS ye-Apple nokuthi abukho ubufakazi obanele bokukhombisa umonakalo ocacile noqondile kwabanye abadlali bemakethe.
Isivivinyo esinemiphumela engaba khona emhlabeni jikelele
Njengoba i-CJEU iqhubekela phambili nezingxoxo, isinqumo sokugcina, esingeke saphikiswa, kulindeleke ukuthi sikhishwe ezinyangeni ezizayo. Lesi sinqumo singasetha a isandulela esibalulekile ekulawuleni izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe, hhayi eYurophu kuphela, kodwa nakwezinye izindawo lapho kuvela khona izingxabano ezifanayo.
Ku-Google, lesi sinqumo siphinde sibe nomthelela wamasu. Ngaphandle kwenhlawulo enkulu, inkampani ingaphoqwa shintsha imodeli yebhizinisi lakho nezivumelwano zabo abenzi bemishini. Lokhu kuzomela ushintsho olukhulu endleleni esebenza ngayo ngaphakathi kwemakethe yaseYurophu.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, leli cala liyaqhubeka nokubhekwa ngokucophelela ngabathengi kanye nezinye izinkampani zobuchwepheshe, ezibona le ngxabano njengesibonakaliso esicacile sokuthi umthethonqubo emkhakheni ungabheka kuphi.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.