- I-AccessChk ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ngokunembile izimvume zomsebenzisi neqembu kumafayela, amafolda, izinsiza nokhiye bokubhalisa ku Windows.
- Ithuluzi libalulekile kukho kokubili ukuphathwa kwansuku zonke nokuhlaziywa kwezokuphepha kanye nokwenyuka kwamalungelo, ukuhlonza ukucupha okuyingozi nezindlela ezisengozini.
- Ikuvumela ukuthi uhlunge ukufinyelela ngohlobo (funda, bhala, ingqikithi) futhi uthole ama-vector asebenzisekayo njengezindlela ezingacashuniwe, ukudunwa kwe-DLL, noma izinsiza ezingalungiseka.
- Ukuhlanganisa i-AccessChk kuzinqubo eziqinisayo noma imibhalo yangemva kokuxhashazwa kunikeza izinga eliphezulu lokulawula nokubonakala ohlelweni.
Ukuthola nokulawula izimvume ezinhlelweni ze-Windows kubalulekile, kokubili kubaphathi abafuna ukuqinisa ukuphepha kanye nochwepheshe be-IT. ukuphepha kwe-cyber ekuzingeleni ukulungiselelwa okubuthakathaka noma izindlela ezingaba khona zokukhushulwa kwamalungelo. AccessChk, ithuluzi eliku-Microsoft's Sysinternals suite, ingenye yezinsiza ezinamandla kakhulu, eziguquguqukayo futhi ezingaphansi kokuhlolwa kokufinyelela ngesikhathi sangempela, ehlunga ubungozi obungaba khona kanye nokuqonda ukuthi ukufinyelela kumiswa kanjani kukhompuyutha ye-Windows, konke kusuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo somugqa womyalo olula. imiyalo.
Kulesi sihloko, sinikeza isingeniso esiphelele sokusebenzisa i-AccessChk, ehlanganisa yonke into kusukela kulokho eyikho nokuthi kungani ihambisana nendlela yokuyifaka, izinketho eziyinhloko zomyalo, nezibonelo ezingokoqobo, ukuhlanganisa imininingwane eyenza umehluko ngempela ekukhiqizeni nasezimeni zokulinda. Uma uzibuza ukuthi ungathola kanjani okuningi ku-AccessChk ukuze uhlole isistimu yakho ye-Windows noma uhlole ukuvikeleka kwendawo, uzothola inhlanganisela ebanzi kakhulu ngeSpanishi lapha.
Iyini i-AccessChk futhi isetshenziselwa ini?
AccessChk Iwusizo olwakhiwe nguMark Russinovich futhi inakekelwa yiMicrosoft ngaphakathi kweqoqo elidumile leSysinternals. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko bonisa izimvume ezisebenzayo zomsebenzisi noma iqembu ezinsizeni ezithile zesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows, njengamafayela, amafolda, okhiye bokubhalisa, izinsizakalo, izinqubo, nezinto zomhlaba. Leli khono libalulekile kukho kokubili abalawuli abafuna ukuvikela amasistimu abo ngokuqondene abacwaningi mabhuku kanye namapentester unentshisekelo yokuthola imifantu noma ukungalungiseki kahle okungase kubangele ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha.
Umsebenzi uqondile: I-AccessChk ihlaziya futhi yethule izimvume zokufinyelela ukuthi i-akhawunti enayo ngaphezu kwento ethile, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlunge ngezinga lokufinyelela (funda, bhala, ugcwele, njll.), uhlonze izinto ezingavikelekile, gqamisa izilungiselelo ezizuzwe njengefa noma ezisobala, futhi uhlole izinsiza nezikhiye zokubhalisa ngokuningiliziwe. Akugcini nje ngokubonisa uhlu; ikuvumela ukuthi uhlunge, wenze imibuzo ngepharamitha, futhi uthole ngokushesha ubuthakathaka obungadinga ukuchofozwa okuningi endaweni yegraphical ye-Windows.
Kungani i-AccessChk ingukhiye ekuphathweni nasekuhlolweni kwe-Windows?
Amasistimu e-Windows, ngokuklama, adlulisela ukulawula kokufinyelela kuzincazelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuphepha kanye nohlu lokulawula ukufinyelela (ama-ACL). Iphutha elilodwa lezimvume lingaholela ekwephuleni umthetho obucayi., okuvumela yonke into kusukela ekubhaleni ama-DLL anonya kuya ezindleleni ezibucayi ukuya ekulawuleni ngokugcwele izinsizakalo. Ngakho-ke, amathuluzi afana ne-AccessChk avumela:
- Thola izimvume ezidlulele noma ezingafanele kumafolda, okusebenzisekayo nokhiye bokubhalisa.
- Hlola ukuthi ubani ongaqala, amise, noma aguqule amasevisi, i-vector ebalulekile ekukhulisweni kwamalungelo.
- Thola izindlela ezisengozini yokudunwa kwe-DLL (Ukudunwa kwe-DLL) kanye namabhanari ezindleleni ezingacashuniwe (Izindlela Zesevisi Engacashuniwe).
- Hlola ukufinyelela komsebenzisi noma kweqembu okungase kube lula ukunyakaza kwe-lateral noma ukuphikelela.
- Lungiselela ukuqina kwesistimu ihlola ukufinyelela okusebenzayo ngokumelene nokucushwa okufunayo.
Ukufakwa nezinyathelo zokuqala nge-AccessChk
AccessChk Ayifakiwe njengohlelo lwendabuko. Ukuba i-executable ephathekayo, udinga kuphela Landa ifayela kusuka kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Sysinternals (I-Microsoft) bese uyikopishela endleleni ku-PATH yakho noma kuhla lwemibhalo lapho uhlela ukusebenza khona. Ihambisana nazo zonke izinguqulo zesimanje ze-Windows futhi ayidingi amalungelo akhethekile ukuze isebenze, nakuba ulwazi olutholakalayo luzohluka kuye ngamalungelo omsebenzisi oluyiphethe.
- Landa: Kusuka endaweni esemthethweni ye-Microsoft Learn/Sysinternals.
Landa i-AccessChk - Ukusetshenziswa okuyisisekelo: Vula iwindi lomyalo bese ugijima accesschk ukubonana nosizo kanye ne-syntax.
- Isincomo: Copia accesschk.exe en
C:\Windowsnoma kufolda yamathuluzi efinyeleleka nge-PATH ukuze kube lula ukucela.
Izinketho ze-AccessChk ne-Advanced Syntax
I-AccessChk ineqoqo lezinketho nemingcele ekuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokwezifiso ukusesha nemibiko ngokugcwele. Izilungisi nemisebenzi yazo ephawuleka kakhulu ichazwe ngezansi:
| Ipharamitha | Descripción |
|---|---|
| -a | Kubonisa ukuthi igama lihambisana ne-akhawunti ye-Windows kwesokudla. "*" ibonisa wonke amalungelo omsebenzisi. |
| -c | Igama isevisi ye-Windows. "*" ukukhombisa konke, "scmanager" yomphathi wesevisi. |
| -d | Ikhawulela imibuzo yokucubungula izinkomba noma okhiye bezinga eliphezulu. |
| -e | Ibonisa kuphela amazinga obuqotho achazwe ngokucacile (i-Windows Vista+). |
| -f | Uma ilandelwa ngu-p, ichaza ithokheni yenqubo (amaqembu namalungelo); ngaphandle kwalokho, ihlunga ama-akhawunti athile kusukela kokuphumayo. |
| -h | Igama liyisisetshenziswa okwabelwana ngaso. "*" ukuze ubhale konke. |
| -i | Yeqa ama-ACE azuzwe njengefa lapho ulahla izinhlu zokuhlola. |
| -k | Igama liwukhiye wokubhalisa (isb. hklm\software). |
| -l | Ibonisa isichazamazwi esigcwele sokuvikela. Sebenzisa nge -i ukweqa ifa. |
| -n | Izinto kuphela ezingenakho ukufinyelela ku-akhawunti eshiwo. |
| -o | Igama liyinto evela endaweni yegama yento yomphathi. Engeza -s ukuze uphindaphinde noma -t ukuze uhlunge ngohlobo. |
| -p | Igama liyinqubo noma i-PID. "*" kwabo bonke. Engeza -f noma -t ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe. |
| -nobanner | Ayibonisi inhlokweni yokuqala noma i-copyright. |
| -r | Hlunga ngezinto ezinokufinyelela kokufunda. |
| -s | Inqamula uhla lwemibhalo ngokuphindaphindiwe. |
| -t | Hlunga ngohlobo lwento. |
| -u | Isusa amaphutha. |
| -v | Okuphumayo okuningiliziwe, okuhlanganisa nezinga lobuqotho. |
| -w | Hlunga ngezinto ezinokufinyelela kokubhala. |
Isici esibalulekile siwukuthi I-AccessChk ihumusha indlela enikeziwe njengendlela yesistimu yefayela ngokuzenzakalelayo., nakuba ungakwazi ukuhlola izinsiza ezabiwe, izinto zomhlaba wonke, izinqubo, nokhiye bokubhalisa usebenzisa amaswishi afanelekile.
Izibonelo ezisebenzayo: indlela yokusebenzisa i-AccessChk empilweni yangempela
AccessChk Ikhanya ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziselwa ukuhlola izimo ezithile. Nazi izifundo ezinemininingwane ezingakusiza ukuthi uthole okuningi kukho:
Hlola izimvume kumafayela namafolda
Ake sithi ufuna ukuhlola amalungelo asebenzayo omsebenzisi kufolda ebalulekile, njenge C:\Windows\System32:
accesschk "Power Users" c:\windows\system32Lo myalo ubonisa izimvume ezisebenzayo amalungu eqembu elithi "Abasebenzisi Bamandla" anazo kumafayela nezinkomba endleleni eshiwo. Iphelele ekuboneni izikhala ezingaba khona uma ama-akhawunti athile anezimvume zokubhala noma ukulawula okugcwele lapho angafanele khona.
Buka izimvume ezinsizeni ze-Windows
Isu elivamile lokukhushulwa kwelungelo ukusebenzisa izinsiza ezingalungiselelwanga kahle noma ezingalungiselelwe kahle. Nge-AccessChk, ungaklelisa zonke izinsiza iqembu elikwazi ukufinyelela kuzo ukubhala usebenzisa umyalo:
accesschk users -cw *Lo myalo uhlunga zonke izinsiza futhi uklelisa lezo ezikwazi ukubhala eqenjini "labasebenzisi". Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ekuhlonzeni ama-vectors ahlaselayo noma ukuqinisa ukulungiselelwa okubalulekile.
Hlola izimvume kurejista
I-Windows Registry iwumthombo ovamile wezinkinga zokuphepha. Ukuze uhlole okhiye be HKLM\Software lapho umsebenzisi othile angakwazi ukufinyelela khona:
accesschk -kns austin\mruss hklm\softwareAmagama ayimfihlo avinjwe i-akhawunti asohlwini, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye kokubili izilungiselelo ezikhawulela ngokweqile nezivumela kakhulu.
Izinga lobuqotho kanye nezinto zomhlaba
Kumasistimu e-Windows Vista nakamuva, amazinga obuqotho asiza ukuhlukanisa izinqubo. Ukuze ubuke wonke amafayela kuhla lwemibhalo enezinga elicacile lobuqotho:
accesschk -e -s c:\users\usuarioUkwengeza, ungahlola zonke izinto zomhlaba wonke abasebenzisi abangazilungisa ngazo:
accesschk -wuo everyone \basednamedobjectsIthola amafayela namafolda anezimvume ezibuthakathaka
Enye yezinsiza ezinamandla ze-AccessChk ukuthola ngobuningi izinkomba noma amafayela afinyeleleka ngokuphephile "Kubasebenzisi" noma "Abasebenzisi Abagunyaziwe":
accesschk.exe -uwdqs Users c:\accesschk.exe -uwqs Users c:\*.*Ngale miyalo, ungathola ngokushesha izindlela ezibucayi ezingase zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi se-pentest noma inqubo yokuqina kwesistimu.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.