Umehluko phakathi kwemiyalo ye-curl kanye ne-wget nokuthi uzoyisebenzisa nini ngayinye

Uma usebenza namaseva, ukusingatha, noma ukhululekile ukusebenzisa i-terminal, cishe kuqinisekile ukuthi uke wahlangabezana nalokhu ngesikhathi esithile. Imiyalo ye-curl kanye ne-wget yokulanda noma ukuthumela idathaUma uqala ukubona, bobabili babonakala benza into efanayo, kodwa uma uqala ukuklwebha phezulu, uyaqaphela ukuthi ngamunye udlala kuligi ehlukile nokuthi akuwona umqondo omuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuzisebenzisa njengokungathi ziyashintshana.

Empilweni yansuku zonke, kuvamile ukuthi kuphakame lo mbuzo... Kunini lapho kufaneleka khona ukusebenzisa i-wget, nini lapho kufaneleka khona ukusebenzisa i-curl, futhi kuphi lapho ezinye izindlela ezifana ne-HTTPie noma imitapo yolwazi efana ne-Requests ku-Python ziqala khona ukusebenza?Okwenza izinto zibe nzima nakakhulu, umdali we-curl naye ufake isandla ku-wget, ngakho-ke kuyaqondakala ukuthi kukhona ukudideka. Ake sikuchaze kancane kancane ngezibonelo ezicacile ngesiNgisi esilula ukuze uqonde kahle ukuthi zihluke kanjani nokuthi ithuluzi ngalinye liphumelela ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo.

Umehluko ojwayelekile phakathi kwe-wget ne-curl

Kokubili i-wget ne-curl bayakwazi Yenza izicelo ze-HTTP/HTTPS, landa amafayela, futhi wenze imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo kusuka kulayini womyaloNgamanye amazwi, kokubili "kukhulunywa" namaseva akude futhi kuvumela idatha ukuthi ithuthwe isuka kwenye indawo iye kwenye ngaphandle kwesiphequluli sezithombe. Kodwa ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba esivamile, kunezici ezibalulekile ngokwefilosofi, izinketho, amaphrothokholi asekelwayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuvamile.

Singakusho lokho I-wget igxile ekulandeni okuqukethwe nasekubukeni amawebhusayithingendlela "yokulanda amafayela futhi yilokho kuphela", ngenkathi I-curl yakhelwe njengommese we-Swiss Army wokudlulisa idatha ngezindlela eziningi kanye nezinqubo., ngokulawula okungcono kakhulu kwama-header, izindlela ze-HTTP kanye nokuziphatha kwenethiwekhi.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi, nakuba uvame ukwenza into efanayo ngazo zombili, Okuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi, i-syntax, kanye nokuziphatha okuzenzakalelayo kuyashintsha kakhulu.Izinto ezifana nendlela ezibonisa ngayo okukhiphayo, indlela ezisingatha ngayo ukuqondisa kabusha, noma indlela eziphatha ngayo amakhukhi zilungiselelwa ngendlela ehlukile kusengaphambili, futhi lokho kuyaphawuleka uma uwafaka ezikriphthini noma ezindaweni zokukhiqiza.

Ngamafuphi, ezingeni lomqondo, singaphetha ngokuthi I-wget iyithuluzi eliqondile "lokulanda izinto" kanti i-curl iyithuluzi eliguquguqukayo "lokukhuluma nezinsizakalo nama-API"Nakuba kunjalo kunezindawo ezimpunga lapho kungasetshenziswa khona noma iyiphi yazo.

Inhloso kanye nokuguquguquka kwethuluzi ngalinye

Ukwakheka kwensiza ngayinye kuthinta kakhulu amandla ayo. I-wget yadalwa ngokugxila ekulandeni okuqinile kwamafayela namawebhusayithi wonke.kuyilapho i-curl ihloselwe njengenjini yokudlulisa idatha yenhloso ejwayelekile kuzo zonke izinqubo eziningi.

Endabeni wget, inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukwenza lula ukulanda okuqondile nokuphindaphindayo Iphatha okuqukethwe kwewebhu kanye neziqondisi ze-FTP: amakhasi e-HTML, izithombe, amafayela angaguquki, noma ngisho nesibuko sewebhusayithi esiphelele. Iza nezici eziklanyelwe ngqo le njongo, njengokuphindaphinda, ukulawula ukujula lapho ulandela izixhumanisi, kanye nokuqalisa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo kokulandwa okuphazamisekile.

cunt Okubaluleke kakhulu ku-curl ukunikeza ukulawula okuphelele kokuthi idatha ithunyelwa futhi yamukelwe kanjani.Isekela izindlela eziningi ze-HTTP (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, njll.), izinhlelo eziningi zokuqinisekisa, ukwesekwa okubanzi kwesitifiketi kanye ne-TLS, ukuphathwa kwezihloko ngokwezifiso, kanye nohlu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidlula kakhulu i-HTTP ne-FTP.

Lo mehluko endleleni yokwenza izinto uchaza ukuthi I-wget ivame ukuba lula ukuyisebenzisa emisebenzini "ejwayelekile", kuyilapho i-curl iba ithuluzi lenkanyezi lapho isebenza nama-REST API, izinsizakalo zewebhu eziyinkimbinkimbi, noma amaphrothokholi angavamile.Lapho i-wget ibeka phambili ukulula lapho ulanda, i-curl ibeka phambili ukusebenziseka kalula lapho isebenzisana nezinsizakalo.

I-syntax kanye nokusetshenziswa okuyisisekelo

Omunye umehluko obonakala kusukela kumzuzu wokuqala yi-syntax. I-wget ivame ukuba nomugqa womyalo olula futhi onembile wokulanda okuqondilekuyilapho i-curl inesethi ebanzi futhi ngezinye izikhathi engacacile yezinketho, ngokushintshana nokunikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe.

Ukulanda ifayela elilula nge-HTTP, nge-wget ungasebenzisa into eqondile njenge Nikeza i-URL ngaphandle kokuhlobisa noma amafulegi engeziwe.Umyalo udala ifayela elinegama elikude futhi uphatha ukuqondiswa kabusha okuyisisekelo kalula ngaphandle kokuthi ucabange kakhulu ngemininingwane.

Ngokugoba, esimweni esifanayo, Udinga okungenani inketho eyodwa ukukhombisa ukuthi ufuna ukulondoloza ifayela elinegama lalo lokuqalaIthuluzi, ngokuzenzakalelayo, lilahla impendulo ku-standard output (i-console), efanelekile ukuhlola izimpendulo ze-HTTP noma ukulungisa amaphutha, kodwa hhayi kakhulu uma ufuna ukulanda okuthile kudiski.

Lokhu kuholela ku- Ngemisebenzi ethi "landa leli fayela bese kuyikho konke", i-wget ivame ukunikeza ulwazi oluqondile.Nakuba i-curl idinga ukuthi ucacise inhloso yakho ngokunembile, ukuhwebelana ukuthi lokhu kuziphatha okufanayo kokubonisa isikrini kwenza i-curl ibe lula kakhulu ukubona umphumela ongavuthiwe weseva (ikhodi ye-HTML, i-JSON, ama-header, njll.).

Ngakho-ke, ijika lokufunda livame ukuba likhulu kancane uma ligobile, kodwa Labo abavumelanisa umsebenzi wabo nezinketho zabo bagcina bethola ukuguquguquka okukhulu.ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlanganiswa izindlela ezahlukene ze-HTTP, idatha emzimbeni wesicelo, noma izihloko ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.

Izivumelwano ezisekelwayo

Kukhona futhi umehluko ophawulekayo ezingeni lephrothokholi. Zombili izinsiza zikusingatha kahle. I-HTTP, i-HTTPS, kanye ne-FTP, okuyizindlela zakudala zokulanda iwebhuKodwa i-curl ifinyelela kude kakhulu kunalokho.

Nge-wget ungasebenza ngokunethezeka nge amawebhusayithi endabuko kanye namaseva e-FTP, okuhlanganisa nokulandwa okuphindaphindiwe kwezinkomba zonkeLokhu kulungele ukuhlanganisa amakhasi angaguquki, ukulanda amaqoqo amakhulu amafayela, noma ukwenza amakhophi endawo okuqukethwe komphakathi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-curl ihamba njengenhlanzi emanzini ngezindlela eziningi kakhulu: Ngaphezu kwe-HTTP(S) kanye ne-FTP, isekela i-SMB, i-POP3, i-IMAP, i-LDAP, phakathi kwezinye eziningi.Lokhu kuyivumela, isibonelo, ukuthumela nokwamukela ama-imeyili, ukusebenzisana namaseva eziqondisi, noma ukuxhumana nezinsiza ezabiwe ezindaweni ezifana ne-Samba.

Uma umsebenzi wakho ukhawulelwe kakhulu ku- Ukulanda amafayela nge-HTTP/HTTPS kanye ne-FTP ethile; i-wget ihlanganisa cishe zonke izidingo zakho.Kodwa uma ufaka izindawo lapho kuhlanganiswa khona amaphrothokholi e-imeyili, iziqondisi zezinkampani, noma izinhlelo zamafayela enethiwekhi, i-curl iba lula kakhulu.

Lolu hlu lwezinqubo, kanye nokwakhiwa kwalo okusekelwe kulabhulali engasetshenziswa kabusha, kuyenza i-curl isetshenziswa futhi njengesisekelo ezinhlelweni eziningi zehluzo zenkampani yangaphandle namathuluzi, ezithembele ku-libcurl ukuphatha ukudluliswa kwedatha ngaphandle kokusungula kabusha isondo.

Ukusebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokuziphatha okuzenzakalelayo

Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza, womabili amathuluzi ayashesha futhi asebenza kahle, kodwa ngalinye lenzelwe injongo yalo. I-wget ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokulandwa okuqinile nokulula, okunakwa kakhulu ekuqaliseni kabusha nasekuphindeni kabusha.kuyilapho i-curl ikhanya ekuphatheni ukugeleza kwedatha okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuxhumeka okuningi ngasikhathi sinye.

Uma ulanda ifayela elikhulu kusuka kuseva yewebhu, izipesheli ze-wget Imisebenzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokuqalisa kabusha ukulanda okuphazamisekile nokulandela izixhumanisi ngokuphindaphindiweokuyinto ebalulekile uma ukopisha isayithi lonke noma ukhipha konke okuqukethwe esihlahleni sesikhombisi.

i-curl, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyaziswa kakhulu yi- Ikhono layo lokusingatha ukudluliselwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuqinisekisa, ama-proxies, izitifiketi, kanye nama-header athuthukileNgaphezu kwalokho, icwebezelisiwe kakhulu ukuze ihlanganiswe kuma-scripts kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukulawula ngokunembile okwenzekayo esigabeni ngasinye sokuxhumeka.

Ziyahluka futhi endleleni ezisingatha ngayo izinto "ezizenzakalelayo". i-wget ivame ukuba kulula ukuyisebenzisa, enamanani azenzakalelayo afana kakhulu nalokho isiphequluli sewebhu esingakwenza (ukulandelela ukuqondisa kabusha, ukuphathwa kwamakhukhi okuyisisekelo, njll.). i-curl "iluhlaza" ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ilindele ukuthi uyitshele ngqo ukuthi ufuna iziphathe kanjani.

Konke lokhu kusho ukuthi, ngokulandwa ngobuningi noma ukulingisa amawebhusayithi, i-wget imvamisa ingumuntu wokuqala ozongenela ukhethoNgenkathi ezindaweni lapho ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi nezinsizakalo zewebhu nama-API kubaluleke kakhulu, ukugoba kuba ukukhetha kwemvelo.

Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo semiyalo yokulanda

Uma sibheka isakhiwo semiyalo, sizobona ukuthi womabili amathuluzi kulula ukuwasebenzisa. Kuzo zombili izimo, inqubo iqala ngomyalo oyinhloko olandelwa uchungechunge lwezinketho kanye ne-URL noma isisetshenziswa okufanele sicutshungulwe.Kodwa incazelo yalezo zinketho iyahluka.

Ukulanda ifayela kusuka ku-URL ekude, i-wget isebenzisa i-syntax eqondile kakhulu lapho Awudingi ukucacisa igama lokukhipha uma wamukela igama elikudeUmane udlulise i-URL bese ithuluzi lenza okunye, libonise ibha yokuqhubeka futhi lilondoloze ifayela endaweni.

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-curl ikhipha impendulo ngqo kokukhiphayo okujwayelekile, ngakho-ke uma ufuna Ukuze ulondoloze okuqukethwe kufayela, udinga inketho eyengeziwe ekutshela ukuthi usebenzise igama elikude noma igama elenziwe ngokwezifiso.Lokhu kuhambisana nefilosofi yabo yethuluzi lokuhlola isicelo kanye nokulungisa amaphutha, lapho uvame ukufisa ukubona ukuthi iseva ibuyisani ngaphandle kwabalamuli.

Kuzo zombili izimo, ungangeza Izinketho zokulawula izikhathi zokulinda, ukulandela noma ukunganaki ukuqondisa kabusha, ukulungisa izinga lemininingwane kulogi, kanye nezinye izinto eziningi eziguquguqukayoUmehluko ukuthi i-curl ivame ukupakisha okulawula ububanzi bamafulegi, okuholela emiyalweni ephindaphindayo kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo eveza kakhulu.

Iphuzu elibalulekile ukuqonda lokho I-wget ilungiselelwe ukwenza ukulanda okulula kube yinto engenamsebenzi, kuyilapho i-curl ilungiselelwe ukwenza ukusebenzisana nephrothokholi kube lula kakhulu.Ukukhetha okukodwa noma okunye kweskripthi kuzoncika ekutheni unesithakazelo kakhulu ekulula noma ezingeni lokulawula.

Ukuqinisekiswa: okuyisisekelo nokugaywayo

Uma insiza ofuna ukuyifinyelela ingekho emphakathini, udinga ukuqinisekiswa. Kokubili i-wget ne-curl zinikeza lokhu. Ukusekelwa kokuqinisekiswa kwe-HTTP okuyisisekelo nokwe-digest-typeokuphakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu kumasevisi ewebhu kanye nezinsiza ezivikelwe.

Ku-wget, indlela yakudala yokuqinisekisa iwukuthi nikeza igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi usebenzisa izinketho zomugqa womyalo ezinikezelweLezi ziqinisekiso zithunyelwa kuseva uma ukuvikelwa kudinga lokho, kulandela ukugeleza okujwayelekile kwamakhodi wesimo se-HTTP ukuze kuqinisekiswe.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-curl ihlanganisa lezi ziqinisekiso ndawonye inketho eyodwa ethola i-username:password pairNgale ndlela ehlanganisiwe yokucacisa idatha yokufinyelela, ungahlanganisa nezinye izinhlaka zokuphepha noma izindlela ezengeziwe zokuqinisekisa ngaphandle kokwenza i-syntax ibe nzima kakhulu.

Esimweni esithile sokuqinisekiswa kwe-digest, i-wget iyakwazi futhi ukuyiphatha isebenzisa izinketho ezifanayo zomsebenzisi nephasiwedi. ukwengeza ifulegi elikhethekile ukukhombisa ukuthi kufanele lithumele iziqinisekiso ngaphandle kokulinda inselelo yokuqala yeseva.Kuyindlela yokubikezela nokwenza lula inqubo ezimweni ezithile.

i-curl isekela ukugaya ngokwenza kusebenze inketho ethile ekutshela ukuthi usebenzise lolu hlelo lokuqinisekisaFuthi, lokhu kuhambisana nenketho yegama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi. Lokhu kuyasiza uma usebenza nezinsizakalo ezidinga ukucutshungulwa ngokusobala futhi udinga ukulungisa isicelo ngokusobala.

Ukusebenzisa ama-proxies nge-curl kanye ne-wget

Ezindaweni eziningi zezinkampani noma kumanethiwekhi anqunyelwe kuyimpoqo ithrafikhi yesiteshi nge-proxy ye-HTTP noma ye-SOCKSKokubili i-wget ne-curl kukuvumela ukuthi uchaze la ma-proxies ukuze zonke izicelo zidlule endleleni efanele.

I-wget inikeza ithuba lokuthi cacisa ummeleli ngqo njengepharamitha yomyalo noma udlulisele ukucushwa eziguquguquki zemvelo ejwayelekile, njenge-http_proxy variable. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa ezinhlelweni lapho usuvele unazo lezo ziguquguquko ezichazwe emhlabeni jikelele.

i-curl ikuvumela futhi ukuthi ucacise ummeleli kulayini womyalo, okubonisa i-URL ephelele yeseva ephakathiUma uthanda, ungayihlanganisa nezinye izilungiselelo zohlobo lokuqinisekisa kanye ne-proxy, okuhlanganisa nokusekelwa kwama-proxies e-SOCKS, okuwusizo kakhulu uma ufuna ukuxhumanisa i-curl namanethiwekhi afana ne-Tor.

Ikhono lokusebenza nama-proxies liyisihluthulelo uma udinga lawula ithrafikhi ephumayo ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, ukuhlolwa, noma ukusebenzaKuleyo ndawo, womabili amathuluzi asebenza njengoba kulindelekile, ngenzuzo yokuthi i-curl ivame ukuhlinzeka ngohlu olucebile lwezinhlobo ze-proxy kanye nezinketho zokuqinisekisa.

Kunoma ikuphi, uma usebenza ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yenkampani, kuwumqondo omuhle lokho Sebenzisa lezi zinketho esikhundleni sokuzama ukugwema i-proxy., njengoba ngokuvamile zixhunyaniswa nezinqubomgomo zokuphepha kanye nokurekhoda imisebenzi.

Ukuphathwa kwamakhukhi

Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zewebhu zesimanje zithembele kumakhukhi ukuze gcina amaseshini, khumbula izimo, noma usebenzise ukuqinisekiswa okuqhubekayoUma ufuna ukulingisa ukuziphatha kwesiphequluli lapho usebenzisana nalezi zinsizakalo ezivela ku-terminal, udinga ithuluzi ukuze uqonde futhi usebenzise leyo datha.

I-wget ikuvumela ukuthi ulayishe futhi ulondoloze amakhukhi kusuka kumafayela wombhalo, kusetshenziswa izinketho ezithile ukukhombisa ifayela okufanele ulifunde kanye nelo okufanele ubhale kulo amakhukhi amasha atholiweLokhu kuwusizo kakhulu uma wenza izinqubo zokungena ngemvume zibe ngokuzenzakalela noma udinga ukugcina iseshini phakathi kokwenziwa okuhlukile.

i-curl ixazulula inkinga efanayo isebenzisa izinketho ezithi Banikeza ifayela lekhukhi elingenayo kanye nefayela lekhukhi eliphumayo.Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uphinde usebenzise ulwazi oluvela kumaseshini adlule futhi uqoqe izinguquko zamakhukhi kumafayela amasha. Lokhu kusebenza kahle ngemisebenzi lapho uqala khona ukwenza ubuqiniso obubodwa bese wenza izicelo eziningi eziqinisekisiwe.

Ngenxa yaleli khono, ngamathuluzi womabili ungakwazi Ukuphinda indlela isiphequluli esiziphatha ngayo mayelana nokuphathwa kwamakhukhi kubalulekile kumaskripthi asebenzisana namaphaneli ewebhu, ama-API ancike kwiseshini, noma izinsizakalo ezidinga ukungena ngemvume kwangaphambilini.Kumaphrojekthi amakhulu, uzogcina usebenzisa lawa mafayela ekhukhi njengengxenye yesu lakho lokuzenzakalela.

Umehluko omkhulu ukhona futhi kwifilosofi: i-wget yenza izinto zibe lula ekulandweni okuningi "okufana nesiphequluli", kuyilapho i-curl Kukunika isikhala sezikripthi eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho amakhukhi eyingxenye eyodwa nje yokugeleza okulawulwa ngokucophelela..

Ama-header e-HTTP enziwe ngokwezifiso

Uma usebenza nama-API noma izinsizakalo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka thumela izihloko ze-HTTP ezengeziwe noma ezenziwe ngokwezifisoIzinhlobo zokuqukethwe, amathokheni okufakazela ubuqiniso, izihlonzi zohlelo lokusebenza, njll. Kokubili i-wget ne-curl zifaka ukusekelwa kwalezi zinhlobo zezilungiselelo.

Ku-wget uxazulula lokhu ngokungeza inketho yokuthi Ikuvumela ukuthi ucacise izihloko ezengeziwe ongazifaka esicelweniNgale ndlela, ungashintsha i-Accept header ukuze ucele i-JSON, uchaze i-User-Agent yangokwezifiso, noma uthumele noma iyiphi enye i-header edingekayo ukuze iseva iphendule njengoba ulindele.

i-curl iphinde isebenzise inketho yokuthi Ingeza izihloko ze-HTTP ezenziwe ngokwezifiso esicelweniLesi sici singesinye sezisetshenziswa kakhulu uma usebenza nama-REST API, njengoba sikuvumela ukuthi usethe, isibonelo, i-Authorization header nge-Bearer token noma ulungise i-Content-Type ukuze ubonise ukuthi uthumela idatha ye-JSON.

Ikhono lokushintsha ama-header ngokuthanda libalulekile ezindaweni lapho Ukuqinisekiswa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amathokheni, lapho kuxoxiswana khona ngefomethi ethile yempendulo noma lapho kudingeka khona ukulingisa ukuziphatha kwamakhasimende athile.Kuleyo ndawo, i-curl ivame ukuba sesikhundleni esiphakathi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo okuvamile nama-API.

Noma kunjalo, i-wget ingadlala leyo ndima uma udinga kuphela inqwaba yama-header enziwe ngokwezifiso ukulanda izinsiza kusuka kusevisi edinga amapharamitha athilengaphandle kokungena ekuxhumaneni okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokweqile.

Zama futhi futhi ulungise izilungiselelo zokubekezelela amaphutha

Amanethiwekhi awaphelele: ukucima, ukucima kwesikhashana, kanye namaseva agcwele ngokweqile kuyinto evamile. Yingakho kokubili i-curl kanye ne-wget zifaka phakathi zama kabusha izindlela zokuqala kabusha ukulanda uma kukhona okwehlulekayookuwusizo kakhulu ekuzenzekeleni okungenamuntu.

I-wget ikuvumela ukuthi ucacise ukuthi ufuna ithuluzi lisebenze kangaki. Zama ukulanda futhi uma kwehluleka.Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uyitshele ukuthi iphindaphinde izikhathi ezithile ngaphambi kokuba iyeke, okuyinto ebalulekile lapho uhambisa amafayela amakhulu kumanethiwekhi angazinzile.

i-curl, okwamanje, ifaka izinketho zokusetha inani eliphezulu lokuzama kabusha kanye nokuchaza isikhathi sokulinda phakathi kwemizamoLokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulungise ukuziphatha ukuze ugweme ukulayisha ngokweqile iseva noma inethiwekhi yakho, usabalalise imizamo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngendlela elawulwayo.

Zombili lezi zindlela zivumela ukubhekana nezimo lapho Ukwehluleka kokuxhumeka okukodwa akufanele kwehlise inqubo ezenzakalelayo yonkeLokhu kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuthi ukulanda noma ukudlulisa kuzoqedwa ngisho noma kukhona ukuphazamiseka okuncane kwenethiwekhi.

Kungumkhuba omuhle, noma kunjalo. hlanganisa ukuzama kabusha nokuhlola ikhodi yokuphuma kanye nokungena ngemvume okuningiliziweukuze uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngempela, ukwazi ukubona lapho kuhlulekile khona futhi ungaphindi imisebenzi engapheli ebangele iphutha.

Izinzuzo ezisebenzayo ze-wget phezu kwe-curl

Uma sibheka konke okungenhla ngendlela efanele, singabona ngokucacile ukuthi yiziphi izimo i-wget ihlukile ku-curl ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonkeOkokuqala kulula: uma ufuna ukulanda okuthile ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa amafulegi, i-wget imvamisa iyindlela efanelekile.

Njengoba uhlelo oluzimele, i-wget ayixhomekile emitatsheni yangaphandle ukuze yenze umsebenzi wayo obalulekileLokhu kuyenza itholakale kalula ezinhlelweni nasezindaweni eziningi ezincane. Ifika isilungele ukusetshenziswa ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulungiswa okwengeziwe okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Enye inzuzo enkulu yikhono layo loku Ukulanda okuphindaphindiwe, kokubili amawebhusayithi kanye nezinhlu ze-FTP ezipheleleNgezinketho ezimbalwa ungakha isibuko sendawo sekhasi, okuhlanganisa nezinsiza zalo ezimile, noma ulande lonke isakhiwo seseva ye-FTP ngomyalo owodwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okunikezwayo kwe-wget amanani azenzakalelayo anengqondo alingisa ukuziphatha kwesiphequluli esivamileIphatha ukuqondisa kabusha, amakhukhi ayisisekelo, neminye imininingwane ngaphandle kokuthi ucacise konke ngesandla. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo womsebenzi uma ufuna nje "usebenze."

Ngakho-ke, uma into ebalulekile ukuba nethuluzi eliqinile elisebenza kahle kusukela ekuqaleni futhi eligxile ekulandweni okuqondile, I-wget ifanelana kahle nezikripthi eziningi ezilula, ama-backups, noma imisebenzi ehleliwe lapho ungadingi ukudlala ngamaphrothokholi amaningi noma izindlela zokuqinisekisa ezithuthukisiwe.

Izinzuzo ezisebenzayo ze-curl phezu kwe-wget

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-curl isebenza endaweni ehlukile kancane. Amandla ayo ayinhloko ukuguquguquka okukhulu lapho kudluliswa idatha iye futhi isuka kumasevakusetshenziswa izinhlobo eziningi zezinqubo zokuqinisekisa kanye nezinhlelo.

Ngoba inikwe amandla yilabhulali ye-libcurl, Awukwazi nje kuphela ukuyisebenzisa njengomyalo, kodwa futhi ingafakwa ngqo ezinhlelweni zakho zokusebenza.Kuvamile ukuthola izinhlelo zezithombe ezinikeza yonke i-logic yenethiwekhi ku-libcurl, ngaleyo ndlela zisebenzisa ukusekelwa kwayo kwamaphrothokholi amaningi kanye nokuqina kwayo okuqinisekisiwe.

Ngokuphathelene nokuxhumana, ukugoqa Isekela cishe zonke izinqubo ezivamile ezindaweni zanamuhla ngisho nakwezinye ezingavamile.I-HTTP, i-HTTPS, i-FTP (layisha futhi ulande), i-LDAP, i-SMB/Samba, amaphrothokholi e-imeyili afana ne-POP3 kanye ne-IMAP, nokunye okuningi. Lokhu kuyenza ibe ithuluzi eliyinhloko labaphathi nabathuthukisi.

Emkhakheni wezokuphepha, i-curl ivelele Ukusekelwa kwayo okubanzi kwemitapo yolwazi ye-SSL/TLS kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwayo okuhle nama-proxies, kufaka phakathi ama-proxies e-SOCKS.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungayisebenzisa, isibonelo, kumanethiwekhi afana ne-Tor, uhlanganisa ubumfihlo kanye nokulawula kahle izicelo ozithumelayo.

Iphinde inikeze ukuhambisana ne ukucindezelwa kwe-gzip nezinye izindlela ezenza kube lula ukuthumela idatha eningiLokhu kubalulekile uma usebenzisana nama-API abuyisa izimpendulo ezinkulu noma uma ufuna ukuthuthukisa i-bandwidth.

Ngakho-ke, uma umgomo wakho udlula ukulanda amafayela futhi udinga ukubhekana nama-API, izinsizakalo zewebhu eziyinkimbinkimbi, amaphrothokholi amaningi, kanye nezilawuli zokuphepha eziphezuluI-curl ivame ukuba ukukhetha kokuqala futhi, empeleni, ingabonakala cishe njengesiphequluli somugqa womyalo esingenaso isikhombikubona sesithombe, esilungele ukukhuluma cishe nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesevisi ku-inthanethi.

i-curl kanye ne-wget ngokumelene ne-HTTPie kanye nezicelo ku-Python

Kuze kube manje siqhathanise i-wget ne-curl kuphela, kodwa emisebenzini eminingi yokusebenza amanye amathuluzi ayasebenza njenge I-HTTPie noma imitapo yolwazi efana nezicelo ku-PythonKubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ihlangana kanjani ukuze kungaphindi imizamo noma kube nzima ukuphila ngokungadingekile.

I-HTTPie ivame ukuchazwa ngokuthi "i-curl ene-interface elula ukuyisebenzisa", eyenzelwe abantu hhayi izikripthiIthembele kulabhulali ye-Python's Requests ukwenza izicelo, kodwa ingeza i-syntax efundeka kalula kanye nemiphumela enemibala nehlelekile eyenza kube lula kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwezimpendulo ze-JSON noma ze-XML ku-terminal.

Izicelo, ngokwazo, Umtapo wolwazi wezinga eliphezulu we-Python owenza kube lula kakhulu ukusebenza ne-HTTP (Uma udinga ukuqala, ungakwenza) Faka i-Python ku-Windows, Linux, kanye ne-macOSIlungele ukubhala izikripthi noma izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho udinga ukwenza izicelo zewebhu ngokuhlelekile, ukuphatha amakhukhi, amaseshini, ukuqinisekiswa, neminye imininingwane ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinto ezisezingeni eliphansi.

Umbuzo onengqondo uthi kufanele usebenzise nini i-curl noma i-wget esikhundleni se-Requests. Ngokuvamile, Uma usuvele ungaphakathi kweskripthi se-Python, i-Requests iyisinqumo semvelo.ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine ukugeleza konke ngaphakathi kolimi ngokwalo ngaphandle kokuthembela kumathuluzi esistimu angaphandle.

i-curl kanye ne-wget kunengqondo kakhulu uma udinga sebenza ngqo kusuka kukhonsoli, uhlanganise nezikripthi zeBash, noma wenze imisebenzi yesistimu ngokuzenzakalelayo engabandakanyi i-PythonKulezo zimo, zizoqhubeka nokuba ngamathuluzi ezinkanyezi, kuyilapho i-Requests igcinelwe ikhodi ye-Python ehlelekile kakhulu.

Ngokuphathelene ne-HTTPie, Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko ukuhlinzeka ngendlela elula kakhulu nefundekayo yokuhlola nokulungisa ama-API kusuka ku-terminalUma usuvele usebenzisa i-Requests kuma-script akho, awudingi i-HTTPie, kodwa ingaba usizo kakhulu njengethuluzi elisebenzisanayo elisebenza kanye kuphela ukuze ubone ukuthi i-endpoint ibuya nini noma ukuhlola i-API ngesandla ngaphambi kokubhala noma yini ikhodi.

Uma okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe kungukuguquguquka okuphezulu kanye nesivinini, ukugoba kuseyindlela okufanele uyenze. ngokushesha futhi ngezinketho eziningi ezisezingeni eliphansi kune-HTTPieKodwa-ke, i-HTTPie inikeza ulwazi lomsebenzisi olumnandi kakhulu lokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke okusebenzisanayo, ngezindleko zokuba nzima kancane futhi kungabi nzima kakhulu.

Ekugcineni, akusikho kakhulu ukukhetha okukodwa noma okunye kuphela, kodwa Sebenzisa ithuluzi ngalinye lapho liqondakala khona kakhulu: i-wget kanye ne-curl yezikripthi zesistimu, Izicelo zekhodi ye-Python, kanye ne-HTTPie njengomngane ofanele wokuhlola izinto "ngesandla"..

Uma ubheka isithombe sonke, kuba sobala ukuthi kungani kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinsiza ezibonakala zifana: I-wget ingumngane wakho uma ufuna ukulanda okuqukethwe ngokuqinile, i-curl iba ikhadi lakho lokukhuluma cishe nanoma iyiphi insizakalo noma iphrothokholi, futhi amathuluzi afana ne-HTTPie noma Izicelo enza impilo ibe lula lapho kuhlolwa futhi kuhlelwe ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi.Uma usuzijwayeze lezi zindima, ukunquma ukuthi uzosebenzisa ini nganoma yisiphi isikhathi akube kusabangela izinkinga futhi cishe kuba yinto ezenzakalelayo.