Uma usetha indawo yokurekhoda noma ufuna ukwenza umsindo wakho ube ngochwepheshe, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wahlangabezana nombuzo omkhulu: yisiphi isixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo esifanele mina? Empeleni, le divayisi iyinhliziyo yesitudiyo sakho , njengoba iyibhuloho elivumela izwi lakho, isiginci, noma noma iyiphi i-synthesizer ukuthi ifinyelele kukhompyutha yakho ukuze icutshungulwe futhi ixutshwe. Akuyona nje ikhadi lomsindo langaphandle, kodwa ithuluzi eliyinkimbinkimbi elichaza izinga eliphezulu lomsebenzi wakho womsindo.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ikhadi lomsindo elihlanganisiwe le-PC lanele, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi la makhadi alula kakhulu futhi avame ukuletha umsindo owesabekayo noma ukubambezeleka okucasulayo. Ukuze ugweme lezi zinkinga, udinga imishini ezinikele ephatha ngokunembile ukuguqulwa kwesignali ye-analog-to-digital . Kulesi sihloko, sizohlukanisa yonke imininingwane, kusukela kuzintambo kuya kubashayeli, ukuze ungachithi imali yakho futhi uthenge lokho okudingayo.
Isinyathelo sokuqala: ukuchaza iphrofayela yakho yokudala
Ngaphambi kokubheka amanani, udinga ukwazi ukuthi uzoyisebenzisela ini imishini. Akufani nomuntu ofuna ukwenza amavidiyo amafushane njengoba kunjalo nangomculi oqopha i-drum kit ephelele. Isibonelo, uma ungum- podcaster noma umfundisi we-inthanethi , okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izwi lakho lizwakale licacile; lapha, isihluthulelo inzuzo ye-preamp , ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ama-dynamic microphone adinga amandla amaningi ukuze ugweme ukukloloda.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abasakazi nabadali bokuqukethwe badinga okuthile okunamandla kakhulu. Kubo, ukuqondisa okubonakalayo noma i-loopback kubalulekile, njengoba kubavumela ukuthi baxube umsindo womdlalo, umculo wesiphequluli, kanye namazwi ngaphandle kwama-echoes. Uma ungumculi ozimele , beka phambili ukufaka kwe-Hi-Z kwezinsimbi zakho kanye nesilinganiso esiphezulu sesampula ukuze bakunike isikhundla sokuhlela ngemuva kokukhiqiza.
Ukuxhumana nezinhlobo zesignali: ulimi lwehadiwe
Uma ubheka ngemuva noma ngaphambili kwesixhumi esibonakalayo somsindo, uzobona izinhlobo eziningana zama-plug. Ezivame kakhulu izixhumi ze -XLR (Canon) , ezenzelwe ngqo ama-microphone, kanye nama-jack angu-6.35mm , afanelekela ama-guitar noma amakhibhodi. Izixhumi eziningi zesimanje zisebenzisa izixhumi ezihlanganisiwe , ezamukela izintambo zombili eziku-port efanayo, okuyinto elula kakhulu.
- Isignali yemakrofoni: Kuyisignali esibuthakathaka kakhulu esidinga ukukhuliswa ngokuphelele.
- Isignali yomugqa: Ivela kuma-synthesizer noma emishinini yezigubhu futhi kakade inezinga eliqinile.
- Isignali yensimbi (Hi-Z): Kubalulekile kumagitare kagesi namabhesi, njengoba ephatha ukuvimba okuphezulu kakhulu okudinga isekethe ekhethekile ukuze kugwenywe ukulahlekelwa ukukhanya.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile amandla e-phantom angu-48V . Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa ama-microphone e-condenser, isikhombikubona sakho sidinga ukuba nale nkinobho ivulwe, njengoba lawa ma-microphone ngeke asebenze ngaphandle kwamandla. Qaphela, ngoba ezinye izikhombikubona ezingabizi kakhulu zivula amandla e-phantom kuzo zonke iziteshi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kuyilapho izikhombikubona eziphakathi nendawo neziphezulu zikuvumela ukuthi ukwenze ngokuzimela esiteshini ngasinye.
Ngaphakathi komshini: ama-preamplifier nama-converter
I-preamp yilapho umlingo uvela khona. I-preamp enhle kufanele ibe nomsindo wokufaka ophansi kakhulu (cishe cishe u-128 dB) ukuqinisekisa ukuqoshwa okuhlanzekile. Inzuzo ingenye into ebalulekile; kuyilapho i-standard 55 dB yanele izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, ama-interface ane- 70 dB noma ngaphezulu akuvumela ukuthi ugweme ukuthenga ama-booster angaphandle njenge-Cloudlifter.
Bese kuba khona abaguquli be-ADC (i-analog-to-digital) kanye ne-DAC (i-digital-to-analog). Nakuba ama-interface amaningi azungeze i-€200 enikeza ikhwalithi enhle kulezi zinsuku, ukusetha i-DAC yangaphandle kanye nabashayeli bomsindo abangochwepheshe kuqinisekisa umsindo othembekile nocacile kakhulu. Ungalibali kakhulu i-192 kHz uma usaqala, njengoba i-24-bit/48 kHz yanele ukusakaza kanye nemikhiqizo eminingi yamanje.
Ukulwa nokulibaziseka kanye nokuvimba
Ukubambezeleka yilokho kulibaziseka okucasulayo phakathi kokucindezela inkinobho kanye nokuzwa kwayo ngama-headphone akho. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ikhompyutha icubungula umsindo ngamabhulokhi abizwa ngokuthi ama-buffer . Uma i-buffer inkulu kakhulu, ukubambezeleka kuyanda futhi akunakwenzeka ukucindezela okhiye ngesikhathi; uma incane kakhulu, i-PC ingaphahlazeka futhi uzozwa ukuchofoza noma ukucisha umsindo.
Ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu, cishe zonke izixhumi zomsindo zifaka ukuqapha okuqondile . Lesi sici sivumela isignali ukuthi ihambe ngqo kusuka kumakrofoni iye kuma-headphone akho ngaphandle kokudlula kukhompyutha, okuqeda ngokuphelele ukubambezeleka. Kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuvimbela abaculi ukuthi bangakhungatheki ngesikhathi sokurekhoda.
Abashayeli, Isofthiwe Nokuhambisana
Ezweni le-Windows, ukufaka abashayeli be-ASIO kuyimpoqo ukuze kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka kube amazinga ochwepheshe. Ku-Mac, kulula ngenxa ye-CoreAudio, eyenza amadivayisi amaningi axhumeke futhi adlale . Uma usebenza kukhompyutha yenkampani lapho ungakwazi ukufaka khona noma yini, funa izixhumi ze -USB Audio Class Compliant , ezisebenza nabashayeli abajwayelekile besistimu yokusebenza.
Ezinye izixhumi ezithuthukisiwe zifaka phakathi ukucutshungulwa kwe-DSP yangaphakathi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi isixhumi ngokwaso sineprosesa esebenzisa imiphumela efana ne-EQ noma ukucindezela ngaphandle kokulayisha ngokweqile i-CPU yekhompyutha yakho futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kokwengeza ukubambezeleka . Lokhu kuguqula ngempumelelo isixhumi esibonakalayo sibe yi-digital mixer ezimele.
Iziphakamiso ezisekelwe kusabelomali sakho
Kwabaqalayo abangafuni ukuchitha imali eningi, kunezinketho eziyisisekelo ezingaphansi kuka-€100 ezihlanganisa izinto ezibalulekile: okokufaka kwe-XLR kanye nokokufaka kwe-jack. Lokhu kulungele ukuthola ukuthi uyakujabulela yini ukuqopha ngaphandle kokutshala imali okuyingozi. Uma ufuna ibhalansi ephelele, ububanzi buka- €100 kuya ku-€200 buyindawo enhle, enamamodeli athembekile kakhulu anikeza ikhwalithi yobungcweti futhi avame ukufaka amaphakheji esofthiwe njenge-DAWs eziyisisekelo.
Kubasebenzisi abafuna kakhulu, kunezixhumi ezibiza ngaphezu kwama-€300 ezinikeza okokufaka okuningi kwe-analog kanye nedijithali (i-ADAT), okukuvumela ukuthi wandise inani leziteshi uma udinga ukuqopha ikhithi ephelele yesigubhu. Imikhiqizo efana ne -RME kanye ne-Universal Audio iyindinganiso kuma-studio ochwepheshe ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo okudumile kanye nekhwalithi yama-converter ayo.
Ukukhetha imishini efanele kuncike ekuhlaziyeni ukuthi zingaki izinsimbi ozoxhumanisa ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthi udinga amandla e-phantom, nokuthi umsindo wangemuva ubaluleke kangakanani endaweni yakho. Kusukela ekulula kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB-C ukuze sithwaleke kuye emandleni esistimu ene-DSP kanye nemiphumela eminingi, isihluthulelo ukuthi ihadiwe akufanele ibe yisithiyo, kodwa kunalokho ibe yisivikelo sokudala kwakho kwe-sonic, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsindo uqoshwa ngendlela emsulwa ngaphambi kokufaka isofthiwe yokuhlela.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.