- Umgcini-sango, amasiginesha, kanye ne-notarization ivikela ama-macOS ngokuqinisekisa Izinhlelo zokusebenza futhi block I-malware kwaziwa.
- Ukuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle kudinga ukuphatha okuhlukile futhi ulungise ngokucophelela izilungiselelo Zobumfihlo Nezokuvikela.
- Landa kuphela kumasayithi asemthethweni, gwema isofthiwe egcwele izimbangi, futhi usebenzise amathuluzi okuphepha athembekile.
Ku-macOS, indlela eqondile nephephe kakhulu yokufaka isoftware i-App Store, kodwa kunezimo lapho udinga khona izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingekho. Noma ngabe izici ezithuthukile, izinguqulo ezithile, noma amathuluzi angochwepheshe, ukulanda nokufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza kuwebhu kuyenzeka futhi, uma kwenziwa kahle, kungaphepha.
Inhloso yalo mhlahlandlela ukukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi ukuphepha kwe-macOS kusebenza kanjani (Umgcini-sango, i-notarization, namasiginesha), iziphi izexwayiso ozozibona, uzivumela noma uzivimbe kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuthi zisetshenziswa nini ukuphela nokuthi yiziphi izingozi zangempela. Sihlanganisa imikhuba emihle, izinyathelo ezicacile nezixwayiso ezinesisekelo esihle ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi ugcine ezakho Mac.
Isitolo Sohlelo Lokusebenza: Isiteshi Esiphephe Kakhulu, nokuthi Kungani
I-Apple ihlola kuqala izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-App Store, izisayinde ngokwedijithali, futhi ingazisusa uma kutholwa izinkinga. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe ye-malware noma ukuphazamisa.Ngokubuyisela emuva, onjiniyela bathatha ikhomishini engu-30% yemisebenzi, echaza ukuthi kungani ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zikhetha ukuzisabalalisa ngokwazo ngamawebhusayithi azo.
Noma nini i-ascargas Ngaphandle kwe-App Store, i-macOS isabukele. Umgcini-sango uhlola isignesha ye-ID kanjiniyela futhi, ku-macOS Catalina futhi kamuva, idinga ukubhaliswa, inqubo ezenzakalelayo, ebuyekezwe umuntu eskena uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olwaziwayo ngaphambi kokuvumela ukusetshenziswa.
I-Apple imininingwane yokuthi u-Gatekeeper wenza amasheke ku-inthanethi ukuze athole uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kanye nokuhoxiswa kwesitifiketi. Lokhu kuhlola akuhlobanisi idatha ne-akhawunti yakho noma idivayisi., futhi inkampani ithi ayirekhodi ama-IP kulezi zinqubo futhi isusa lawo aqoqwe okwesikhashana.
Uma kukhona okungahambanga kahle, uzobona izexwayiso: zokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lungalimaza ikhompuyutha yakho, ukuthi lonakalisiwe noma lonakalisiwe, noma ukuthi unjiniyela akakwazi ukuqinisekiswa. Uma ubhekene nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olwaziwayo, i-macOS ingase ivimbe ukusetshenziswa futhi ihambise uhlelo lokusebenza kudoti., futhi ucele nokwabelana ngesampula ngokungaziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha kwesistimu.
Ukulanda okuvela kumasayithi asemthethweni neminye imithombo: imihlahlandlela ebalulekile
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezichwepheshile zilandwa kuwebhusayithi yonjiniyela noma ngabe zisesitolo. Kujwayelekile ukucinga ngaphakathi -Google igama lohlelo lokusebenza elilandelwa yi-"macOS" noma "Mac". Hlala ubeke phambili isayithi lonjiniyela noma izinkundla ezaziwayo, futhi uqaphele izixhumanisi kuma-imeyili angacelwanga noma ukulanda okuthembisa “ukuqhekeka.”
Akuwona wonke ama-app angaphandle kwe-App Store ayingozi. Izibonelo ezifana ne-Blender, I-Substance Painter noma ukuthola isitifiketi sedijithali Zifakwe ku-inthanethi futhi zisemthethweni. Uma i-macOS ingawuboni umthombo, izobonisa izithiyo eziningi, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi kukhona uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha.
Kwesinye isikhathi uhlelo lokusebenza olulandwe kuwebhu lungase lungaveli ku-Launchpad ngokushesha. Ilondoloze kokuthi Okulandiwe, ithole futhi uqinisekise ubuqotho bayo ngaphambi kokuyihambisa kokuthi Izinhlelo zokusebenza. Uhlelo lokusebenza olunconywe inkampani yakho noma inyuvesi lungase luphephe ngisho noma lungekho esitolo sohlelo lokusebenza.
Gwema isofthiwe ephihliwe noma engabazekayo. Izinguqulo eziguquliwe ziyi-vector yakudala yokutheleleka Futhi, ngaphezu kokungekho emthethweni, bangavula umnyango weTrojans, i-adware, kanye nokwebiwa kwedatha.
Umgcini-sango, I-ID Yonjiniyela, kanye Nokwaziswa: Indlela Abakuvikela Ngayo
Uma uqala ngokuvula uhlelo lokusebenza ngaphandle kwe-App Store, umgcini-sango uyangenelela. Uma isiginesha yonjiniyela ivumelekile futhi uhlelo lokusebenza lungagunyaziwe, ungaluvula ngokuqinisekisa kwakho.Uma unjiniyela engakwazi ukuqinisekiswa noma uhlelo lokusebenza lungagunyaziwe (i-Catalina noma kamuva), uzobona ukuvinjwa.
Imilayezo evamile: Isistimu ingase ixwayise ngokuthi “unjiniyela akakwazi ukuqinisekiswa,” ukuthi “uhlelo lokusebenza lonakalisiwe noma lushintshiwe,” noma ukuthi “lingase lilimaze ikhompuyutha yakho.” Uma i-malware eyaziwayo itholwa, uhlelo lokusebenza luyavinjwa futhi luthunyelwe kudoti.; ezimeni zezitifiketi ezichithiwe, ukubulawa akuvunyelwe.
Kusemqoka ukuqonda ukuthi ukweqa u-Gatekeeper ngesandla kuwumthombo wezifo eziningi. Ungazishayi indiva izixwayiso uma ungaqiniseki ngokuphelele ngemvelaphi yazo nobuqotho bazo. salokho ogijimayo. Noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka, bheka izinguqulo ezingagunyaziwe noma ezinye ku-App Store.
Vumela izinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle: izilungiselelo ku-macOS
Kokuthi Izilungiselelo Zesistimu > Ubumfihlo Nokuphepha > Ukuphepha, uzobona "Vumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilandwe kusukela." Izinketho yithi “App Store” kanye “ne-App Store nonjiniyela abahlonziwe”Eyesibili ivumela isofthiwe esayinwe onjiniyela abaqashelwa i-Apple.
Uma uzama ukuvula uhlelo lokusebenza olukhiyiwe, ngemva komzamo wokuqala, inkinobho izovela ngaphansi Kobumfihlo Nokuphepha: “Vula noma kunjalo” noma “Vula noma kunjalo.” Ngokuqinisekisa lokhu, uhlelo lokusebenza luba yinto ehlukile futhi luzovuleka kusukela manje ngokuchofoza kabili., njenganoma yimuphi omunye ogunyaziwe.
Enye indlela elula ukuchofoza kwesokudla kuhlelo lokusebenza ku-Finder bese ukhetha "Vula." I-macOS izobonisa ukwaziswa kokuphepha, futhi ungagunyaza ukubulawa. Uma wethemba umsuka wayo. Lokhu okuhlukile kugcinelwe ukuvuleka okuzayo.
Khumbula: Uma izilungiselelo zakho zivumela kuphela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisuka ku-App Store, uhlelo ngeke luvule ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Vala imigoqo kuphela uma kunesidingo futhi iphakamisa izinga lokuvikeleka futhi ngemva kokuqeda ukufaka.
"Noma yikuphi" nge-Terminal: vumela futhi ukhubaze
Ezinguqulweni ezindala ze-macOS, bekukhona ukuguqulwa kokuthi "Noma kuphi" kokuthi Ukuphepha Nobumfihlo. Kumasistimu amasha, ifihliwe, kodwa ungaphinda uyisebenzise usebenzisa iTheminali. Kuyisilinganiso esithuthukisiwe futhi sinezingozi uma ungazi kahle ukuthi wenzani..
Izinyathelo ezifingqiwe: vala Izilungiselelo Zesistimu, vula Itheminali (Izinhlelo Zokusebenza > Izinsiza) bese uqalisa sudo spctl --master-disable. Faka iphasiwedi yakho yomlawuli futhi uma ubuyela kokuthi Ubumfihlo Nokuphepha, "Noma iyiphi Isayithi" izovela. njengenketho ekhethekayo.
Uma ufuna ukuyibuyisela futhi ubuyele ekuziphatheni okuzenzakalelayo, sebenzisa sudo spctl --master-enable. Ngalokhu, "Noma Iyiphi Isayithi" iyanyamalala futhi uzokwazi kuphela ukuvumela Isitolo Sohlelo Lokusebenza noma Isitolo Sohlelo Lokusebenza kanye nonjiniyela abahlonziwe.. Cabangela ukushiya imodi ekhawulela kakhulu inikwe amandla ngemva kokuqeda ukufaka okuthile.
Ku-macOS Ventura futhi kamuva, i-Apple iqine kakhulu ngesofthiwe yomuntu wesithathu, ngakho-ke lesi silungiselelo singadinga izinyathelo ezengeziwe. Ukwenza ngobuhlakani kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa ukuchayeka ezinsongweni.
Faka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilandiwe: DMG, PKG, ne-ZIP
Inqubo ngokuvamile iqondile. Uma kuyifayela le-ZIP, livule ngokuchofoza kabili. Uma kuyifayela le-DMG, lizokhwezwa njengevolumu, futhi uzobona uhlelo lokusebenza, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, isinqamuleli Sezinhlelo zokusebenza. Hudula uhlelo lokusebenza kufolda yezinhlelo zokusebenza futhi ukhiphe ivolumu uma usuqedile.
Uma ukulanda kufaka phakathi isifaki se-PKG, sivule bese ulandela iwizadi. Hlola izimvume eziceliwe kanye nendawo yokufakaUma sekuqediwe, uhlelo lokusebenza luzoba kokuthi Izinhlelo zokusebenza futhi luvele ku-Launchpad.
Uma uqala uvula uhlelo lokusebenza kunjiniyela okhonjiwe olandwe ngaphandle kwesitolo, i-macOS izokucela ukuthi uqinisekise. Ngemuva kokugunyazwa, kubhaliswa njengokuhlukile futhi ungakwazi ukuyivula ngokujwayelekile kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke.
Uma uthola isaziso sokuvinjwa, hamba kokuthi Izilungiselelo Zesistimu > Ubumfihlo Nokuphepha bese ucindezela okuthi “Vula noma kunjalo” ukuze ukugunyaze. Yenza lokhu kuphela uma uqinisekile ngemvelaphi yayo nokuthi ayizange iphazanyiswe..
Lapho izinhlelo zokusebenza zigcinwa khona nokuthi zikhishwa kanjani
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zitholakala kokuthi Isitholi > Izinhlelo zokusebenza, ngokunganaki ukuthi zivela ku-App Store noma kuwebhu. I-Launchpad iwumbukiso nje, hhayi indawo yangempelaKusuka ku-Finder ungabona usayizi, idethi yokufaka, kanye nonjiniyela.
Ukuze ukhiphe, hudula uhlelo lokusebenza kudoti bese uluthulula. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zizocela iphasiwedi noma i-ID yokuthinta. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesistimu ezibalulekile azikwazi ukususwaUma uhlelo lokusebenza lufakwe ne-PKG, lungafaka esalo isikhiphi: luqalise ukuze ususe izingxenye.
Kwesinye isikhathi amafayela asele (ama-caches, izintandokazi) ahlala. Ungazisusa mathupha, nakuba kuthatha isikhathi futhi kudinga ukwazi izindlela. Kukhona izinsiza zenkampani yangaphandle ezisiza ngokusala namasevisi angemuva. (izikhiphi noma amasudi okulungisa), kodwa uma unquma ukuzisebenzisa, hlala wenze njalo emithonjeni esemthethweni kanye nesofthiwe ethembekile.
Uma uthola izifaki ezonakele noma ezivinjiwe, zizovela ngaphansi kokuthi Izinhlelo zokusebenza noma Okulandiwe. Zisuse uma ungeke uzisebenzise. ukubuyisela isikhala futhi ugweme ukudideka.
Izingozi zangempela nokuthi zinganciphisa kanjani
Ayikho idivayisi evikeleke ngo-100%, noma ngabe siqaphe kangakanani. Ama-Mac ajabulela uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha oluncane kanye nezendlalelo zokuphepha ze-Apple., kodwa ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile kuphela ezivela emithonjeni esemthethweni kuwumkhuba ongcono kakhulu.
I-vector evame kakhulu yokutheleleka ukuziba izexwayiso. Ungazibi izixwayiso zesistimu ngaphandle uma uqiniseka ngokuphelele ngomthombo.Qaphela izinanyathiselwa ze-imeyili, izifaki ezikucela ukuthi uvule Itheminali ngaphandle komongo, noma izinguqulo “zamahhala” zesoftware yezentengiso.
Uma unquma ukulanda ngaphandle kwe-App Store, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuskena amafayela. Kunezixazululo ze-antivirus ze-macOS ezinokuskena okufunwayo kanye nesikhathi sangempela., kanye nezindawo zokulungisa ezihlanganisa amamojula okukhipha kanye nokutholwa kwesici sangemuva (ama-agent okuqalisa noma ama-daemon). Khetha amathuluzi asemthethweni, asesikhathini samanje.
Uma kutholwa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha, i-macOS ingase ivimbe uhlelo lokusebenza futhi icele ukuthi isampuli yabiwe ngokungaziwa. Ukubamba iqhaza kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwawo wonke umuntu, njengoba i-Apple ilayisha kuphela okusebenzisekayo okunonya noma iphakheji yayo, ngaphandle kwedatha yomuntu siqu.
Izinkinga zokufaka ezivamile nezixazululo
Uma, ngemva kokuvumela uhlelo lokusebenza, isifaki sisabonisa amaphutha, sivale futhi usivule kabusha. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuqalisa kabusha kwe-Mac yakho kusula amabhlogo wesikhashana. futhi ibuyisela inqubo kokujwayelekile.
Kusukela ku-macOS Catalina, kusekelwa kuphela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingamabhithi angama-64. Amabhithi angama-32 ngeke asebenzeOkuwukuphela kwendlela yobuchwepheshe kungaba ukusebenzisa inguqulo endala yesistimu (enganconywa) noma ubheke inguqulo yesimanje yohlelo lokusebenza.
Ukungahambisani kwenguqulo kungenye yakudala: uhlelo lokusebenza olusha kakhulu ku-macOS yakho, noma oludala kakhulu kwi-macOS entsha. Njalo hlola izidingo zonjiniyela futhi ubheke izinguqulo ezithile ezihambisanayo. ngesistimu yakho.
Uma amaphutha ephikelela ngemva kwemizamo embalwa futhi usola inkinga ejulile, bhala ukwehluleka ngevidiyo futhi uxhumane nabasekeli. I-Authorised Technical Service (SAT) ingaxilonga ngaphandle kokuvala iwaranti yakho.. Ukube bekunjalo hardware, uzothunyelwa esitolo se-Apple; ungazami ukulungisa kwangaphakathi uwedwa.
I-Setapp namanye amalabhulali ohlelo lokusebenza
Ngokungeziwe ku-App Store, kukhona amalabhulali ezinkampani zangaphandle njenge-Setapp, ehlinzeka ngokufinyelela okusekelwe kokubhaliselwe kukhathalogi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kuka-200. Isiphakamiso sayo sibeka endaweni eyodwa amathuluzi okukhiqiza, izinsiza, okuqukethwe kanye uhlelo, ngezibuyekezo ezivamile, azikho izikhangiso, futhi akukho ukuthenga kwangaphakathi nohlelo ngaphakathi kwekhathalogi.
I-Setapp ngokuvamile inikeza izilingo zamahhala nezimangalo ukuze zihlangabezane namazinga okuphepha (okuhlanganisa ukubethela kwedatha kwezokuthutha). Noma kunjalo, imibandela efanayo iyasebenza: landa kuwebhusayithi yabo esemthethweni futhi ubuyekeze inqubomgomo yobumfihlo.Lezi zinhlobo zezinkundla zingakongela imali uma usebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kukhathalogi yazo.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.