Namuhla, ukuphazamiseka kwe-inthanethi ehhovisi akuyona nje inkinga yobuchwepheshe; kuyithinta ngqo imali engenayo . Ukuxhumana sekuphenduke umsizi oyinhloko yebhizinisi. Uma inethiwekhi yehluleka, isevisi yamakhasimende iyawa, ukuthengisa kuyama, futhi idumela lenkampani lonakala ngemizuzu embalwa.
Kumabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo (ama-SME) eSpain, ukuphatha ingqalasizinda yawo ye-IT kungaba yindaba ebuhlungu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho isabelomali sincane futhi bengenaye uchwepheshe we-IT wesikhathi esigcwele. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga eziningi azidingi ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu, kodwa kunalokho zidinga ukuxilongwa okunembile nokugcinwa okuhlakaniphile ukuze kuvinjelwe ibhizinisi ukuthi lingaqhubeki nokusimama ngokuphelele.
Ukwehluleka kwenethiwekhi okuvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezincane
Osomabhizinisi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uxhumano lwe-fiber optic olusheshayo luqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, iqiniso liwukuthi i-inthanethi eshesha kakhulu ayisebenzi uma ingqalasizinda yangaphakathi inganele . Elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu ukusebenzisa imishini yasekhaya ezindaweni zobungcweti; ama-router omhlinzeki wesevisi ye-inthanethi (i-ISP) avame ukuba lula futhi asheshe agcwale ngokweqile lapho kuxhunywe amadivayisi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuxhumanisa izintambo ezibonakalayo . Kungase kubonakale kuyinto encane, kodwa amanethiwekhi amaningi abhekana nezinkinga ngezikhathi ezithile ngoba nje ikhebula licindezelwe ngaphansi kwefenisha noma izixhumi zikhululekile futhi azithumeli idatha ngendlela efanele. Ukuxinana erekhini noma ukuntuleka kwamalebula kusho ukuthi uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, uchwepheshe uchitha amahora amaningi efuna ikhebula elifanele, okuholela ekungasebenzini okubizayo.
Izinkinga zokucushwa kanye nokugcwala komkhawulokudonsa
Ezingeni elinengqondo, ukungqubuzana kwekheli le-IP kuvame kakhulu, lapho iseva ye-DHCP inika khona ikheli elifanayo emishinini emibili, okubangela ukuthi omunye wayo ulahlekelwe uxhumano. Ngokufanayo, eminye imithetho ye-firewall inemingcele ngokweqile , futhi ngenkathi ihlose ukuvikela inethiwekhi, igcina ivimbe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke kwenkampani.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona ukuminyana. Akukhona ukuthi kukhona ukuntuleka kokufinyelela ku-inthanethi, ukuthi ithrafikhi ayilawulwa. Uma isisebenzi esisodwa siqala ukulanda amafayela amakhulu noma ukusakaza okuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu kuyilapho abanye bezama ukwenza ikholi yevidiyo neklayenti, inethiwekhi iyawa. Isixazululo lapha akusikho njalo ukuthenga i-bandwidth eyengeziwe, kodwa kunalokho ukusebenzisa i -Quality of Service (QoS) ukuze kubekwe phambili ithrafikhi yebhizinisi kunokuzijabulisa noma izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo.
Ubungozi bokuphepha kanye ne-firewall
Ukuphepha kuyisithende se-Achilles samabhizinisi amaningi amancane naphakathi (ama-SME). Iphutha elibalulekile ukugcina izilungiselelo zasefektri ze-firewall , kushiya amagama abasebenzisi namaphasiwedi azenzakalelayo angatholwa kalula yinoma yimuphi umhlaseli ku-Google. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunganaki izibuyekezo ze-firmware kushiya iminyango ivulekele ubuthakathaka obaziwayo obebungalungiswa yisoftware ebuyekeziwe.
Ukufinyelela kude nakho kuyingozi uma kungaphathwa kahle. Ukuvula amachweba ngokungakhethi noma ukusebenzisa ama-VPN ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kufana nokushiya ukhiye ehhovisi. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa indlela ye -Zero Trust , ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi abagunyaziwe kuphela abanokufinyelela ezinsizeni abazidingayo ngempela.
Inselele yezinkampani ezinezindawo eziningi
Uma inkampani ikhula futhi ivula amahhovisi amaningi noma izikhungo zezokuthutha, izinkinga ziyanda. Izakhiwo ezindala, ezenzelwe indawo eyodwa, azikwazi ukusingatha inani lethrafikhi yesakhiwo esisatshalalisiwe. Lokhu kudala izithiyo kanye nokubambezeleka okuthinta kabi ulwazi lomsebenzisi kanye nokukhiqiza okuphelele.
Ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu, kubalulekile ukuthuthela ezakhiweni zesimanje ezifana ne-SD-WAN, ezivumela ukuphathwa kwethrafikhi okuguquguqukayo, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukusetshenziswa kokwehliswa kwezixhumanisi . Ukuthembela kumhlinzeki we-inthanethi oyedwa kufana nokudlala i-roulette yaseRussia; ukuba nomugqa wokusekelayo (noma ngabe kuyi-4G/5G) kuqinisekisa ukuthi inkampani iyaqhubeka nokusebenza noma ngabe uxhumano oluyinhloko lwe-fiber optic lunqanyuliwe.
Ezinye izinkinga ze-IT ezithinta umkhiqizo
Nakuba ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi iyinto eza kuqala, asikwazi ukungazinaki ezinye izingibe ezivamile emabhizinisini amancane naphakathi. Ukulahleka kwedatha ngenxa yokuntuleka kwama-backup avamile kuyinhlekelele engavinjelwa engonakalisa ibhizinisi. Ngokufanayo, ukusebenzisa ihadiwe noma isofthiwe esidala enekhodi engqubuzanayo kunciphisa ijubane lemishini futhi kukhungathekise abasebenzi.
Ukuntuleka kolwazi ngokuphepha kwe-inthanethi nakho kuvamile . Izisebenzi eziningi zisebenzisa amaphasiwedi abuthakathaka noma zibe yizisulu zokuhlaselwa yi-phishing ngenxa yokuntula ulwazi. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kungenye yezindlela zokutshala imali ezingabizi kakhulu zokuvala izikhala zokuphepha kunoma iyiphi inhlangano.
Izinyathelo zokuxilonga nokuxazulula izinkinga zenethiwekhi
Uma uhlangabezana nokuphazamiseka, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlukanisa inkinga : Ingabe i-inthanethi (uxhumano lwangaphandle) iyahluleka, noma ingabe inethiwekhi yendawo (ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi)? Uma ungaphrinta idokhumenti kuphrinta yenethiwekhi kodwa ungakwazi ukufinyelela i-Google, inkinga ikumhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi. Uma ungakwazi ngisho nokufinyelela kufolda eyabiwe, inkinga ingaphakathi kwehhovisi lakho.
Uma inkinga isitholakele, izingxenye zomzimba kufanele zihlolwe: izintambo kufanele zixhunywe kahle futhi imishini kufanele ibe nomoya omuhle. Ama-router ashisa ngokweqile ayimbangela engabonakali yokuqalisa kabusha njalo. Uma imishini ivalelwe ekhabetheni elingenamoya omuhle, isikhathi sayo sokuphila siyancishiswa kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuyaphazamiseka. Okokugcina, uma inkinga iqhubeka ngemva kokuqala kabusha nokuhlola izintambo, sekuyisikhathi sokubonisana nochwepheshe ukuze ahlolwe inethiwekhi.
Izixazululo ezingabizi kakhulu kanye nokunikeza abanye abantu imisebenzi yangaphandle
Ukuze kugwenywe lezi zinkinga ngaphandle kwezindleko ezikhuphukayo, izinkampani eziningi zikhetha ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zazo ze-IT ngaphandle . Ukuqasha ukwesekwa kwangaphandle kuvame ukushibhile kunokugcina umnyango we-IT wangaphakathi futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zisesikhathini futhi ziqashwe ngendlela efanele.
Ukutshala imali ekuhlinzekweni kwamandla okungenakuphazamiseka (i-UPS) kungenye indlela engabizi kakhulu evimbela ukwanda kwamandla ekulimaleni ihadiwe noma ukucima okuncane ekuphazamiseni imishini yenethiwekhi. Umgomo ukushintsha kusuka endleleni yokusabela (ukulungisa izinto lapho ziphuka) uye ekuphathweni okusebenzayo okulindele ukwehluleka ngaphambi kokuba kuthinte umsebenzisi wokugcina.
Ukugcina inethiwekhi ezinzile kudinga ibhalansi yehadiwe efanele, ukucushwa kokuphepha kwakamuva, kanye nokuqapha njalo ithrafikhi. Kusukela ekuphathweni kwekhebula kuya ekuqalisweni kokusetshenziswa kabusha kanye nokuqeqeshwa kweqembu, ukulungiswa okuncane kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buyimbangela yokukhula, hhayi isithiyo sokusebenza esidala ukulahlekelwa kwezezimali.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.