Ungathola kanjani ukuthi yimaphi ama-DLL nama-OCX ifayela le-.exe elincike kuwo ku-Windows

Ngokuvamile, lapho sizama ukusebenzisa uhlelo ku-Windows, sihlangabezana namaphutha angajwayelekile ahlobene ne-DLL engekho noma ifayela le-OCX. Lesi simo singase sikhungathekise, ikakhulukazi uma singaqiniseki ukuthi lawa mafayela ayini noma kanjani ukuthola ukuthi yimaphi ifayela le-.exe okudingeka sisebenze lincike kuwo.

Ukuqonda inethiwekhi yokuncika Ifayela le-DLL ne-OCX elisebenzisekayo liwukhiye ekuxazululeni izinkinga, ukugwema izinkinga ezizayo, ngisho nokuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka nokusebenza kwamasistimu ethu. Uma uke wazibuza ukuthi ungathola kanjani kahle ukuthi yimaphi amafayela e-DLL ne-OCX ifayela le-.exe elincike kuwo ku-Windows (kungaba ngezokuthuthukiswa, ukulungiswa, ukuxazulula izinkinga, noma ilukuluku nje lokufuna ukwazi), lo mhlahlandlela uzokunikeza zonke izimpendulo nezindlela, kusukela kokufinyeleleka kakhulu kuye kwezithuthuke kakhulu.

Ayini ama-DLL nama-OCX futhi kungani abaluleke kangaka?

Ngaphambi kokungena emininingwaneni yokuthi ungahlaziya kanjani ukuncika kwe-executable, kubalulekile ukukucacisa. Ayini ama-DLL nama-OCX?, nokuthi kungani bedlala indima ehamba phambili ku-ecosystem ye-Windows.

I-Las I-DLL I-Dynamic Link Libraries (Dynamic Link Libraries) amafayela aqukethe ikhodi nedatha engasetshenziswa izinhlelo eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kwenza kube lula uku modularity futhi i ukusetshenziswa kabusha komsebenzi, ngaphezu kokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza nokwenza uhlelo lusebenze kahle kakhulu. Isibonelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zisebenzisa umsebenzi ofanayo ukuvula ibhokisi lengxoxo, futhi esikhundleni sokufaka lowo msebenzi ohlelweni ngalunye, zonke zifinyelela i-DLL efanayo equkethe.

Amafayela OCX empeleni, ziwuhlobo oluthile lwe-DLL eklanyelwe izingxenye ezithile I-ActiveX. Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokusebenza okuthuthukile nokubonakalayo, futhi zivame kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni okwenziwe nge Visual Basic nezinye izilimi emndenini wakwaMicrosoft.

Ngamafuphi, uma sisebenzisa ifayela le-.exe ku-Windows, ngokuvamile lithembela kusethi yamalabhulali (ama-DLL nama-OCX) ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okubalulekile. Uma enye yale mitapo ishoda, ilimele, noma ingahambisani, uhlelo ngeke luqale noma lungasebenzi kahle.

Izinhlobo zokuncika phakathi kwamafayela asebenzisekayo namalabhulali

Akukhona konke ukuncika phakathi kwe-.exe nemitapo yolwazi yayo okufanayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Ukuncika okungashintshi: Lena imitapo yolwazi esebenzisekayo eseyichazile kakade ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa. Okusho ukuthi, uhlelo lwazi kusukela ekuqaleni ukuthi imiphi imitapo yolwazi oluyidingayo futhi lusesha ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho luqala. Uma kukhona okushodayo, kwenzeka iphutha ngokushesha.
• Ukuncika kwamandla: Lawa amafayela uhlelo olunquma ukuwalayisha ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngokusekelwe ezimweni ezithile, ama-plugin, noma amamojula engeziwe. Lapha, ifayela lincike emisebenzini efana nale LayishaLibrary ku-Windows, futhi iphutha livela kuphela uma uzama ukusebenzisa lokho kusebenza futhi i-DLL ingekho.

Lo mehluko ubalulekile ngoba amanye amathuluzi athola kuphela ukuncika okumile, kuyilapho amanye futhi ekuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye ukuncika okuguquguqukayo.

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ama-DLL nama-OCX ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zeWindows

Futhi kungani ama-DLL nama-OCX abe indinganiso yokuthuthukiswa kweWindows? Nazi ezinye zezinzuzo zabo ezibaluleke kakhulu:

• Ukusetshenziswa okuphansi kwezinsiza nendawo: Ngokwabelana ngekhodi phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, usayizi wohlelo ngalunye kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-RAM kuyancishiswa.
• Benza lula ukugcinwa nokuvuselelaNgokubuyekeza i-DLL emaphakathi, zonke izinhlelo eziyisebenzisayo ziyazuza ekuthuthukisweni noma ekulungiseni.
• Bakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-modular: Zikuvumela ukuthi udale izinhlelo ezihlukaniswe ngamamojula angabuyekezwa kalula futhi anwebekayo.
• Basekela izilimi eziningi namaqembu okuthuthukisa: Izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza zingadalwa ngezilimi ezahlukahlukene futhi zihlanganiswe ngama-DLL.

Kodwa-ke, futhi anezihibe: inguqulo edumile iyashayisana noma "Isihogo Se-DLL," nezinkinga ezivela kumtapo wolwazi ezithathelwa indawo ongasebenzisani noma ukususwa ngephutha.

Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ezihlobene nokuncika kwe-DLL ne-OCX

Ukusebenza ngama-executable ancike kumalabhulali amaningi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile:

• I-DLL/OCXs engekho: Uhlelo aluqali futhi lubonisa imilayezo efana nokuthi “xxx.dll ayitholakali” noma “Ingxenye ethi yyy.ocx ayikwazi ukubhaliswa.”
• Uhlobo olungalungile: Isibuyekezo selabhulali siphula ukusebenzisana nezinhlelo ezindala.
• Ukususwa ngengozi: Ukukhipha noma ukuhlanza kususa amafayela abiwe.
• Ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza: Izinhlelo ezimbili zidinga izinguqulo ezihlukene ze-DLL efanayo.
• Ukulayishwa okunamandla kwama-DLL angalawulwa: Uhlelo olunonya lungafaka inguqulo yalo futhi lulawule izinqubo ezithile.

Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, ukwazi kahle ukuthi ifayela le-.exe liqukethe ini kubalulekile kubo bobabili abathuthukisi nabasebenzisi abafuna nje izinhlelo zabo zisebenze ngendlela okufanele zisebenze ngayo.

Izindlela zokuthola ukuncika kwe-executable (.exe) ku-Windows

Kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlaziya ukuncika kokusebenzisekayo ku-Windows, kusukela kumathuluzi akhelwe ohlelweni lokusebenza ngokwalo, ukukhulula izinsiza zezinkampani zangaphandle, kuya ezixazululweni ezijulile zochwepheshe. Ake siwahlole wonke ukuze ukhethe leyo evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho.

Ukuhlaziya okusheshayo ngamathuluzi akhelwe ku-Windows

Uma ungafuni ukulanda noma yini eyengeziwe, ungaqala ukusebenzisa amathuluzi asevele afakiwe neWindows. Imvamisa, lezi zindlela zanele ukuthola umbono wokuthi yimaphi amafayela e-DLL alayisha uhlelo oluthile.

1. Ukuqapha nge-Task Manager

El Umphathi Womsebenzi I-Windows inikeza ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nezinqubo ezisebenzayo, kodwa ingakusiza futhi ukulandelela ukuthi yimaphi amamojula (ama-DLL) ahlotshaniswa nenqubo ngayinye:

1. Vula Isiphathi Somsebenzi (Ctrl + Shift + Esc noma chofoza kwesokudla kubha yomsebenzi).
2. Iya kuthebhu Imininingwane, thola inqubo ofuna ukuyihlaziya (isibonelo, i-chrome.exe, i-winword.exe, njll.).
3. Chofoza kuso bese ukhetha Iya kumasevisi ukuze ubone ukuthi yiziphi izinsiza ozisebenzisayo.
4. Ukuze ushayele phansi, chofoza kwesokudla bese ukhetha Ama-propiedades; kuthebhu Ukuncipha Amasevisi ahlobene namamojula azovela, nakuba engabonisi uhlu olunemininingwane yawo wonke ama-DLL.

Le ndlela iyisisekelo kakhulu, kodwa iwusizo ekuhlonzeni izinsizakalo ezixhunywe kunqubo ngayinye.

2. Umugqa womyalo onohlu lwemisebenzi

Enye indlela elula yokubhala ama-DLL asetshenziswa inqubo ngomyalo uhlu lomsebenzi: Iyini i-ListDLLs nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani ku-Windows?

Isibonelo, ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi i-DLL esetshenziswayo iZwi:

uhlu lomsebenzi /m/fi "IMAGEAME eq winword.exe"

Lo myalo ubonisa wonke ama-DLL alayishwe manje inqubo. Uma kukhona okuningi, ungakwazi ukukopisha okukhiphayo ngokungeza | Okuningi:

uhlu lomsebenzi /m /fi "IMAGEAME eq chrome.exe" | Okuningi

Ukwengeza, ungasesha ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo ezisebenzisa i-DLL ethile:

uhlu lomsebenzi /m DLL_NAME.dll

Lo myalo ikuvumela ukuba uthole, isibonelo, ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo ezisebenzisa i-"ntdll.dll." Kuyindlela esheshayo, engafakwanga yokuthola ulwazi oluwusizo ikakhulukazi uma usola ukuncika okushodayo noma ufuna ukubona ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo ezilayisha imitapo yolwazi yesistimu ebalulekile.

3. I-PowerShell ukuhlola amamojula wenqubo

I-PowerShell kungenye indlela enamandla kakhulu. Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nama-DLL asetshenziswa inqubo ethile:

Thola inqubo_yegama | khetha -ExpandProperty amamojula | ft -Siza ngokuzenzakalelayo

Isibonelo, ukuhlola i-Word DLLs:

Thola-Inqubo winword | khetha -ExpandProperty amamojula | ft -Siza ngokuzenzakalelayo

Umphumela uwuhlu olunemininingwane yawo wonke amamojula alayishiwe, abonisa indlela egcwele, usayizi, inguqulo, inkampani, kanye nolunye ulwazi oluningi mayelana nelinye ngalinye.

I-PowerShell ilungile uma udinga ukuhlaziya izinqubo eziningi noma uhlole ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuncika.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-ListDLL ku-Windows: Kuyini, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, nokuthi kungani ibalulekile

Amathuluzi abalulekile enkampani yangaphandle okuthola ukuncika (DLL/OCX)

Izinsiza ezifakwe ne-Windows zingakunikeza amathiphu, kodwa uma udinga ukujula okwengeziwe, ukuguquguquka, nokuba lula, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle inketho engcono kakhulu. Lezi yizo ezinconyiwe nezidume kakhulu:

1. I-Dependency Walker (depends.exe)

I-Dependency Walker isineminyaka Ireferensi ukuhlaziya ukuncika kwanoma yikuphi okusebenzisekayo, i-DLL, noma i-OCX. Ukusebenza kwayo kulula:

1. Landa inguqulo efanele yesistimu yakho (32 noma 64 bit).
2. Vula uhlelo bese ukhetha i-.exe, .dll noma .ocx ofuna ukuyihlaziya.
3. I-Dependency Walker izobonisa isihlahla sayo yonke imitapo yolwazi engashintshi futhi eguquguqukayo ifayela elincike kuyo, kuhlanganisa nezixwayiso uma kukhona amafayela angekho noma angqubuzanayo.

I-interface iyabonakala futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole amaketanga okungenisa/ukuthumela, izinguqulo, izindlela, nenye idatha ebalulekile. Uma ufuna ukufunda ukuthi ungathola kanjani kahle ukuncika, ungaphinda uhlole lo mhlahlandlela. Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuhlonza amaphutha ku-Windows nge-Dependency Walker.

Ukulinganiselwa: Ithuluzi alisabuyekezwa ngokusemthethweni futhi lingase lingatholi konke okuncikile ezinhlelweni zesimanjemanje noma ezingama-64-bit, kodwa lisewusizo ezimweni eziningi zokusetshenziswa.

2. LoadedDllsView nguNirsoft

I-LoadedDllsView Uhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala, oluphathekayo olubonisa wonke amafayela e-DLL alayishwe manje ohlelweni ngenqubo ngayinye. Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa:

• I-interface elula, ehlukanisiwe: Phezulu kubonisa uhlu lwama-DLL, futhi ngezansi imininingwane yenqubo eyinhloko.
• Idatha enemininingwane: I-Architecture (32/64), igama lenkampani, imizila, izinsuku zokudala/ukulungiswa, usayizi, izibaluli...
• Ilungele ukuhlaziywa kwesikhathi sangempelaUma usola ama-DLL anonya, i-LoadedDllsView yenza kube lula ukuwathola futhi uhlole ukuthi ubani owasebenzisayo.

Njengazo zonke izinhlelo ze-Nirsoft, isebenza ngaphandle kokufaka, ayisindi, futhi isekela imingcele eminingi yokuthekelisa ulwazi ukuze uloge amafayela noma imisebenzi ezenzakalelayo.

3. ListDLLs from SysInternals

Enye eyaziwa kakhulu ListDLLs kusuka ku-SysInternals (manje eyi-Microsoft). Kuyinsizakalo yomugqa womyalo imiyalo ebala ama-DLL alayishwa inqubo ngayinye noma izinqubo. Lokhu kuwusizo ekubhalweni noma ekusetshenzisweni ezindaweni lapho i-GUI ingenzeki khona.

listdlls process_name

Uma ufuna ukwazi ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi leli thuluzi lisebenza kanjani, ungathintana nefayela layo.

4. DependsChecker

KuncikeChecker Iwusizo olusha olukwenza kube lula ukuhlaziya okuncikile kumafayela we-.dll, .ocx, noma .exe ngokumane ukhethe ifolda nefayela. Iphuzu layo eliqinile ubulula bayo: vele ulayishe ifayela futhi uzobona konke ukuncika okutholakala efasiteleni.

Nakuba idinga ukufakwa, iyahambisana nezinguqulo ezihlukene futhi ingaba usizo ekuhloleni ngokushesha okuncikile ngaphambi kokubuyisela kabusha noma ukulungisa iphutha. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi ungazixazulula kanjani izingxabano, hlola lo mhlahlandlela. mayelana namaphutha ajwayelekile e-DLL ku-Windows.

5. Amanye amathuluzi: abahleli be-hexadecimal nama-debugger

Ezimeni ezithuthuke kakhulu (isibonelo, ukuhlaziya okusebenzisekayo okusolisayo, I-malware noma hlehlisa ubunjiniyela), ungasebenzisa abahleli be-hex njenge I-HxD ukuhlola okuqukethwe kanambambili kwefayela. Nokho, ngeke ubone isakhiwo sangempela sokuncika, idatha eluhlaza kuphela.

Uma ufuna ukuya phambili, amathuluzi afana I-IDA Pro, I-OllyDbg (ngamabhithi angama-32) noma I-BugDbg (ye-64-bit, nakuba isathuthukiswa) ikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise okusebenzisekayo futhi ubuke zonke izingcingo ze-DLL, ngisho nalezo ezixazululwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Lezi zinhlelo zidinga ubuchwepheshe, kodwa ukuphela kwendlela yokuhlaziya izinhlelo ezifiphele noma uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha.

I-athikili ehlobene:

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Ukubuka kanjani ukuncika kwe-DLL ne-OCX kumaphrojekthi we-Visual Basic kanye nezingxenye ze-ActiveX

Uma usebenza naye Visual Basic (ikakhulukazi i-VB6) noma thuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa izingxenye ze-ActiveX, ukuphathwa kokuncika kuba okubaluleke nakakhulu. Amafayela e-OCX avame ukubhalisa izilawuli ezibonakalayo noma amalabhulali abiwe, futhi kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi iphrojekthi yakho encike kuzo.

Kunama-DLL akhethekile e-Visual Basic okuthi, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezithile, abuyisele uhlu oluqukethe konke okuncikile kwefayela elithile. Ngokwesibonelo:

Dim Listado() As String Obj.FileName = "c:\windows\explorer.exe" Listado = Obj.Dependencies For i = LBound(Listado) To UBound(Listado) MsgBox Listado(i) Next

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye ama-AddIns akuvumela ukuthi ubonise izinkomba ze-ActiveX ezisetshenziswa iphrojekthi kanye nenguqulo eqondile yengxenye, ngaleyo ndlela uthole ukungqubuzana okungenzeka noma izindlela ezinde kakhulu ezingaholela ekubhaliseni noma ekuboniseni izinkinga.

Yisho ukuthi, ukusebenzisa lezi AddIns ku-Visual Basic, kuyadingeka kuqala bhalisa i-DLL usebenzisa i-regsvr32 kusuka kukhonsoli yomyalo, bese ithuluzi lizovela ohlwini lwama-plugin endaweni yokuthuthukiswa.

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Nini futhi kungani kufanele usabalalise kabusha amafayela e-DLL ngohlelo lwakho lokusebenza

Uma uthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizofakwa kumakhompuyutha amaningi, cishe uzodinga ukuphinde usabalalise amanye ama-DLL abalulekile. I-Microsoft Visual Studio, isibonelo, ihlanganisa uhlu olude lwalezi zinhlobo zamafayela (abizwa ngokuthi Amafayela Asakazwa Kabusha noma angu-REDIST) okufanele afakwe kumakhompyutha eklayenti ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uhlelo luyasebenza.

Umkhuba omuhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa amaphakheji asemthethweni asabalalisa kabusha i-Visual Studio (isibonelo, vc_redist.x86.exe, vc_redist.x64.exe), efaka ngokuzenzakalelayo imitapo yolwazi edingekayo ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwekhompyutha yakho. Ngaphambi kokusabalalisa uhlelo lwakho, kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhomba wonke ama-DLL okuncike kuwo. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokubuyekeza okukhiphayo kwesixhumanisi noma ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-Dependency Walker.

Akukuhle neze ukukopisha ama-DLL okulungisa iphutha noma izinguqulo ezindala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamamojula wokuhlanganisa (.msm), njengoba I-Windows Update Awukwazi ukuzibuyekeza ngokuzenzakalela. Kuhlale kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa indlela yokufaka endaweni eyodwa usebenzisa I-Redistributable.

I-athikili ehlobene:

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Ungabhekana kanjani nezinkinga zokuncika kanye ne-"DLL Hell" esesabekayo

I-"DLL Hell" edume kabi ichaza izinkinga eziphakamayo lapho izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene zihlangabezana nezingxabano zenguqulo noma zibhalisa ngokungalungile ama-DLL nama-OCX. Ngenhlanhla, iWindows yethule izixazululo, njenge:

• IWindows File Protection (WFP): Ivimbela amafayela esistimu ukuthi angabhalwa ngaphezulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle.
• Ukusebenzisa ama-DLL ayimfihlo: Uma uhlelo ludinga inguqulo ethile ye-DLL, lungalufaka kufolda yalo yokufaka futhi lusebenzise ifayela .local ukuphoqa iWindows ukuthi ilayishe leyo nguqulo esikhundleni seyomhlaba wonke.
• Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Side-by-Side (SxS).: Ivumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene ukusebenzisa izinguqulo ezihlukene ze-DLL efanayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Ukwengeza, izinguqulo ezintsha ze-Windows kanye ne-.NET Framework zenze izindlela ezengeziwe (ezifana nama-assemblies ku-GAC) ezivimbela eziningi zalezi zinkinga, eziqinisekisa ubuqotho bohlelo lokusebenza nokuhlukaniswa.

Imikhuba emihle kakhulu yokuthuthukisa, ukuthumela, nokuxazulula izinkinga ze-DLL/OCX

Uma ungunjiniyela noma umlawuli wesistimu, nazi izincomo ezibalulekile:

• Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe nezangempela zamalabhulali asabalalisiwe.
• Faka kuphela ama-DLL owadinga ngempela kuzifaki zakho, ibuyekeza ngokucophelela imibhalo ye-Microsoft mayelana nokusabalalisa kabusha.
• Gwema ukubhala ngaphezulu ama-DLL wesistimu; sebenzisa ukufakwa endaweni eyodwa noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka.
• Ibhalisa amafayela we-OCX ne-ActiveX DLL ngendlela efanele (kusetshenziswa regsvr32).
• Bhala phansi konke okuncikile ukuze ukuguqulwa kwesikhathi esizayo noma ukufuduka kube lula ukwenza.
• Ukuhlaziya okuzenzakalelayo ngemibhalo I-PowerShell noma amathuluzi omugqa womyalo wezindawo zebhizinisi noma ukuthunyelwa okukhulu.

I-athikili ehlobene:

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Izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlonza ukuncika okufihliwe nokuxazulula amaphutha

Kwesinye isikhathi, awekho amathuluzi abonakalayo noma ukuhlaziya okumile okubonakala kukhomba ama-DLL abangela iphutha. Kufanele wenzenjani-ke?

1. Sebenzisa ama-debugger noma ama-disassemblerUma unokufinyelela kumathuluzi afana ne-IDA Pro noma izilungisi ezishiwo ngenhla, uzokwazi ukuhlonza amakholi aguqukayo ku-LoadLibrary, izindlela ezihlobene, nokuncika okuxazululwa kuphela ngesikhathi sangempela.
2. Hlola i-Windows Event Log: Izikhathi eziningi, ukwehluleka kokulayisha kwe-DLL kungena lapho, kunikeze imikhondo mayelana nefayela nenqubo ehilelekile.
3. Yenza kusebenze ukuqapha kwesistimu ngamathuluzi afana ne-Process Monitor ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela yonke imizamo yokulayisha imojula nganoma iyiphi inqubo.
4. Hlola izingodo kanye nemilayezo yephutha okukhiqizwa uma uhlelo luqala; ngokuvamile abonisa ifayela elingekho, indawo yalo elindelekile, kanye nemojula elicelayo.

Uma ngemva kwakho konke lokhu namanje awukwazi ukuthola ukuncika okungekho, kungenzeka ukuthi ifayela lonakele, indlela ayilungile, noma ngisho nokuthi usebenzisa inguqulo engahambelani ye-executable. Kulezi zimo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukufaka kabusha uhlelo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi wonke amalabhulali adingekayo akopishiwe futhi abhaliswe ngendlela efanele.

Ukuxhumanisa nokulayisha kwe-DLL kusebenza kanjani ngaphakathi ku-Windows

Ngobuchwepheshe, lapho ifayela elisebenzisekayo lidinga i-DLL, iWindows ilisesha ngendlela ethile:

1. Inkomba yohlelo lokusebenza.
2. Umkhombandlela wamanje.
3. Inkomba yesistimu yeWindows (C:\Windows\System32).
4. I-Windows Directory (C:\Windows).
5. Izikhombisi-ndlela ezisohlwini lokuhlukahluka kwemvelo ye-PATH.

Ukwengeza, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuxhumanisa ama-DLL:

• Ukuxhumanisa isikhathi sokulayisha: Yonke imisebenzi ethunyelwe yi-DLL iyatholakala ku- ibhuthini wohlelo
• Ukuxhumanisa kwesikhathi sokusebenza: Imisebenzi ilayishwa ngokufunwa, okuvumela ukucabanga okuvumelana nezimo noma ukulayishwa kwamamojula ongawakhetha.

Indlela ngayinye inobuhle nobubi bayo: ukulayisha ngesikhathi sokusebenza kusindisa izinsiza futhi kuthuthukisa ukuqalisa, kodwa kwenza kube nzima ukutholwa kwamaphutha, kuyilapho ukuxhumanisa okumile kwenza ukulungisa iphutha kube lula ngezindleko zokuqina okukhulu.

Imininingwane yama-DLL ku-.NET nokuthi ama-assemblies asebenza kanjani

Ngokufika kwe-.NET, izinkinga eziningi zakudala zama-DLL sezixazululiwe ngenxa yomqondo wokuthi ihlangeneUkuhlanganiswa kuyiyunithi enengqondo equkethe ikhodi, izinsiza, ne-manifest enayo yonke inguqulo, ukuncika, nolwazi lwezimvume. Ukuphathwa kwenguqulo nokuthunyelwa okufanayo kuphephe kakhulu futhi kulula ku-.NET. Imithetho yokusabalalisa kabusha kanye nendlela isistimu eyithola ngayo ihlukile ku-Win32 yakudala futhi ngokuvamile ayishayisani kancane.

Konjiniyela, i-.NET isiza ukuzimela kwephrojekthi, njengoba umhlangano ngamunye ungahlala nezinye izinguqulo ezihlukile, nokulawula inguqulo kuqine kakhulu.

Izixazululo eziqondile zamaphutha ajwayelekile okulayisha i-DLL ne-OCX

Uma uhlangabezana namaphutha afana nokuthi "Ingxenye ye-COMCDG32.OCX ayikho" noma "i-MSCOMCTL.OCX ayitholakali," yingoba uhlelo ozama ukuluqalisa ludinga lawa mafayela, futhi awabhalisiwe ngendlela efanele kusistimu yakho. Amaphutha avame kakhulu yilawa:

• Landa ifayela elifanele emthonjeni onokwethenjelwa.
• Kopishela ku C:\Windows\System32 (ngezinhlelo ezingama-32-bit) noma C:\Windows\SysWOW64 (kumasistimu angama-64-bit anezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingama-32-bit).
• Ibhalise nge regsvr32 nombre_archivo.ocx yethulwe kukhonsoli kumodi yomqondisi.

Lezi zinyathelo ngokuvamile zixazulula izinkinga eziningi ezihlobene nokuncika kwe-OCX, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezindala.

Okhiye bokuvikela uhlelo lwakho nokugwema ama-DLL anonya

Asikwazi ukuqeda lo mhlahlandlela ngaphandle kokukuxwayisa mayelana nezingozi zama-DLL anonya. Ukujova noma ukufaka esikhundleni se-DLL egunyaziwe kuyindlela yohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulanda kuphela emithonjeni esemthethweni, gcina iWindows ivuselelwe, sebenzisa isoftware elwa namagciwane, futhi, uma ungabaza, skena ama-DLL ngezinsiza ezifana nalezi. Services.msc namanye amathuluzi, engakusiza ukuthi ubone amafayela asolisayo, izindlela ezingaqondakali, nezinkampani ezingaziwa kumethadatha yelabhulali.

Uma uthola ifayela elingajwayelekile le-DLL noma le-OCX, hlala uhlola i-hashi, indlela, nesiginesha yedijithali ngaphambi kokuyikhipha noma ukuyishintsha.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuncika kokubulawa kwakho ngokuningiliziwe ukuze ulindele izinkinga, uzixazulule ngempumelelo, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi yonke into isebenza ngendlela efanele. Ngenxa yamathuluzi namathiphu okukhulunywe ngawo lapha, uzokwazi ukuhlonza futhi ulawule ukuncika ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ingqondo yakho, noma ngabe ungunjiniyela, uchwepheshe wezinhlelo, noma umsebenzisi onelukuluku lokufunda.

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.