Indlela yokuxazulula nokulungisa ukufakwa kwe-Node.js kanye ne-npm ku-Windows kanye ne-macOS

Uma wake wazama ukuqala iphrojekthi wathola ukuthi i-terminal ayiboni imiyalo noma ukuthi amaphakheji omhlaba wonke asephenduke i-password, ungesabi. Kuvame kakhulu kunalokho ongase ukucabange. Ukufakwa kwe-Node.js kanye ne-npm Ziyawohloka noma zibangele izinkinga, ikakhulukazi uma sigxuma sisuka kwenye inguqulo siye kwenye noma lapho izimvume zesistimu yokusebenza ziba nzima.

Ukuze kuhlelwe kahle kulesi siphithiphithi, into yokuqala okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi i-Node.js yindawo ekuvumela ukuthi usebenzise i-JavaScript ngaphandle kwesiphequluli, kuyilapho i-npm inesibopho sokuphatha wonke amalabhulali. Uma laba ababili bengavumelani, indlela engcono kakhulu akusikho ukuzama "ukulungisa" ukufakwa kwamanje, kodwa kunalokho faka ukuhlanza okujulile bese ufaka kabusha usebenzisa amathuluzi avimbela inkinga ukuthi ingaphinde ivele esikhathini esizayo.

Ukukhetha inguqulo efanele: i-LTS noma i-Current?

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukulungisa, kufanele unqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela okufanele uyithathe. Inguqulo I-LTS (Usekelo Lwesikhathi Eside) Yindlela ephephile; yileyo okufanele uyisebenzise uma ufuna ukuzinza okuphelele ekukhiqizeni noma uma usaqala, njengoba ihlolwe kabanzi futhi ayivamile ukubangela izimanga.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinenguqulo yamanjeLena "i-cutting edge," lapho izici ezintsha zifika khona. Kuhle kakhulu ekuzameni noma uma udinga isici esisezingeni eliphezulu esivela kuhlaka, kodwa khumbula ukuthi ukwesekwa kufushane futhi kulapho kuvela khona amaphutha amaningi. izimbungulu noma ukungahambisani ngamaphakheji amadala.

Ukulungisa Nokufaka ku-Windows 11

Uma i-Node.js yehluleka ku-Windows, ngokuvamile kubangwa inkinga yendlela. Uma usebenzise isifaki esisemthethweni se-.msi, qiniseka ukuthi inketho ethi [insert option here] ikhethiwe ngesikhathi senqubo. engeza i-Node ku-PATHUma kungasebenzi, kuzodingeka uye ku-System Properties bese ufaka izindlela ku- y %AppData%\npm eziguquguqukayo zendawo yomsebenzisi.

Uma uthanda into yesimanje futhi ehlanzekile, ngincoma ukuthi uyisebenzise i-wingetesevele ihlanganiswe ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-11. Ngomyalo olula ofana Ungalungisa konke ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kukhona futhi i-Chocolatey, enye indlela enamandla kakhulu kulabo abathanda i- ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kwephakheji ngomugqa womyalo.

Kulabo abafuna ukugwema izinkinga zemvume nokushintsha izinguqulo ngaphandle kokuphula noma yini, ikhambi libizwa ngokuthi amafasitela e-nvmKuyiphrojekthi ehlukile kuneyeLinux/Mac ekuvumela ukuthi ufake izinguqulo eziningi zeNode bese ushintsha phakathi kwazo nge ukuvimbela amathuluzi omhlaba wonke ukuthi angazinzile.

Izixazululo zezindawo ze-macOS ne-Unix

Ku-Mac, indlela evame kakhulu ukusebenzisa iphakheji esemthethweni ye-.pkg, kodwa uma ufuna ukukhuphula umsebenzi wakho uye ezingeni elilandelayo, I-Homebrew iyithuluzi okuqinisekile. Ivumela ukufaka i-Node nge futhi ihlale ivuselelwa kalula nge Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nezingxabano zezixhumanisi ezixazululwa ngomyalo .

Kodwa-ke, "i-holy grail" yangempela ku-macOS iwukuthi nvm (Isiphathi Senguqulo yeNodi)Ngokufaka i-Node nge-nvm, amafayela agcinwa kufolda yakho yomsebenzisi hhayi kumafolda esistimu avinjelwe. Lokhu kuxazulula ngokuphelele inkinga eyesabekayo. Amaphutha emvume ye-EACCES, ukususa isidingo sokusebenzisa umyalo ukufaka amaphakheji omhlaba wonke.

Uma usebenzisa i-Linux (Ubuntu, i-Debian noma i-Fedora), kungcono ukusebenzisa izikripthi ze- I-NodeSource Ukuze uthole izinguqulo ze-LTS ezibuyekeziwe. Khumbula ukuthi uma usebenzisa i-WSL (Windows Subsystem ye-Linux), kungcono ukufaka i-Node ngqo ngaphakathi kokusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux futhi ungahlanganisi i-Windows binary ne-WSL binary, njengoba lokhu kungabangela izinkinga. izingxabano zomzila kuyacasula impela.

Ukuxazulula amaphutha avamile kanye nokugcinwa kwawo

Uma ubhala I-terminal izokutshela ukuthi umyalo awubonwa; ungesabi. Ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi isiqondisi se-npm global bin Akukho ku-PATH yakho. Ku-macOS naku-Linux, hlola ukuthi ifayela lakho o ilayisha kahle ukucushwa kwe-nvm lapho ingena ngemvume, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbela i-localhost yenqabile ukuxhuma noma ukwehluleka okufanayo kweseva yendawo.

Ukuze kugcinwe indawo enempilo, akwanele ukumane ufake bese ukhohlwa ngakho. Ukuyisebenzisa kubalulekile. ukuthola ngezikhathi ezithile ukuba sengozini kwezokuphepha emnyangweni wakho. Uma ubona ukuthi kukhona okuphelelwe yisikhathi, Izokutshela ukuthi yimaphi amaphakheji adinga ukubuyekezwa okuphuthumayo.

Elinye icebo labathuthukisi ukusebenzisa npxEsikhundleni sokugcwalisa uhlelo lwakho ngokufakwa komhlaba wonke okungangqubuzana, i-npx ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ama-CLI okwesikhashana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma udinga ukuphatha i-pnpm noma i-Yarn, vumela I-corepack ngomyalo ukuba nokulawula okuphelele kwabaphathi bephakheji.

Ukuze ushiye uhlelo luhlanzekile ngaphambi kokufakwa kabusha, ku-Windows akumelwe nje ususe uhlelo lokusebenza kuzilungiselelo, kodwa futhi ususe ngesandla amafolda asele ku- Ku-Mac, uma usebenzise i-Homebrew, ngokuvamile kwanele, yize ukuhlanza inqolobane ye-npm con Kuhlale kungumqondo omuhle ukuvimbela amaphutha amadala ukuthi aphinde avele.

Ukugcina indawo yokuthuthukiswa enempilo kuhilela ukubeka phambili izinguqulo ze-LTS, ukunikeza amathuluzi afana ne-NVM noma i-FNM ukulawula izinguqulo, nokugwema ukusebenzisa amalungelo okuphatha ukufaka amalabhulali ngazo zonke izindleko. Ngokuhlela kahle iziguquguquko zemvelo nokuhlanza amafayela esikhashana, singaqinisekisa ukuthi ama-Node.js kanye ne-npm asebenza kahle kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Lungisa I-Localhost Yenqabile Ukuxhuma Iphutha ku-Windows

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.