Zitholele Indlela Yokuvula Inethiwekhi Ye-WiFi Ngezinyathelo Ezi-5 Ezilula

Sonke sinaleso sikhathi lapho sidinga ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi futhi sithole ukuthi ivinjiwe. Lokhu kungaba ukuphazamiseka kwangempela lapho sidinga ukungena ku-inthanethi ngokushesha, noma ngabe ukusebenza, ukufunda noma ukuphequlula nje.

Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa ukuthi ungayivula kanjani inethiwekhi ye-WiFi ngezinyathelo ezi-5 ezilula, ukuze ungaphinde ushiywe ungenakho uxhumano futhi.

Ngaphambi kokuba siqale, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi lesi sihloko sinolwazi kuphela futhi asikhuthazi izenzo ezingekho emthethweni noma zokuziphatha okubi. Inhloso ukukusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono ukuthi amanethiwekhi angenantambo asebenza kanjani nokuthi ungakuvikela kanjani ukuxhumana kwakho.

1. Yazi izinhlobo zokuphepha ze-WiFi

Into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukuze uthole ukuthi ungayivula kanjani inethiwekhi ye-WiFi ngezinyathelo ezi-5 ezilula ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphepha ezikhona. Kunamaphrothokholi amathathu okuphepha we-WiFi:

• I-WEP (Ubumfihlo Be-Wired Equivalent): Iyona endala futhi ivikeleke kancane kuzo zontathu. Ithathelwe indawo yi-WPA ngenxa yokuba sengozini okuningi.
• I-WPA (Ukufinyelela Okuvikelwe Nge-Wi-Fi): Kungukuthuthuka okukhulu kune-WEP, kodwa kusenobuthakathaka obuthile.
• I-WPA2 (Ukufinyelela Okuvikelekile kwe-Wi-Fi II): Iyiphrothokholi yakamuva nevikeleke kakhulu esetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi amaningi esimanje e-WiFi.

Ngayinye yalezi zivumelwano isebenzisa izindlela ezihlukene zokubethela nezindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuvikela ulwazi oludluliswa kunethiwekhi.

2. Sebenzisa ukuhlaziya i-WiFi namathuluzi okuhlola

Kunamathuluzi ambalwa angakusiza uqonde kangcono ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi ye-WiFi futhi uthole ubungozi obungaba khona. Ezinye zezinketho ezidume kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Aircrack-ng: Isethi yamathuluzi okuhlola amanethiwekhi e-WiFi ahlanganisa izinhlelo zokuthwebula amaphakethe, ukuwahlaziya, futhi ekugcineni uvulele inethiwekhi.
• kuyiKismet: Isiphunga senethiwekhi engenantambo esinamandla nomtshina osebenza nanoma iyiphi i-adaptha yenethiwekhi engenantambo ehambisanayo.
• I-Wireshark: Isihlaziyi sephrothokholi yenethiwekhi esetshenziswa kakhulukazi ukuxazulula izinkinga zenethiwekhi yezokuxhumana, kodwa futhi singaba usizo ekuhloleni ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi engenantambo.

Ngalawa mathuluzi, uzokwazi ukuthola ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokucushwa nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi ye-WiFi ofuna ukuyivula, okukuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela ongayisebenzisa ezinyathelweni ezilandelayo.

3. Isichazamazwi noma ukuhlasela kwe-brute force

Uma inethiwekhi yakho isebenzisa i-WEP, i-WPA, noma i-WPA2 enephasiwedi ebuthaka, ungakwazi ukuthola ukhiye usebenzisa isichazamazwi noma ukuhlasela kwe-brute force. Lezi zindlela zihlanganisa ukuzama ngokuhlelekile zonke izinhlanganisela zezinhlamvu ezingaba khona kuze kutholakale igama-mfihlo elilungile. Nakuba zingasebenza ngempumelelo, zingadla isikhathi futhi zidinga izinsiza ezibalulekile zokubala.

Kunezinhlelo ezifana I-Fern WiFi Cracker o I-Hashcat okwenza le nqubo ibe lula ngokwenza ukuhlasela ngokuzenzakalela nokusebenzisa uhlu lwamagama oluhlanganiswe ngaphambilini noma ama-algorithms okukhiqiza iphasiwedi, okusheshisa kakhulu inqubo.

4. Ukuhlasela kobunjiniyela bezenhlalakahle

Esikhundleni sokuzama ukwephula ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi ngokuqondile, ungazama futhi ukuthola iphasiwedi ngokusebenzisa ubunjiniyela bokuxhumana nabantu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

• Buka othile efaka iphasiwedi.
• Buza othile owazi iphasiwedi (njalo ngezinhloso ezisemthethweni).
• Bheka igama-mfihlo elibhalwe ndawana thize eduze nendawo yokungena (ngokuvamile, abanikazi benethiwekhi babhala iphasiwedi kulebula enamathiselwe endaweni yokufinyelela). router).

Ubunjiniyela bomphakathi bungaba indlela ephumelelayo yokufinyelela kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi obuchwepheshe, kodwa kudinga amakhono okuncenga nokubuka.

5. Vikela inethiwekhi yakho ye-WiFi

Manje njengoba usuyazi ukuthi ungayivula kanjani inethiwekhi ye-WiFi ngezinyathelo ezi-5 ezilula, kubalulekile ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuxhumana kwakho okungenantambo kubahlaseli abangaba khona. Nazi ezinye izincomo:

1. Sebenzisa iphasiwedi eqinile: Qiniseka ukuthi iphasiwedi yakho yinde ngokwanele (okungenani izinhlamvu eziyi-12) futhi iyinkimbinkimbi, kuhlanganisa izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izinombolo kanye izimpawu.
2. Buyekeza i-firmware yomzila wakho: Izibuyekezo ze-Firmware ngokuvamile zihlanganisa iziqephu zokuphepha ezingavikela inethiwekhi yakho ezingozini ezaziwayo.
3. Sebenzisa i-WPA2 noma i-WPA3: Gwema ukusebenzisa i-WEP njengephrothokholi yezokuphepha, njengoba kulula ukuyephula. Kunalokho, khetha i-WPA2 noma, uma irutha yakho iyisekela, i-WPA3, evikeleke nakakhulu.
4. Khubaza i-WPS: I-Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) ingaba indlela elula yokuxhuma amadivayisi kunethiwekhi yakho, kodwa ingase futhi isetshenziswe abahlaseli. Ikhubaze uma ungayisebenzisi.
5. Qamba kabusha inethiwekhi (I-SSID): Ungasebenzisi igama elimisiwe lomkhiqizi, njengoba lokhu kungase kwembule ulwazi mayelana nerutha yakho engase ibe usizo kumhlaseli.

Ungaba Kanjani Isivinini Se-inthanethi Esisheshayo Ngokushintsha Isilungiselelo Esilula

Ungazi kanjani ukuthi amaphasiwedi e-WI-FI agcinwa kuphi

Imaphi amathuluzi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuvula inethiwekhi ye-WiFi ngokuphepha nangokushesha?

Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi ukuvula inethiwekhi ye-WiFi ngaphandle kwemvume kuwumkhuba ongekho emthethweni futhi kungaba nemiphumela yezomthetho. Njengomdali wokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe, isibopho sethu ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezimiso zokuziphatha nokusemthethweni kwamathuluzi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo.

Esikhundleni sokuvula amanethiwekhi abanye abantu be-WiFi, ngingancoma ukuthi ngigxile ekutheni ungathuthukisa kanjani futhi uthuthukise ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yakho. Ezinye izenzo ongazithatha yilezi:

1. Buyekeza i-firmware ye-router: Kubalulekile ukugcina i-firmware yerutha yakho ibuyekeziwe, njengoba lokhu kungalungisa ubungozi futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi kukonke.

2. Sebenzisa izivumelwano zokuphepha ezifanele: Qiniseka ukuthi inethiwekhi yakho ivikelwe ngephrothokholi yokuvikela eqinile, efana ne-WPA3, evikeleke kakhulu kune-WPA2 ne-WEP.

3. Setha amaphasiwedi aqinile futhi ahlukile: Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi okunzima ukuwaqagela futhi ushintshe iphasiwedi yakho yenethiwekhi ye-WiFi njalo ukuze uvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.

4. Nika amandla ukuhlunga ikheli I-MAC: Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuthi ucacise ukuthi imaphi amadivayisi angaxhumeka kunethiwekhi yakho, okungasiza ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungadingeki.

5. Khubaza umsebenzi we-WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup).: Nakuba i-WPS ikwenza kube lula ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi, ingase futhi isetshenziswe abahlaseli ukuze ufinyelele inethiwekhi yakho ye-WiFi.

6. Gada ukusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi yakho: Buyekeza ngezikhathi ezithile uhlu lwamadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi yakho ukuze uhlonze abangaba abahlaseli futhi uthathe isinyathelo uma kudingeka.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphepha ku-inthanethi kuwumthwalo wawo wonke umuntu futhi kufanele sikhuthaze imikhuba yokuziphatha nezomthetho lapho sisebenzisa amathuluzi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe.

Yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe lapho uzama ukufinyelela inethiwekhi ye-WiFi evinjiwe ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezingaba khona zezomthetho noma zokuphepha?

Uma uzama ukufinyelela inethiwekhi ye-WiFi evinjiwe, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokugwema izinkinga zomthetho nezokuphepha. Ngezansi ezinye izinyathelo okufanele zicatshangelwe:

1. Ulwazi lwemithetho yendawo: Ngaphambi kokuzama ukufinyelela inethiwekhi ye-WiFi evinjiwe, qiniseka ukuthi uyayiqonda imithetho yendawo emayelana nokugebenga nokufinyelela kwenethiwekhi okungagunyaziwe. Ukwephulwa kwale mithetho kungase kubangele imiphumela yezomthetho.

2. Gwema ukufinyelela amanethiwekhi ayimfihlo ngaphandle kwemvume: Ukufinyelela amanethiwekhi e-WiFi ayimfihlo ngaphandle kokugunyazwa akulungile futhi kungase kube emthethweni. Hlala ucela imvume kumnikazi wenethiwekhi ngaphambi kokuzama ukuxhuma.

3. Sebenzisa ukuxhumana okuvikelekile: Uma uxhuma kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi yomphakathi noma engaziwa, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa ukuxhumana okuphephile, njenge-HTTPS, ukuze uvikele idatha yakho futhi uqinisekise ubumfihlo.

4. Vikela amadivayisi akho: Qiniseka ukuthi idivayisi yakho inohlelo lwakamuva lwe-antivirus olufakiwe kanye ne-firewall esebenzayo ukuze ikuvikele ezinsongweni zokuphepha ezingaba khona lapho uxhuma kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi engaziwa.

5. Gada imisebenzi yakho eku-inthanethi: Gwema ukwenza imisebenzi yezezimali noma ukufaka amaphasiwedi nedatha yomuntu siqu ebucayi lapho uxhumeke kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi engavikelekile.

6. Vala ukwabelana kwefayela nephrinta: Uma uxhuma kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi engaziwa, vala ukwabelana kwefayela nephrinta ukuze uvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumafayela akho ngabanye abasebenzisi kunethiwekhi.

7. Sebenzisa i- i-VPN: Inethiwekhi yangasese ebonakalayo (VPN) ikuvumela ukuthi udale ukuxhumana okuphephile, okubethelwe ngenethiwekhi ye-WiFi yomphakathi noma engaziwa, evikela ubumfihlo bakho nedatha.

8. Nqamula kunethiwekhi uma ingasebenzi: Uma usuqedile ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-WiFi evinjiwe, qiniseka ukuthi uyayinqamula idivayisi yakho ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuchayeka ezinsongweni zokuphepha ezingaba khona.

Ngamafuphi, uma uzama ukufinyelela inethiwekhi ye-WiFi evinjiwe, kubalulekile ukwazi imithetho yendawo, ucele imvume kumnikazi wenethiwekhi, uvikele izisetshenziswa zakho, futhi uqaphele imisebenzi ye-inthanethi ukuze ugweme izinkinga zomthetho nezokuphepha.

Ungabona kanjani ukuthi inethiwekhi ye-WiFi esifuna ukuyivula isebenzisa ukubethela kwe-WEP, WPA noma i-WPA2, futhi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yohlobo ngalunye lokuphepha?

Ukuze ubone ukuthi inethiwekhi ye-WiFi isebenzisa ukubethela kwe-WEP, WPA noma i-WPA2, udinga ukulandela izinyathelo ezithile futhi usebenzise amathuluzi afanelekile. Izindlela zohlobo ngalunye lokuphepha zichazwe ngezansi.

1. Khomba uhlobo lokubethela
Ukuze uthole ukuthi ingabe inethiwekhi ye-WiFi isebenzisa i-WEP, i-WPA, noma i-WPA2, kufanele uqale useshe inethiwekhi kudivayisi yakho. Uma ikhethiwe, imininingwane yezokuphepha kufanele iboniswe eduze kwegama layo. Uma ingaveli, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana I-WiFi Analyzer en Android noma izinhlelo ezifana I-WirelessNetView en Windows ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nenethiwekhi, kuhlanganise nohlobo lwayo lokubethela.

2. Izindlela zokuvula kuye ngohlobo lokubethela
Ngezansi kunezindlela zokuvula amanethiwekhi anezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphepha:

- I-WEP (Ubumfihlo Be-Wired Equivalent): Iwumbhalo wemfihlo omdala futhi ovikeleke kancane. Ukuvula inethiwekhi ye-WiFi nge-WEP, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo ezifana I-Aircrack-ng o I-Wireshark ethwebula amaphakethe wedatha futhi isuse ukubhala phansi iphasiwedi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindlela azikho emthethweni futhi ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kokugunyazwa akunconywa.

- I-WPA (Ukufinyelela Okuvikelwe Nge-Wi-Fi): Ukubethela okuvikeleke kakhulu kune-WEP, kodwa kusenobungozi. Ukuvula inethiwekhi ye-WiFi nge-WPA, ungenza ukuhlasela kwe-brute force usebenzisa amathuluzi afana Ukulungisa kabusha o I-Hashcat. Lezi zindlela nazo azikho emthethweni ngaphandle kokugunyazwa futhi zingadinga isikhathi eside ukuze ziphumelele.

- I-WPA2 (Ukufinyelela Okuvikelekile kwe-Wi-Fi II): Iwukubethela okuvikeleke kakhulu okutholakalayo njengamanje. Uma inethiwekhi isebenzisa i-WPA2, kunzima kakhulu ukuyivula ngaphandle kwephasiwedi efanele. Ungazama ukuhlasela kwe-brute force, kodwa el tiempo okudingekayo ukuze uvule iphasiwedi yinde ngokweqile. Inketho engcono kakhulu ukuthola igama eliyimfihlo ngokusemthethweni, ngokulicela kumnikazi wenethiwekhi noma ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi omphakathi amahhala.

Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi ukuzama ukuvula amanethiwekhi e-WiFi ngaphandle kokugunyazwa kuwumkhuba ongekho emthethweni futhi kungaba nemiphumela yezomthetho. Lolu lwazi luhlinzekelwe kuphela ngezinjongo zokufundisa nokuqwashisa mayelana nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi engenantambo.

Yiziphi izingozi nemiphumela eyinhloko mayelana nokuphepha kwekhompyutha lapho uvula futhi uxhuma kumanethiwekhi e-WiFi yabanye abantu ngaphandle kwemvume?

Vula futhi uxhume kwamanye amanethiwekhi we-WiFi ngaphandle kwemvume Ingabandakanya uchungechunge lwezingozi nemiphumela ezingeni lokuphepha kwekhompyutha, kokubili kumsebenzisi nomnikazi wenethiwekhi. Ezinye zezingozi ezinkulu nemiphumela yilezi:

1. ukwephulwa kobumfihlo: Ngokuxhuma kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi yangaphandle ngaphandle kwemvume, umsebenzisi angase afinyelele ulwazi oluyimfihlo noma lomuntu siqu lomnikazi wenethiwekhi, okungasho ukwephulwa kobumfihlo bakhe.

2. Ukungavikeleki koxhumano: Amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi ezinkampani zangaphandle angase angabi nazo izinyathelo zokuphepha ezanele, ezibeka umsebenzisi engozini yokuhlaselwa yizigebengu ze-inthanethi ezifuna ukuntshontsha imininingwane ebucayi, njengamaphasiwedi noma imininingwane yasebhange.

3. I-Malware negciwane: Ukuxhuma kumanethiwekhi angaziwa kwandisa ingozi yokuthi idivayisi yomsebenzisi itheleleke nge-malware noma amagciwane, njengoba kungase kube nezinhlelo ezinonya kunethiwekhi ezisizakala ngokuba sengozini kumadivayisi axhunyiwe.

4. Ukuhlasela komuntu phakathi: Ngokuxhuma kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi yangaphandle, umsebenzisi angaba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa komuntu ophakathi nendawo, lapho isigebengu se-inthanethi sinqamula futhi silawule ukuxhumana phakathi kwedivayisi yomsebenzisi nenethiwekhi, sikwazi ukufinyelela ulwazi oluyimfihlo noma ngisho nokuzenza umsebenzisi.

5. Ukuzibophezela ngokomthetho: Kwamanye amazwe, ukuvula nokuxhumeka kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi yabanye abantu ngaphandle kwemvume kungathathwa njengobugebengu, okungaholela emiphumeleni esemthethweni kumsebenzisi, njengezijeziso zezezimali noma zobugebengu.

6. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza kanye nomkhawulokudonsa: Ukusetshenziswa okungagunyaziwe kwenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi yomuntu wesithathu kungadala ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezisetshenziswa kanye nomkhawulokudonsa, okuthinta ikhwalithi yokuxhuma kumnikazi wenethiwekhi nabanye abasebenzisi abagunyaziwe.

Uma kubhekwa ukubaluleka okwandayo kokuvikeleka kwamakhompiyutha emphakathini wethu, kubalulekile ukuthi abasebenzisi bazi ngalezi zingozi futhi bagweme ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi ye-WiFi yabanye abantu ngaphandle kwemvume, bakhethe ukusebenzisa amanethiwekhi avikelekile nathembekile noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka.

Yabelana ngenkululeko ye-WiFi!

Ingabe ufuna ukuba iqhawe labangane bakho ngokubakhulula ekuxhakathisweni kwesithukuthezi esingena-WiFi? Yabelana ngesihloko sethu esithi “Zitholele Indlela Yokuvula Inethiwekhi Ye-WiFi Ngezinyathelo Ezi-5 Ezilula” ezinkundleni zokuxhumana! Ungakhohlwa ukumaka abangani bakho nomndeni okungenzeka bakudinge.

Ungabi yisihambi, sifuna ukuzwa kuwe!

Uma unemibuzo, iziphakamiso noma ufuna ukusitshela ngolwazi lwakho lokuvula amanethiwekhi e-WiFi, sishiyele amazwana ngezansi. Uma ukhetha ukusithumelela umlayezo oyimfihlo, ungangabazi ukuxhumana nomlawuli wale bhulogi. Asikwazi ukulinda ukuhlangana nawe!