- I-Standard User Analyzer ikuvumela ukuthi uthole futhi unciphise izinkinga zokuhambisana ezibangelwa yi-UAC kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala.
- Ithuluzi linikeza ukulawula ukwenziwa kwe-virtualization kanye namalungelo aphezulu, futhi lingasebenzisa, lihlehlise, futhi lithumele izithiyo ngefomethi ye-MSI.
- Umsizi we-SUA uqondisa inqubo yokuhlaziya nokulungisa ngemininingwane yobuchwepheshe encane, okwenza umsebenzi ube lula kubaphathi.
- Uma ukwehluleka kubangelwa amafayela esistimu onakele, kungenzeka ukuwashintsha ngesandla njengesixazululo sokugcina ngaphambi kokufaka kabusha iWindows.
Lapho isicelo Isebenza kahle kakhulu ohlelweni oludala lwe-Windows bese iqala ukunikeza amaphutha. Ezinguqulweni zesimanje, cishe njalo kukhona imbangela ecacile: izinguquko ekuphepheni kwesistimu kanye nezimvume. Ezindaweni zezinkampani, lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi lapho kuthuthwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphakathi ezindala ziye ku-Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10, noma izinguqulo ezintsha ze-Windows Server. Yilapho ithuluzi le-Standard User Analyzer (SUA) lingena khona.
I-Standard User Analyzer iyingxenye ye I-Toolkit Yokuhambisana Nezinhlelo Zokusebenza futhi yakhelwe Thola izinkinga zokuhambisana ezihlobene nokulawulwa kwe-akhawunti yomsebenzisi (i-UAC) futhi usize ekuzilungiseni ngenhlanganisela yemibiko, izindlela zokunciphisa, kanye namaphakheji afakekayo. Kulesi sihloko, uzobona ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi isebenza kanjani, yiziphi izinkundla ezihlanganisayo, yiziphi izinketho ezinikezayo (kufaka phakathi i-virtualization kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu), nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukuze ubuyisele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibonakala zilahlekile.
Amapulatifomu ahambisanayo nezinhlelo zokusebenza
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenzisa i-SUA, kubalulekile ukucacisa ngezimo ezifanele kuzo. Leli thuluzi lokuhambisana lingasetshenziswaAkuzona zonke izinguqulo ze-Windows ezisebenzisa ngokugcwele, kodwa ububanzi bubanzi kakhulu kokubili izinhlelo zamakhasimende nezeseva.
Ngasohlangothini lwedeskithophu, ithuluzi liqondiswe ku Amaklayenti e-Windows XP, Windows Vista kanye ne-Windows 7, izimo lapho 32 bit izicelo Zingahluleka. Lezi zinhlelo zazilapho kanye ushintsho kumodeli yokuphepha nge-UAC lwabonakala khona kakhulu, lwaphula izinhlelo eziningi ezakhiwe ngomqondo wokuthi "wonke umuntu ungumlawuli".
Ngokuphathelene nendawo yeseva, i-SUA isetshenziswa ku I-Windows Server 2003, i-Windows Server 2008, kanye ne-Windows Server 2008 R2Kulezi zinhlelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza zebhizinisi kanye nezinsizakalo zangaphakathi zivame ukuncika ezindleleni ezivikelwe, okhiye bokubhalisa ababalulekile, noma izingxenye zesistimu ezingasakwazi ukufinyelelwa ngokukhululeka nge-akhawunti ejwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibhalo yesimanje yokuhambisana ne-Microsoft yandisa ukugxila futhi iveza ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-SUA kanye namasu ahlobene nakho kuyasebenza naku I-Windows 7, i-Windows 8, i-Windows 8.1, i-Windows 10, i-Windows Server 2012, kanye ne-Windows Server 2008 R2Ngamanye amazwi, yize ithuluzi ladalelwa izinguqulo zangaphambilini, izimiso zokunciphisa i-UAC kanye nokuhambisana kwazo zisasebenza ezinhlelweni zakamuva kakhulu.
Iyini i-Standard User Analyzer futhi iyixazulula yiphi inkinga?
I-Application Compatibility Toolkit (ACT) ihlanganisa ngokuyinhloko izingxenye ezimbili ezenzelwe ukubhekana ne-UAC: ithuluzi le-Standard User Analyzer (SUA) kanye ne-SUA WizardZombili zijikeleza emcabangweni ofanayo: ukuhlola izinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphansi komongo ojwayelekile womsebenzisi nokuthola ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi ehlulekayo ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimvume.
I-UAC, eyaziwa ezinsukwini zayo zokuqala njenge I-Akhawunti Yomsebenzisi Elinganiselwe (i-LUA) noma i-Akhawunti Yomsebenzisi ElinganiselweLokhu kuphoqa bonke abasebenzisi, ngisho nalabo abaseqenjini labaphathi, ukuthi basebenze njengabasebenzisi abajwayelekile ngokuzenzakalelayo. Amalungelo omlawuli anikezwa kuphela uma uhlelo lokusebenza luziphakamisa ngokusobala (isibonelo, ngokubonisa ibhokisi lokuqinisekisa elijwayelekile le-User Account Control (UAC).
Inkinga ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezindala zabhalwa kucatshangelwa ukuthi umsebenzisi Wayenamalungelo okuphatha angunaphakadeLezi zinhlelo zizama ukubhalela izindlela ezifana C: \ Windows o C: Amafayela wohlelo...noma shintsha okhiye bokubhalisa abavikelwe, noma finyelela izinsiza zesistimu umsebenzisi ojwayelekile angeke azithinte. Ku-Windows XP lokhu kuvame ukunganakwa ngoba cishe konke kusebenza ngamalungelo okuphatha, kodwa ezinhlelweni ezintsha lokhu kuvame ukuholela emaphutheni. ukuvalwa okungalindelekile noma ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile.
Umsebenzi we-SUA uwukuphinda ngqo ukusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza njengokungathi umsebenzisi ungumsebenzisi ojwayelekile. qapha zonke izingcingo ze-API ezifanele futhi ukhombe imisebenzi ehilela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, izicelo zamalungelo amaningi, noma izenzo ezingahambisani ne-UAC. Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi, iphakamisa izindlela zokunciphisa ezingasetshenziswa njengezixazululo zokuhambisana.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uMsizi we-SUA unikeza indlela eqondiswa kakhudlwana. umsizi wesinyathelo ngesinyatheloUhlelo lokusebenza luyahlaziywa futhi kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe izindlela zokunciphisa ngaphandle kokuhlola imininingwane yobuchwepheshe yombiko. Lulungele abaphathi abafuna imiphumela esheshayo nesebenzayo, noma ngabe kusho ukudela ukuhlaziya okujulile.
Indlela ithuluzi le-SUA elisebenza ngayo ngokoqobo
Ithuluzi le-SUA livumela uchwepheshe noma umphathi Sebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza ngaphansi kokugadwaQopha ukuziphatha kwakho bese ubuyekeza umbiko onemininingwane nazo zonke izinto ezitholwe ezihlobene ne-UAC. Kusukela kulowo mbiko, ungasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokunciphisa ezisebenza "njengama-logic patches."
Umsebenzi ojwayelekile we-SUA ungafingqwa kanje: okokuqala, uhlelo lokusebenza luqaliswa kusuka ku-SUA, bese ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kohlelo kukhiqizwa kabusha (vula, londoloza, lungiselela, njll.) ngenkathi ithuluzi iqapha izingcingo ze-Windows APIEkugcineni, umbiko okhiqiziwe uyahlolwa. Kukulesi sigaba lapho, isibonelo, kutholakala khona imizamo yokubhalela iRegistry emagatsheni avikelwe noma amafayela okufinyelela ezindleleni ezivinjelwe umsebenzisi ojwayelekile.
Isigameko ngasinye sihumusha sibe “izilungiso” noma izindlela zokunciphisa izinkinga ezingaba khona, ezihlanganiswa futhi zilethwe yi-SUA ngendlela elawulekayo. Umgomo awukona ukushintsha ikhodi yomthombo yohlelo lokusebenzakodwa kunalokho lungisa indlela uhlelo oluphatha ngayo, usebenzisa izendlalelo zokuhambisana, ukuqondisa kabusha, kanye namanye amaqhinga asekelwa ngokusemthethweni.
Umbiko we-SUA ungaba nemininingwane eminingi, kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezentengiselwano, amakhodi amaphutha, kanye nemizila. Leli zinga lemininingwane liyadingeka ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kuyigolide elicwengekile lamaqembu okusekela nokuthuthukisangoba ibatshela ngqo ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luzama ukwenzani nokuthi luhlangabezana kanjani nemikhawulo ye-UAC.
Ukwenza i-Virtualization nge-SUA ukuze kulingiswe ukuziphatha kwe-Windows XP
Esinye sezici ezithakazelisa kakhulu ze-SUA ukuphathwa kwayo kwe-virtualization yamafayela kanye nerejista, okuvumela ukuthi Uhlelo lokusebenza luziphatha ngendlela efanayo naleyo olusebenza ngayo ku-Windows XP.Ithuluzi le-SUA kuphela (hhayi umthakathi) elinikeza ukulawula okuqondile kokuvumela noma ukukhubaza lokhu kusetshenziswa kwe-virtualization.
Uma i-virtualization ivuliwe, ukufinyelela okuningi kokubhala okungaya ezindleleni ezivikelwe ngokombono kuqondiswa ngokusobala kwezinye izindawo kuphrofayela yomsebenzisi. Umphumela uba ukuthi uhlelo lukholelwa ukuthi lubhalela kufolda yesistimu, kodwa empeleni sebenza kukhophi endaweni ephephilengaleyo ndlela kugwenywe amaphutha emvume futhi kuncishiswe ingozi ekuzinzeni kwesistimu yokusebenza.
Ngokukhubaza lokhu ku-virtualization, uhlelo lokusebenza lubhekana ngqo nemikhawulo yangempela yezinguqulo zanamuhla ze-Windows, ukuze Ukuziphatha kwayo kufana kakhulu nokwemvelo ye-Windows XP. ngaphandle kwalezi zendlalelo zokuhambisana. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ekutholeni izinkinga ezivela kuphela uma i-virtualization ingekho.
Ezimweni zokuxilonga, kuyalulekwa ukuthi kuqhutshwe ukuhlolwa okune-virtualization okuvuliwe kanye nokukhutshaziwe. Lokhu kuvumela ukuqhathanisa indlela Isicelo siphendula kuzo zonke izimo bese unquma ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokunciphisa okufanele zisetshenziswe noma ukuthi kuyalulekwa yini ukuphoqa imodi yokuhambisana eqinile.
Ukuphathwa kwamalungelo aphezulu avela ku-SUA
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile kuthuluzi le-SUA yikhono lokulawula ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luqala yini noma ngabe kukhona ukwanda kwamalungeloFuthi, lesi sici esithuthukisiwe sitholakala kuphela kuthuluzi eliyinhloko hhayi kuwizard eqondiswayo.
Ku-interface ye-SUA kunenketho yokuvula noma ukukhubaza isici esibizwa ngokuthi "Qala ngamalungelo aphezulu"Uma le nketho ihlala ikhutshaziwe, uhlelo lokusebenza luqala ngezimvume zomsebenzisi ezijwayelekile, noma ngabe umsebenzisi ungoweqembu labaphathi. Le modi isiza ukubikezela ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga abasebenzisi abavamile abangabhekana nazo lapho besebenzisa uhlelo ngaphandle kwamalungelo omlawuli.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ibhokisi elithi "Qala ngamalungelo aphezulu" lihlolwa, uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenza sengathi umyalo we-UAC wamukelwe, okungukuthi, nezimvume ezigcwele zokuphathaKule modi, kuyabonakala amaphutha avelayo ngenkathi uhlelo lokusebenza lunamalungelo aphezulu, njengemisebenzi yangaphakathi eqhubeka nokuhluleka ngezizathu ezingezona eze-UAC.
Ukudlala ngazo zombili izilungiselelo kukuvumela ukuthi ubone umehluko: Yini ephukayo uma uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenza "bareback" njengomsebenzisi ojwayelekile? nokuthi yini esebenza kuphela uma iphakanyisiwe. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi ukunciphisa kwanele yini, ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukuphoqelela ukusebenza njengomphathi, noma ukuthi ikhambi eliwukuphela kwesisombululo esinengqondo ukuklama kabusha isofthiwe.
Ukusebenzisa Umsizi we-SUA: Ukuhlaziywa Okuqondiswayo Kwesinyathelo Ngesinyathelo
Umsizi we-SUA wenzelwe labo abakhetha indlela eqondile kakhulu futhi engenabuchwepheshe. Ngokusebenzisa isikhombikubona sesitayela somthakathi, ivumela landela inqubo eqondiswayo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuhlaziya uhlelo lokusebenza nokusebenzisa izindlela zokunciphisa ezikhethiwe ngaphandle kokudinga ukuzulazula emibikweni eyinkimbinkimbi.
Umsebenzi ufana nowethuluzi le-SUA, kodwa unama-granularity amancane. Okokuqala, kukhethwa uhlelo lokusebenza oluzohlaziywa, bese luqhutshwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa, bese ekugcineni, umthakathi uqedela inqubo. wethula uchungechunge lwezixazululo eziphakanyisiwe okungahlolwa noma kungahlolwa uma kudingeka.
Umehluko omkhulu uma uqhathaniswa ne-SUA ukuthi umsizi akaklanyelwe ukubuyekeza ngokuphelele konke izinkinga ezinemininingwane ezihlobene ne-UACIgxile esenzweni: ukuhlonza izinkinga ezifanele kakhulu nokunikeza izixazululo ezilungele ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhumusha yonke imicimbi ye-API.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi noma lapho inkinga iqhubeka, ngokuvamile kungcono ukushintsha kusuka ekubukeni okulula komthakathi uye kuthuluzi eliphelele le-SUA, lapho Ulwazi lobuchwepheshe lubanzi kakhulu. futhi kungenziwa izinqumo ezicwengekile kakhulu.
Sebenzisa, susa, futhi uthumele izithibelo ezivela ku-SUA
Uma isicelo sesihloliwe nge-SUA futhi izinkinga sezitholiwe, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi Sebenzisa izixazululo ezithile usebenzisa imenyu yokunciphisa ngaphakathi kwethuluzi ngokwalo. Le menyu iqukethe izenzo zokulungisa eziyinhloko.
Ngaphakathi kwemenyu yokunciphisa, sithola, okokuqala, umyalo "Sebenzisa Izinyathelo Zokunciphisa"Ukuyikhetha kuvula ibhokisi lengxoxo "Nciphisa Izinkinga ze-AppCompat"Lesi sigaba sinikeza zonke izindlela zokunciphisa ezitholakalayo zohlelo lokusebenza oluhlaziyiwe. Ukusuka lapho, umphathi angakhetha ukuthi yiziphi izilungiso azosebenzisa futhi aqinisekise izinguquko zokufakwa ohlelweni.
Uma ngemva kokusebenzisa ukulungisa okuthile kungasebenzi njengoba bekulindelekile, ungasebenzisa umyalo "Hlehlisa Izinyathelo Zokunciphisa"Le nketho itholakala nakumenyu yokunciphisa. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele izilungiso ezisanda kusetshenziswa, uma nje ithuluzi le-SUA... hlala uvulekile esimisweni esifanayo, njengoba itholakala kuphela ngaphambi kokuba ivalwe.
Uma ithuluzi livaliwe noma ukhetha ukusebenza ngaphakathi kohlelo ngokwalo, kuhlale kukhona okunye susa ngesandla ukulungiswa kokuhambisana Kusukela kuphaneli yokulawula, esigabeni esithi "Izinhlelo Nezici". Lapho uzothola okufakiwe okuhlobene nokulungiswa okukhiqizwe yi-SUA bese ukukususa njengokungathi kuyizinhlelo ezivamile.
Ekugcineni, umyalo wesithathu wokhiye uthi "Thumela Ukunciphisa njengefayela le-Windows Installer"Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthumele izilungiso ezisetshenzisiwe njengefayela le-Windows Installer elinesandiso se-.msi. Leli phakheji lingasatshalaliswa kwamanye amakhompyutha asebenzisa uhlelo olufanayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abasebenzisi banezixazululo ezifanayo zokuhambisana ngaphandle kokuphinda ukuhlaziya ngakunye.
Lungisa amafayela esistimu onakele ahlobene nokwehluleka kohlelo lokusebenza
Ngezinye izikhathi, uhlelo lokusebenza aluphumeleli nje kuphela ngenxa yezinkinga ze-UAC noma ukuhambisana, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi Ifayela lesistimu elibucayi lonakeleUma amathuluzi okulungisa okuzenzakalelayo engakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga, inketho isala ukuthola ifayela elonakele bese ulifaka ngesandla ikhophi enempilo.
Isinyathelo sokuqala sihilela ukubuyekeza amarekhodi noma imibiko (isibonelo, kusukela kumasevisi afana ne-SFC noma i-DISM) kuya ku- thola ukuthi yiliphi ifayela lesistimu elonakele kahle nokuthi itholakala kuphi. Uma indlela ephelele seyaziwa, ungaqhubeka nokulawula ifayela ukuze ulishintshe.
Esivivinyweni somyalo ophakanyisiwe, umyalo olandelayo usetshenziswa: ukuthatha /f, lapho isibambi-ndawo ithathelwa indawo yindlela kanye negama lefayela elinenkinga. Isibonelo, uma ifayela elithintekile liyi-jscript.dll kufolda ye-system32, umyalo uzoba ukuthatha /f C:\windows\system32\jscript.dll.
Ngemva kokuthatha ubunikazi befayela, kubalulekile ukunikeza izimvume ezigcwele kubaphathiUkuze wenze lokhu, umyalo we-icacls usetshenziswa ngale ndlela: icacls /abaphathi bezibonelelo:FUma uqhubeka nesibonelo, uzosebenzisa i-icacls C:\windows\system32\jscript.dll /grant administrators:F, ukuze iqembu labaphathi likwazi ukuguqula ifayela ngaphandle kwemingcele.
Njengoba izimvume zihlelwe kahle, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi shintsha ifayela elonakele ngokudala ikhophi ephelele. Uqala ngenguqulo enhle yefayela (isibonelo, kufolda yesikhashana noma kumidiya yangaphandle) bese ulikopisha endleleni yefayela elonakele. I-syntax evamile ingaba yinto efana nekhophi , kuphi yindlela eya kufayela elinempilo futhi indlela eya kufayela elonakele. Ukulandela isibonelo sangaphambilini, ingasetshenziswa kopisha i-E:\temp\jscript.dll C:\windows\system32\jscript.dll ukuze ubhale ifayela elinephutha ngefayela elifanele.
Uma, naphezu kwalezi zinyathelo, uhlelo luqhubeka nokubonisa amaphutha noma kungenzeki ukushintsha ifayela ngempumelelo, umonakalo ungaba mkhulu kakhulu. Kuleso simo, Mhlawumbe ayikho enye indlela ngaphandle kokucabangela ukufaka kabusha iWindows. noma usebenzise izinketho zokutakula ezithuthukisiwe, usebenzisa amathuluzi okuvuselela nokulungisa anikezwa uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwalo.
Ngamafuphi, inhlanganisela ye-Standard User Analyzer, i-wizard yayo, kanye namasu okulungisa amafayela esistimu ngesandla inikeza isethi ephelele ye ukuxilonga nokulungisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlulekile Uma uthuthela ezindaweni eziphephile nezisimanje, ukuqonda kahle ukuthi uLawulo lwe-Akhawunti Yomsebenzisi (i-UAC), izimvume, ukwenziwa kwe-virtualization, kanye nokunciphisa ukuhambisana kusebenzelana kanjani kubalulekile ekugcineni izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezindala zisebenza kahle ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuthuthukiswa kokuphepha kwezinguqulo zakamuva ze-Windows.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.