- I-STL ichaza ijometri yemodeli ye-3D isebenzisa onxantathu, kuyilapho i-G-code iqukethe imiyalelo yokunyakaza ne-extrusion yephrinta.
- Ukuguqulwa kwe-STL kuya ku-G-code kwenziwa ngesisiki, esisika imodeli sibe izendlalelo futhi sikhiqize izindlela ngokuya ngamapharamitha wokuphrinta akhethiwe.
- Amafayela e-STL kulula ukuwahlela nokusebenzisa kabusha; Ikhodi ye-G yenzelwe umshini ngamunye nokokusebenza, futhi ngokuvamile ikhiqizwa kabusha lapho izilungiselelo zishintsha.
- Kukhona izixazululo eziku-inthanethi ngisho nezisekelwe kuwebhu. IA eyenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuguqulwa kwekhodi ye-STL-G futhi kube lula ukuphathwa kwemikhumbi yephrinta ye-3D.
Uma usebenza ngokuphrinta kwe-3D, kungekudala uzohlangana nombuzo wokuthi usuka kanjani usuka kwenye Ifayela le-STL kwikhodi ye-G ebalulekileEnye ichaza i-geometry yemodeli, kanti enye ikhombisa, umugqa ngomugqa, ukuthi iphrinta kufanele yenzeni. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kanye nenqubo yokuguqula kuyisihluthulelo sokugwema izingxenye ezihlulekile, ukuchitha isikhathi, namathani emicu kudoti.
Emigqeni elandelayo sizokwephula kahle kahle ukuthi liyini ifayela le-STL, ukuthi liyini ifayela le-G-code, zihlobana kanjani nokuthi yimaphi amathuluzi onawo (kusuka kusofthiwe yakudala kuya ezixazululweni zamafu nge-AI) ukuze uguqule eyodwa ibe enye ngaphandle kokusangana ngokufaka noma ukucupha okungajwayelekile.
Liyini ifayela le-STL futhi kungani kuyisiqalo?
Ifomethi ye-STL iyindinganiso ye-de facto ekuphrinteni kwe-3D: iyi-a Ifayela le-3D mesh elakhiwe ngonxantathu kuphelaAkusekho, akukho okuncane. Unxantathu ngamunye uchazwa ngama-vertices amathathu kanye nokujwayelekile, futhi isamba sawo wonke sakha ingaphezulu lemodeli yakho.
Le fomethi ingagcinwa kwimodi yombhalo (ASCII) noma kumodi kanambambili. Empeleni, kanambambili cishe isetshenziswa njalo.Ngoba amafayela emodeli enemininingwane angaba mkhulu uma egcinwe embhalweni ongenalutho. Kunoma ikuphi, isakhiwo sangaphakathi silula kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa namanye amafomethi esimanje e-3D njenge-GLB noma i-FBX, futhi uma ufuna ukujula ku- Umehluko phakathi kwe-STEP, STL, kanye ne-3MF.
Ubulula be-STL buza ngentengo: impela ukungasebenzi kahle kokugcina ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbiLokhu kungenxa yokuthi iphinda idatha eminingi ye-vertex futhi ayifaki ukucindezela okuthuthukile. Noma kunjalo, ilona kanye lobu bulula obuvumela cishe noma yiluphi uhlelo lokumodela lwe-3D nesisiki ukuthi sikuvule ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Imininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi amafayela e-STL Abagcini ulwazi mayelana nombala noma izinto Ngokwemigomo ejwayelekile, kumafayela e-STL ahlanzekile, yonke i-mesh "yenziwe ngento efanayo," futhi ngokuvamile, ezinye izinhlelo zisebenzisa izandiso ezingekho emthethweni ukuze zengeze umbala, kodwa lokhu akukona konke.
Mayelana nokuhlela, i-STL isebenza kahle kakhulu cishe nazo zonke izinhlelo zokuklama nokulungisa amameshi: kusukela kuzixazululo ezichwepheshile kuya kumathuluzi wamahhala, isibonelo, Khipha amamodeli kusuka ku-Blender. Lungisa ifayela le-STL, lungisa izimbobo, ukale, noma usike. Kulula uma usebenzisa isofthiwe efanele, yingakho kuyifomethi ekahle yokulungiselela imodeli ngaphambi kokuyiguqulela ku-G-code.
Yini i-G-code futhi idlala yiphi indima ekuphrinteni kwe-3D?
I-G-code ayiyona ifomethi yemodeli ye-3D kanjalo, kodwa a ulimi lokufundisa olusezingeni eliphansi Itshela iphrinta ukuthi yenzeni isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. "Ulimi" umshini oluqondayo: ukunyakaza, ukushisa, ukukhipha, ukumisa, ukushintsha i-filament, njll.
Uma uvula ifayela le-G-code kusihleli sombhalo, uzobona amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zemigqa imiyalo zohlobo "hambisa ku-X,Y,Z", "qala ukukhipha", "misa i-extrusion" kanye nemingcele yezinombolo enembile. Wonke umlomo nokunyakaza kombhede, zonke izingqimba ziyashintsha, futhi konke ukuhlehla kuchazwa ngokucacile.
Lawa mafayela angaba umbhalo noma kanambambili, nakuba kuvamile ukusebenza nekhodi ye-G embhalweni ongenalutho ngoba kulula ukubuyekeza, ukulungisa iphutha, nokuhlela uma kudingekaI-drawback ukuthi usayizi wefayela ungaba mkhulu, njengoba inani elikhulu lemiyalelo liyadingeka ngisho nasezinxenyeni ezilula.
Mayelana nezinto zokwakha, ikhodi ye-G nayo ayichazi ngokusobala "le nto yenziwe nge-PLA ebomvu" noma "lena i-ABS." Lokho elikwenzayo kufaka phakathi imiyalo yokushintsha i-filament, amazinga okushisa, isivinini, noma amapharamitha we-extrusionukuze iphrinta ikwazi ukushintsha phakathi kwemibala emibili noma izinhlobo ezimbili zezinto uma umshini ukuvumela.
Nakuba kungenzeka ukuguqula ifayela lekhodi ye-G ngesandla, akunconyiwe. Ikhodi ye-G ayihloselwe ukuhlelwa ngokuqondileNjengoba uguquko oluncane emugqeni owodwa lungangcolisa ungqimba lonke, ikhambi elisebenzayo ukulungisa imodeli yoqobo (i-STL noma enye ifomethi ye-3D) noma amapharamitha wokusika wesisiki, futhi ukhiqize kabusha ikhodi ye-G kusukela ekuqaleni.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-STL ne-G-code
Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi i-STL iyachaza umumo wejometri wentoNgenkathi i-G-code ichaza indlela yokuyakha ngokomzimba. Lawa amazinga amabili ahlukene olwazi aphelelisanayo kodwa angadluleli.
Ezingeni lesakhiwo, i-STL ngokuyisisekelo ingu-a Uhlu lonxantathu abangenakho ukunyakaza noma ulwazi lomshiniNgokuphambene, i-G-code iwuhlu lwemiyalo elandelanayo: ukudidiyela ukunyakaza, ukulawula i-extruder, amazinga okushisa, amafeni, ukumiswa okwesikhashana, njll. Eyokuqala ithi "iyini into," eyesibili "indlela ekhiqizwa ngayo."
Ngosayizi wefayela, ama-STL anambambili ngokuvamile aminyene kakhulu kunamafayela ombhalo, kodwa noma kunjalo Awasebenzi kahle Uma uwaqhathanisa namanye amafomethi e-3D aphinde asebenzise ama-vertices noma ahlanganisa ukuminyanisa, ikhodi ye-G embhalweni ingakhula kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngokulungiswa kwesendlalelo esihle nezindlela eziminyene kakhulu.
Mayelana nokuhlela, i-STL iyinkosi: cishe noma iyiphi isofthiwe yokumodela, yokulungisa, neyokuhlaziya i-mesh iyakusekela, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho. Abasiki abaningi bamukela i-STL ngokuqondile ukuze benze ikhodi ye-GIkhodi ye-G, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ayijwayele ukuhlelwa ngale kokulungiswa okuncane noma imibhalo ezenzakalelayo, njengoba kungenangqondo ukulolonga kabusha yonke indlela yokuphrinta.
Okokugcina, ngokombono wephrinta, ifayela le-STL lilodwa alifanelekile ukuphrinta. Iphrinta idinga ikhodi ye-GUma uthumela ifayela le-STL, uhlelo oluphakathi nendawo (isisiki) liyadingeka ukuliguqula. Nokho, uma usuvele unefayela le-G-code eliguqulelwe emshinini wakho, ungalithumela ngokuqondile, futhi iphrinta izoqala ukusebenza ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezengeziwe.
Ungawaguqula kanjani amafayela e-STL abe yi-G-code
Inqubo evamile yokuguqula ibandakanya isisiki, okuyisofthiwe eklanyelwe ukuhumusha i-3D mesh ibe yimiyalelo yekhodi ye-G eqondakala iphrintaPhakathi kwaziwa kakhulu yiCura, PrusaSlicer, Simplify3D, kanye ne-IdeaMaker, futhi ungabheka ukuqhathanisa izinhlelo ezinhle zokuphrinta ze-3D.
Ngokuvamile, ukuhamba komsebenzi yilokhu: okokuqala ulayisha i-STL (noma enye ifomethi ehambisanayo), bese ulungisa imingcele yokuphrinta (ukuphakama kwesendlalelo, izinga lokushisa, ukugcwalisa, ukusekela, isivinini, njll.) futhi ekugcineni, uhlelo. "sika" imodeli enezingqimba futhi ibala indlela umlomo wombhobho okufanele uyilandele. Umphumela uyikhodi ye-G ongayithumela kuphrinta ngekhadi le-SD. USB noma uxhumano lwenethiwekhi.
Lesi sinyathelo sokuguqula sibandakanya izilungiselelo eziningi: ukusuka ekumineni kokugcwalisa ukuya kumaphethini okusekela noma isivinini se-perimeter. Ukuguqulwa ngakunye kwalezi zilungiselelo kuthinta ngokuqondile ikhodi ye-G ekhiqiziweukushintsha kokubili izinga lesiqephu kanye el tiempo ukuphrinta nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Akhona futhi amathuluzi asuselwa emafini afana nalawa I-Prusa EasyPrint okukuvumela ukuthi ulayishe ifayela le-STL, i-OBJ noma i-3MF futhi ukhiqize ikhodi ye-G elungele ukuphrinta ngaphandle kokudinga ukufaka isofthiwe kukhompuyutha yakho. Lezi zixazululo eziku-inthanethi zingancika kuma-algorithms athuthukile ngisho ne-AI. ukwandisa ngokuzenzakalelayo imingcele yokusika, ekhanga kakhulu ezindaweni ezinemishini eminingi kanye nabasebenzisi abangebona ochwepheshe.
Kwezinye izimo, lezi zinsizakalo zewebhu ziqondiswe kumanyuvesi, izikhungo zemfundo, izinkampani noma amapulazi okuphrinta e-3D aphezulu, lapho ukugeleza komsebenzi okumaphakathi kufiseleka. Ulayisha ifayela le-STL, ukhethe iphrinta efanele noma iphrofayela, bese uthola ngokushesha ikhodi ye-G elungisiwe. kulelo qoqo lemishini, ngaphandle kobunzima bokufakwa kwendawo noma ukucushwa komuntu ngamunye ocezu ngalunye lwesisetshenziswa.
Izixazululo zamahhala zokufaka: Ukuguqulwa kwe-STL ukuya ku-G-code emafini
Uma ungafuni noma ungakwazi ukufaka izinhlelo kukhompyutha yakho, namuhla kunezinkundla eziku-inthanethi ezikuvumela ukuthi uguqule amamodeli akho. ngqo kusuka kusiphequluliVele uhudule bese uphonsa ifayela le-STL, OBJ, noma le-3MF ekhasini bese ulinda isistimu ukuthi icubungule imodeli.
Amanye alawa mathuluzi ahlanganisa amasistimu okulondoloza azenzakalelayo amafomu noma izintandokazi ngokuqondile esipheqululini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, njengoba uhlela izinketho, Idatha igcinwa endaweni ngakho-ke akumele uyiphinde. ngasosonke isikhathi. Kuyisici esiklanyelwe ukonga isikhathi, hhayi okokulondoloza isikhathi eside.
Ngokuvamile kukhona inketho khubaza ukulondoloza ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ususe idatha esivele igciniweIsibonelo, ungasebenzisa ibhokisi lokuhlola elifana nokuthi "Khubaza ukulondoloza ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ususe wonke amafomu alondoloziwe." Lokhu kukunikeza ukulawula okukhulu kulwazi olugcinwe kukhompuyutha yakho uma wabelana ngalo noma usebenza endaweni yomphakathi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, eziningi zalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu zixhaswa ngezinhlelo zokukhangisa noma zokubhalisa, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukubona izikhangiso noma imilayezo ekukhuthaza ukuthi usekele intuthuko. Kwezinye izimo, isibali sikhathi esincane sokubala siyehla siyaboniswa. ngaphambi kokuthi uqhubeke nokusebenzisa ithuluzi, ikakhulukazi uma libandakanya imisebenzi ethuthukisiwe ehlobene ne-CNC noma ukuphrinta kwe-3D.
Ngokwezinga elisebenzayo, lezi zixazululo zamafu sezithakazelise kakhulu izikhungo zemfundo, amabhizinisi, nezikhungo zokunyathelisa lapho kukhona khona. iqoqo elikhulu lamaphrinta nabasebenzisi abaningi abahlukeneUkufaka phakathi ukuguqulwa kwekhodi ye-STL-G kugwema ukufaka nokugcina isisiki kukhompuyutha ngayinye futhi kunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ijika lokufunda.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-STL kuya ku-G-code nge-AI kanye nokwenza kahle kwemikhumbi
Eminyakeni yakamuva, kuye kwavela izinsiza ezikhethekile ezidlula isisiki esilula se-inthanethi. Umqondo wukuthi ungakwazi Layisha amafayela akho e-STL, OBJ noma 3MF futhi uthole ikhodi ye-G elungiselelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. ngama-algorithms ahlakaniphile, aklanyelwe ukukhiqizwa hhayi nje ama-prototypes aphuma kanye.
Lezi zinkundla ngokuvamile ziqondiswe ezindaweni zokunyathelisa zevolumu ephezulu: amanyuvesi, amakolishi, izikhungo zokuqeqesha, izinkampani zobunjiniyela, namapulazi okuphrinta e-3D. Umgomo uwukunciphisa ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla.: ngaphandle kwamamodeli okunqampuna ngesandla, ngaphandle kokufaka noma ukuvuselela izinhlelo kukhompuyutha ngayinye, futhi ngaphandle kokumosha isikhathi ukulungisa amapharamitha afanayo kaningi.
Ngokusebenzelana kwewebhu okulula kakhulu, umsebenzisi ukhetha kuphela imodeli futhi, kwezinye izimo, uhlobo lwempahla noma iphrofayela yephrinta. Uhlelo, luthembele ku-AI namaphrofayili acushwe ngaphambilini, ikhiqiza ikhodi ye-G eguqulelwe kuphrinta ngayinye kulo mkhumbingokuhlonipha imikhawulo ye hardware kanye nekhwalithi yesikhungo noma okuncanyelwayo kwesivinini.
Indlela yalawa mathuluzi ayinqunyelwe "ukuguqula i-STL futhi yikho". Bafuna futhi Lungiselela amapharamitha wokugcwalisa, izisekelo, nezindlela ukuthuthukisa kokubili izinga kanye nezikhathi zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho uphatha imigqa yokuphrinta emikhulu noma lapho izingxenye eziphindaphindayo zidingeka ngemiphumela engaguquki kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngamafuphi, lezi zinhlobo zezixazululo zinikeza uhlobo "lwesendlalelo sezobuhlakani" ngaphezulu kwenqubo yakudala yokubeka, ehlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwekhodi ye-STL-G ukugeleza komsebenzi okubanzi kokuphatha amaphrinta, imigqa, nabasebenzisiokusiza kakhulu impilo yabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe ababhekele ilabhorethri noma indawo yokusebenzela.
Izinto, imibala, nokuthi ifomethi ngayinye iquketheni
Uma sikhuluma ngezinto zokwakha, ukuziphatha kwe-STL ne-G-code kuhluke kakhulu. I-STL, ngendlela yayo evamile, Akazi lutho ngemibala noma izinhlobo zemicuIgridi nje yonxantathu engenayo enye imethadatha ehambisana nokuphrinta okuvamile.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ufuna ukuphrinta ifayela elifanayo le-STL nge-PLA, PETG, noma i-ABS, ifayela eliyimodeli liyohlala lifana ncamashi. Izinga lokushisa liyashintsha, ukuncipha, ifeni, noma ukunamathela Zilawulwa ku-laminator futhi ngokulandelayo ziboniswa kukhodi ekhiqiziwe ye-G, hhayi ku-STL.
Endabeni yekhodi ye-G, futhi ngeke sithole isigaba esithi "material: PLA". Esizokubona imiyalo esetha umlomo wombhobho namazinga okushisa ombhedeUkulungiswa kwesivinini, izinguquko ze-extruder kumaphrinta we-multi-extruder, nemiyalo yokuguqula i-filament emishinini enalowo msebenzi.
Ngakho, imodeli efanayo ingaba namafayela amaningana ekhodi ye-G, elilodwa lempahla ngayinye noma ukucushwa komshini. Ikhodi ye-G ngayinye, empeleni, iyiresiphi ethile ukuphrinta leyo nto ngaphansi kwezimo eziqondile, noma i-geometry yasekuqaleni (i-STL) iyafana.
Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwezibopho kunenzuzo ecacile: Ungagcina umtapo wezincwadi we-STL ohlanzekile futhi osebenzisekayo kumaphrojekthi ahlukene, futhi ukhiqize amakhodi e-G amaningi njengoba uwadinga njengoba ushintsha izinto ezibonakalayo, iphrinta noma izidingo zekhwalithi ngaphandle kokushintsha imodeli yokuqala.
Izici ezingokoqobo: usayizi wefayela nokugcinwa
Usayizi wefayela uyisici kwesinye isikhathi esinganakwa, kodwa sinomthelela ku isitoreji, ukudluliswa kanye nenhlangano. Njengoba sesishilo, i-STL kanambambili, ngokujwayelekile, kuhlangene kakhulu kunokulingana nombhalo wayoKodwa-ke, ngamamodeli anemininingwane eminingi isengahlala ama-megabytes ambalwa.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namafomethi esimanje e-3D, i-STL ayikuthathi kahle kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-vertex futhi ayinakho ukucindezela okujwayelekile, yingakho ukuhlukaniswa kwayo njenge... engasebenzi kahle ezigcawini eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhuluNoma kunjalo, amaphrinta amaningi e-3D asetshenziselwa ukuphatha lawa masayizi ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu.
Amafayela ekhodi ye-G, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ahlanganisa uchungechunge lwemigqa yombhalo enemiyalo nemingcele yezinombolo. Njengoba ukhulisa isixazululo (izendlalelo ezincane) kanye nezinga lemininingwane endleleni, inani lemigqa likhula kakhulu kanye nayo nosayizi wefayela.
Epulazini lokuphrinta noma endaweni lapho kugcinwa khona umlando wokuphrinta, kuvamile ukuqongelela amakhodi amaningi e-G emodeli efanayo, ngalinye linezilungiselelo ezithile. Phatha futhi ulebule ngokufanelekile lawa mafayela Lokhu kunconywa kakhulu ukugwema ukudideka phakathi kwezinguqulo noma ukuthumela ifayela elihloselwe umshini owodwa komunye.
Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukufaka kungobo yomlando kuphela amafayela e-STL (noma amafayela omklamo wangempela) wesikhathi eside kanye khiqiza kabusha ikhodi ye-G lapho kudingekangaphandle kwasezimeni lapho izingcezu zidinga ukucushwa okukhethekile okufanele ukugcinwa kuphelele.
Ekugcineni, ukuqonda ukuthi uhlobo lwefayela ngalunye lugcina ini nokuthi ubukhulu balo buncike kangakanani kukusiza ukuba wenze kanjalo hlela kangcono ukuhamba kwakho komsebenzi kanye nesistimu yefayelaikakhulukazi uma wabelana ngezinsiza nabanye abasebenzisi noma uma uphatha iseva yokuphrinta yawo wonke umnyango.
Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwe-STL ne-G-code, ukwazi ukuguqula usuka kwenye uye kwenye, nokuqonda izinketho zakho kokubili isofthiwe yendabuko nezixazululo zamafu kuzokuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngokuphumelelayo. Sebenzisa kangcono amaphrinta akho e-3D futhi unciphise amaphutha nokuphindaphinda okungadingekile empilweni yakho yansuku zonke, noma ngabe uphrinta ekhaya noma uphatha indawo yobuchwepheshe noma yemfundo.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.