Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthuthukisa i-BIOS noma i-UEFI kuma-PC amageyimu: amathiphu namasu athuthukile

Wake wazibuza ukuthi ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ngempela ukusebenza kwe-PC yakho yokudlala kusuka kumpande? Asikhulumi nje ngokufaka ezintsha abashayeli noma ubeke ikhadi lehluzo lakamuva, kodwa ukuze uthole izandla zakho kulowo mhlaba ongaqondakali obizwa I-BIOS noma i-UEFI, ingqophamlando lapho i-hardware ilawulwa ngaphambi kokulayisha iWindows. Ukuthuthukisa i-BIOS yakho noma i-UEFI kungenza umehluko obonakalayo kulwazi lwakho lokudlala., kokubili ku-fluidity nokuzinza, futhi uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ungaqala kuphi, nansi inkomba eningilizayo nesesikhathini samanje ozoyithola.

Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, sizohlukanisa yonke into kusukela emicabangweni eyisisekelo kuye ezincomweni ezithuthukisiwe, okuhlanganisa izinyathelo ezibambekayo nezinketho eziyinhloko zokudlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizokwembula tricks ukufinyelela, ukucushwa okuqondile kwama-NVMe SSD kanye nokuthi ungasetha kanjani kabusha noma ubuyekeze i-firmware yakho uma kukhona okungahambi kahle. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kubuchwepheshe, ngiyakuqinisekisa ukuthi ngalesi sihloko uzocaca mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyithinte, yini okufanele uyigweme nokuthi ungathola kanjani okuningi kumishini yakho..

Ungasho kanjani ukuthi i-PC yakho isebenzisa i-BIOS noma i-UEFI?

Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola izandla zakho ekusetheni ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi isistimu onayo. Uma ikhompuyutha yakho iyintsha kuno-2012 noma ine-Windows 8 noma eyakamuva, cishe kuqinisekile ukuthi une-UEFI., kodwa ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile ungenza okulandelayo:

• Kusuka ku-File Explorer: hamba kufolda Windows, thola ifolda engaphansi Panther bese uvula ifayela Setupact.log. Uma ubona ukuthi indawo etholakele i-UEFI, uqinisekile.
• Kusuka kulwazi Lwesistimu: Qhafaza IWindows + Q (noma sesha kumenyu) bese uthayipha "Ulwazi Lwesistimu" noma qalisa msinfo32 kusuka ku-Windows + R. Bheka umugqa "Imodi ye-BIOS": Uma ithi UEFI, bingo. Uma ithi i-BIOS, kufanele ulungise lokho ongakwenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele yayo.

Ungayifinyelela kanjani i-BIOS noma i-UEFI

Ukufaka i-BIOS noma imenyu yokusetha ye-UEFI kuvame ukuba yisikhathi esicindezela kakhulu kwabangakaziwa ngoba kufanele ucindezele ukhiye ofanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Imvamisa, ngemuva nje kokuqala ikhompuyutha (ngaphambi kokuthi kuvele uphawu lweWindows), kufanele ucindezele omunye walaba khiye: Del, F2, F10, ESC, noma kumakhompyutha anegama inhlanganisela ethile ekhethekile.. Nazi ezinye inhlanganisela evamile ngokusho komkhiqizi:

• ASUS, ASRock, Acer, Gigabyte/Aorus, MSI: F2 noma Susa
• UDell: F2 noma F12
• Lenovo: F2 noma Fn+F2
• I-HP: F10
• Microsoft Surface: Cindezela bese ubamba inkinobho Yevolumu +
• Sony, Samsung, Toshiba: F2 (ngezinye izikhathi F1 noma F3)

Uma uphuthelwa isikhathi futhi ikhompuyutha isivele iyaqala, qala kabusha bese uyazama futhi. Enye inketho kusuka Windows 10/11 i qala kabusha ikhompuyutha yakho ezinkethweni zokuthola kabusha: Iya kokuthi Izilungiselelo > Ukubuyekeza & nokuphepha > Ukubuyisela bese ucindezela okuthi “Qala kabusha manje” ngaphansi kokuthi “Ukuqalisa Okuthuthukile.” Kusuka lapha, khetha Ukuxazulula inkinga > Izinketho ezithuthukisiwe > Izilungiselelo ze-UEFI Firmware.

Ungakwazi futhi ukufinyelela usebenzisa Shift + Setha kabusha kusuka kumenyu yokuvala shaqa noma udale i- isinqamuleli kudeskithophu lokho kufeza Vala /r /fw /t 1 ukuya ngqo ku-UEFI ngokuchofoza okukodwa.

Isakhiwo semenyu enkulu ye-BIOS/UEFI nokuthi yiziphi izinketho ongazithinta zemidlalo

Uma usungenile, uzobona ukuthi imenyu ingahluka kakhulu kuye ngebhodi lomama nomkhiqizi. Emabhodini esimanje uzoba ne-graphical user interface (GUI) lapho ungakwazi ukuhambahamba ngegundane (ASUS, MSI, Gigabyte…), ngenkathi ungaphakathi amalaptop futhi okokusebenza kwe-OEM kuvamise ukuba yimenyu yakudala yesitayela se-MS-DOS elawulwa yikhibhodi kuphela.

Izigaba ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Okuyinhloko: Ulwazi lwemishini ejwayelekile kanye nezilungiselelo zolimi.
• I-Extreme Tweaker noma i-Tweaker: Lapha uphatha yonke into ehlobene ne-CPU ne-RAM (amaphrofayili we-overclocking, i-XMP noma i-DOCP, amaza).
• Ukuphathwa Okuthuthukile/ACPI/Amandla: Izinketho Zamandla, Ukuphathwa Kwe-peripheral, i-APM, i-ACPI.
• Qalisa/Qalisa: I-oda nezinketho ze ibhuthini kohlelo olusebenzayo.
• Qapha: Imininingwane yesikhathi sangempela ngamazinga okushisa, ama-voltage, namafeni.
• Ukuphepha: Igridi yezilungiselelo zokuphepha ezifana namaphasiwedi, TPM kanye ne-Secure Boot.
• Ithuluzi: Amathuluzi akhethekile afana ne-BIOS ekhanyayo ukusuka ku-USB noma inethiwekhi.
• Phuma: Londoloza izinguquko, layisha izilungiselelo zasefekthri, noma uphume ngaphandle kokulondoloza.

Umkhiqizi ngamunye angakwazi ukwengeza amamenyu akhe, kodwa i-logic evamile ihlale ifana.

Izilungiselelo Zegeyimu Ezibalulekile ku-BIOS/UEFI

Manje njengoba usucacile ukuthi yakhiwe futhi yafinyelelwa kanjani, Ake sehlele ebhizinisini ngezilungiselelo ezithinta ngempela ukusebenza kwegeyimu..

1. Inkumbulo ye-RAM: Amaphrofayili e-XMP noma e-DOCP

Amamojula amaningi we-RAM akhona eza nawo Amaphrofayili e-XMP (Intel) noma i-DOCP (AMD) okukuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule ngokuzenzakalelayo imvamisa nokubambezeleka kumanani alungile ukuze ukwandise ukusebenza (esikhundleni sejubane lesisekelo). Nika amandla i-XMP/DOCP kusuka kuthebhu ye-Tweaker noma ye-Extreme Tweaker. Uma kungenjalo, i-RAM izosebenza ngesivinini esijwayelekile (2133/2400 MHz), ngisho noma uthenga amamojula angu-3200 noma angu-3600 MHz.

Okomdlalo, Kuhlale kufanelekile ukwenza lawa maphrofayili, njengoba zithuthukisa kokubili i-FPS nokusabela kwesistimu futhi ziphephile ngo-100% uma usebenzisa inkumbulo ehambisanayo namabhodi omama.

2. I-CPU overclocking nokuphathwa kwemvamisa

Uma iprosesa yakho nebhodi lomama likuvumela, Ungakwazi ukwandisa imvamisa ye-CPU (isiphindaphinda) kusuka ku-BIOS/UEFI. Thola izinketho ku-Extreme Tweaker, Tweaker, noma Ukusethwa kwe-CPU:

• I-AI Overclocker Tuner: Shintshela kokuthi Okuzenzakalelayo uye Kwesandla noma khetha amaphrofayli azenzakalelayo ngokusekelwe kumkhiqizi.
• Isilinganiso se-CPU Core: Lungisa isiphindaphinda ukuze ukhuphule isivinini esiyisisekelo se-CPU.
• I-Core Performance Boost/Turbo Boost: Ikuvumela ukuthi wenze kusebenze i-dynamic frequency boost kumaphrosesa esimanje.
• I-Vcore nama-voltage: Ngokucophelela, ungalungisa ama-voltages ukuze uzinze i-overclock. Uma ungenalo ulwazi, kungcono ukushiye ku-Auto.

Okubalulekile: I-overclocking engalungile ingabangela ukungazinzi, ukuqalisa kabusha, noma ukulimala uma weqa ama-voltage/ amazinga okushisa. Qiniseka ukuthi uqapha amazinga okushisa futhi ungaphushi kakhulu.

3. I-Boot Priority kanye ne-Mode: I-Boot Mode, i-CSM, i-UEFI vs Legacy

Esigabeni se-Boot kubalulekile ukubeka i- I-SSD eyisisekelo njengenketho yokuqala yokuqalisa ukusheshisa ukuqala. Ngaphandle kwalokho:

• I-CSM (Imojuli Yokusekela Ukuhambisana): Uma usebenzisa i-OS yesimanje kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zakamuva, ziyeke UEFI, hhayi Ifa. Sebenzisa i-CSM/Legacy kuphela uma udinga ukuqalisa amasistimu amadala.
• SecureBoot: Iwusizo ukuvikela ibhuthi ngokumelene I-malware, nakuba kunezinye izinhlelo (Linux, imidlalo ene-anticheat) ingadala izinkinga. Yenze isebenze noma yenze ingasebenzi ngokwezidingo.
• I-Fast Boot: Nika amandla ukuqalisa okusheshayo uma ufuna isivinini esikhulu uma uvula i-PC yakho.

4. Izilungiselelo zamandla ezithuthukisiwe nokuphathwa kwe-peripheral

Ngaphakathi Ukuphathwa Okuthuthukile/Amandla ungakwazi nokwandisa i- ukuphathwa kwamandla kanye nama-peripherals. Ezinye izinketho ezithakazelisayo:

• I-ErP/EuP Ready: Uma uyinika amandla, i-PC yakho izodla amandla amancane uma icishiwe, kodwa ngeke ishaje lutho nge-USB uma ivaliwe, futhi ngeke ivuke negundane/ikhibhodi. Ishiye ikhutshaziwe kumakhompuyutha amageyimu.
• Amandla nge-PCIe: Ikuvumela ukuthi uvule ikhompuyutha ukude (iwusizo uma usebenzisa i-Wake-on-LAN).
• I-SMT/HyperThreading: Kungcono ukuyigcina isebenza ngokudlala, ngaphandle kwalapho kunokungqubuzana okuthile nesihloko.
• Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kanye nabalandeli: Hlola ukuthi wonke amazinga okushisa angaphakathi kwebanga (ngaphansi kuka-80ºC ku-CPU/GPU ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu). Hlola ama-revolutions nama-voltage ukuze ugweme izinkinga.

5. Ukumiswa kwediski okuhlala isikhathi eside: i-AHCI, i-NVMe ne-M.2 SSD

Uma une-M.2 NVMe SSD, hamba kuzilungiselelo zesitoreji futhi uqiniseke ukuthi:

• Imodi yembobo iku-AHCI (hhayi i-IDE noma i-RAID, ngaphandle uma usetha i-RAID).
• Imbobo ye-M.2 ilungiselelwe kumodi ye-PCIe x4 ukuqinisekisa umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kakhulu (ojwayelekile ku-ASUS ROG namabhodi afanayo).
• Umshayeli we-NVMe unikwe amandla uma i-BIOS yakho ikunikeza leyo nketho (I-AMI Native NVMe Driver Support: Inikwe amandla).

Kumabhodi womama we-ASUS, sesha ngokuqondile M.2 Ukucushwa noma Ukucushwa Kwesitoreji ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-NVMe SSD isebenza kahle kakhulu.

Izinketho Zokuvikela: Ukuvula Okuvikelekile, Amaphasiwedi, kanye ne-TPM

Abadlali bamageyimu abaphili ngokudlala kuphela, kubalulekile futhi gcina uhlelo luvikelekile. I-BIOS/UEFI ikuvumela ukuthi usethe:

• SecureBoot: Ivikela uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ekuqaleni, kodwa njengoba sishilo, ingakhubaza ezinye izinhlelo. Yenze isebenze uma uzosebenzisa iWindows kuphela.
• Iphasiwedi yomlawuli: Ivimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumenyu ye-BIOS/UEFI.
• I-TPM (I-Trusted Platform Module): Iyadingeka ezicini ezithuthukisiwe zokubethela (njenge-BitLocker) kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha. Windows 11. Yenze isebenze uma ibhodi lakho lomama liyisekela.

Ku-Lenovo, MSI, ASUS, nezinye izinhlobo zamakhompyutha, lezi zinketho zivame ukutholakala kumenyu Yokuphepha noma kumathebhu Okuthuthukile.

Indlela yokusetha kabusha nokubuyisela i-BIOS noma i-UEFI uma kukhona okungahambi kahle

Kungenzeka ukuthi ushintshe ipharamitha ethile futhi ikhompyutha yakho ingaqali kahle. Ukuxazulula lokhu, kunezinketho ezimbalwa zokusetha kabusha izilungiselelo kumanani azenzakalelayo, uqinisekise ukuthi i-PC iqala futhi:

• Inkinobho yokusetha kabusha okungokoqobo: Amabhodi amaningi anenkinobho ezinikele ngemuva noma ngaphakathi kwekesi ehlela kabusha zonke izilungiselelo kuzilungiselelo zasefekthri. Hlala ubheka imanyuwali.
• I-Jumper ebhodini lomama: Vula ikesi, thola i-jumper eduze nebhethri ye-CMOS, uyinyakazise imizuzwana embalwa, bese uyishintsha ukuze usethe kabusha i-BIOS. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, ungavakashela Lo mhlahlandlela wezinkinga zamafayela angekho.
• Khipha ibhethri le-CMOS: Vala futhi ukhiphe, khipha ibhethri eliyindilinga imizuzwana engu-15, bese ulifaka kabusha. Lokhu kuzosula zonke izilungiselelo zangokwezifiso.

Uma kwenzeka kuba noshintsho olukhulu, thatha isithombe noma bhala phansi izilungiselelo zangempela ukuze ikwazi ukubuyiselwa uma kunesidingo.

Nini futhi kanjani ukuvuselela i-BIOS noma i-UEFI?

Ukubuyekeza i-firmware kungalungisa iziphazamisi, kuthuthukise ukuhambisana, noma kukhuphule ukusebenza. Nokho, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma kunesidingo sangempela, njengoba ukwehluleka kungase kwenze okokusebenza kwakho kungasebenzi. Izinyathelo eziyisisekelo yilezi:

• Landa inguqulo yakamuva ye-firmware kusuka kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomkhiqizi webhodi lakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha elungile.
• Kopisha ifayela ku-USB efomethiwe FAT32.
• Faka i-BIOS/UEFI futhi usebenzise insiza ekhanyayo eqondene nomkhiqizi (efana ne-ASUS EZ Flash, M-Flash, Q-Flash, njll.).
• Landela imiyalelo ngokucophelela futhi ungalokothi uvale okokusebenza ngesikhathi senqubo.

Izilungiselelo ezilungile zehadiwe ku-BIOS/UEFI yokudlala

Ukuze wandise ukusebenza, ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa i-BIOS/UEFI yakho, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye isebenza ngomthamo wayo ophakeme. Ukusuka kuphrosesa, ikhadi lezithombe, inkumbulo, ukuya kumadiski nokupholisa, konke okuzothonya umuzwa wegeyimu.

• Iprosesa: Khetha amamodeli esizukulwane sakamuva, uvule i-Turbo Boost, futhi ulungise ama-cores noma imicu njengoba kudingeka.
• Ikhadi lemifanekiso: Faka abashayeli bakamuva futhi uwabeke ekusebenzeni okuphezulu ku-BIOS noma usebenzisa isoftware yomkhiqizi.
• I-RAM: Sebenzisa okungenani i-16GB, okungcono i-32GB uma ufuna ukwenza izinto eziningi noma Ukusakaza. Inika amandla amaphrofayili e-XMP/DOCP.
• I-NVMe-SSD: Setha kumodi ye-PCIe x4 futhi unike amandla umshayeli womdabu uma etholakala.
• Isiqandisi: Qiniseka ukuthi unesistimu efanelekile yokugwema izinga lokushisa elidlulele, ikakhulukazi uma weqa.

Kumabhodi omama asezingeni eliphezulu, sebenzisa amathuluzi athuthukile ukuze ugade izinzwa, uphathe i-RGB, noma ulungise abalandeli ku-BIOS/UEFI.

Izithuthukisi ezithuthukisiwe zama-NVMe SSD

Ukuze ugweme amabhodlela kumadrayivu e-NVMe:

• Setha i-M.2 slot kumodi ye-PCIe x4 ukuthola umkhawulokudonsa omkhulu.
• Nika amandla umshayeli womdabu we-NVMe uma inketho itholakala.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi idiski ivela ohlwini lwamadivayisi atholiwe, futhi ubuyekeze i-BIOS uma kudingeka.

I-SSD eshunwe kahle inciphisa kakhulu izikhathi zokulayisha futhi ithuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi. Futhi, uma ufuna ukujula endleleni yokwandisa ukusetha kwakho, hlola Uwazi kanjani imvamisa ye-CPU yakho.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ukuthengiswa kwe-PC yomhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule ngo-6,7% ngo-2025, kuqhutshwa ukuthuthukiswa nokushintshwa kwe-supply chain

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.