Isetshenziswa kanjani i-Windows Autopilot ukuze ikhiphe futhi iphathe amaqembu

I-Windows Autopilot iyindlela yesimanje yokwenza ama-PC e-Windows asebenze kalula , ihlanganisa amandla ezinsizakalo zamafu nolwazi lwesistimu yemvelo ukuze i-IT ikwazi ukumisa, ukuhlinzeka kusengaphambili, ukusetha kabusha, nokubuyisa amadivayisi ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa nje. Le ndlela isusa indlela yendabuko "yesiko" futhi iguqula ukufakwa kwe-OEM kube izinhlelo ezilungele ibhizinisi.

Umgomo uwukukhulisa umkhiqizo kusukela ngesikhathi ivuliwe : umsebenzisi wokugcina umane axhumeke kwi-inthanethi futhi angene ngemvume, kuyilapho izinqubomgomo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezilungiselelo kusetshenziswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Autopilot ihlanganisa izimo eziphelele zomjikelezo wokuphila (ukufakwa, ukunikezwa kabusha, kanye nomhlalaphansi) futhi ingasetshenziswa kokubili ngama-PC e-Windows 10/11 kanye namadivayisi e-HoloLens 2.

Iyini i-Windows Autopilot?

I-Windows Autopilot iyiqoqo lobuchwepheshe be-Microsoft kanye nezinsizakalo ezenzelwe ukuthunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokucushwa kwamadivayisi e-Windows 10 kanye ne-11 . Ngokuhlanganiswa kwayo nezixazululo zokuphatha ezifana ne-Microsoft Intune kanye ne-Microsoft Configuration Manager, ilinganisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi, inciphisa izikhathi zokufakwa, futhi isuse imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo yesandla.

Esikhundleni sokugcina izithombe ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngemodeli ngayinye , i-Autopilot isebenzisa inguqulo ye-Windows eyenziwe ngcono ngomkhiqizi (i-OEM) esevele ifakiwe kukhompyutha ngayinye bese "iyithuthukisa" ibe yisimo senkampani, isebenzisa izinqubomgomo, ifaka izinhlelo zokusebenza , futhi, uma kudingeka, ishintshe uhlelo (isibonelo, kusukela ku-Pro kuya ku-Enterprise) ukuze inike amandla izici ezithuthukisiwe.

Ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nenqubo

Ukuhamba komsebenzi kwe-Autopilot kusebenzisa ifu ukuguqula ukufakwa kwe-OEM kube idivayisi yebhizinisi ephethwe . Amaphrofayili okusetshenziswa achaza ulwazi lokuqala olungaphandle kwebhokisi (i-OOBE), ukubhaliswa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-MDM, uhlobo lokujoyina izinkomba, kanye nokwenza ngezifiso okubonakalayo.

Ngesikhathi se-Out-of-the-Box Experience (OOBE), izinqubomgomo ziyasetshenziswa futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza zisetshenziswa njengoba kudingeka endimeni ngayinye (isb., ukukhiqiza, ukuphepha, ukuxhumana, noma amathuluzi athile), ngakho-ke ithimba likulungele ukusebenza ngokushesha. Le nqubo inciphisa ukungenelela okuvela kokubili ku-IT nakumsebenzisi wokugcina.

Uma esesetshenzisiwe, amadivayisi angaphathwa ngamathuluzi ahlukene , okuhlanganisa i-Microsoft Intune ye-MDM/MAM, izinqubomgomo ze -Windows Update zokugcina uhlelo lusesikhathini, i-Microsoft Configuration Manager yezimo zendabuko noma ezixubile, kanye nezixazululo ze-MDM ezihambisanayo ezivela eceleni.

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-IT nebhizinisi

• Isikhathi esincane sokusebenza kanye nengqalasizinda encaneNgokususa isidingo sokudala nokugcina izithombe zangokwezifiso, izinto zokusebenza nezindleko zehliswa kakhulu, kuyilapho okokusebenza kufinyelela kubasebenzisi ngokushesha futhi ngamaphutha ambalwa.
• Umuzwa othuthukisiwe wabasebenzisi bokugcina: Ukusebenzisana kwehliselwe ekuxhumekeni kunethiwekhi nokungena ngemvume ngemininingwane yakho; okunye kuzenzakalela, ngendlela ejwayelekile, nevikelekile, ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe noma ukulinda okungadingekile.
• Ukuvumelana nezimo okuphelele kwezimo ezikude noma ezisabalalisiwe: Ukusebenzisa okusekelwe efwini kuzifanela kahle izinhlangano ezinomsebenzi okude, izindawo eziningi, noma ukuqashwa kwamaselula, ezigwema ukuvakasha komuntu mathupha nezingcingo ezisekelayo.
• Ukuvumelana nokuvikeleka ngokuklama: Izinqubomgomo zisetshenziswa ngokufanayo futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza zifakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, kuqinisa ukuthobelana, ukuvikeleka, nokungaguquguquki kokusebenza kuyo yonke imikhumbi.
• Izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi kanye nengozi encane yephutha lomuntu: Ukuzenzakalela kunciphisa imisebenzi eyenziwa mathupha, izinkinga zokumisa, nesikhathi esichithwa amaqembu e-IT kudivayisi ngayinye.

Izidingo kanye nokuhambisana

Ukuze usebenzise i-Windows Autopilot, inguqulo ehambisanayo ye-Windows 10/11 (inguqulo ye-Windows 10 engu-1703 nangaphezulu) kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-out-of-box (OOBE) kuyadingeka ukuze uxhumane nezinsizakalo ze-Microsoft. Izidingo zenethiwekhi, ilayisense, kanye nokucushwa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo kanye nethuluzi le-MDM elikhethiwe.

Ukujoyina ifolda kungaba yi-Microsoft Entra ID (eyayikade i-Azure Active Directory) noma i-hybrid , futhi ukubhaliswa kwe-MDM kuvame ukwenziwa nge-Microsoft Intune, yize abanye abahlinzeki be-MDM abasekelwayo nabo bengaphatha umjikelezo wokuphila kwamadivayisi e-Windows 10/11.

I-Autopilot isebenza kuma-PC kanye naku-HoloLens 2 , kanye nemibhalo ethile yokusetha lawa madivayisi ahlanganisiwe eqiniso ezindaweni zezinkampani.

Isebenza kanjani i-Windows Autopilot (Ukubuka konke kwezandla)

Inqubo iqala ngokubhalisa amadivayisi kusevisi ye-Autopilot , kungaba ngumkhiqizi/umhlinzeki (kungcono uma imishini ifika "inikezwe kusengaphambili" kumqashi wakho) noma ngokulayisha i-CSV enezihlonzi zehadiwe ezivela ku-IT.

Okulandelayo, kudalwa futhi kunikezwe iphrofayili yokusebenzisa echaza izici ezifana nohlobo lokujoyina i-Microsoft Entra ID, ukuthi ngabe ukudalwa kwama-akhawunti endawo kunqunyelwe yini, ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ze-OOBE ezishiyiwe, nokuthi isikrini sokwamukela senziwe kanjani ngokwezifiso ngophawu lwenkampani.

Uma umsebenzisi evula ikhompyutha futhi exhuma , idivayisi ixhumana nezinsizakalo ze-Microsoft, ibone ubulungu bayo enhlanganweni, ibhalisa ku-MDM (isibonelo, i-Intune), isebenzise izinqubomgomo, futhi ilande izinhlelo zokusebenza kuze kube yilapho isilungele ukusebenza.

1. Ukubhaliswa kwedivayisi: Ukufakwa ngomhlinzeki noma ishidi le-CSV elinezihlonzi zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezihlobene nesiqashi.
2. Umsebenzi wephrofayela: Iphrofayela ye-Autopilot icacisa ukuzizwisa kwe-OOBE, uhlobo lokujoyina, nokubhaliswa kwe-MDM okuzenzakalelayo.
3. Inqubomgomo nokusetshenziswa kohlelo lokusebenza: Ukuphepha, inethiwekhi, izilungiselelo zimisiwe futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidingekayo ziyasatshalaliswa.
4. Ilungele ukusebenzisa: Umsebenzisi ungena nemininingwane yakhe bese eqala ukusebenza ngemishini esezimisiwe kakade.

Izilungiselelo ezijwayelekile nezinketho ezithuthukile

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-OOBE : Ungafihla umsizi we-Cortana, wenze lula izinyathelo zokubhalisa, ubonise uphawu lwenkampani yakho, futhi unciphise ukungezwani kokuqala komsebenzisi.

Ushintsho lwe-Windows edition : iphrofayili ingathuthukisa i-Windows Pro edition ibe yi-Enterprise ukuze inike amandla izici ezithuthukisiwe, ngaphandle kokufakwa kabusha ngesandla noma ukungenelela endaweni.

Ukubhalisa ngokuzenzakalela ku-Intune : Ubudlelwano ne-Microsoft Endpoint Manager (Intune) buvumela izinqubomgomo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nokuhambisana ukuthi kusetshenziswe kusukela ekuqaleni kokuqala , ngokubonakala kanye nokulawula okuphakathi.

Izinqubomgomo Zokuvuselelwa Kwe-Windows : ukugcina izimoto zisesikhathini kubalulekile; kusukela efwini ungasetha izindandatho zokuvuselela, ukumiswa kanye namafasitela okulungisa ukuze ulinganisele ukuzinza nokuphepha.

Setha kabusha futhi usebenzise kabusha : Ukusetha kabusha i-Autopilot kubuyisela idivayisi esimweni "esihlanzekile" senkampani, esilungele umsebenzisi omusha noma njengokululama okusheshayo ekuhlulekeni, okunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi.

Amadivayisi Akhona: Ukufakwa kabusha kanye Namaphrofayili e-JSON Anomphathi Wokucupha

Uma idivayisi isivele isetshenziswa futhi idinga ukufakwa kabusha noma ukuthuthwa (isibonelo, ukuthuthukela enguqulweni yakamuva ye-Windows noma ukubuyisa ikhompyutha ene-OS eyonakele), i-Autopilot ingasekelwa yi-Microsoft Configuration Manager.

Ukulandelana kwemisebenzi ye-Configuration Manager kukuvumela ukuthi uphinde uthwebule isithombe noma wenze ukufakwa okuhlanzekile , kanye nokufaka kusengaphambili iphrofayili ye-Autopilot kudivayisi usebenzisa ifayela le-JSON, ukuze ngemva kokufakwa kabusha, ikhompyutha isebenzise ngokuzenzakalelayo ukufakwa okuchazwe kuleyo phrofayili.

Le ndlela igwema ukungenisa idivayisi ku-Intune kusengaphambili noma ukuyinika iphrofayili ye-Autopilot ; ifayela le-JSON elihlinzekwe ngaphambilini liqinisekisa ukuthi, ekupheleni kochungechunge, idivayisi ingena ngqo ekugelezeni kwe-Autopilot.

Izimo ezivamile zokusetshenziswa zifaka phakathi ukunikezwa kabusha kanye nokulungisa , ukufuduka kusuka kusizinda esisendaweni ejoyina i-Microsoft Entra ID, ukuguqula ikhompyutha ehlanganisiwe ibe yileyo ehlanganiswe ngokuphelele ne-Entra, ukulungisa amakhompyutha anamadiski ashintshiwe noma ukufakwa okonakele, noma ukuthuthukisa kusuka ezinguqulweni zangaphambilini ezingahambisani ne-Entra ID (njenge-Windows 8.1) kuya ku-Windows 10/11.

Le nqubo isiza ukulungiselela idivayisi ekhona kakade ukuze i-Autopilot ilawule ukukhishwa kwayo kokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa ukuklanywa kabusha kwesithombe nokuphathwa kwesimanje ukuze kube lula ukutholwa nokuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi akhona.

Ukuphatha nezinketho ze-MDM: Intune, Umphathi Wokucushwa, kanye Nezinkampani Zasesithathu

Ngemva kokusetshenziswa, ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kungenziwa nge-Microsoft Intune (izinqubomgomo, amaphrofayili, izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye nokuphepha), nge-Windows Update yebhizinisi, futhi, uma kufaneleka, nge-Microsoft Configuration Manager yezimo ezikhona noma ezihlanganisiwe.

Kukhona futhi izixazululo ze-MDM zenkampani yangaphandle ezihambisanayo ezandisa uhla lwezinketho. Ezindaweni ezine-Ivanti Endpoint Manager, isibonelo, ukuphathwa kwe-MDM kungahlanganiswa nokuphathwa kwe-ejenti yendabuko (ukuphathwa kwe-hybrid) ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngokuphelele amazinga ahlukene okucushwa kwesofthiwe nokusatshalaliswa kwayo.

Kwa-Ivanti, ukuxhumana okuphephile kuncike ku-Cloud Services Appliance (CSA) , esebenza njengendawo yokuhlangana yamadivayisi nge-inthanethi; ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuvikela iseva yewebhu ngesitifiketi se-SSL esithembekile futhi ulungiselele ukuhlanganiswa ne-LDAP (ngokuvamile i-Active Directory) yemibuzo nokuphathwa.

Ukuze uthole izaziso ku-Windows, u-Ivanti usebenzisa i-Windows Push Notification Service (WNS) ; amakhompyutha angabhalisa nge-Autopilot, ngokubhalisa okuqondile kwe-kernel (ezindaweni ze-Active Directory), nge-Azure AD ezinguqulweni ezisekelwayo, noma ngezinqubomgomo zeqembu ezimweni ezihlanganisiwe.

Ukuhamba komsebenzi Okunconyiwe (Ukubuka konke Kwezinga Eliphezulu)

1. Ukubhaliswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha: Thola izihlonzi kumhlinzeki/i-OEM noma khipha izigxivizo zeminwe bese uzilayisha njenge-CSV kumqashi ukuze uzihlanganise ne-Autopilot kanye nenhlangano yakho.
2. I-Autopilot Profile Design: Ichaza okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-OOBE, uhlobo lokujoyina (i-Microsoft Intune ID noma i-Hybrid), noma ngabe i-akhawunti yendawo ivunyelwe, nokubhaliswa kwe-MDM okuzenzakalelayo (ngokuvamile i-Intune).
3. Ukwabela izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinqubomgomo: Sebenzisa i-Intune ukuze ulungiselele izilungiselelo zedivayisi/umsebenzisi, ukuphepha, ukuthobela, uhlelo lokusebenza, kanye nezinqubomgomo Zokuvuselela I-Windows zendima ngayinye.
4. Ukulethwa kanye nokuqaliswa kokuqala: Umsebenzisi uvula idivayisi, aqinisekise, bese kwenzeka umlingo: izinqubomgomo nezinhlelo zokusebenza zisetshenziswa idivayisi ize ilungele ukusebenza.
5. Ukusebenza kanye nomjikelezo wempilo: Iqapha ukuthobela, isebenzise izibuyekezo, imise ukulungiselelwa, futhi, uma kunesidingo, yenza Ukusetha kabusha Okuzenzakalelayo kokunikezwa kabusha noma ukutakula.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungabuka futhi ulawule kanjani ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngohlelo lokusebenza ku-Windows 11

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.