Ungawabelana kanjani ngamafolda phakathi kwesistimu ebonakalayo kanye nomsingathi ku-VMware

Kulezi zinsuku, virtualize izinhlelo ezisebenzayo Sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okokuhlola isofthiwe, ukuhlukanisa izindawo zokusebenza, noma ukuhlola ezinye izinkundla ngaphandle kokufaka isistimu eyinhloko engozini. Futhi ngenkathi i-virtualization yenza izinto zibe lula, umbuzo owodwa uhlala uhlala: Ngiwashintshanisa kanjani amafayela ngokuphumelelayo phakathi kwemishini yami yangempela kanye neyangempela? Uma usebenzisa i-VMware, uhlangabezane nenkinga yakudala yokwabelana ngamafolda nedatha phakathi kwesistimu yokusingatha kanye nemishini eyenziwe nge-virtual.

Kule ndatshana, Ngizokuqondisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo futhi ngokuningiliziwe kuzo zonke izindlela ezingaba khona zokwabelana ngamafolda namafayela phakathi kwesistimu yakho yokusebenza yomsingathi kanye nomshini obonakalayo ku-VMware.. Kusukela ezindleleni eziqondile ezifana namafolda abelwe futhi udlulise nge ibhodi yokunameka, kwezinye izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezifana ssh, SCP, noma isitoreji se-USB ne-NFS. Thola okungcono kakhulu endaweni yakho ebonakalayo ngaphandle kokumosha isikhathi ulokhu uphuthaza noma uxakwe yizilingo ezingasebenzi.

Uhlolojikelele lwefolda nokwabelana kwefayela ku-VMware

I-VMware inikeza amathuluzi amaningana ukuxhumanisa umshini wakho wokusingatha kulowo owenziwe nge-virtual (isivakashi)., okukuvumela ukuthi udlulise amafayela nedatha ngendlela elula noma ethuthukisiwe, kuye ngezidingo zakho. Umsebenzi wenkanyezi walokhu ungomunye we amafolda abelwe, kodwa akuyona ukuphela kwenketho etholakalayo: hudula bese udedela, ibhodi lokunamathisela, isitoreji sangaphandle, ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi kanye imiyalo ezithile nazo ungafinyelela kuzo.

Ngaphambi kokungena ebhizinisini, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa imiqondo ethile:

• Umsingathi: ikhompuyutha yakho ephathekayo, leyo esebenzisa i-VMware.
• Isivakashi: isistimu yokusebenza esebenza ngaphakathi kwe-VM, ihlukaniswe ngokuphelele nomsingathi ngaphandle kwalapho unquma okuhlukile.
• Amathuluzi e-VMware: isethi yezinsiza ezisebenza njengebhuloho phakathi komsingathi nesivakashi, kubalulekile ukuze eminingi yale misebenzi isebenze kahle.

Manje, lungiselela ukuthola Wonke amafomula okwabelana ngamafolda namafayela phakathi kwezinhlelo ezenziwe nge-virtualized nabasingathi ku-VMware. Asishiyi lutho lapha!

Amafolda Abiwe ku-VMware: Qedela Ukucushwa Nokusebenza

Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu, esebenzayo futhi evikelekile yokwabelana ngamafayela phakathi kwe-PC yakho yangempela kanye nomshini we-virtual ngokusebenzisa le Amafolda abelwe i-VMware. Lesi sici sisekelwa kuzo zombili i-VMware Workstation (Pro and Player) kanye ne-Fusion ye-macOS. Inqubo ifana kakhulu kuzo zonke izinguqulo zesimanje.

Into yokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlangana nabanye izimfuneko eziyisisekelo:

• Yiba nenguqulo efakiwe VMware Workstation Pro, Player, noma Fusion.
• Amathuluzi e-VMware kufanele afakwe futhi asebenze ku-VM, njengoba kuyinjini eyenza ukwabelana kube nokwenzeka.
• Umshini obonakalayo kufanele ube imisiwe futhi iyasebenza, okungcono ivalwe ngaphambi kokulungisa izinketho zayo.

Izinyathelo ezinemininingwane zokudala ifolda okwabelwana ngayo:

1. Vula i-VMware Workstation noma i-Fusion bese ukhetha i-VM okukhulunywa ngayo ohlwini.
2. Vala i-VM uma ivuliwe, ukuze izinguquko zisetshenziswe ngendlela efanele.
3. Chofoza imenyu VM > Izilungiselelo (noma okulinganayo enguqulweni yakho).
4. Iya kuthebhu Izinketho bese ukhetha Amafolda abelwane ngawo (Amafolda okwabelwana ngawo).
5. Yenza kusebenze inketho Inikwe amandla njalo (Vula njalo) bese ucindezela Engeza ukwengeza ifolda entsha ofuna ukwabelana ngayo.
6. Khetha ifolda emshinini wakho wokusingatha ofuna ukuyixhumanisa. Ungashintsha igama elizovela ngaphansi kwalo ku-VM uma uthanda.
7. Khetha uma ufuna ukuthi ifolda ibe khona Funda kuphela noma ngemvume yokubhala. Thikha ibhokisi Nika amandla lokhu kwabelana.
8. Qinisekisa nge Qeda bese ulondoloza izinguquko.

Ilungile! Uma uqala i-VM, ifolda yakho izotholakala. Ku Windows uzokubona ku \vmware-host\Amafolda Abiwe\ kusuka kusihloli sefayela. Ku Linux Ivamise ukubonakala igxunyekiwe /mnt/hgfs uma konke kulungiselelwe ngendlela efanele. Uma kungenjalo, ngizochaza kamuva ukuthi ifakwa kanjani ngesandla.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zale ndlela: Awudingi ukuvula izimbobo zenethiwekhi, unokulawula okugcwele kwezimvume, futhi ungakwazi ukwabelana ngamafolda amaningi ngaphandle kokuhlupheka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivinini sokufinyelela ngokuvamile siphezulu.

Ungawafinyelela kanjani futhi uwafake kanjani amafolda abelwe ku-Windows ne-Linux

Empeleni, ukufinyelela amafolda okwabelwana ngawo iyahlukahluka kuye ngesistimu yokusebenza yesivakashi:

Ku-Windows (ngaphakathi kwe-VM):

• Vula I-File Explorer bese uzulazula uye ku Inethiwekhi > I-VMware-host > Amafolda Abiwe.
• Ungakwazi ukumepha ifolda njengedrayivu yenethiwekhi ukuze ufinyelele ngokushesha: chofoza kwesokudla kufolda, khetha "Imephu njengedrayivu yenethiwekhi," bese uyimephu ibe uhlamvu lwamahhala (isb., Z:).
• Kusuka lapha ungakopisha, unamathisele futhi ususe amafayela njengokungathi ifolda yendawo.

Ku-Linux (ngaphakathi kwe-VM):

• Ngokuzenzakalelayo, uma unayo vula-vm-amathuluzi y open-vm-tools-desktop efakiwe, amafolda afakwe kuwo /mnt/hgfs.
• Uma engaveli, faka amaphakheji (ku-Ubuntu/Debian):
  sudo apt install open-vm-tools open-vm-tools-desktop
• Ungahlola ukuthi imaphi amafolda atholakalayo ngomyalo:
  vmware-hgfsclient
• Uma ungawaboni okwamanje, dala uhla lwemibhalo mathupha bese ulufaka kanje:
  sudo mkdir /mnt/hgfs
sudo vmhgfs-fuse .host:/ /mnt/hgfs -o allow_other,uid=1000
• Ukuze uyikhweze ebhuthini, engeza umugqa ohambisanayo ku /etc/fstab:
• .host:/ /mnt/hgfs fuse.vmhgfs-fuse defaults,allow_other,uid=1000,nonempty 0 0

Qaphela izimvume zomsebenzisi! Uma ufuna bonke abasebenzisi babe nokufinyelela, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa amapharamitha alungile kunketho allow_other y uid womyalo wentaba.

Ezinye izindlela zokwabelana ngefayela: ibhodi lokunamathisela, hudula bese udedela, kanye namadivayisi e-USB

Ngaphezu kwamafolda okwabelwana ngawo, I-VMware ikunikeza ezinye izinketho eziwusizo zokudlulisa amafayela ngokushesha.:

Ibhodi lokunamathisela okwabelwana ngalo bese uhudula udedele

cunt Amathuluzi e-VMware afakiwe futhi Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezivakashi kunikwe amandla, ungakopisha futhi unamathisele umbhalo (futhi ngezinye izikhathi wonke amafayela) phakathi komsingathi ne-VM. Ukuze wenze le misebenzi isebenze:

• Uma i-VM icishiwe, iya kokuthi Izinketho > Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezihambeli kuzilungiselelo zakho.
• Khetha amabhokisi athi “Vumela ukuhudula bese udedela” kanye “Vumela ukukopisha nokunamathisela.”
• Londoloza izinguquko zakho, vula i-VM, bese uzama ukukopisha ifayela noma umbhalo—kufanele kusebenze ngazo zombili izindlela.

Umkhawulo obalulekile: Ku-VMware ESXi, ukuhudula bese udedela kusetshenziselwa umbhalo kuphela, hhayi amafayela, futhi ngokuvamile kuyacishwa ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha (udinga ukunika amandla amapharamitha akhethekile kufayela le-.vmx noma kuzilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe ze-VM ku-ESXi).

Ukusebenzisa amadivayisi e-USB nesitoreji sangaphandle

Enye indlela esheshayo yokwabelana ngamafayela ukuxhuma idrayivu ye-USB noma i-hard drive yangaphandle kumsingathi bese uyinikeza i-VM okwesikhashana:

• Faka idivayisi ye-USB kukhompuyutha yakho yokusingatha.
• Vula i-VMware futhi i-VM ivuliwe, iya kumenyu VM > Amadivayisi Akhiphekayo.
• Khetha idivayisi yakho ye-USB bese ucindezela Xhuma (Nqamula kumsingathi). Ngale ndlela i-VM izoba nokufinyelela okukhethekile.
• Uma usuqedile, khumbula ukuyinqamula ku-VM bese uyikhweza kabusha kumsingathi uma uyidinga ngaphandle kwesayithi.

En imishini engokoqobo Linux Ungase udinge ukukhweza idrayivu mathupha ngokusebenzisa imiyalo efanele kuye ngokusabalalisa kwakho.

Le ndlela iphinde isekelwe ku-VMware ESXi (nemikhawulo ethile kumafomethi wefayela kanye abashayeli, futhi kuyanconywa ukusebenzisa izingxenye ze-VFAT/FAT32 ukuze zihambisane kakhulu).

Ezinye izinhlobo zokudlulisa nokwabelana: imiyalo, inethiwekhi kanye nesitoreji esabiwe

Kubasebenzisi abathuthukile noma izidingo ezithile eziqondile, kunezinye izindlela zokwabelana ngamafayela phakathi kwesistimu yokusingatha kanye ne-virtualized.. Nazi ezinye ezinamandla kakhulu:

Imiyalo ye-PowerCLI ne-vmrun

Uma uthanda ukwenza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo noma udinga ukudlulisa amafayela ngobuningi, I-VMware PowerCLI ikunikeza ukufinyelela kumiyalo efana Copy-VMGuestFile:bona indlela yokusebenzisa i-PowerCLI ukukopisha amafayela.

• Gijima Connect-VIServer ukuxhuma kumphathi wakho we-ESXi noma we-vCenter.
• Sebenzisa Copy-VMGuestFile -Source "ruta" -LocalToGuest -VM "nombre" ... ukukopisha amafayela emuva naphambili phakathi komshini wakho wendawo kanye ne-VM.
• Ungasebenzisa futhi Copy-DatastoreItem ukuhambisa amafayela phakathi kwekhompyutha yakho, isitolo sedatha, noma i-VM.

cunt vmrun Ku-Workstation/Fusion ungenza imisebenzi efanayo ukusuka kumugqa womyalo, olungele imibhalo nezinqubo eziphindaphindayo.

Dlulisa amafayela ngenethiwekhi: i-SSH, i-SCP, ne-SMB

Uma i-VM yakho nomsingathi bakunethiwekhi efanayo, ungasebenzisa izimiso ezijwayelekile zenethiwekhi ukuze udlulise amafayela.

• I-SSH/SCP: ilungele i-Linux noma i-ESXi. Nika amandla i-SSH kuzo zombili iziphetho nokusebenzisa scp ukukopisha amafayela ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye. Ngokwesibonelo:
  scp archivo.txt usuario@ip:/ruta/destino/
• I-SMB/CIFS: Nika amandla ifolda eyabelwe ku-Windows futhi uyifinyelele usuka ku-Linux noma ngokuphambene, usebenzisa indawo eyisithombe noma imiyalo.

Ku-ESXi, ungasebenzisa futhi i-WinSCP uma usebenza ku-Windows ukuze uxhume nge-SFTP futhi ukopishe amafayela kuye/kusuka ezitolo zedatha.

Ukwabelana Okuthuthukile: I-NFS kanye Nezitolo Zedatha

Ngokudluliswa njalo noma umthamo omkhulu wedatha, ungasebenzisa i Iseva ye-NFS ku-Linux noma i-NAS, yibeke njengesitolo sedatha ku-ESXi futhi uyisebenzise “njengebhuloho” phakathi kwe-VM nomsingathi:

1. Misa iseva ye-NFS emshinini we-Linux futhi wabelane ngefolda.
2. Kusukela kumphathi we-ESXi, engeza i-NFS njengesitolo sedatha.
3. Kusukela ku-VM (uma kuyi-Linux), khweza isabelo se-NFS njengefolda yendawo futhi ukopishe amafayela kuye/kusuka kulolo hlu lwemibhalo.
4. Kusukela kumsingathi, finyelela ifolda ye-NFS futhi udlulise amafayela lapho uwadinga khona.

Ithiphu: Le nqubo iwusizo ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni ngama-VM amaningi noma ezindaweni zamabhizinisi.

Ukukhweza Mathupha Amafolda Abiwe ku-Linux Lapho Ukukhweza Okuzenzakalelayo Kwehluleka

Kwesinye isikhathi, ikakhulukazi ekusatshalalisweni kweLinux ngezikhwebu zesimanje, Amafolda okwabelwana ngawo e-VMware awafakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, inqubo yezandla ilula:

1. Qiniseka ukuthi vula-vm-amathuluzi y open-vm-tools-desktop zifakiwe.
2. Dala uhla lwemibhalo lokukhweza uma lungekho:
   sudo mkdir -p /mnt/hgfs
3. Faka ifolda nge:
   sudo vmhgfs-fuse .host:/ /mnt/hgfs -o allow_other -o uid=$(id -u)
4. Hlola ukuthi amafolda akho avela nawo ls /mnt/hgfs
5. Uma ufuna ukuthi ikhwele ngokuzenzakalela, hlela /etc/fstab futhi wengeza:
   .host:/ /mnt/hgfs fuse.vmhgfs-fuse defaults,allow_other,uid=1000,nonempty 0 0

Ubuqili: Uma ufuna kuphela ukukhweza ifolda ethile, cacisa igama layo ngemva kwalokho .host:/, isibonelo: .host:/Documentos /mnt/hgfs fuse.vmhgfs-fuse ...

Ukuhambisana nomehluko phakathi kwe-VMware Workstation Player, i-Pro, ne-Fusion

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo ye-VMware onayo, ngoba Akuwona wonke avumela imisebenzi efanayo yokwabelana:

• Isidlali se-VMware Workstation: mahhala ukusetshenziswa okungezona ezohwebo, AYIKUvumeli amafolda abelwe phakathi komsingathi kanye ne-VM. Yebo ungasebenzisa izisetshenziswa ze-USB nenethiwekhi.
• I-VMware Workstation Pro: yokukhokha, isekela amafolda abelwene, hudula bese udedela, ibhodi lokunamathisela, njll.
• I-VMware Fusion: ukuze Mac, izinketho ezifana ne-Workstation Pro.

Uma UnoMdlali futhi udinga ukwabelana okuqondile, cabanga ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela (I-USB, inethiwekhi, isitoreji samafu, njll.).

Izixazululo zamafu nezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu zokwabelana ngamafayela

Uma ungafuni ukwenza izinto zibe nzima noma ufuna ukuguquguquka okukhulu, sebenzisa izinsiza zamafu njenge -Google Shayela, OneDrive, Dropbox inketho evumelekile:

• Faka uhlelo lokusebenza oluhambisanayo kukho kokubili umsingathi kanye ne-VM.
• Lungiselela amafolda ofuna ukuwavumelanisa.
• Amafayela alayishiwe avela ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho uwadinga khona, ngaphandle kokuthinta izilungiselelo ze-VMware.

Okunye okungenzeka okusebenzayo yi- Izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu zohlobo lwe-WeTransfer ngokudluliselwa kwesikhathi esisodwa kwamafayela amakhulu: ulayisha ifayela, uthole isixhumanisi kanye nalo i-ascargas kusuka kolunye uhlelo, kulula futhi kuyashesha.

Izici zokuphepha nezinqubo ezinhle lapho wabelana ngamafayela phakathi kwamasistimu

Vikela idatha yakho lapho usebenzisa amafolda abelwe noma iyiphi indlela yokudlulisa. Amanye amathiphu awusizo:

• Sebenzisa njalo amamodi okufunda kuphela kumafolda abelwe uma ungadingi ukulungisa amafayela ukusuka ku-VM.
• Yenza amakhophi wokulondoloza hlola njalo emishinini yakho ebonakalayo ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ezinkulu.
• Buyekeza izimvume nabasebenzisi abanokufinyelela kumafolda ukuze ugweme izingozi noma ukuvuza kwedatha.
• Gwema ukwabelana ngamafolda azwelayo ngaphandle uma kunesidingo.
• Ezimweni zebhizinisi, landela izinqubomgomo zokuphepha ezinconyiwe futhi ukhawulele ukufinyelela kuzinsiza ezabiwe ngokusekelwe emisebenzini.

Khumbula futhi Khubaza izici zokukopisha/unamathisele noma hudula bese udedela uma i-VM yakho isebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibucayi noma unezinkinga zokuphepha..

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izinsiza ezabiwe ku-Windows: ukuthi ziyini nokuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani ngendlela efanele kunethiwekhi

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.