Ungawakhetha kanjani amakhodekhi omsindo angcono kakhulu: umhlahlandlela osebenzayo nowokuqhathanisa

Namuhla siphila nenqwaba yamadivayisi athembele ku-Bluetooth: omakhalekhukhwini, omabonakude, izilawuli ezikude, izipikha, ama-headphone… futhi, ngokunyamalala kwe-headphone jack kumafoni amaningi, i-Bluetooth isibe yinkosi yokudlala okungenantambo . Ukukhetha i-codec efanele kwenza umehluko omkhulu phakathi komsindo ophansi kanye nomsindo onemininingwane, ukubhoboza, kanye nokuvumelanisa.

Isihluthulelo ukuthi umthumeli kanye nomamukeli bakhulume "ulimi" olufanayo. Uma ifoni yakho izama ukusebenzisa i-codec ethuthukisiwe kodwa ama-headphone akho engayisekeli, uhlelo luzokwehla ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda ukuthi iyiphi i-codec efaneleka kakhulu kudivayisi yakho kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo (umculo, izinhlelo ze-TV, imidlalo, izingcingo) kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyayenza kahle futhi ugweme ukuchitha isikhathi sebhethri futhi uphazamise ikhwalithi yomsindo.

Iyini i-codec ye-Bluetooth futhi kungani ibalulekile?

I-Bluetooth codec uhlelo olucindezela futhi lukhiphe umsindo ukuze udluliselwe ngaphandle kwentambo. Umsindo ufakwa ikhodi efonini bese ufakwa ikhodi kuma-headphone. Le nqubo cishe ihlala ilahleka, ngakho ikhwalithi yokugcina incike ekutheni kugcinwe ulwazi olungakanani nokuthi ukucindezela kuphathwa kahle kangakanani . Umthombo nezinhlobo zamafayela omsindo nazo zidlala indima.

Ngaphandle kokucindezela, kunesinye isici esibalulekile: ukuhambisana. Womabili amadivayisi (omakhalekhukhwini nama-headphone/izipikha) kumele asekele i-codec efanayo . Ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlelo lusebenzisa i-codec eyisisekelo, ebanzi (ngokuvamile i-SBC), okuholela ekunciphiseni ikhwalithi noma ekubambezelekeni okwandisiwe.

Imiqondo engukhiye: i-bitrate, isilinganiso sesampula, nokujula kwebhithi

Ukuze uqhathanise ama-codec, kuyasiza ukuqonda ama-metric amathathu abalulekile. Akudingeki ube unjiniyela, kodwa kudingeka ucacelwe ukuthi i-metric ngayinye inikela ini nokuthi ihumusha kanjani endlebeni yakho. Ukwazi lezi zibalo kuzokusiza uqonde ukuthi kungani i-codec eyodwa izwakala kangcono kunenye.

• I-Bitrate (kbps): idatha ngomzuzwana ihamba isuka ocingweni iye kumahedsethi. Lapho isivinini siphezulu, ulwazi lomsindo oluningi futhi, ngokuvamile, ikhwalithi engcono (ngoxhumano oluhle).
• Izinga lesampula (kHz): mangaki “amasampula” athathwa kumsindo ngomzuzwana. I-44,1 kHz iyikhwalithi ye-CD; I-48 kHz ijwayelekile kuvidiyo; I-96 kHz ivela kumakhodekhi e-Hi-Res.
• Ukujula kancane: ichaza ububanzi obuguquguqukayo nemininingwane (amabhithi angu-16 ku-CD, amabhithi angu-24 ku-Hi-Res). Ama-bits amaningi, ama-nuances amaningi ngevolumu kanye nokwakheka. Ukubonisana ziyini izandiso zomsindo.

Ukuhambisana: Ikhodekhi ikhethwa ngamadivayisi akho amabili

Akwanele ukuthi ifoni yakho ibe ne-codec yakamuva. Uma ama-headphone akho engayisekeli, ngeke isetshenziswe. Uhlelo luxoxisana nge-codec evamile engcono kakhulu, futhi uma ingekho, ishintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo ibe yi-SBC . Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani i-LDAC noma i-aptX HD ngezinye izikhathi "ingasebenzi" noma ngabe uvula inketho ku -Android.

Okuqukethwe nakho kudinga ukucatshangelwa. Ukusakaza i -MP3 endala ku-128 kbps usebenzisa i-Hi-Res codec akuthuthukisi ngokuyisimangaliso i-original . Ukulungisa i-codec ukuze ivumelane nokusebenzisa kwakho (ukusakaza, imidlalo, izingcingo, umculo wendawo) kukuvumela ukuthi ulinganisele ikhwalithi, ukubambezeleka, kanye nokuphila kwebhethri.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwamakhodekhi e-Bluetooth abaluleke kakhulu

I-SBC: Isisekelo se-All-in-one

I-SBC (i-low-complexity subband codec) iyi-"wild card" ebalulekile ku-A2DP. Yiyona denominator ejwayelekile ephansi kakhulu eqinisekisa ukuthi yonke into idlala, noma ngabe ayizwakali kahle. Ngokuvamile isebenza phakathi kuka-240–345 kbps kanye nama-frequency angu-44,1/48 kHz , inikeza ukucindezela okungekuhle kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinketho zanamuhla.

Okubaluleke kakhulu kuyo ukuzinza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi kumadivayisi anamandla aphansi. Ayikwazi ukuhambisana nomculo odingayo kanye nokuvumelanisa ividiyo nemidlalo kahle , kodwa njengenetha lokuphepha, iqinisekisa ukuhambisana okubanzi.

I-AAC: indinganiso kwa-Apple futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi ekusakazeni

I-AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) iyi-codec ephumelela kakhulu, ekhethwe yi-Apple njengokuzenzakalelayo kwayo. Isekela i-VBR (i-bitrate eguquguqukayo) futhi ingafinyelela ku-320 kbps, ngamaphrofayili asukela ku-AAC-LC kuya ku-HE-AAC v2 . Isebenza kahle kakhulu ku -iOS ; ku-Android, ukusebenza kwayo kuncike kwihadiwe.

Amaphrofayili avamile: I-AAC-LC (16–256 kbps mono kanye ne-stereo efika ku-448 kbps), i-HE-AAC kanye ne-HE-AAC v2 . Amazinga okulinganisa avamile angama-44,1 kHz omculo kanye nama-48 kHz evidiyo, futhi angafinyelela ku-96 kHz.

Umndeni we-aptX we-Qualcomm: ukusuka kokuqinile kuye kokuphambili

I-aptX yadalwa emashumini eminyaka edlule futhi manje iphethwe yi-Qualcomm. Yathuthuka kakhulu kune-SBC ngokwekhwalithi futhi isishintshe yaba izinhlobo eziningana. I-aptX "ejwayelekile" isebenza kufika ku-352 kbps, ama-bits angu-16, kanye nama-kHz angu-48 , inikeza umsindo wekhwalithi eseduze ne-CD kanye nokubambezeleka okuphansi kune-SBC/AAC kumadivayisi amaningi e-Android.

• I-aptX Low Latency (LL): yakhelwe ukunciphisa i ukubambezeleka komsindo, icishe ibe ngu-40 ms ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle. Iphatha kufika ku-352 kbps, 16 bits no-48 kHz, ilungele ividiyo nokudlala uma kokubili amaselula nama-headphone akusekela.
• I-aptX HD: ihlose ukuchazwa okuphezulu nge 24-bit/48 kHz futhi kufika ku-576 kbps. Inikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe kanye nobubanzi obuguqukayo kune-aptX evamile.
• I-aptX Adaptive: ilungisa ngokuguqukayo i-bitrate phakathi ~279 kanye ne-420 kbps futhi ingasebenza kuze kube 24 kancane / 96 kHz Kuye ngedivayisi, ifuna ibhalansi phakathi kwekhwalithi nokuzinza ezindaweni ezishintshayo.
• I-aptX Ilahlekile: ngaphakathi kweplatifomu ye-Snapdragon Sound, ihlose ukudlulisa Ikhwalithi ye-CD engalahleki (16-bit/44,1 kHz) lapho uxhumano lukuvumela, ukukala kufika ku-~1,2 Mbps. Uma umsakazo ungaphelezeli, wehlisa ngobuhlakani i-bitrate.

Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi zithengiswa ngokuthi "azinawo umkhawulo," izinhlobo ze-aptX zendabuko (ezijwayelekile, i-HD, i-LL, i-Adaptive) ziyawohloka . Isimangalo "asinawo umkhawulo" sisebenza ku-aptX Lossless ezimweni ezithile kanye nemishini ehambisanayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.

I-LDAC: Ukulungiswa Okuphezulu nge-Bluetooth

I-LDAC kaSony iwubuchwepheshe obuhamba phambili bomsindo ongenantambo onesinqumo esiphezulu. Ifinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-990 kbps, 24-bit, kanye no-96 kHz, nge-bitrate eguquguqukayo . Isekelwa kabanzi ku-Android futhi ihlanganiswe abakhiqizi abaningi abangebona abe-Sony.

Ngenxa yobubanzi bayo, idlulisela ulwazi oluningi kakhulu kune-SBC ejwayelekile noma i-aptX. Ekuxhumekeni okubuthakathaka, ingase yehlise izinga ukuze ibeke phambili ukuzinza , futhi ukubambezeleka kungase kungabi yinto ephansi kakhulu yokudlala imidlalo, kodwa inikeza intuthuko enkulu kumculo we-Hi-Res.

I-LHDC ne-LLAC: Ukuchazwa Okuphezulu Ngokugxila Ekubambeni

I-LHDC (Low Latency High Definition Codec), eyasungulwa yi-Savitech/HWA, incintisana ne-LDAC emakethe ye-Hi-Res. Ifinyelela isivinini esingaba ngu-900 kbps, ama-bits angu-24, kanye no-96 kHz , futhi isekelwa abakhiqizi abanjengoHuawei , iSennheiser, i-Onkyo, kanye ne-1MORE.

Uhlobo lwayo lwe-LLAC (LHDC LL) ludela ikhwalithi ethile ukuze lufinyelele ukubambezeleka okuphansi. Luphatha kufika ku-~600 kbps kuma-48 kHz/24 bits futhi luhamba cishe ngama-30 ms kwimodi yokubambezeleka okuphansi, okuwusizo kakhulu emidlalweni noma ekubukeni amavidiyo.

I-Samsung Scalable Codec: Ukuzinza Ngaphezu Kwakho Konke

Ngaphakathi kwe-Samsung ecosystem (amafoni e-Galaxy anama-headphone e-Samsung), uzothola i-"Scalable" codec, eyenziwe nge-AKG. Ibeka phambili ukuzinza futhi ilungisa ijubane lokudlulisa ngesikhathi sangempela , inikeza ulwazi olungenamthungo ngaphakathi kwe-Samsung ecosystem.

I-DSEE Extreme: Akuyona i-codec, isithuthukisi se-AI

Kuhle ukucacisa: I-DSEE Extreme yakwa-Sony ayithumeli umsindo; iyinjini yokukhulisa i-AI ezama ukubuyisela amaza alahlekile kumafayela acindezelwe (i-MP3, ukusakaza). Isebenza ngama-headphone ahambisanayo futhi ingaphefumula impilo entsha emithonjeni ephansi.

Ungashintsha kanjani i-codec ye-Bluetooth ku-Android

Kumadivayisi amaningi e-Android, ungaphoqa i-codec kusuka ku-Developer Options. Zinike amandla kuqala (thepha inombolo yokwakha izikhathi eziningana) bese uya ku-"Bluetooth audio codecs" . Lapho uzobona uhlu olusekelwa yifoni yakho.

Qaphela: Ukukhetha nje i-codec efonini yakho akwanele. Uma ama-headphone akho engayisekeli leyo codec, uxhumano luzoxoxisana nge-ehambisanayo . Kuma -iPhone , awukwazi ukukhetha ngesandla: i-iOS isebenzisa i-AAC uma itholakala futhi ishintshela ku-SBC uma ingekho.

Iyiphi i-codec ongayikhetha ngokuya ngecala lakho

Ukukhetha akulona okuvamile. Kuncike emishinini yakho, endaweni ezungezile, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwakho okuyinhloko. Uma okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe kungumculo onemininingwane eminingi futhi unamadivayisi ahambisanayo , khona-ke i-LDAC noma i-LHDC yizinketho eziphumelelayo.

• Umculo we-Hi-Res: I-LDAC noma i-LHDC (iselula namahedfoni ayahambisana). I-aptX HD ingenye indlela enhle uma ungenayo i-LDAC/LHDC.
• Ividiyo nemidlalo: I-aptX I-Adaptive yebhalansi yekhwalithi/ukubambezeleka; i-aptX LL uma izinhlangothi zombili ziyisekela; I-LHDC/LLAC nayo ingasebenza kahle kakhulu.
• Ukuhambisana okujwayelekile ku-Android: "Okujwayelekile" i-aptX ivamise ukwenza kangcono kune-SBC ezimeni eziningi.
• Isimo semvelo se-Apple: I-AAC iyindlela yomdabu futhi eyenziwe kahle; bhanqa nama-headphone awasebenzisa kahle.
• Ukuzinza nebhethri: I-SBC noma ama-codec aguquguqukayo e-bitrate aphansi; Ngokuxhumeka okunzima, kungcono ukubeka phambili ukuzinza.

Ungakhohlwa umthombo. Ukudlala umsindo osezingeni eliphansi (isb., i-128 kbps) nge-Hi-Res codec akuthuthukisi ikhwalithi . Amapulatifomu okusakaza akuvumela ukuthi ulungise ikhwalithi; uma ufuna imininingwane, khuphukela "phezulu" noma "phezulu." Uma ungenayo idatha noma isignali eyanele, yehla izinga ukuze ugweme ukubhafa. Uma udinga ukwenza ngcono izilungiselelo kudivayisi yakho, funda ukuthi ungawaphatha kanjani ama-codec.

Imininingwane nama-nuances wekhodekhi ngayinye

Kulabo abafuna ukuqonda imininingwane ethile, nansi izinombolo ezingokoqobo kanye nokuziphatha okufanele ukucatshangelwe. Zizokusiza ukuthi ulungise okulindelwe kanye nokuhlanganiswa.

• I-SBC: Ibanga lesivinini elijwayelekile lingu-240–345 kbps; abanye abakhiqizi bakhawulela lokhu ukuze ulondoloze impilo yebhethri. Ifanele izingcingo nokulalela nje.
• I-AAC: Isebenza kahle ikakhulukazi ku-iOS; ku-Android, ingase isebenzise i-CPU namandla amaningi, kuye nge-chip. Amaphrofayili e-AAC-LC/HE-AAC/HE-AAC v2, asetshenziswa njalo ku-44,1/48 kHz kanye nezinketho ezifika ku-96 kHz.
• i-aptX: Okujwayelekile ku-352 kbps, 16/48; ithuthukisa ukubambezeleka nge-SBC/AAC. i-aptX HD ikhuphukela ku-576 kbps futhi 24/48; I-aptX Adaptive iqala ukusuka ku-~279–420 kbps futhi ingakhuphukela ku-24/96; I-aptX LL inhle kakhulu kuvidiyo nokudlala; I-aptX Lossless ifuna ama-CD angalahleki afika ku-~1,2 Mbps ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo.
• I-LDAC: izindlela ezintathu ezivamile (330/660/990 kbps). Ku-990 kbps yilapho kukhanya khona; Uma umsakazo ubuthakathaka, yehlisa i-bitrate ukuze ugcine ukuqhubeka..
• I-LHDC/LLAC: 900 kbps ku-Hi-Res; I-LLAC yehlela ku-~600 kbps ku-48 kHz/24-bit ngokubambezeleka okungaba ngu-30 ms.
• I-Samsung Scalable: Okuguquguqukayo okugxile ekuzinzeni; Kunconywa kakhulu uma usebenzisa ifoni ye-Samsung namahedfoni.
• I-DSEE Extreme: Intuthuko ebonwayo ngemithombo ecindezelwe; ayithathi indawo ye-codec ephezulu ye-bitrate, kodwa ingashelela ama-artifact ekusakazeni.

Ngokuphathelene nemikhiqizo kanye nokuhambisana, i-LDAC ikhona kuma-headphone amaningi angewona awe-Sony (i-QCY, i-Sennheiser, i-Edifier, i-Technics, njll.) . Kukhona ngisho namamodeli akamuva njenge-QCY MeloBuds Pro noma i-QCY H3 Pro enokusekelwa kwe-LDAC kanye nesitifiketi se-Hi-Res, aqashelwa emiklomelweni efana ne-VGP 2025 (kanye nasesimweni se-H3 Pro, kanye ne-IDA).

Ngale kwe-Bluetooth yakudala: LE Audio (LC3), UWB ne-SCL6

I-Bluetooth iyashintsha. Nge-LE Audio kuza i-LC3 (Low Complexity Communication Codec), ethembisa ukufanisa noma ukudlula ikhwalithi ye-SBC nge-bitrate ephansi , yandisa impilo yebhethri futhi ivule iminyango efana ne-Multi-Stream Audio (ithumela kuma-headphone amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa).

Okwamanje, ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-ultra-wideband (UWB) buyavela njengendlela ehlukile. I-UWB isebenzisa amandla amancane futhi ingaphatha amazinga aphezulu kakhulu edatha , okuvumela umsindo ongenakulahlekelwa, onesinqumo esiphezulu kakhulu. Inselele yayo yamanje "ukuphazamiseka komzimba" (umzimba wakho unganciphisa isignali), kodwa ama-antenna nemiklamo kuyathuthukiswa ukuze kuncishiswe lokhu.

Kufakwe ne-SCL6, i-codec eguquguqukayo kakhulu eyenzelwe ukusebenza nge-Bluetooth, i-UWB, noma i-Wi-Fi futhi ikhule kusukela cishe ku-200 kbps ngokulahlekelwa kuya cishe ku-20 Mbps ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa . Ngokuthakazelisayo, ingavulwa nge-firmware kwamanye amadivayisi, inikeze ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okuphawulekayo ngaphandle kokudinga ukuthuthukiswa kwehadiwe.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Amakhodekhi omsindo anokucindezela okuphezulu kakhulu: ukuqhathanisa kwamanje

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.