Iyini i-WHQL ye-Microsoft futhi kungani ibalulekile kubashayeli bakho?

 

Uma usebenzisa iWindows, uthembele kakhulu ku- abashayeli abasayiniwe nabangasayiniwe kusukela kulokho okubonakalaLaba banesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhadi lakho lehluzo, i-motherboard, ama-peripherals, ngisho nezinhlelo eziningi zixhumana kahle nesistimu yokusebenza. Yilapho i-WHQL ye-Microsoft ingena khona, isifinyezo ozosibona sihlotshaniswa nabashayeli nehadiwe, kodwa cishe akekho ohluphayo ukuchaza ukuthi sisho ukuthini ngempela.

Isitifiketi se-WHQL (Windows Hardware Quality Labs) Luhlelo olusemthethweni lwe-Microsoft oluqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi noma umshayeli uhlolwe kahle futhi uziphatha ngendlela elindelekile ku-Windows. Akuyona nje ilebula elihle lokumaketha: linemiphumela eqondile ekuzinzeni, ukuphepha, i-Windows Update, ngisho nendlela abashayeli abathile abafakwa ngayo ohlelweni. Ake sikuchaze ngokuthula ngezibonelo ezisebenzayo.

Iyini i-WHQL ye-Microsoft futhi isetshenziselwani?

I-WHQL (Windows Hardware Quality Labs) inqubo esemthethweni yokuqinisekisa ye-Microsoft ukuhlola ukuthi idivayisi yehadiwe, i-peripheral noma isofthiwe yohlobo lomlawuli Isebenza kahle futhi izinzile ku-Windows. Umqondo ulula: uma umenzi ephumelela zonke izivivinyo ezidingwa yi-Microsoft, angenza okulandelayo:

• Bonisa ilogo ethi “Ihambisana ne-Windows” ebhokisini, kuwebhusayithi, kanye nezinto zokumaketha zemikhiqizo yabo.
• Kuvela ku-HCL (Uhlu Lokuhambisana Kwehadiwe) Kusukela ku-Microsoft, uhlu olusemthethweni lwehadiwe enconywayo neqinisekisiwe.
• Sabalalisa abashayeli bakho ngqo nge-Windows Update njengoba kunconyiwe abashayeli.

Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, iMicrosoft inikeza onjiniyela amakhithi athile okuhlola. yohlobo ngalunye lomkhiqizo. Lawa makhithi afaka amathuluzi azenzakalelayo, amabhethri okuhlola, kanye nezinqubo zokuzama namaphutha ezinemininingwane eminingi. Umgomo awukona nje ukuthola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, kodwa futhi ukuhlonza ngokunembile ukuthi yimaphi amaphutha avelayoyiziphi ezibhekwa njengezibalulekile nokuthi yiziphi ezingancikile ngokuphelele engxenyeni.

Empeleni, isitifiketi se-WHQL siyisiqinisekiso sokuhambisana nokusebenza kahle ne-Windows.Lokhu akusho ukuthi idivayisi engenayo i-WHQL imbi ngokwemvelo, kodwa kusho ukuthi leyo enophawu ihlolwe kabusha yi-Microsoft futhi ihlanganiswe nezinhlelo zayo zokuqinisekisa nokubuyekeza.

Indlela inqubo yesitifiketi se-WHQL esebenza ngayo

Inhliziyo yobuchwepheshe yohlelo lwe-WHQL yizikhithi zokuhlola ihadiwe ze-Microsoftezishintshe amagama futhi zashintsha eminyakeni edlule. Njengamanje, okubhekiselwa kukho kakhulu Ikhithi Yelebhu Yehadiwe Ye-Windows (HLK), indlalifa yamathuluzi angaphambilini njenge-HCK (Hardware Certification Kit).

Ukuze aqinisekise umshayeli noma idivayisi, unjiniyela kufanele alandele uchungechunge lwezinyathelo eziqinile impela.:

1. Hlola isilawuli nge-HLK/HCK ezinguqulweni zeWindows eziqondiwe. Ngemva kokufaka ikhithi endaweni yokuhlola, Umphathi Wokuhlola Umshayeli (DTM) ukusebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo wonke amabhethri okuhlola afanele aleyo divayisi (ihluzo, inethiwekhi, umsindo, i-chipset, njll.).
2. Qinisekisa ukuthi iphakheji yomshayeli ihambisana nezindinganiso zokuhambisana neWindowsLokhu kufaka phakathi indlela ifayela le-INF elifakwa ngayo, indlela elisingatha ngayo amaphutha, indlela eliziphatha ngayo lapho ulele/ulele, lokho elikwenzayo ngememori yesistimu, njll.
3. Thumela amalogi okuhlola (amalogi e-DTM) kuMicrosoft ngezinsizakalo zokuthumela eziku-inthanethi, ezaziwa ngokomlando ngokuthi Amasevisi E-inthanethi Ekhwalithi Ye-Windows (i-Winqual) futhi namuhla ziphathwa ngokusebenzisa Isikhungo Sonjiniyela Behadiwe (HDC) kanye namaphothali e-Microsoft amanje.

Uma iMicrosoft iqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izivivinyo ezibucayi ziphumelele, ivumela “Isiginesha sokushicilela se-WHQL”Lokhu kusayina kuvela ku- ifayela lekhathalogi elisayinwe ngedijithali (.cat) okuhambisana nomlawuli. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi:

• Isiginesha se-WHQL AYISHINTSHI ama-binary omshayeli. noma ifayela le-INF elithunyelwe ngumenzi.
• Okusayinwayo yikhathalogi ebala amafayela kuphakheji yomshayeli., ukuzihlanganisa ne-cryptographic hash kanye nokuqinisekiswa okwenziwe yi-Microsoft.

Uma seyisayiniwe, lelo phakheji lomshayeli lingasatshalaliswa nge I-Windows Update, ingafakwa ezithombeni ze-Windows OEM noma ilandwe kusuka ku-portal ye-Microsoft uqobo njengomshayeli onconywayo waleyo divayisi.

Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka ekuhlolweni kwe-WHQL, unjiniyela uthola umbiko wephutha ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esivame ukuba khona izinsuku ezintathu Kusukela ngesikhathi izinto ezitholwa ngaso (ku-hardware ebonakalayo noma kuma-binary esofthiwe). Ngalowo mbiko, ungalungisa izinkinga bese uphinda wonke umjikelezo izikhathi eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka kuze kube yilapho izidingo zihlangatshezwa.

Isiginesha se-WHQL kanye nesiginesha sobufakazi: ukuthi ziyini nokuthi zihluke kanjani

Ngaphezu kwesiginesha "yokushicilela" ye-WHQL, i-Microsoft inikeza umuntu ophakathi. iwusizo kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa: i Isiginesha yokuhlolwa kwe-WHQLUmsebenzi wayo ulula: ukuvumela faka futhi uhlole abalawuli ezindaweni zokuhlola abangakaqedi isitifiketi sokugcina.

Uhlelo "lokusayina ukuhlolwa" lwe-WHQL ivumela i- abakhiqizi behadiwe abazimele (i-IHD) thumela amaphakheji omshayeli ukuze asayinwe ngezinjongo zokuhlola kuphelaNgalesi siginesha:

• Uhlelo lubona umshayeli njengosayiniwe, kodwa Akubhekwe njengesitifiketi sokugcina se-WHQL..
• Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kukhawulelwe ekuhlolweni kwemishini eqalwa ngemodi ekhethekile "yokusayina"..

Ukufaka umshayeli wokuhlola oqinisekisiwe yi-WHQL emshinini wokuhlolaKunezinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile:

1. khubaza i ibhuthini I-Boot Evikelekile ku-UEFINgemva kokumisa i-BitLocker okokuqala uma isebenza kudiski yesistimu, ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga zokubethela. Lokhu kwenziwa kusukela kuzilungiselelo ze-firmware yekhompyutha.
2. Nika amandla inketho yokuqalisa ye-Windows ethi “testsigning”A ngokushesha komyalo ngamalungelo okuphatha kanye nokusebenza:
   bcdedit /set testsigning on
shutdown /r /t 00
3. Qala kabusha isistimuNgemva kokuqala kabusha, iWindows izobonisa uphawu lwe-watermark ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla olubonisa imodi yesilingoUkuhlela nokuhlanganisa ama-Windows.
4. Faka umshayeli osayinwe ukuhlolwa kulandiwe kusuka ku- Isikhungo Sonjiniyela Wehadiwe (i-HDC) noma ipulatifomu esetshenziswa umenzi.

Ngesikhathi ikhompyutha ikwimodi yokusayina, iWindows yamukela amasignesha avela ku-Microsoft test root entityLokhu kuvumela abathuthukisi ukuthi balungise amaphutha, baphrofayili, futhi bahlole abashayeli babo ezimweni eziseduze kakhulu nendawo yangempela ngaphambi kokuthatha isinyathelo sokugcina sokukhishwa.

Ukucela isiginesha yokuhlolwa kwe-WHQLI-Microsoft ibilokhu igcina iziteshi ezithile njenge-imeyili. winqual@microsoft.com, icela ukuthi kuboniswe "Isiginesha sobufakazi" kumugqa wesihloko, yize namuhla okuningi kwalokhu kuphathwa kudluliselwa ngamaphothali e-Windows Hardware ecosystem amanje.

Kusho ukuthini isitifiketi se-WHQL kubalawuli?

Esimweni esithile sabashayeli, isitifiketi se-WHQL sihlobene kakhulu nokusayina kwedijithali kanye nokuphepha.I-Microsoft isebenzisa i- uhlelo lokusayina abashayeli lapho ama-OEM nabakhiqizi bengathumela khona amaphakheji abo okushayela ukuze kuhlolwe i-HLK/HCK efanele.

Uma abashayeli bephumelela zonke izivivinyo, bathola isiginesha se-WHQL bese bebhekwa "njengabanconywayo" uhlelo.Lokhu kunemiphumela eminingana esebenzayo:

• Isibuyekezo se-Windows singazisabalalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo. kubasebenzisi njengabalawuli abaqinisekisiwe.
• Uhlelo ngeke lubonise izixwayiso ezinolaka ngesikhathi sokufakwa, njengoba ibona ukuthi umshayeli usayinwe yi-Microsoft.
• Ingozi yokungqubuzana nabanye abashayeli noma ne-kernel uqobo iyancipha.ngoba badlule ezimweni ezicindezelayo nezihambisanayo.

Nokho, iMicrosoft icacile ezixwayisweni zayo: akukhuthazwa ukufaka abashayeli abangasayiniwe yi-WHQL.Isizathu sisobala: ngaphandle kwalowo mqondiso, uhlelo alukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umshayeli uyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zalo zekhwalithi, noma ukuthi ngeke lubangele ukungazinzi, izikrini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma izinkinga zokuphepha.

Nokho, iqiniso lemakethe liyinkimbinkimbi kancane.Kunezinkampani eziningi, ngenxa yesivinini sokuqalisa noma izindleko, ezithi, ngenxa yesivinini sokuqalisa noma izindleko, Abaqinisekisi zonke izinhlobo zabo zomshayeli ngaphansi kwe-WHQLLokho akusho ukuthi labo bashayeli banamaphutha noma abahambisani; ezimweni eziningi basebenza kahle kakhulu ku-Windows futhi, empeleni, bavame ukufika ngaphambi kwabashayeli babo abaqinisekisiwe.

Uma kufakwa umshayeli ongasayiniwe, iWindows ivame ukubonisa izexwayiso futhi ivimbele ukufakwa kwayo ngokuzenzakalelayo.Kunjalo nje ukuze kugwenywe izingozi. Kungenzeka ukuphoqa ukufakwa ngokukhubaza izidingo zokusayina umshayeli, kodwa lokho kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma uthemba ngokugcwele umthombo womshayeliisibonelo lapho i-ascargas Landa inguqulo ye-beta ngqo kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi, bese uyihlola kuqala nge- umyalo we-driverquery.

Abashayeli be-WHQL vs. Game Ready, BETA kanye ne-HOTFIX

Ezweni lamakhadi ehluzo kanye nemidlalo, isifinyezo se-WHQL sihambisana nezinye amalebula ezentengiselwano. okungadida umsebenzisi kakhulu: Game Ready, Umdlalo uvuliwe, BETA, I-HOTFIX, Umshayeli Wesitudiyonjll. Ngayinye ihlose ibhalansi ehlukile phakathi kokuzinza, ukusebenza, kanye nesivinini sokubuyekeza.

Abashayeli be-WHQL kulokhu bavame ukubhekwa njengegatsha "elizinzile"Laba ngabashayeli, ngaphezu kokulungiswa kwemidlalo, abaphumelele inqubo yokuqinisekiswa kweMicrosoft. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ezivame ukugqanyiswa yilezi:

• Ukuqina: akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele ukuphahlazeka noma izingxabano ezinkulu.
• Ukuhambisana: ihlolwe ngezinguqulo ezahlukene ze-Windows kanye nokuhlelwa okuningi kwehadiwe.
• UkuphephaIsiginesha se-WHQL sinikeza ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe kokuthi umshayeli akanayo ikhodi enonya noma ubuthakathaka obusobala.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abashayeli be-BETA bayizinguqulo zokuqala. ezikhishwa ukuze abasebenzisi abathuthukile bazizame Izici ezintsha, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza, kanye nokulungiswa kwamaphutha ngaphambi kokuzihlanganisa egatsheni elizinzile. Ngokuvamile:

• Zihlanganisa ukulungiswa okuqondile kwemidlalo esanda kukhishwa noma ngezici ezintsha (ukulandelela imisebe, izandiso ezintsha ze-API, njll.).
• Zingase zibe namaphutha noma ukuziphatha okungazinzilengoba nje basesivivinyweni.
• Bafuna impendulo yomsebenzisi ukulungisa izinkinga ngaphambi kokuguqula lezo zithuthukisi zibe yi-WHQL noma i-Game Ready driver.

Abashayeli be-HOTFIX bayisigaba esicacile nakakhulu.Leli gama lisetshenziswa kakhulu I-NVIDIA ukuqoka izibuyekezo eziphuthumayo Lawa ma-patches alungisa izinkinga ezithile ezitholakale kunguqulo yamanje yomshayeli (isibonelo, ukuphahlazeka komdlalo omusha, iphutha elikhulu lehluzo, noma ukuhlehla kokusebenza). Izici zawo ezibalulekile yilezi:

• Balungisa inkinga eyodwa noma ezimbalwa eziqondile kakhulu., akukho okunye.
• Zishicilelwa ngokushesha okukhulungaphandle kokulinda umjikelezo omkhulu olandelayo womshayeli.
• Akuzona izithasiselo zesikhathi eside zabashayeli be-WHQL noma be-Game Ready.: ngokuvamile zihlanganiswa kamuva zibe yinguqulo evamile eqinile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi abanjengoNVIDIA kanye Intel Abashayeli be-“Game Ready” noma “Game On” bashicilelwe kuvumelaniswe nokukhishwa kwemidlalo emikhulu noma izibuyekezo ezinkulu zezihloko ezidumile. Iphuzu elifanele lapha ukuthi Laba bashayeli be-“Ready” kanye ne-“Game On” bavame ukuba yizinguqulo eziqinisekisiwe ze-WHQLNgakho-ke bahlanganisa ukulungiswa kwemidlalo nophawu lokuhambisana lweMicrosoft.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi lobuchwepheshe, sinamaphakheji afana ne-NVIDIA Studio Driver, i-AMD Radeon Pro, noma i-Intel ARC Pro.Lawa ma-driver aklanyelwe izindawo zokusebenza kanye nokudalwa kokuqukethwe noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-CAD.

• Babeka phambili ukuzinza nokuqinisekiswa ngesofthiwe yobungcweti. (ukuhlela ividiyo, i-3D, i-CAD, njll.) ngaphezu kokuhlala une-optimization yakamuva yemidlalo.
• Banemijikelezo yokuvuselela ebanzi kakhulu (izinyanga noma amakota) futhi kugxilwe ekuqinisekisweni ngezicelo ezithile.
• Ezimweni eziningi banesitifiketi se-WHQLkodwa umyalezo wayo wokumaketha ugxile ku ukuthembeka ezindaweni zomsebenzi.

I-WHQL isetshenziswa kuhadiwe: amabhodi e-motherboard, ama-GPU, namanye amadivayisi

Isitifiketi se-WHQL asikhawulelwe kubashayeli ngabanyeKusebenza futhi ekuhlanganisweni okuphelele kwehadiwe, njengebhodi lomama noma amadivayisi ahlanganisiwe. Isibonelo esivamile yileso se Amabhodi omama ahambisana ngokusemthethweni neWindows 10.

Abakhiqizi abanjengo-ASUS babelindele ukufika kwe-Windows 10 amapuleti okuqinisekisa njengoba I-ASUS Z97-A noma i I-TUF Trooper B85 nge-WHQL. Kusho ukuthini lokhu empeleni?

• Isiqinisekiso sokusebenza kahle kwebhodi lomama ngeWindows 10 ezicini ezibalulekile njengokuphathwa kwamandla, ukulala, ukuphumula, i-UEFI/BIOS, amabhasi e-PCIe, njll.
• Ukuhambisana okugcwele nobuchwepheshe besistimu yokusebenza, isibonelo nge I-DirectX 12, okwenza i-GPU isetshenziswe kangcono ngokusebenzisa imigqa engahambisani, ukuhlanganisa imidwebo eminingi, ukubala kanye namakhophi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kahle kwezinsiza.
• Kwenza kube lula ngeWindows ukubona wonke amadivayisi ahlanganisiwe ebhodini lomama. (umsindo, inethiwekhi, USB, i-SATA, njll.) usebenzisa abashayeli be-WHQL kusukela ekuqaleni kokuqala noma nge-Windows Update.

Endabeni ye-ASUS, kwakukhulunywa ngamabhodi omama angaphezu kuka-200. ngama-chipset e-Intel asukela ku-H61 kuya ku-X99 kanye nama-chipset e-AMD asukela ku-A55 kuya ku-990FX, kanye nezixazululo ezahlukene ze-SoC, ezazisenqubweni yokuthola isitifiketi se-WHQL se-Windows 10. Umgomo wawulula: ukuvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi Yakha i-PC futhi ube nokuhambisana okugcwele nobuchwepheshe bamuva be-Microsoft ngaphandle kwekhanda elibuhlungu.

Lo mqondo udlulela kumakhadi wehluzo, amakhadi omsindo, amadivayisi e-USB athuthukile, nokunye okuningi.Uma ubona noma yikuphi ukubhekisela kokuthi "kuqinisekiswe yi-WHQL" ezicacisweni zobuchwepheshe zenguqulo ethile ye-Windows, kusho ukuthi leyo ngxenye iqinisekiswe yi-WHQL. Idlule yonke inqubo yokuhlola nokuhlanganisa iMicrosoft.

I-WHQL, ukuphepha, kanye nokulayisha komshayeli ku-Windows

Ithonya le-WHQL liyabonakala ngisho nasezindaweni zokuphepha ze-Windows ezithuthukisiweIsibonelo esithakazelisayo sivela ekusetshenzisweni kwe- Unogada Wobuqotho Bekhodi (CIG) ngezinqubo ezifana i-ai.exe y i-aimgr.exe kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zedeskithophu ze I-Microsoft 365.

I-CIG iqinisekisa ukuthi imitapo yolwazi ye-DLL kuphela esayinwe ngedijithali yi-Microsoft iyalayishwa. Kulezi zinqubo, i-WHQL isetshenziselwa ukuqinisa uhlelo ekufakweni kwekhodi enonya noma emitatsheni yezincwadi. Yilapho i-WHQL ingena khona ngoba:

• I-Windows iqaphela izisayini ze-Windows Hardware Quality Labs njengezivumelekile phakathi kwezisayini ze-Microsoft ezamukelwe yi-Code Integrity Guard.
• Abashayeli nama-DLL avunyelwe yi-WHQL angalayishwa kulezo zinqubo ezivikelwe., kuyilapho noma iyiphi i-DLL engasayinwanga yi-Microsoft ibangela ukuthi iMemori Manager ibuyisele iphutha I-STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_HASH (0xC0000428) futhi kungenzeka ibonise ibhokisi lengxoxo yephutha kumsebenzisi.

Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi i-WHQL isebenza njengesihlungi sokuphepha esengeziwe. kwezinye zezinqubo ezibucayi kakhulu ze-Microsoft 365 ecosystem kanye nesistimu yokusebenza uqobo. Akwanele ukuthi umshayeli asebenze nje; kumele asayinwe kahle futhi avele emthonjeni iWindows ewubona njengothembekile.

Yingakho iMicrosoft isayina ngedijithali wonke amafayela e-DLL ukuthi ilindele ukuthi i-ai.exe kanye ne-aimgr.exe zilayishwe. futhi kukwenza kucace ukuthi Ama-DLL angasayiniwe akufanele afakwe kulezo zinqubo. I-WHQL, njengengxenye yochungechunge lokwethenjwa, isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abalawuli abasemthethweni kuphela abayingxenye yaleyo ndawo.

Izici zamaphakheji omshayeli we-WHQL

Amaphakheji omshayeli asatshalaliswa ngeziteshi ze-WHQL kanye nalawo afakiwe "ngaphandle kwebhokisi" ku-Windows Azihlali ziqukethe izingxenye ezifanayo ncamashi nesifaki esiphelele esinikezwe umenzi kuwebhusayithi yakhe.

Isibonelo, ku-Windows Vista kanye nezinguqulo zakamuva, amaphakheji omshayeli afika ebhokisini noma esithombeni sesistimu. ngokuvamile susa izinkomba ku- izingxenye ezengeziwe zezentengiselwano okuvame ukubonwa emaphaketheni ezentengiselwano:

• Amafayela amabili aqondene namathuluzi okuphatha noma amaphaneli okulawula athuthukile.
• Izinsizakalo zangemuva zabahlali zengezwe ngumenzi.
• Okufakiwe kwelogi okuhlobene namamojula okubhaliselwe, i-telemetry, noma izinsiza ezisizayo.
• Ama-plugin e-OpenGL ancike kuma-ICD angokwawo (Abashayeli Bamakhasimende Abangafakwa), izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlola ihadiwe, njll.

I-Microsoft ayikwazi ukubhala izibonelo ezithile ngoba ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kumthengisi oyedwa kuya komunye.Kodwa isincomo esijwayelekile sicacile: Amaphakheji "ohlelo" lwe-WHQL akufanele afake izinkomba zezingxenye ezengeziwe zezentengiselwano ezingadingeki ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni okuyisisekelo kwedivayisi ku-Windows.

Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani ngezinye izikhathi umshayeli ofakwa yi-Windows Update "uhlanzekile" futhi ulula. kunaleyo oyilanda kuwebhusayithi yomenzi. Eyokuqala ivame ukuqukethe izinto ezibalulekile ukuze uhlelo lukwazi ukubona idivayisi futhi lusebenze kahle; eyesibili ingeza izinsiza, amaphaneli okucushwa, kanye nezinsizakalo ezengeziwe, ezingase zibe usizo kuwe noma zingase zingabi usizo kuwe, kodwa ezingeyona ingxenye yesitifiketi esiqinile se-WHQL.

I-WHQL ye-Microsoft ingaphezu nje kwelogo ebhokisini lezinto.Kuwuchungechunge lwezivivinyo, ukusayina kwedijithali, ukuhlolwa kokuphepha, kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanganisa ezithinta ngqo indlela abashayeli nehadiwe ezifakwa futhi ziziphatha ngayo ku-Windows. Ukuqonda ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu kufakwa, ukuthi ukusayina kokuhlola kuhluke kanjani kusignesha yokukhishwa, nokuthi kuhambisana kanjani nemibono efana ne-Game Ready, i-BETA, noma i-HOTFIX, kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa lapho ukhetha abashayeli nezingxenye zekhompyutha yakho, ukulinganisela ukusebenza, ukuzinza, kanye nokuphepha ngokwezidingo zakho zangempela.