Izibuko ziyithinta kanjani isignali ye-WiFi: izimbangela, izinkinga nezisombululo

Namuhla sincike ku-inthanethi cishe ngayo yonke into: ukusebenza ngocingo, amakilasi aku-inthanethi, amakholi wevidiyo nokungcebeleka. Ukusakaza. Yingakho ukucisha kwe-WiFi nesivinini esinensayo kuphazamisa kakhulu.Ikakhulukazi uma ukhokhela ukuxhumeka okusheshayo futhi usahlangabezana nokunensa noma izindawo zendlu lapho isignali ibuthakathaka. Ngezinye izikhathi sibheka umhlinzeki, kodwa ngokuvamile inkinga isuka ekhaya.

Ukubekwa kwe-router kanye nezinto ezizungezile kubalulekile. Umsolwa ovamile ovame ukunganakwa yisibuko.Ubukhona bazo bungaphambukisa, buvimbe, noma benze buthaka amaza omsakazo we-Wi-Fi futhi budale ukuphazamiseka okwehlisa ububanzi nokuzinza. Uma ubona ukwehla kwesivinini, ukunqanyulwa okungahleliwe, noma amadivayisi angakwazi ukuxhuma, kufanelekile ukuhlola ukuthi yini eseduze nendawo yokufinyelela.

Kungani izibuko zithinta i-WiFi

Isibuko akuyona nje ingilazi. Uhlangothi lwayo olungemuva lunongqimba lwensimbi olukhanyayo oluncane kakhulu (i-aluminium, isiliva, noma ama-oxide ensimbi) abonisa ukukhanya futhi, ngokulandelayo, ahlanganyele namanye amagagasi kagesi afana nalawo e-WiFi. Lapho isignali ishaya leyo ndawo, ingxenye iyaboniswa, enye ingxenye iyamuncwa, futhi ingxenyenamba kuphela ekwazi ukudlula.

Lokhu kuziphatha kubangela imiphumela emibili yakudala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, I-reflection ivimbela isignali ukuthi ihambe iqonde kumadivayisi akho.Lokhu kudala izindlela ezibhampisiwe eziphuma esigabeni (izindlela eziningi) futhi zilulaze isixhumanisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibuko singasebenza njengesithiyo esiyingxenye uma sibekwe phakathi kwerutha nedivayisi, sinciphisa izinga lesignali elicatshangwayo.

Ubukhulu benkinga buncike esimweni. Uma isibuko sikhulu futhi siseduze nerutha noma indlela yesignali, kungcono.Lapho kubonakala ukulahlekelwa, kuzobonakala nakakhulu. Isibuko esincane, esikude ngokuvamile sinomthelela omncane, kodwa udonga olufakwe isibuko, ikhabethe elinezicabha ezikhanyayo, noma ikhabethe eliphelele lokungena lingakwazi ukuguqula indawo ibe imbobo emnyama yangempela engambozeki.

I-router ayidingi ukuba phambi kwesibuko ukuze ibone umphumela. Indawo ekhanyayo, njengamatafula engilazi avaliwe, amafasitela anensimbi, noma ingilazi engangenwa izinhlamvuZiphinde ziphazamise nokusabalalisa. Eqinisweni, abakhiqizi babonisa ukuthi insimbi ingenye yezithiyo ezibaluleke kakhulu kunethiwekhi engenazintambo, futhi ingilazi eboshwe ngensimbi isondela kakhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi umqondo uwukusebenzisa isibuko njenge "reflector" ethuthukisiwe ukuze uqondise ukumboza ekamelweni elithile. Kuyiqhinga elingasebenza ezimeni eziqondile kakhulu (Isibonelo, ukubeka isibuko ngemuva kwerutha ukuqondisa isignali ehhovisi), kodwa lokhu kuvame ukuthuthukisa indawo eyodwa ngezindleko kwenye. Ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu ukuhambisa isisetshenziswa noma ukufaka isandisi sesignali.

Eminye imigoqo kanye nokuphazamiseka okwenza kube kubi ukukhava

Ngaphandle kwezibuko, kunezinto eziningi zansuku zonke ezehlisa isibopho. Isitha esikhulu yinsimbiAmatafula ensimbi, amashalofu, amafreyimu, izicabha zensimbi, noma izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinkulu zingavimba isignali, njengokungena kwikheshi. Ukubeka irutha ngemuva kukamabonakude noma eduze kombhoshongo wekhompyutha akusizi nakho.

Amanzi amunca amanye amandla omsakazo. Amapayipi, ama-radiator, amathangi, izindawo zokugcina amanzi, noma ngisho nemishini yokuwasha neziwasha izitsha ezigcwele zona Bangena endleleni futhi benze buthaka isignali ye-WiFi. Inethiwekhi cishe ngeke ize inyamalale, kodwa amandla esignali ayehla futhi ukuyeka kuyanda, ikakhulukazi ezindongeni lapho amapayipi asebenza khona.

Ibhendi engu-2,4 GHz iminyene kakhulu. Ama-Microwaves, amamonitha ezingane, amakhamera angenantambo, izipikha zerediyo, amafoni angenazintambo e-DECT, kanye ne-Bluetooth imbala Abelana noma asondele kuleyo spectrum futhi angadala ukuphazamiseka lapho esebenza eduze nendawo yokufinyelela. Ama-microwave, isibonelo, angompetha ekukhiqizeni umsindo ngenkathi kufudumeza.

Futhi akufanele sikhohlwe imithombo ethile enelukuluku. Izibani zezintambo ze-LED ezishibhile nemihlobiso Bangakwazi ukwethula izinkambu zozibuthe ezincane kanye nomsindo kagesi ongena ebhendini engu-2,4 GHz. Futhi ama-drones athile noma ama-radio transmitters, kuye ngamandla awo kanye nemvamisa, nawo angabangela ukuphazamiseka uma esebenza eduze kakhulu nomzila.

Izindonga ngokwazo zixoxa indaba. Izinto eziminyene njengosimende, isitini esiqinile, ukhonkolo owugqinsi, imabula, noma itshe Benza buthaka kakhulu isignali, futhi ukwahlukanisa okungeziwe okwengeziwe kunciphisa ukumbozwa ngama-decibel. Uma i-router isezingeni eliphansi futhi idivayisi iphezulu, ukungena phansi nasezindongeni kungaba uvivinyo lwangempela, ikakhulukazi uma inethiwekhi isebenza kubhendi ye-5 GHz, engenakho ukungena okuncane.

• Metal: izihlangu kanye nezithombe, ezikhiqiza izithunzi zokumboza.
• Ingilazi eselashiwe nezibukoZibonisa futhi zihlanekezele, zidale izindlela eziningi kanye nokulahlekelwa.
• Amanzi: inciphisa isignali kumapayipi, ama-radiator nama-aquariums.
• Amadivayisi: ama-microwave, imishini yokuwasha neziqandisi, ngenxa yesakhiwo nomsindo.
• Amadivayisi angenantambo: Iziqapha zezingane, amakhamera e-IP, amafoni angenazintambo, i-Bluetooth.
• Izindonga eziminyeneUsimende, isitini, namatshe kunciphisa ububanzi, ikakhulukazi ku-5 GHz.
• izibani zokuhlobisaBadala ukuphazamiseka uma ukunikezwa kwamandla kunomsindo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amanethiwekhi asebenza kanjani. I-WiFi isekelwe kuzinga le-IEEE 802.11 futhi ikakhulukazi isebenzisa amafrikhwensi angu-2,4 no-5 GHz.I-2,4 GHz ifinyelela phambili futhi ingena kangcono, kodwa ihlushwa ukuphazamiseka okwengeziwe; I-5 GHz inikeza isivinini esiphezulu namashaneli ahlanzekile, nakuba inobubanzi obuncane nokungena okubi kakhulu. Izinguqulo zesimanje ezengeziwe, njenge-WiFi 6, ziphakamisa amakhono etiyetha ngaphezu kwalokho esivame ukukudinga, kodwa i-physics yemvelo ekugcineni iyaphumelela.

Indlela yokubeka irutha ukuze unciphise izinkinga

Umthetho wegolide ukubeka i-router lapho isignali ingakhula ngaphandle kwezithiyo, futhi kanjalo Thuthukisa ukutholakala kwe-WiFi kufoni yakho ye-Android. Thola indawo emaphakathi ngangokunokwenzeka maqondana namagumbi oxhuma kuwo.Okufanelekile, yibeke phakathi nobude noma ngaphezulu, futhi endaweni evulekile. Gwema amakhabethe avaliwe, amakhona, phansi, noma izikhala ngemuva kwe-TV.

Okukuzungezile nakho kunethonya. Gcina ibanga lakho ukusuka izibuko kanye nezindawo zensimbiamafasitela anezokwelapha ezikhanyayo nemishini emikhulu. Uma kungenzeka, gwema ukuyibeka eduze kwefasitela, ngoba amanye amandla "aphuma" emgwaqweni esikhundleni sokuhlala endlini.

Ukulungiswa okulula ukuhlola ibhendi. Uma irutha yakho iyi-dual-band, xhuma ku-5 GHz noma nini uma useduze Ukuze uthole isivinini esisheshayo nokuphazamiseka okuncane, shiya i-2,4 GHz kumadivayisi akude noma asekela leyo bhendi kuphela. Enye intuthuko engokoqobo ukushintsha iziteshi kubhendi engu-2,4 GHz uye kwelinye elinokuminyana okuncane endaweni yangakini.

Ezindlini ezinamadivaysi amaningi angenawaya, kuyancomeka ukuhlukanisa ngokomzimba imithombo yokuphazamiseka. Igcine kude nama-microwave, izisekelo zefoni ezingenazintambo, izipikha, namahabhu e-Bluetooth.Futhi, vele, susa izibuko endleleni eqondile phakathi kwerutha nezindawo lapho upheqa khona i-inthanethi kakhulu.

Khumbula imininingwane emincane eyenza umehluko. Misa izimpondo ema-engeli ahlukene Kuyasiza ukumboza kangcono izindiza ezahlukene; ukuvuselela i-firmware kungathuthukisa ukuphathwa komsakazo; futhi ukukhubaza izici ezingasetshenzisiwe kunciphisa umsindo wangaphakathi. Uma irutha yakho isekela isiteringi sebhendi kanye namashaneli azenzakalelayo asetshenziswe kahle, zinike amandla.

• Isikhungo nobude: isikhundla esimaphakathi nesiphezulu, ngaphandle kwefenisha evimbile.
• Akukho ukucabanga: kude nezibuko, insimbi nengilazi eboshwe.
• Amabhendi afanelekile5 GHz ngokuba seduze; 2,4 GHz ngobubanzi.
• Hlanza isiteshi: khetha ishaneli egcwele okungenani ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Imishini kude: ihlukanisa irutha emithonjeni yomsindo ye-RF.

Izixazululo ezisebenzayo lapho indlu iba yinkimbinkimbi

Akwenzeki njalo ukushiya irutha lapho ungathanda khona. Uma isakhiwo noma izinto zendlu azifanelekiKunamasu amaningana okuletha ukumboza kuwo wonke amakhona ngaphandle kokulwa nezibuko nezinye izithiyo.

Lapho inkinga ifinyelela amamitha ambalwa ngokuqhubekayo ngekhwalithi enhle, i-repeater elula ingenza ubuqili. Yifake phakathi nendawo eduze kwerutha ngesignali enhle.hhayi endaweni efile. Noma kunjalo, kujwayelekile ukuthi abaphindayo bengeze i-latency futhi behlise isivinini ngoba babelana ngomsakazo ukuze bamukele futhi badlulise.

Uma udinga okuthile okuzinzile kuwo wonke amagumbi noma izitezi eziningi, cabanga ngohlelo lwe-WiFi Mesh. Ama-mesh node adala inethiwekhi ehlangene ngokuzulazula okungenamthungo Bathuthukisa imizila ukuze bagweme ukuphazamiseka. Zibeke ezindaweni ezimaphakathi ezingenazo insimbi nezibuko ukuze uqinisekise ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwamanodi.

Esinye isinyathelo esiqinisekile somlilo wezingcezu ezibekiwe ukugwema umoya. Xhuma ama-TV, amakhonsoli egeyimu, namakhompyutha edeskithophu ngekhebula ye-Ethernet. UkulandaAmageyimu aku-inthanethi nokusakaza kwe-4K kuhamba kahle kakhulu, kukhulula umoya kumadivayisi angenantambo. Uma izintambo ezisebenzayo zingenakwenzeka, ama-adaptha welayini kagesi angaba enye indlela, nakuba ukusebenza kwawo kuncike kakhulu kuzintambo zikagesi.

Ezimweni ezithile, ukumboza "kungaqondiswa". Beka irutha odongeni olungabonisi. Iphusha isignali eyengeziwe endlini. Okuhlukile kwenzeka uma uyibeka eduze kwendawo yensimbi noma yesibuko: ingxenye enkulu yesiginali izogxuma, idale izithunzi ezingadingeki. Kungakho kungewona umqondo omuhle ukuyifihla ngemuva kwe-TV noma umise okuyize okuyizibuko ngqo phambi kwayo.

• IzimpindaBavala izikhala eziseduze, kodwa qaphela ukulahleka kwesivinini.
• I-WiFi Mesh: ukumbozwa okufanayo nokuzulazula ezindlini ezinkulu noma ezinezitezi eziningi.
• EthernetUkuzinza okuphezulu kumishini engashintshi; shiya i-WiFi kumadivayisi eselula.
• PLC: okunye uma ungakwazi ukufaka ucingo, ngokusebenza okuguquguqukayo.

Uma usuvele uyithuthile irutha futhi usenezinkinga, sekuyisikhathi sokucwaningwa kwamabhuku okusheshayo. Hlola ukuthi iphutha lihambisana yini nokuvula i-microwave, izibani zokuhlobisa, noma imonitha yengane.Zama ukuvala lawo madivayisi uphinde uwavule futhi ukuze uhlukanise imbangela. Shintsha isiteshi esingu-2,4 GHz uma uthola amanethiwekhi angomakhelwane anamandla eziteshini ezifanayo.

Elinye ithiphu eliwusizo: hlaziya ngokuhlala. Uma yonke into iphelele egumbini lokuphumula kodwa hhayi ekamelweniBheka ukuthi yini ephakathi. Kwesinye isikhathi umenzi wecala yiwodilobhu elinezicabha ezenziwe isibuko, itafula lensimbi, irediyetha enkulu, noma iwindi elinengilazi elungisiwe khona kanye endleleni yesiginali.

Amarutha esimanje akuvumela ukuthi ubone ikhwalithi yesixhumanisi yedivayisi ngayinye futhi, kwamanye amamodeli, imephu yokushisa eyisisekelo. Sebenzisa lawo mathuluzi noma uhlelo lokusebenza lokuhlaziya i-WiFi Ukuhlola amaleveli esignali, ukuphazamiseka, nokugcwala kwesikhala kwesiteshi, ukulungisa kahle indawo, i-engeli ye-antenna, noma isiteshi kuvame ukwenza izimanga.

Kuwukhiye futhi ukuhlola ukucushwa kwebhendi engu-2,4 GHz. Khubaza ububanzi obeqile besiteshi uma indawo yakho ilayishwe kakhulu. Futhi ubeke phambili iziteshi 1, 6, noma 11, ezingadluleli. Ku-5 GHz, zama ukugwema i-DFS uma uthola ukuphuma kwe-radar ngezikhathi ezithile bese ukhetha isiteshi esizinzile esingashintshi njalo.

Emakhaya anezibuko eziningi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yezizathu zobuhle noma ngenxa yesidingo, kukhona indawo yokuqondisa. Zama ukuvimbela irutha ukuthi "ingaboni" ngokuqondile izindawo ezinkulu ezikhanyayo.Hambisa kancane indawo yokufinyelela noma zungezisa izinti ukuze indlela evelele igweme lokho kuboniswa. Ushintsho oluncane endaweni, amasentimitha ayishumi noma angamashumi amabili, lungaqeda indawo efile.

Futhi uma usebenzisa amadivaysi IoT esekela kuphela i-2,4 GHz, khumbula indawo yayo. Ungawanamathiseli ku-chassis yensimbi, ama-radiator, noma ngemuva kwezibuko.Ibekwe kahle emashalofini okhuni noma epulasitiki, anomugqa ocacile wokubona endaweni yokufinyelela eseduze noma inodi ye-Mesh.

Ekugcineni, inethiwekhi ehamba phambili yileyo eklanyelwe kahle ikhaya lakho. Ukubekwa kwerutha okuhlakaniphile, kude nezibuko nezinsimbi, kuhlanganiswe no-5 GHz noma kuphi lapho uthinta khona futhi usekela i-Mesh noma uxhumano lwezintambo. Uma kudingeka, kuphumela ku-WiFi ezinzile, esheshayo, nengenakhanda elibuhlungu.

Uma i-WiFi iziphatha kabi sivame ukusola umhlinzeki, kodwa cishe kukhona indawo yokuthuthukisa ngaphandle kokushintsha izinhlelo. Izibuko, ngenxa yokwembozwa kwazo kwensimbi, ziyaphambuka futhi zenze buthaka isignali.Insimbi ivimba isignali, amanzi ayimunce, izindonga ziyayikhinyabeza, futhi izisetshenziswa ezithile zethula umsindo ku-2,4 GHz. Ngokubekwa ngokucophelela, ukukhethwa kwebhendi efanelekile neshaneli, futhi, uma kunesidingo, isistimu yemeshi noma uxhumo lwezintambo lwamadivayisi angaguquki, inethiwekhi yasekhaya izuza ukumbozwa, ukuzinza, kanye nesivinini ngaphandle kwesidingo sokutshala impahla ebizayo.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Okufanele ukususe kumzila wakho: umhlahlandlela wokugcina wokuthuthukisa i-Wi-Fi yakho yasekhaya

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.