Iyini i-Windows EFI partition, ingelani, futhi ungayiphatha kanjani?

Uma uke wajula ekuphathweni kwediski yekhompyutha yakho futhi wahlangabezana ne-a ukwahlukanisa okubizwa nge-EFI, Cishe uke wazibuza ukuthi iyini ngempela nokuthi ikufanele yini ukushintshwa noma ukucishwa. Lesi sahlukaniso sivamise ukufihlwa futhi asivamile ukuvela ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, kodwa indima yako ibaluleke kakhulu kangangokuthi ukuyithinta ungahlosile kungenza isistimu yakho ingasebenzi.

Kulo mhlahlandlela oningiliziwe ngichaza ngokujulile ukuthi yini ukuhlukaniswa kwesistimu ye-EFI, ukuthi iyini imisebenzi yayo, ungabheka kanjani ukuthi i-PC yakho iyayisebenzisa, izingozi zokuyisusa nokuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani kokubili ekudalweni kwayo nokususwa kwayo ezindaweni. Windows, konke kuchazwe ngokucacile nangezincomo ezisebenzayo zokugwema amaphutha abulalayo.

Iyini i-partition yesistimu ye-EFI?

Ukuhlukaniswa kwesistimu ye-EFI, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ESP (EFI System Partition), ingxenye encane ye-hard drive, ngokuvamile ephakathi kuka-100 MB no-500 MB, edaleka ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ufaka isistimu yokusebenza yesimanje, njenge-Windows 10 noma 11, kudrayivu esebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlukanisa lwe-GPT (GUID Partition Table).

Lesi sigaba ifomethwe ngo FAT32 futhi ayinayo incwadi eyabelwe, ngakho-ke ngeke uyibone ku-File Explorer. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko gcina amafayela adingekayo ukuze uqalise uhlelo lokusebenza, njengama-bootloaders, abashayeli ababalulekile kanye nezinsiza ezivumela isistimu ukuthi ilayishe ngaphambi kwe-Windows noma enye isistimu yokusebenza empeleni iqale ukusebenza.

Izinga le-UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) elijwayelekile, elicishe lithathele indawo ngokuphelele I-BIOS ngokwesiko, isebenzisa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI ukuthola nokusebenzisa lawa mafayela ekuqaleni, okwenza inqubo isebenze kahle kakhulu futhi ivikeleke.

Izingxenye kanye nemisebenzi ye-EFI partition

Ingxenye ye-EFI iqukethe izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ngokusebenza kwe-boot:

• Ama-bootloaders: Izinhlelo ezinesibopho sokuqala uhlelo lokusebenza olufakiwe, noma ngabe iWindows, Linux noma ezinye ezihambisana ne-UEFI.
• Abashayeli bedivayisi: Izakhi eziyisisekelo okufanele zibonwe hardware kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, njengama-hard drive kanye nezinhlelo ze-RAID.
• Izinsiza zesistimu: Amathuluzi angasebenza ngaphambi kokuqala kwesistimu yokusebenza, awusizo ekubuyiseleni noma ekuxilongweni.
• Amafayela wedatha: hlanganisa izingodo yamaphutha noma ukulungiselelwa okudingekayo ezigabeni zokuqala zokuqalisa.

Ukwengeza, amanye ama-OEM asebenzisa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI ukuze afake izinsiza zangokwezifiso, izibuyekezo ze-firmware, noma imibhalo yokutakula, ngaleyo ndlela andise ukusebenza kwazo.

Kungani iWindows isebenzisa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI?

Kusukela ku-Windows 8 kuye phambili, uma uhlelo lufakwe kwidiski lufomethwe kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwe-GPT, idala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana ne-UEFI nokusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa kwayo: izikhathi zokuqalisa ngokushesha, ukuphatha kangcono amadiski amakhulu, nokusekelwa kwezici ezithuthukile njengokubethela kwe-BitLocker kanye ne-Secure Boot.

Ngaphandle kwalesi sahlukaniso, ikhompuyutha yakho ngeke ikwazi ukuqalisa iWindows., njengoba kulapho amafayela e-boot ahlala khona. Uma futhi unezinguqulo eziningi ze-Windows noma i-dual-boot ene-Linux, isistimu ngayinye ingase idinge amafayela ku-EFI partition ukuze ilawule ukuqalisa kwayo.

Ungazi kanjani ukuthi i-PC yakho isebenzisa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI?

Indlela yokuthola ilula futhi kuwumqondo omuhle ukuhlola ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko kudiski yakho:

1. Vula ithuluzi Lokulawula Idiski: Cindezela ukhiye weWindows + R, thayipha diskmgmt.msc bese ucindezela u-Enter.
2. Thola ama-partitions ngaphandle kwencwadi yokushayela: Ivamise ukubonakala “njenge-EFI System Partition” noma efanayo, enosayizi ocishe ube ngu-100 MB noma u-200 MB.
3. Hlola uhlobo lokuhlukanisa: Uma idiski ikufomethi ye-GPT futhi ubona ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFI, i-PC yakho isebenzisa i-UEFI boot.
4. Ukuze uthole isheke elinemininingwane eyengeziwe, ungaphinda uvule Ulwazi Lwesistimu ngokuthayipha okuthi “msinfo32” ebhokisini lokusesha le-Windows bese ubheka okufakiwe “Imodi ye-BIOS”: uma ithi UEFI, isistimu yakho isebenzisa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI.

Kumakhompyutha anesistimu endala MBR (Irekhodi Lokuqalisa Okuyinhloko), ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFI ngeke kube khona, futhi ukuqala kabusha kuzosebenza ngokuhlukile.

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I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungafinyelela kanjani futhi usebenzise igobolondo le-UEFI

Ingabe ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFI kubalulekile Windows 10/11?

Impendulo emfushane inguyebo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFI kubalulekile ekuqaliseni okufanele nokusebenza kweWindows.Ukuyisusa noma ukuyilimaza kungase kukushiye ungenakho ukufinyelela ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza, kwenezele ubunzima uma usebenzisa i-Bitlocker noma udinga ukufinyelela izinketho zokutakula, ibhuthi evikelekile, noma ukulungisa okuzenzakalelayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFI kuthatha indawo encane kakhulu futhi ayiphazamisi i isitoreji kusuka kumafayela akho omuntu siqu, ngakho-ke ukuzama ukukuqeda ukuze "uzuze indawo" kuphambene futhi kuyingozi.

Kukuziphi izimo lapho ungase ufune ukususa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI?

Akunconywa ukususa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI uma idiski yakho ingeyokuqala. futhi iqukethe isistimu yokusebenza oyisebenzisayo. Izimo kuphela lapho kungase kube nengqondo ukuyisusa yilezi:

• Ukufaka uhlelo olusha lokusebenza kusukela ekuqaleni, lapho inqubo yokufaka izodala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI entsha.
• Ukususa ukwahlukanisa kudiski yesibili, isibonelo, idiski yangaphandle lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFI kudalwe khona ngephutha noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngamasistimu e-multi-boot futhi akusadingeki.
• Uma kukhona ama-partitions amaningi we-EFI futhi ufuna ukugcina ikhophi eyodwa ukuze wenze ukuphathwa kwe-boot kube lula.

Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko, Kubalulekile ukwenza isipele yonke idatha yakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi awunikezi isistimu yakho ukuthi ingasebenziseki ngokususa ukwahlukanisa okungalungile.

1. Ukuze umbe ujule kuzinketho futhi uphathe ukuhlukaniswa kwe-boot, ungabheka ukuthi kanjani Hambisa i-boot partition ku-Windows.

Kungani ngingakwazi ukususa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI ku-Windows?

Uma uzama ukususa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI ethuluzini Lokulawula Idiski, uzobona ukuthi inketho ethi "Susa Ivolumu" impunga ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhohlisa ngephutha. IWindows ivikela lokhu kuhlukanisa ngoba ikubona kubalulekile ekuqaliseni nasekusebenzeni kwesistimu.

Nokho, zikhona izindlela eziphambili ukuphoqelela ukususwa, noma ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi lomugqa imiyalo Diskpart, noma ngokusebenzisa isoftware ekhethekile yokuphatha ukwahlukanisa njenge efibootmgr ku-Linux.

Izinyathelo zokususa ukwahlukanisa kwesistimu ye-EFI

Indlela 1: Ukusebenzisa i-Diskpart

Le ndlela idinga ukuqapha nokungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla ngokucophelela:

1. Qhafaza I-Windows + R, kubhala diskpart bese ushaya u-Enter.
2. Ewindini lomyalo, faka: uhlu disk futhi uqaphele inombolo yediski lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFI kukhona.
3. Bhala khetha idiski X (shintshanisa u-'X' nenombolo ehambisanayo).
4. Manje thayipha uhlu lokuhlukanisa ukuze ubone ukuhlukaniswa kwediski futhi uthole uhlobo lwe-EFI.
5. Khetha ukwahlukanisa nge khetha ingxenye N (shintsha u-'N' uye kunombolo yokuhlukanisa ye-EFI).
6. Okokuqala shintsha isihlonzi sayo ukuze ukwenze ukuhlukaniswa kwedatha: set id=ebd0a0a2-b9e5-4433-87c0-68b6b72699c7
7. Manje usungayisusa usebenzisa susa ukubhala kwengxenye

Bese ukhumbula Uma ususa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI kudiski lapho iWindows ifakiwe, izoyeka ukuqala. Cabangela lesi sinyathelo kuphela kumadrayivu angaphandle noma izimo lapho isistimu ingancikile kulokho kuhlukanisa.

Indlela yesi-2: Nge-software ekhethekile (i-EaseUS Partition Master noma i-AOMEI Partition Assistant)

Uma ungakhululekile ngomugqa womyalo, lezi zinhlelo zikuvumela ukuthi uphathe ukwahlukanisa kalula:

1. Landa futhi ufake I-EaseUS Partition Master noma ku-PC yakho.
2. Vula uhlelo futhi uthole ngokubukeka ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI ohlwini lwama-disk partitions.
3. Chofoza kwesokudla ku-partition ye-EFI bese ukhetha "Susa."
4. Qinisekisa ukusebenza futhi usebenzise izinguquko. Kwezinye izimo, uzodinga ukuqala kabusha isistimu yakho noma usebenzise indawo ye-WinPE edalwe isofthiwe ngokwayo.

Lezi zinhlelo zinikeza izinketho ezengeziwe indlela yokuhlanganisa isikhala esikhululwe ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFI nezinye izingxenye noma ukuguqula amadiski phakathi kwe-MBR ne-GPT ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa idatha.

Izinyathelo zokudala ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI kuWindows

Ezimweni eziningi, IWindows idala ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi sokufaka okuhlanzekile kudiski ye-GPT. Uma udinga ukuyidala kabusha ngemuva kokuyisusa ngephutha noma ukufaka isistimu kudiski entsha, landela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Qalisa i-PC kusuka kumidiya yokufaka iWindows (USB noma i-DVD) futhi, esikrinini sokuqala, cindezela Shift + F10 ukuvula i ngokushesha komyalo.
2. Finyelela ku-Diskpart bese ukhetha idiski ngemiyalo:
   diskpart
   uhlu disk
   khetha idiski X (eshintshanisa u-X nenombolo ehambisanayo)
3. Dala ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI nge: dala ukwahlukanisa usayizi we-efi=200 (lungisa usayizi uma ufuna)
4. Fometha ukwahlukanisa: fometha ngokushesha fs=fat32 ilebula=»System»
5. Faka i-bootloader:
   bcdboot C:\Windows/s S:/f UEFI (Shintsha uhlamvu ngokufanele futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ukhomba ku-Windows drive ngendlela efanele)

Ngemuva kwalezi zinyathelo, i-PC izokwazi ukuqalisa i-UEFI, inqobo nje uma uhlelo lokusebenza nezilungiselelo ze-firmware zikuvumela.

Kwenzekani uma ususa ngephutha ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI?

Ukususa ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI kudiski uhlelo lwakho oluncike kwizimbangela ikhompuyutha ayikwazi ukuqala iWindows. Ungase futhi ulahlekelwe ukufinyelela ezicini zokutakula, Imodi ephephile, nezinye izinsiza ezibalulekile.

Ngenhlanhla usengakwazi ukubuyisela ibhuthi ngokwakha ukwahlukanisa kwe-EFI entsha nokufaka kabusha amafayela e-boot, noma ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokutakula njenge Ukubuyiselwa Kwe-Wondershare, okukuvumela ukuthi uqalise ku-USB futhi ulondoloze amafayela abalulekile ngaphambi kokulungisa ukufaka kwakho kweWindows.

Izinyathelo ezilinganiselwe nge-software yokutakula kungaba:

• Landa futhi udale i-USB ebhuthayo kwenye ikhompyutha.
• Xhuma i-USB ku-PC ethintekile futhi ulungiselele i-BIOS/UEFI ukuze uqalise kuyo.
• Buyisa futhi ulondoloze idatha ebalulekile kwenye idrayivu yangaphandle ngaphambi kokuzama ukulungisa.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungawahlanganisa kanjani ama-partitions amabili ku-Windows 11 ngendlela ephephile futhi ephumelela kakhulu

Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.