Wake wazizwa sengathi ubambeke empini phakathi kwamazwe amabili obuchwepheshe? Ngakolunye uhlangothi, une-Windows, inkosi engenakuphikiswa ngokudlala izihloko zakamuva ze-AAA nokusebenzisa isofthiwe yobungcweti, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Linux, ipharadesi labahleli bezinhlelo kanye nabathandi bemithombo evulekile abafuna ukulawula okuphelele emshinini wakhoIzindaba ezinhle ukuthi awudingi ukugunda izinwele zakho noma ukuthenga enye ikhompyutha ukuze ujabulele kokubili.
Ukusetha uhlelo lokuqalisa oluphindwe kabili empeleni hlukanisa i-hard drive yakho Ukuze uhlelo ngalunye lokusebenza lube nekhaya lalo. Nakuba ukudlala ngama-partition kungase kubonakale kunzima ekuqaleni, uma ulandela izinyathelo ngokucophelela futhi ugwema noma yiziphi izingozi ezingadingekile, kuyinqubo ephephile impela. Kuzokuvumela ukuthi ushintshe phakathi kwezimo ngokumane uqale kabusha, ngaleyo ndlela uthole okungcono kakhulu kuzo zombili izinkundla ngaphandle kokuphazamisa enye.
Izidingo kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha
Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinyathelo, kufanele wenze uhlu lokuhlola ukuze ugweme izinto ezimangazayo. Into yokuqala nengcwele kakhulu: yenza isipele Yenza isipele sawo wonke amafayela akho abalulekile efwini noma kudrayivu yangaphandle. Ukulawula ama-partition kuhlale kunengozi encane, kodwa kungcono ukuphepha kunokuzisola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ubhale phansi ukhiye wakho womkhiqizo we-Windows ngokusebenzisa imiyalo ku-command prompt ukuze ugweme izinkinga zokusebenzisa kamuva.
Ukuze konke kuhambe kahle, udinga ukuhlola ukuthi i-PC yakho isebenzisa i- UEFI firmware nokuthi idiski inethebula lokuhlukanisa I-GPTUngakuqinisekisa lokhu ku-"System Information" ye-Windows. Uma ikhompyutha yakho indala kakhulu futhi isebenzisa i-BIOS endala, inqubo ihlukile, kodwa kulezi zinsuku cishe yonke into iyi-UEFI. Uzodinga nedrayivu ye-USB engenalutho okungenani engu-8GB, njengoba inqubo yokudala idrayivu ebhuthwayo izosula konke okukuyo.
Ukulungiselela amafasitela esivakashi
Awukwazi ukufaka i-Linux phezu kwayo kuphela; kufanele uqale ngokuyinika isikhala. Indlela evame kakhulu ukuthi nciphisa ukwahlukanisa C:Ungasebenzisa ithuluzi le-Windows lendabuko, elithi "Disk Management", noma ulandele umhlahlandlela ku- Indlela yokudala izingxenye ze-Linux kusuka ku-Windows Ukuze kucace kakhudlwana. Kungcono kakhulu, shiya isikhala esingabelwe phakathi 50 no-120 GBKuye ngokuthi uzosebenzisa i-Linux ukuze ufunde nje noma ukusetha indawo yokuthuthukiswa kobungcweti enama-container kanye nemishini ebonakalayo.
Kunezilungiselelo ezintathu ku-Windows ezingalimaza ukufakwa kwakho uma ungazishintshi. Okokuqala, kumele khubaza i-Fast Startup kuzinketho zamandla, njengoba lokhu kushiya idiski esimweni sokulala okungaphelele esingonakala amafayela uma i-Linux izama ukuwafinyelela. Okwesibili, uma unayo I-BitLocker inikwe amandlaYisuse ngokuphelele; ngaphandle kwalokho, isifaki se-Linux ngeke sikwazi ukubona ukwahlukanisa. Okokugcina, uma unenkinga yokunciphisa ivolumu yediski, zama... khubaza ukulala ubuthongo usebenzisa umyalo powercfg /h off.
Ukudalwa kwendawo yokufaka
Manje sekuyisikhathi sokulungisa idrayivu ye-USB. Okokuqala, landa isithombe se-ISO sokusabalalisa okuthandayo. Ubuntu kanye neFedora Lezi izinketho ezinhle kakhulu zabaqalayo ngoba zizinzile futhi ziyahambisana. Uma ufuna okuthile okuthuthukile noma okuncane kakhulu, i-Arch Linux noma i-CachyOS izindlela ezithakazelisayo, yize zidinga ikhono elengeziwe. Ukuze ushise i-ISO kudrayivu ye-USB, amathuluzi anjenge URufus noma uBalena Etcher Lezi yizona ezithembeke kakhulu; qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha uhlelo lokuhlukanisa lwe-GPT kanye nohlelo lwe-UEFI.
Uma usuyilungisile idrayivu ye-USB, qala kabusha i-PC yakho bese ufaka imenyu yokuqalisa ngokucindezela ngokuphindaphindiwe inkinobho ehambisanayo (F12, F10, Esc, kuye ngomkhiqizi). Kuzilungiselelo ze-BIOS/UEFI, cishe kuzodingeka ukuthi khubaza i-Secure Bootikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa okungenaso isiginesha yedijithali eyaziwayo. Nakuba i-Ubuntu ikuvumela ukuthi uyigcine isebenza, ukuyikhubaza kuvame ukusindisa amakhanda amaningi ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Inqubo yokufaka i-Linux
Ukuqalisa kusuka kudrayivu ye-USB kuzokubeka endaweni "ebukhoma", okukuvumela ukuthi uhlole uhlelo ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini. Lesi yisikhathi esifanele sokuqinisekisa ukuthi I-Wi-Fi kanye nomsebenzi womsindo kahle. Uma usuqinisekile, qalisa isifaki. Nansi iphuzu elibalulekile: uhlobo lokufakwa. Uma umusha, inketho "Faka eceleni kwe-Windows Boot Manager" Kuyindlela elula nephephile, njengoba uhlelo lukwenzela umsebenzi ongcolile.
Uma ukhetha ukulawula okugcwele, khetha ukuhlukanisa ngesandla ("Okuthile"). Kule modi, kufanele udale ukwahlukanisa kwempande (/) okufomethwe njenge-ext4 kanye, ngokuzithandela, ukwahlukanisa okuhlukile kwe-/home ukuze amafayela akho siqu angasulwa uma unquma ukufaka kabusha uhlelo. Lokhu kubalulekile. ungafomethi i-EFI partition ukufakwa kweWindows okukhona; udinga nje ukuyifaka /boot/efi ukuze i-bootloader ye-GRUB ikwazi ukuhambisana neyakwa-Microsoft.
Ukulungiselela kokugcina kanye nezilungiselelo zangemuva kokufakwa
Ngemva kokuqala kabusha, kufanele ubone imenyu ye- I-GRUBLesi yisikrini lapho ukhetha khona ukuthi iyiphi isistimu yokusebenza ozoyisebenzisa. Uma i-PC yakho iqala ukusebenza ngqo ku-Windows, kungenxa yokuthi i-oda lokuqalisa le-UEFI lisabeka phambili i-Microsoft. Ungakulungisa lokhu. ukushintsha i-oda le-boot ku-dual boot ngokufaka kabusha i-BIOS nokuhambisa okufakiwe kwe-Linux phezulu, noma ngokusebenzisa umyalo bcdedit kusuka kukhonsoli ye-Windows njengomphathi.
Inkinga evamile kakhulu ukuthi Isikhathi asisavumelani. uma ushintsha izinhlelo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba i-Linux isebenzisa indinganiso ye-UTC kanti i-Windows isebenzisa isikhathi sendawo. Isixazululo esisheshayo ukusebenzisa timedatectl set-local-rtc 1 ku-terminal ye-Linux. Uma ufuna ukwenza ngokwezifiso imenyu yokuqala, ungahlela ifayela /etc/default/grub ukushintsha isikhathi sokuvala noma ukusetha iWindows njengohlelo oluzenzakalelayo.
Okunye namathiphu engeziwe
Uma uthola ukuthi ukuqalisa kabili kunzima kakhulu ngezidingo zakho, kunezinye izindlela ezilula. umshini obonakalayo (njenge-VirtualBox) ilungele uma udinga i-Linux kuphela ngemisebenzi ethile ngaphandle kokuqala kabusha. Kukhona ne-WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux), ehlanganisa i-terminal ye-Linux ngqo ku-Windows. Kodwa-ke, ayikho kulezi zinketho enikeza ukusebenza kwehadiwe yomdabu Ikunikeza i-dual boot, ebalulekile ekuhleleni nge-Docker noma ekusebenziseni isofthiwe esindayo.
Kulabo abasebenza ekuthuthukisweni, kunconywa ukufaka amathuluzi abalulekile njenge i-git, i-build-essential kanye ne-Visual Studio Code Ngemva nje kokuqedwa kokufakwa. Uma une-hard drive yomshini (i-HDD) esikhundleni se-SSD, bekezela, njengoba izikhathi zokulayisha zizoba zinde, kodwa ukusebenza kuyafana ncamashi. Khumbula ukuthi ungafinyelela amafayela akho e-Windows kusuka ku-Linux ngokufaka i-NTFS partition, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuhamba komsebenzi okwabiwe.
Ukuba nohlelo lwe-dual-boot kuyisu eliphelele lokungadingi ukuyeka noma yiliphi ithuluzi, okukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe phakathi kokuqina kwe-Windows kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-Linux kuye ngomsebenzi. Kusukela ekulungiseleleni idiski ngokucophelela kanye nokukhubaza izici ze-Microsoft ezivimbayo, kuya ekulungiseleleni i-bootloader ye-GRUB kanye nokulungisa isikhathi sesistimu, isinyathelo ngasinye siqinisekisa ukuthi zombili izindawo zihlala ndawonye ngokuvumelana ngaphandle kwengozi yokulahleka kwedatha.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.