- I-CRUD ihlanganisa imisebenzi emine eyisisekelo kudatha: dala, funda, buyekeza futhi ususe, ekhona cishe kunoma iyiphi isistimu yolwazi.
- Le misebenzi yenziwa ku-SQL (INSERT, KHETHA, BUYEKEZA, SUSA), kuma-REST API (POST, GET, PUT/PATCH, DELETE) nakuzinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zewebhu neselula.
- Amasistimu e-CRUD ahlinzeka ngokuma, isipiliyoni somsebenzisi esithuthukisiwe, ukugcinwa kalula, ukuphepha, kanye nomthamo ophezulu wokuhlanganisa phakathi kwe-ERP, CRM, ecommerce, kanye namathuluzi e-BI.
- I-Mastering CRUD ne-SQL ibalulekile kubathuthukisi nabahlaziyi bedatha, njengoba kubeka isisekelo sokuklama yolwazi, ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha nokuhlaziya okuthuthukile.
Emhlabeni wokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware, Ukuzwa ngohlelo lwe-CRUD kuyinto yansuku zonke.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wakha iwebhusayithi encane, i-API yohlelo lokusebenza lweselula, noma isistimu enkulu yebhizinisi, maduze nje uzogcina usudale, ufunda, ubuyekeza, futhi ususe idatha. Le misebenzi emine iyona kanye eyenza i-CRUD igama layo.
Qonda kahle Iyini isistimu ye-CRUD, isetshenziselwa ini, futhi isetshenziswa kanjani kusizindalwazi, ama-API, ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha, nokuhlaziya? Kuwukhiye wanoma iyiphi iphrofayili yobuchwepheshe: abahleli bezinhlelo abangemuva nabangaphambili, abahlaziyi bedatha, ochwepheshe bokuhlanganisa, noma abantu bebhizinisi abafuna ukuqonda ukuthi idatha ihamba kanjani phakathi kwenhlangano yabo.
Iyini i-CRUD futhi isho ukuthini ezinhlelweni?
Leli gama I-CRUD isifinyezo esithi Dala, Funda, Buyekeza, futhi SusaOkungukuthi, Dala, Funda, Buyekeza, futhi Susa. Lezi zenzo ezine zimelela zonke izindlela eziyisisekelo lapho uhlelo lokusebenza lungakwazi ukusebenzisana nolwazi oluqhubekayo olugcinwe, ngokuvamile kusizindalwazi esihlobene noma ezinye izinhlobo zezitolo zedatha.
Uma sikhuluma ngemisebenzi ye-CRUD Asibhekiseli nje kuzigcinilwazi zakudala ze-SQLZisebenza futhi kusizindalwazi se-NoSQL, amafayela, ama-REST APIs, izinsizakalo zewebhu, izinhlelo zokuhlanganisa idatha (ezifana nezinkundla ze-iPaaS) ngisho nezendlalelo zebhizinisi ezisebenzisa okuhlukile njengokuthi "ukususa okuthambile", lapho irekhodi lingasuswa khona ngokomzimba, kodwa limakwe ngesimo sokuthi lisusiwe noma alisebenzi.
Ngencazelo esemthethweni kancane, I-CRUD ichaza amakhono amancane okufanele anikezwe yinoma yiluphi uhlelo lokuphatha idatha. ukuze abasebenzisi nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zisebenzise ulwazi ngendlela ehlelekile nelawulwayo: engeza amarekhodi amasha, thintana nawo, uwaguqule noma uwasuse lapho engasadingeki.
Ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje, I-CRUD isiwuhlobo lolimi olujwayelekile Phakathi kwesizindalwazi, ama-API, nezendlalelo zokwethulwa: wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukudala, ukufunda, ukubuyekeza, noma ukususa insiza, futhi lokhu kwenza ukwakheka kwesistimu kube lula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi ye-CRUD injalo insika ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokusebenzelana zezinhlelo zolwazinjengoba amafomu amaningi nezikrini (ukubhalisa, ukufakwa kuhlu, ukuhlela, ukuqinisekiswa kokususwa) kwakhelwe ngokunembile eduze kwalezi zenzo ezine.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwemisebenzi ye-CRUD: Dala, Funda, Buyekeza, futhi Susa
Ngayinye yezinhlamvu ze-CRUD imele ukusebenza okuchazwe kahle kudathaNakuba zingase zibonakale zisobala, kufanelekile ukuzibuyekeza ngoba ngokuzijwayeza zihumushela olimini imiyalo, iziphetho kanye nokuziphatha okuqondile.
Dala Lona umsebenzi ovumela ulwazi olusha ukuthi lufakwe ohlelweni. Kumininingwane yolwazi ye-SQL, isetshenziswa ngezitatimende. BHALA, kanti ku-REST API ngokuvamile ihambisana nesicelo se-HTTP I-POSTIsibonelo esijwayelekile: uma umsebenzisi egcwalisa ifomu lokubhalisa futhi elithumela likhiqiza umugqa omusha kuthebula labasebenzisi.
Funda, ebizwa nangokuthi Buyisa, isenzo se buza ngedatha ekhona ngaphandle kokuyilungisaKu-SQL, lokhu kwenziwa nge KHETHA, futhi kuma-REST API kusetshenziswa indlela ye-HTTP TholaUkubuka uhlu lomkhiqizo, ukuhlola imininingwane ye-oda, noma ukucinga umsebenzisi othile konke kuyimisebenzi efundwayo.
Buyekeza ukhonza lungisa izinkambu zamarekhodi ezikhonaKu-SQL, lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa umyalo QAPHELA, kanti ku-REST kuvamile ukusetshenziswa PUT o PATCHUkushintsha ikheli lokuthumela, ukulungisa intengo yencwadi, noma ukulungisa isimo somsebenzi kumphathi wephrojekthi kuzoba ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba.
Susa iwumsebenzi oqondiswe kuwo khipha idatha kusizindalwazi noma enqolobaneni yolwaziKu-SQL, lokhu kwenziwa nge SUSAnaku-REST APIs ngendlela ye-HTTP SUSAUkususa i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi, ukususa umkhiqizo ongasaqhutshwa, noma ukususa ukushicilelwa okudala kuyizibonelo ezicacile.
Ezinhlelweni eziningi ezithuthukile, Umsebenzi wokususa uphathwa njengokuthi “soft delete”Esikhundleni sokususa ngokoqobo umugqa, imakwa ngekholomu yesimo (isb., iyasebenza = 0 noma isusiwe_at with date) ukuze kulondolozwe umlando, ukucwaninga, nokulandeleka, okuziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezilawulwayo noma lapho kudingeka umkhondo wezinguquko.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-CRUD, SQL kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha
Imininingwane yokuxhumana efana I-MySQL, i-PostgreSQL, ne-Oracle isebenzisa ngokuyinhloko imisebenzi ye-CRUD nge-SQL. (Ulimi Lombuzo Ohleliwe). Uhlamvu ngalunye lwesifinyezo luhumusheka kumndeni wezitatimende ze-SQL ezisetshenziswa abahlaziyi bedatha nonjiniyela nsuku zonke.
Kumongo wokuhlaziya idatha, Ukwenza kahle imisebenzi emine ye-CRUD ku-SQL isinyathelo sokuqala sokukwazi ukusebenza ngolwazi ngokuzimisela.Ngaphandle kokwazi ukudala, ukufunda, ukubuyekeza, nokususa amarekhodi, akunakwenzeka ukwakha imibuzo eyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhiqiza imibiko, noma ukulungiselela amasethi edatha ahlanzekile amamodeli okufunda omshini noma amadeshibhodi eBusiness Intelligence, isibonelo. qoqa idatha yezenhlalo nge Amafomu futhi uwahlaziye ku-Excel.
Ukusebenza okuvamile kwe Ukudala ku-SQL kwenziwa nge-INSERTIsibonelo, lapho ulayisha idatha yokuqala etafuleni books Kusuka kulabhulali, ungasebenzisa isitatimende esithi FAKA esingeza ibhuku elisha nesihlonzi salo, isihloko, umbhali, unyaka wokushicilelwa, kanye nenani.
para Funda isebenzisa KHETHACabanga ukuthi ufuna ukuthola izincwadi ezishicilelwe ngemva kuka-2000 kuphela: ungakha umbuzo othi KHETHA ukuhlungwa ngekholomu yonyaka wokushicilela esigatshaneni esithi LAPHO. Ngale ndlela, ungagxila kuhlaka lwesikhathi oluthile noma ingxenye yombhali, intengo, uhlobo, njll.
Uma kuyisikhathi sokushintsha idatha, UPDATE izoqala ukusebenzaUma udinga ukuhlola intengo yebhuku elithile elikhonjwe nge-ID yalo, ungadala isitatimende SOKUBUYEKEZA esishintsha inani lekholomu yentengo yalelo rekhodi. Lo msebenzi ubalulekile ekulungiseni amaphutha noma ukulungisa ulwazi olukhona ngaphandle kokususa nokufaka kabusha idatha.
Ekugcineni, SUSA ikuvumela ukuthi ususe imigqa ephelelwe yisikhathi noma lokho akusafanele kutholakale. Ngokuqhubeka nesibonelo sesitolo samabhuku, uma incwadi iyekwa unomphela futhi ungadingi ukuyigcina, ungasusa irekhodi layo ngomsebenzi othi SUSA ohlungwe nge-ID.
Le misebenzi emine, ehlanganiswe nezihlungi, amajoyinti, imibuzo emincane, kanye nemisebenzi ehlanganisiwe, Ziyisisekelo sanoma yiliphi isu lokuhlaziya idatha ye-SQLLe datha isetshenziselwa ukwakha imibiko, amadeshibhodi, namamodeli asekela izinqumo zebhizinisi ezindaweni ezifana nokukhangisa, ezezimali, ezempilo, nobuchwepheshe.
Isakhiwo sesistimu ye-CRUD yesimanje
Empeleni, uma sikhuluma nge Kusistimu esebenzisa imisebenzi ye-CRUD, ngokuvamile sihlukanisa izendlalelo ezintathu eziyinhloko.: isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi, i-API noma iseva edalula ingqondo yebhizinisi kanye nesizindalwazi noma isitolo sedatha esiqhubekayo.
La interface yomsebenzisi (UI) Iyingxenye ebonakalayo yohlelo lokusebenza: amafomu okwengeza nokuhlela idatha, izinhlu ezinezihlungi, izinkinobho zokususa, izinjini zokusesha, njll. Kulapho abantu bahlanganyela nesistimu ukuze bakhe, bafunde, babuyekeze, noma basuse ulwazi, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuqaphela ukuthi benza imisebenzi ye-CRUD.
La I-API noma iseva Isebenza njengomxhumanisi phakathi kwe-interface kanye nesizindalwazi. Idalula amaphuzu okugcina noma izindlela ezithola izicelo ezivela ku-UI (isibonelo, i-POST /abasebenzisi, i-GET /products noma DELETE /orders/123) futhi inesibopho sokuqinisekisa idatha, ukusebenzisa imithetho yebhizinisi, ukulawula izimvume futhi ekugcineni kusebenzisa imibuzo ye-CRUD kusendlalelo sedatha.
La database Yilapho amarekhodi agcinwa khona. Kungaba isizindalwazi esihlobene (MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle), uhlelo lwe-NoSQL (MongoDB, Cassandra), inqolobane yedatha yamafu, noma amafayela ahlelekile. Kulapho ukusebenza ngokomzimba kwe-INSERT, KHETHA, UKUBUYEKEZA, kanye NOSUSA kwenzeka khona, nakuba kumsebenzisi kubonakala njengezenzo ezilula kuwebhusayithi noma uhlelo lokusebenza.
Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlukaniswa kwezingqimba, Izinhlelo zesimanje ze-CRUD zivumelana nezimo kakhulu, ziyakaleka, futhi ziyalondolozeka.Ungashintsha ubuchwepheshe besizindalwazi, udizayine kabusha isixhumi esibonakalayo, noma uveze izindawo zokugcina ze-API ngaphandle kokuthi wakhe kabusha yonke isistimu kusukela ekuqaleni.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa imisebenzi ye-CRUD ekuthuthukisweni kwesoftware
Ukwamukela indlela esekwe ku-CRUD ekwakhiweni kwesicelo kuletha inombolo enhle yezinzuzo, kokubili ezobuchwepheshe kanye nebhizinisiokuchaza ukuthi kungani le modeli yande kangaka.
Okokuqala, I-CRUD iletha ukumiswaLonke ithimba labathuthukisi likhuluma ulimi olufanayo uma kuziwa ekuphathweni kwedatha: liyaqonda ukuthi ukudala, ukufunda, ukubuyekeza, noma ukususa insiza kuhlanganisani. Lokhu kubangela ukuxhumana okungaguquki futhi okulula ukukuqonda kanye nama-API kubo bobabili abathuthukisi bangaphakathi nokuhlanganiswa kwangaphandle.
Ngokombono womsebenzisi wokugcina, Izixhumanisi ze-CRUD ngokuvamile zinembileUkudala irekhodi ngefomu, ukubuka uhlu olunezinketho zokusesha, ukuhlela idatha enkinobheni ethi "Lungisa", noma ukususa okuthile ngenketho ethi "Susa" amaphethini noma ubani angawaqonda ngokushesha, okuthuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi.
Mayelana nesondlo, Isistimu ye-CRUD echazwe kahle yenza impilo ibe lula.Ukuba nemisebenzi ecacile nephindaphindekayo kanye nokugeleza kwenza kube lula ukulungisa amaphutha, ukwengeza izici ezintsha, izinguquko zokuhlola, noma ikhodi yokuphinda wenze kabusha ngaphandle kokwephula ukuziphatha okulindelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ze-CRUD Benza lula ukuqina nokunwebekaKungenzeka ukwandisa uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwengeza amamojula edatha amasha (amathebula amasha noma amaqoqo) alandela iphethini efanayo yokudala-funda-buyekeza-susa, ngaphandle kokudinga ukusungula izindlela ezihluke ngokuphelele zengxenye ngayinye.
Ekugcineni, ukusebenza kwe-CRUD Bahlanganisa ngaphandle komthungo ngobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukeneKusukela kuma-REST APIs kanye ne-GraphQL kuya kuzizindalwazi ezihlobene noma ze-NoSQL, okuhlanganisa ama-microservices, imigqa yemilayezo, nezinhlelo ze-Business Intelligence, le mvelo enqamulanayo yenza i-CRUD ibe uhlobo "lwezinhlamvu eziyisisekelo" zokuphathwa kwedatha.
Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwamasistimu e-CRUD
Iphethini ye-CRUD ingatholakala cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lohlelo lokusebenza olugxile kudathaKodwa-ke, kunezimo eziningana zokusebenzisa lapho ubukhona bayo bubonakala ikakhulukazi.
En los I-CMS (Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kokuqukethwe) Njenge-WordPress, i-Drupal, noma izinhlelo zangokwezifiso, abasebenzisi bangakha amakhasi noma okuthunyelwe, bafunde okuqukethwe okushicilelwe, babuyekeze umbhalo noma izithombe, futhi basuse izihloko ezindala. Lonke uhlelo lokuphatha okuqukethwe luzungeza imisebenzi ye-CRUD.
I-Las izitolo eziku-inthanethi namapulatifomu e-ecommerce Ziphinde zibe umkhosi wokusebenza kwe-CRUD. Amakhasimende abhalisa (Dala), aphequlule imikhiqizo (Funda), abuyekeze imininingwane yawo yephrofayela noma amakheli okuthumela (Buyekeza), futhi angavala noma asuse i-akhawunti yawo (Susa). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abalawuli baphatha ikhathalogi yomkhiqizo, isitoko, ama-oda, nokukhushulwa besebenzisa iphethini efanayo ncamashi.
En los izinhlelo zokuphatha amaphrojekthi (I-Asana, i-Trello, i-Jira, nezinkundla ezifanayo) abasebenzisi bakha amaphrojekthi namakhadi, babuyekeze isimo somsebenzi ngamunye, babuyekeze izincazelo, abanikezwayo, noma izinsuku zokugcina, futhi basuse imisebenzi engasadingeki. Futhi, i-CRUD emsulwa isetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi, ama-sprints, nokugeleza komsebenzi.
I-Las izinkundla zokubhuka Amasistimu okubhukha ezindiza, amahhotela, noma izindawo zokudlela avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhe ukubhuka okusha, babuke osekuvele bakhona, balungise imininingwane efana nezinsuku noma inombolo yabantu, futhi bakhansele (basuse) ukubhukha abangeke bakusebenzise. Ingqondo yebhizinisi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa okuyisisekelo isasekelwe ekusebenzeni kwe-CRUD.
En izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhumana nabantu kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumanaOkuthunyelwe ngakunye, amazwana, ukusabela, noma iphrofayela irekhodi elingadalwa, lifundwe, libuyekezwe, noma lisuswe. Abasebenzisi badala okuthunyelwe, babuka imigqa yesikhathi, bahlele umlando wabo noma isithombe sephrofayela, futhi basuse imilayezo noma ama-akhawunti noma nini lapho befuna.
Ocwaningweni nasezilungiselelweni zephrojekthi yezemfundo, Uhlelo lwe-CRUD luwusizo kakhulu ekulawuleni idatha yocwaningo.: dala amarekhodi okuhlola amasha, buka imiphumela, lungisa idatha efakwe ngokungalungile, futhi ususe amarekhodi angasavumelekile noma adinga ukwenziwa angaziwa.
I-CRUD ekuhlanganisweni kwedatha, ama-API kanye namapulatifomu e-iPaaS
Ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene, I-CRUD iyisisekelo sokuhlanganiswa kwedatha phakathi kwezinhleloUma i-ERP, i-CRM, nesitolo se-inthanethi kufanele zixhumane, cishe njalo zenza njalo ngokushintshisana ngemisebenzi yokudala, ukufunda, ukubuyekeza, nokususa amarekhodi.
I-Las Ama-API wesimanje we-REST aklanywe ngokulandela iphethini ye-CRUD esekelwa i-HTTPNgakho-ke, ukudalwa kwensiza kuhlotshaniswa ne-POST, ukufunda ne-GET, ukuvuselela nge-PUT noma i-PATCH, nokususa ngokuthi DELETE. Isibonelo, indawo yokugcina ye-POST /client idala iklayenti elisha; i-GET /clients ibuyisela uhlu noma imininingwane; i-PUT /clients/123 ibuyekeza iklayenti nge-id 123; kanye ne-DELETE /clients/123 iyayisusa.
Kumapulatifomu e-iPaaS njengezixazululo zokuhlanganisa Xhuma i-HUB noma amanye amathuluzi afanayoImisebenzi ye-CRUD isetshenziselwa ukugcina amasistimu ahluke kakhulu avunyelanisiwe: ikhasimende elisha ku-CRM licupha okuthi Dala ku-ERP, izibuyekezo zesitoko ku-ERP zikhiqiza Izibuyekezo esitolo se-inthanethi, futhi ukususwa noma ukuvalwa kwemikhiqizo kusakazwa njengoSusa kumakhathalogi axhunyiwe.
Isibonelo esivame kakhulu Dala ekuhlanganisweni kwedatha Lokhu kwenzeka lapho othile ethenga esitolo se-inthanethi: inkundla ye-ecommerce ikhiqiza i-oda futhi ukuhlanganiswa kuliphindaphinda ku-ERP, lapho umsebenzi wokubala urekhodwa khona, isitoko sibuyekezwa, futhi izinto ziyaqaliswa.
para Funda mayelana nokuhlanganisaIsibonelo esijwayelekile yileso samathuluzi eBusiness Intelligence abuza ulwazi oluvela emithonjeni ehlukene (ERP, CRM, e-commerce) ukwakha imibiko ebumbene. Lawa mathuluzi enza ukufundwa kwezikhathi ezithile noma kwesikhathi sangempela ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwe-CRUD, okuvamise ukuvezwa ngama-API noma izixhumi zomdabu.
Ukusebenza kwe Izibuyekezo zikuvumela ukuthi uvumelanise izinguquko phakathi kwamasistimu.Uma ikhasimende libuyekeza ikheli lalo ku-CRM, ukuhlanganiswa okuklanywe kahle kuzothumela lolo shintsho ku-ERP, isistimu yezokuthutha, noma inkundla yokumaketha, ukuze wonke umuntu asebenze ngedatha efanayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Ukususa kusetshenziselwa ukuhlanza nokulungisa idatha kuwo wonke amasistimu axhunyiwe: susa imikhiqizo enqanyuliwe, vala amakhasimende angasebenzi, susa amarekhodi ayimpinda noma ususe idatha engalungile engahlanekezela ukuhlaziya nezinqubo ezizenzakalelayo.
Izinzuzo ze-CRUD kumaphrojekthi ocwaningo kanye nomsebenzi wokusebenzisana
Kumaphrojekthi ocwaningo, kokubili kwezemfundo kanye nebhizinisi, Isistimu ye-CRUD eklanywe kahle isiza kakhulu ekuphathweni okuqinile kwedatha.Ikuvumela ukuthi urekhode okubonwayo, uhlu lwemibuzo, imiphumela yokuhlolwa noma izilinganiso ngendlela ehlelekile nevikelekile.
Sibonga ikhono dala, funda, buyekeza futhi ususe amarekhodi ocwaningoAmaqembu angalungisa amaphutha okuthwebula, anothise ulwazi ngezinkambu ezintsha, alungise idatha engahambisani, futhi agcine inqolobane emaphakathi esebenza njengomthombo owodwa weqiniso.
Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu: I-CRUD ingasetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuqinisekisa nokugunyaza. ezilawula ukuthi ubani ongabuka, ahlele noma asuse idatha ebucayi, into ebalulekile lapho uphatha idatha yomuntu siqu, yezempilo noma eyimfihlo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwe-CRUD olugxile ocwaningweni Ikhuthaza ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaningi.Abacwaningi abaningi bangasebenza kudathasethi efanayo, ngalinye linezimvume ezithile, kuyilapho isistimu irekhoda lokho okudaliwe, okushintshiwe, noma okususiwe, okwenza kube lula ukulandeleka.
Okokugcina, lezi zinhlelo zivamile ingasetshenziswa kabusha kumaphrojekthi ahlukeneInkundla eyodwa ye-CRUD ingashintshwa ukuze ihambisane nezifundo ezihlukene ngokumane iguqule imodeli yedatha namafomu, ukonga isikhathi, ukwehlisa izindleko, nokumisa indlela ulwazi olusingathwa ngayo.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.