Uyenza kanjani i-Wake On LAN ku-Windows 11: izilungiselelo, umzila, namasu

Uma uke wacabanga ngokuvula i-PC yakho lapho ungekho, impendulo ingaphakathi Vuka ku-LAN (WoL)Lobu buchwepheshe bukuvumela ukuthi uvule idivayisi yakho ukude ngomlayezo omfushane ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho, futhi busetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla kumabhodi womama wesimanje kanye namakhadi enethiwekhi. Ngaphezu kokunethezeka, i-WoL inenzuzo esobala: konga amandla ngoba awudingi ukushiya ikhompuyutha yakho amahora angama-24 ngosuku.

Manje, kukhona ama-nuances abalulekile. Akuwona wonke amadivaysi namanethiwekhi ahambisanayo, futhi uma engalungiselelwe kahle, angaba a umnyango ongase ube khona ngokuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi. Kufanele futhi uqaphele ukuthi ikhompuyutha ayivaliwe ngokuphelele; ihlala isesimweni ukusetshenziswa okuphansi ukulalela umyalo wokuvuka. Nokho, ngokucushwa okufanele ku-BIOS/UEFI, Windows, kanye nerutha, uhlelo isebenza njengentelezi.

Iyini i-Wake ku-LAN futhi yini oyidingayo?

I-Wake on LAN iyiphrothokholi evumela vula i-PC ukude uma ivaliwe, imisiwe, noma ivalelwe. Lokhu ikwenza nge-“Iphakethe Lomlingo” ethunyelwa ngenethiwekhi futhi ikhadi lenethiwekhi elikubonayo ukuqalisa ibhuthini.

Ukuze isebenze kufanele ube nayo izingcezu ezintathu ezihambisanayo: Ikhadi lenethiwekhi eline-WoL, i-motherboard/BIOS esekela ukuvuka kwenethiwekhi, kanye nesiphakeli samandla esigcina i-NIC inamandla ngesikhathi sokulala. Uma enye yalezi zinto ingakusekeli, ngeke ukwazi ukuyenza isebenze kuze kushintshwe ingxenye.

Kumanethiwekhi endawo, i-Magic Packet ivamise ukuhamba iye ku- ikheli lokusakaza ye-subnet, futhi i-NIC "ilalela" ngamandla aphansi ize ihlonze ikheli layo I-MACEzimweni ezithuthukisiwe, amanye ama-routers avumela okuthiwa Vuka ku-WAN (WoW), inweba lokhu kubasa naku-inthanethi.

I-Magic Packet yenziwe ngokulandelana okuthile: Amabhayithi angu-6 anenani elingu-255 (0xFF) alandelwe izimpinda ezingu-16 zendawo okuyiwa kuyo i-MACLesi siginesha yisona esicupha ukuvuselelwa komshini oqondiwe ngaphandle kokuthi uthinte ngokoqobo inkinobho yamandla.

Isebenza kanjani inqubo ye-WoL, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukugeleza kulula kodwa kunezicucu ezimbalwa. Okokuqala yi- ukuhlonza idivayisi: I-WoL idinga ikheli le-MAC lekhompyutha ukuthi livuswe, isihlonzi esiyingqayizivele sekhadi layo lenethiwekhi.

Ngemuva kwalokho kuza ifayili le- ukucushwa ku-BIOS/UEFI, lapho umkhiqizi angase asho inketho ngokuthi Wake ku-LAN, Wake by PCIe, Power on by PCI-E, noma Qalisa kabusha nge-LAN. Kumele inikwe amandla futhi izinguquko kufanele zibe londoloza ngaphambi kokuphuma ukuze zisebenze.

Okulandelayo ulungiselela imishini yokudlulisa, okungaba enye i-PC, iselula, noma isevisi ethumela Iphakethe Lomlingo. Bangu Izinhlelo zokusebenza amasudi athile kanye nawokulawula okude njengeTeamViewer noma Noma iyiphi i-Desk ezakha umsebenzi ukuvusa amaqembu.

Uma usuthole i-MAC yedivayisi eqondiwe, umthumeli uthumela ifayela le- Magic Packet phezu kwenethiwekhi (ngokuvamile ekusakazweni kwasendaweni). Uma ikhadi lomamukeli linikwe amandla futhi lilungisiwe, icubungula i-oda bese ithumela isignali ebhodini lomama ukuze uqale ibhuthi njengokungathi ucindezele inkinobho.

Nika amandla i-WoL ku-BIOS/UEFI

Ngaphambi kokuthi uthinte iWindows, ngena kuzilungiselelo zakho. I-BIOS noma i-UEFI. Ivamise ukuba sezigabeni ezifana nokuthi Okuthuthukile, Ukuphathwa Amandla, Ukuvuka, noma okufanayo. Bheka izinketho ezifana Vuka ku-LAN o Vuswa ngedivayisi ye-PCIe futhi uzinike amandla.

Kuye imodeli uzobona nemingcele ezifana Ivula amandla nge-PCI-E o Qalisa kabusha nge-LAN, ezifeza umsebenzi ofanayo. Khumbula gcina izinguquko bese uqalisa kabusha. Azikho izinguquko ezengeziwe ze-BIOS ezidingekayo ku-WoL, nakuba kuwumqondo omuhle ukugwema izindlela ezinqamula amandla ngokuphelele ku-S5 uma ibhodi lakho lomama linikeza leso sici.

Nika amandla i-Wake ku-LAN ku-Windows 11 (kanye ne-Windows 10)

En Windows 11, ngaphezu kwe-BIOS, kufanele ulungise i ikhadi lenethiwekhi ukulalela Iphakethe Lomlingo futhi uvumele idivayisi ukuthi ivuse ikhompuyutha. Ungakwenza lokhu kusuka kokuthi Izilungiselelo noma ku- Umlawuli wedivayisi.

Umzila phakathi kokucushwa (Windows 11): Iya kokuthi Qala > Izilungiselelo > Inethiwekhi ne-inthanethi > Izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi ezithuthukile. Nweba i-adaptha yakho (okungcono Ethernet ngokwethembeka) bese uya kokuthi Ongakhetha kukho kwe-adaptha Okwengeziwe > Izakhiwo ze-Ethernet > Lungiselela. Kuthebhu Ukulawulwa kwamandla, hlola okuthi “Vumela le divayisi ukuthi ivuse ikhompuyutha” kanye “Vumela Iphakethe Lomlingo elilodwa kuphela ukuthi livuse ikhompuyutha.”

En Izinketho ezithuthukisiwe Ku-adaptha efanayo, thola okuthi “Wake on Magic Packet” bese uyishiya isethwe kokuthi Kunikwe amandla. Uma i-NIC yakho iveza amapharamitha engeziwe (isb., Vuka kumeshi yephethini noma Wake kusuka ku-S0ix ku-Magic Packet), zisebenze kuye ngesimo sakho.

Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukukhubaza isilungiselelo sokulondoloza esibizwa Ukuqala okusheshayo (Iphaneli Yokulawula > Izinketho Zamandla > Khetha ukuthi izinkinobho zamandla zenzani) ukuze uvimbele uhlelo ukuthi lungene esimweni esiluvimbela ukuba luvuke.

Ku-Advanced Power Plans, ngaphansi kwe-PCI Express> Link State Power Management (ASPM), khetha Kwenziwe kungasebenzi ukuvimbela ukuphathwa kwamandla webhasi e-PCIe ekunqamuleni isignali edingekayo ku-WoL.

Indlela yakudala: Isiphathi Sedivayisi

Vula Qala bese uthayipha Umlawuli wedivayisi. Iya kokuthi Ama-adaptha Enethiwekhi, khetha isixhumi esibonakalayo (okungcono i-Ethernet) bese uchofoza Properties. Ku Izinketho ezithuthukisiwe, nika amandla okuthi “Wake on Magic Packet”.

bese uya ku Ukulawulwa kwamandla bese ukhetha okuthi “Vumela le divayisi ukuthi ivuse ikhompuyutha” kanye nokuthi “Vumela Iphakethe Lomlingo elilodwa kuphela ukuvusa ikhompuyutha”. Lokhu kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukuvuka ngephutha okubangelwa ithrafikhi evamile.

Futhi ku-Windows 10?

Izinyathelo zingokoqobo efanayo Windows 11: Nika amandla i-WoL ku-BIOS, vumela i-Wake on Magic Packet ku-NIC, futhi uvumele ukuvuka Ekulawuleni Amandla. Ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-TeamViewer ukuze thumela Iphakethe Lomlingo kusuka kuselula bese uvusa i-PC kunethiwekhi yendawo.

Lungiselela umzila: IP emile, i-ARP futhi, uma ikhona, i-WoW

Ukuze uthole i-WoL ethembekile kunethiwekhi yangakini, yabela a I-IP engaguquki (i-DHCP emile) ku-PC yakho kuseva ye-DHCP yomzila. Ngale ndlela, ubudlelwano be-MAC-IP buhlala buphikelela kuthebula le-ARP futhi iphakethe lizofika noma ngabe umzila vuselela itafula.

Uma inhloso yakho kuwukuvusa ikhompuyutha ku-inthanethi (Vuka ku-WAN), kufanele uqondise kabusha i- Imbobo ye-UDP 9 ku-IP yendawo ye-PC. I-router ngayinye ine-interface yayo, kodwa empeleni imayelana nokudala umthetho ukudlulisa imbobo ku-UDP yalelo chweba. Akuwona wonke amarutha adlulisela ukusakazwa kumakhompyutha alele, ngakho impumelelo ingancika kumodeli.

Abanye abakhiqizi basiza inqubo kusuka ku-firmware yabo. Kumarotha Ibhokisi le-AVM FRITZ, ngaphakathi Kwenethiwekhi Yasendaweni/Inethiwekhi, lapho uhlela idivayisi enezintambo uzobona inkinobho “Yenza ikhompuyutha isebenze" kanye nenketho yokuvula idivayisi uma uyifinyelela nge-inthanethi (WoW). Kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokugwema ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle.

Kumarotha ASUS Kukhona imenyu ethi "Amathuluzi Enethiwekhi / Wake ku-LAN", lapho ungafaka khona I-MAC yedivayisi bese ucindezela okuthi “Yenza kusebenze futhi.” Ungakwazi futhi ukugcina uhlu lwamadivayisi afika kwangu-32 ukuze uwavuse noma nini lapho ufuna ngaphandle kokuwalungisa kabusha isikhathi ngasinye.

Izinzuzo zangempela kanye nokubi

Inzuzo yokuqala isobala: vula i-PC ukude ngaphandle kokuyishiya ivuliwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kunciphisa izindleko zikagesi kanye nokuguga, futhi kuguqula okokusebenza kwakho kube yi- iseva ethuthukisiwe itholakala kuphela uma uyidinga.

Njengemibi, i ukumisa kudinga ukunakekelwa (BIOS, Windows, router) futhi kungaba nzima kuye ngokuthi hardware. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle kokuphepha okuyisisekelo, ukudalula i-WoL ku-inthanethi kungavuleka izikhala ezingadingekile. Okokugcina, akuwona wonke ama-hardware/OS afana kahle, futhi ukushintsha amathuluzi noma iselula kungase kukuphoqe ukuba wenze kanjalo hlola izilungiselelo.

Kuthiwani uma ikhadi lami lenethiwekhi lingayisekeli i-WoL?

Unezindlela ezimbili: shintsha ikhadi langaphakathi ufake elisha elihambisanayo (imvamisa ngokuthi ngaphansi kwama-euro angama-25) noma sebenzisa i-adaptha yenethiwekhi USB ehambisanayo exhuma ngaphandle. Inketho yokuqala ngokuvamile ikunikeza ukusebenza okungcono kanye nokuzinza; okwesibili kuyavumelana nezimo uma ufuna ukuyihambisa phakathi kwamadivaysi.

Izicelo kanye nokusetshenziswa: yasekhaya nezamabhizinisi

Ekhaya, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zamahhala ukuthumela i- Iphakethe Lomlingo kusuka kumakhalekhukhwini wakho noma kwi-PC. Ku-Windows, kunezinketho eSitolo se-Microsoft ezifana ne-Easy WOL, Wake on Lan (Iphakethe Lomlingo), i-Simple Wake-on-LAN, noma i-Wake PC ku-LAN; Android Kukhona izicelo ze Vuka On Lan kulula kakhulu ukusetha.

Ezindaweni zezinkampani ezinamaqembu amaningi noma amakhulu, kuyancomeka ukuhlanganisa i-WoL kumathuluzi okuphatha. yokusungula kanye nokuphathaKunezixazululo ezaziwayo ezifana ne-ManageEngine, i-Microsoft Wake-on-LAN, i-EMCO noma i-NirSoft, futhi izinkampani eziningi zikhetha ukuzisebenzisa. intuthuko yakhe ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokulawula.

Uma uhlela ukufinyelela ngemva kokuqalisa, hlanganisa i-WoL ne- ideskithophu elikude (AnyDesk, TeamViewer, Windows RDP) noma amadrayivu abiwayo. Ngemva kokuvula ikhompuyutha yakho, yakho amafayela namasevisi.

Enye indlela elula uma ungafuni ukwenza izinto zibe nzima

Uma i-NIC yakho ingasekeli i-WoL noma ukhetha okuthile okuqondile, kukhona WiFi push izinkinobho ukuthi "choboza" inkinobho yamandla ngokomzimba. Bahlanganisa nabasizi abafana ne-Alexa, i-Siri noma i-Google Home futhi basebenzela kahle kakhulu izinkinobho ezinzima noma engafinyeleleki.

Kuhlanganiswe ne- ipulagi ehlakaniphile, unganqamula amandla kumishini ethile, nakuba qaphela: uma ucisha i-router ukude, ke ngeke ukwazi ukuyivula kusukela ngaphandle. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa amasekhethi futhi ucabange ngokucophelela mayelana nokugeleza ukuze unganqanyulwa.

Amathiphu okuphepha ayisisekelo

Uma uzodalula i-WoL ku-inthanethi, cabanga ukusebenzisa a i-VPN ekhaya/ebhizinisini lakho ukuze uthumele Iphakethe Lomlingo ngokuphephile. Gwema ukushiya i-UDP port 9 ivulekele wonke umuntu futhi uhlole ukuthi irutha yakho ayikho phendula kungenasidingo ezicelweni zangaphandle.

Kumanethiwekhi ezinkampani ane-802.1X kungase kudingeke izilungiselelo ezengeziwe izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha ukuvumela ozimele be-WoL abanezimbobo eziqinisekisiwe. Bhala phansi ushintsho ngalunye futhi uqinisekise ukuthi awephuli ezombusazwe zokuphepha.

Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezivamile ku-Windows 11 (isibonelo se-Intel I219-V)

Uma usuvele unike amandla i-BIOS/UEFI, uvule i-Wake on Magic Packet, ukhethe amabhokisi okuthi Ukulawulwa kwamandla, ukhubaze i-Fast Startup ne-ASPM PCIe futhi namanje ayisebenzi, zama lokhu okulandelayo:

• Umshayeli usesikhathini samanje: Faka umshayeli we-I219-V wakamuva kusuka kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi webhodi lomama noma kusuka Intel.
• Izakhiwo ezithuthukile I-NIC: Inika amandla okuthi “Shutdown Wake-On-Lan” (uma kusebenza), “Wake on Magic Packet” kanye “Vuka Ekufanisweni Kwephethini”. Uma ubona okuthi “Wake from S0ix on Magic Packet”, ivule.
• Khubaza i-EEE/Green Ethernet: Ikhubaza i-“Energy Efficient Ethernet” ukuze ivimbele isixhumanisi ukuthi singangeni esimweni esivimbela ukuvuka.
• Amandla uthi- Kwamanye amakhompyutha ane-Modern Standby (S0ix) i-WoL ingase iziphathe ngendlela ehlukile kunaku-S3. Ngena ku-BIOS uma ungayiphoqa. S3 noma khubaza i-“ErP”/“Deep Sleep” enqamula amandla e-USB/PCIe.
• firewall: Ayivamisile ukuvimba i-Magic Packet lapho iphumule, kodwa inika amandla kudivayisi yangakini nge-WoL ukuvimbela ukuvinjwa. Dala imithetho ye-UDP 9 engena ngaphakathi uma ithuluzi lakho lisebenzisa leyo mbobo noma leyo oyimisayo.
• I-Router ne-ARP: setha i-IP nge-Static DHCP bese uzama ukuvuka ku- i-subnet efanayoUma isuka ku-inthanethi, hlola ukuthi i-UDP 9 idluliselwe ku-IP yangaphakathi nokuthi okufakiwe kwe-ARP akuzange kulahleke.
• Ukuhlolwa kwekhebula: I-WoL phezu kwe-WiFi ayihambisani kuwo wonke ama-chipsets amaningi; uma ukwazi, sebenzisa Ethernet.
• Mayelana nathi: Aziphoqelekile ku-WoL, kodwa ukuba ne-WMI neRemote Registry esebenzayo kusiza kumathuluzi ukuphathwa ehlela ukuthungela.

Uma kungekho kulokhu okusebenza, zama okunye. Ithuluzi le-WoL, zama komunye umthumeli futhi njengesinyathelo sokugcina, faka i-PCIe NIC ehambisanayo eshibhile ukuze uyihlukanise uma inkinga isuka ihadiwe yamanje.

Vuka ku-LAN nge-Microsoft Configuration Manager (SCCM)

Ekusetshenzisweni kwebhizinisi, Isiphathi Sokucupha sihlanganisa amakhono we Vuka ku-LAN okwenza kube lula ukuqalisa ngobuningi futhi kugweme ukulinganiselwa kwe-subnet. Kusukela kunguqulo ye-1810, iseva yesayithi isebenzisa i- isiteshi sezaziso zekhasimende ukuthola amakhasimende aku-inthanethi ku-subnet ekude futhi uwacele ukuthi athumele I-Magic Packet kumakhompyutha alele.

Izidingo Ezibalulekile Nemikhawulo: Okungenani iklayenti elilodwa kufanele libe iyasebenza kwi-subnet okuyiwa kuyo; akukho usekelo lwe-IPv6 kanye ne-802.1X engadingeka ukucushwa okwengeziwe. Vimbela ukuqashiswa kwe-DHCP okungapheli: Ngezinguqulo ezingu-2010+, ukuqasha okungapheli kuvimbela iklayenti ukuthi livuke noma lisebenze njengontanga.

Izimvume: Udinga indima yokuvikela nge Isaziso sesikhalazo esigabeni Seqoqo ukuze ukwazi ukuthumela ama-oda okuvuselela ukusuka kukhonsoli.

Ukucushwa Kweklayenti (1810+): Kukhona ukulungiselelwa “Vumela ukuvuselela inethiwekhi” ngaphakathi kwezilungiselelo zeklayenti Lokuphatha Amandla. Sebenzisa lesi silungiselelo kumaqoqo okuqondiwe futhi ukhohlwe ngokuthepha ngalinye mathupha i-adaptha yenethiwekhi.

I-WoL Port: kusuka ku-1902 ungacacisa i- Imbobo ye-UDP ezosetshenziswa yi-WoL (kwabelwane ngazo zombili izinguqulo ezintsha nezivamile). Lungisa le pharamitha ukuze ivumelane neyakho red.

Vusa amadivayisi kusuka kukhonsoli: chofoza kwesokudla kudivayisi bese usebenzisa Isaziso Sekhasimende > Yenza kusebenze futhi, noma uqalise isenzo eqoqweni: yilabo kuphela abalele abazothola i-oda; labo asebeku-inthanethi abathintani.

Umnqamulajuqu Wokusebenzisa (2010+): Isiza singasebenzisa isiteshi sokwazisa seklayenti ukuze sibe ne untanga ku-subnet efanayo Thumela Iphakethe Lomlingo lapho umnqamulajuqu odingekayo ufika ngokuthi “Thumela Amaphakethe Okwenza Kuphinde Kusebenze.”

Uma unika amandla inguqulo entsha kuphela, uzothola isaziso sokuthi Vuka ukusabela kwe-ad hoc. Uma unika amandla kokubili (okusha + okwesiko), ungaphinda usebenzise ngokuthi isaziso futhi nangezikhathi ezimisiwe, usebenzisa izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zazo zombili.

Izinguqulo 1806 nangaphambilini: isu lidlula ku-WoL yakudala enamaphakheji we i-unicast kanye “nommeleli wokuvuka”, okudinga ukunika amandla “Sebenzisa amaphakethe wokuvuka kuphela” kanye ne-Unicast kusayithi. Lo mmeleli uze uvumele ukuxhumana kwe-ad hoc njengokuthi Ideskithophu ekude.

Ukuze kuqashwe, kunemibiko efana nokuthi “Isifinyezo Sesimo Sokuthunyelwa Kommeleli wokuvuka” kanye “Nemininingwane Yesimo Sokusetshenziswa Kommeleli Wokuvuka”. Qaphela ukuthi uma usebenzisa ummeleli iklayenti lingase misa kancane inethiwekhi Imizuzwana engu-1-3 uma usetha kabusha i-NIC.

Ngamafuphi, i-SCCM yehlisa ukungqubuzana okuvamile kwe-WoL “ehlanzekile” (ukusakazwa, ama-subnet, i-ARP) ngokuthembela kumakhasimende asebenzayo afana abasakazi bendawo, into ewusizo kakhulu kumanethiwekhi ahlukene kanye nezinqubomgomo eziningi imingcele.

Ukusebenzisa i-Wake on LAN okulungiselelwe kahle kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine i-PC ivaliwe futhi itholakala lapho kudingeka, kuhlanganisa ukonga amandla ukufinyelela okukude Uma uyidinga. Njengoba i-BIOS/UEFI ne-Windows ishuniwe, i-IP emile kumzila, nezindlela ezinhle zokuphepha (noma i-SCCM ebhizinisini), i-WoL iba yithuluzi. onokwethenjelwa futhi ukhululekile kokubili ekhaya nasezindaweni zebhizinisi.