Isifundo esiphelele ku-Windows Boot Manager, i-BIOS, i-UEFI kanye ne-BCD

Uma usebenzisa iWindows nsuku zonke, kuzomele ubhekane nobunzima nayo ngokushesha noma kamuva. ukuqaliswa kwesistimu, I-BIOS kanye ne-UEFI kanye ne-Windows Boot Manager edumileKungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukufaka iWindows kusuka kudrayivu ye-USB, ukuqala kabusha kusuka kwenye idiski, ukusetha uhlelo olunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, noma ukulungisa iphutha lokuqalisa, ukuqonda ukuthi konke lokhu kusebenza kanjani kungakusindisa ezinkingeni eziningi.

Kulesi sifundo uzothola incazelo ephelele ye yini I-Windows Boot Managerukuthi ihlobene kanjani ne-BIOS ne-UEFILo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa indlela yokushintsha uhlelo lokuqalisa, indlela yokudala okufakiwe kokuqalisa ngokwezifiso nge-BCDEdit, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, indlela yokulungisa amaphutha avamile uma i-Windows ingaqali. Umgomo uwukuba ukwazi ukulandela ngejubane lakho, ngaphandle kolimi lobuchwepheshe olungadingekile, kodwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimiphi imininingwane ebalulekile.

Iyini i-Windows Boot Manager futhi kungani ibaluleke kangaka?

Uma uvula ikhompyutha yakho, akuyona iWindows evele ivele ngokuzumayo: ngaphambi kwalokho, uhlelo oluncane olubizwa ngokuthi Umphathi we-Windows BootInesibopho sokuthola uhlelo lokusebenza kudiski nokululayisha kahle kwimemori.

Ezinhlelweni zesimanje, lo mphathi we-boot uthembele ezingxenyeni eziningana ezibalulekile njenge I-MBR (i-Master Boot Record) noma i- Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-EFIKuye ngokuthi usebenzisa i-BIOS yakudala noma i-UEFI, uma noma yiziphi zalezi zingxenye zehluleka, ikhompyutha ingase ibhajwe esikrinini esimnyama, iqalise kabusha ngendlela ejikelezayo, noma ibonise imiyalezo yamaphutha ekhombisa ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza alutholakali noma ukuthi umphathi wokuqalisa wehlulekile.

Ngaphezu kokuqala iWindows ngokujwayelekile, umphathi we-boot angabonisa futhi imenyu enezingeniso eziningana zokuqala (isibonelo, iWindows, iLinux, izindawo ezahlukene zokulungisa amaphutha, njll.). Ngemuva kwaleyo menyu kukhona Isitolo se-BCD, egcina konke ukucushwa kwe-boot.

I-BIOS, i-UEFI kanye ne-oda lokuqalisa: indlela yokuqalisa kusuka ku-USB noma idiski yangaphandle

Emishinini emidala kancane, inkampani entsha ilawulwa nge- I-BIOS yakudala, kanti emaqenjini amanje cishe konke manje kuncike ku- I-UEFI (I-Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)Zombili izinhlelo zikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe i-oda lokuqalisa, kodwa indlela yokuzifinyelela kanye nezinketho ezibonisayo azifani ncamashi.

Uma ushintsha i-oda lokuqalisa ku-BIOS noma ku-UEFI, empeleni utshela ikhompyutha ukuthi indawo yokuqala okufanele uyibheke umphathi we-boot Yidivayisi oyicacisile. Uma ubeka idrayivu ye-USB phambi kwe-hard drive, i-PC izoqala kusukela kuleyo drayivu ye-USB inqobo nje uma ixhunyiwe futhi iqala ukusebenza.

Indlela yokusetha i-BIOS ukuze iqalise kusuka ku-USB ku-Windows 10

Kuma-PC amaningi avamile, uma ikhompyutha ivuliwe, okulandelayo kuvela imizuzwana embalwa: Isibonisi somkhiqizi (ilogo ye-Asus, MSI, HP, Dell, njll.)Leso sikrini cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi sibonisa ukhiye okudingeka uwucindezele ukuze ufake i-BIOS noma imenyu yokuqalisa.

Izihluthulelo ezivame kakhulu zokufinyelela i-BIOS yilezi: I-DEL, F2, F8, F12 noma i-ESCNakuba kungahluka kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo. Ngokuvamile, kufanele uzame i-DEL ne-F2 kuqala; uma kungenjalo, bheka eduze isikrini sokuqala sokuqalisa, lapho umlayezo ofana nokuthi "Cindezela i-F2 ukuze ufake i-Setup" uvame ukuvela khona.

Uma usungene kwi-BIOS, uzoba namathebhu amaningana; leso esinesithakazelo kuso cishe sibizwa njalo ngokuthi "Qalisa" noma "Qalisa kabusha"Lapho uzobona uhlu olunezinketho ezahlukene zokuqalisa: i-hard drive yangaphakathi, ama-USB drive, i-DVD, ngezinye izikhathi ama-network drive (PXE) kanye namadivayisi engeziwe.

Ukuze ushintshe i-oda, ngokuvamile ukhetha idivayisi (isibonelo, Windows 10 ukufaka i-USB) bese usebenzisa izinkinobho eziboniswe esikrinini, ezivame ukuba yi-+ kanye ne-− noma i-F5/F6, ukuze uyinyuse ize ibe ngowokuqala ohlwini. I-BIOS ngayinye ibonisa imiyalelo phansi noma ohlangothini.

Uma usuqedile, kubalulekile ukulondoloza izinguquko zakho. Cishe wonke ama-BIOS asebenzisa ukhiye F10 ukuze ulondoloze futhi uphumeNgokwenza kanjalo, ikhompyutha izoqala kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi, uma idrayivu ye-USB iqalisa ukusebenza, uhlelo ngeke lusaqala kusukela ku-hard drive, kodwa kusukela kuleyo drayivu ye-USB oyibeke njengento eza kuqala.

Ukusetha i-UEFI kanye ne-Windows Boot Manager kumakhompyutha anamuhla

Kumadivayisi akamuva ane-UEFI, yize umqondo ufana, indlela yokufinyelela izilungiselelo ishintsha kancane. Esikhundleni sokucindezela ngokushesha okhiye ekuqaleni, ungafinyelela ku- Ukucushwa kwe-firmware ye-UEFI ngqo kusuka ku-Windows 10, usebenzisa izinketho zokuqalisa ezithuthukisiwe.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, yiya ku Ikhaya> AmasethingiIya esigabeni esithi "Ukubuyekeza Nokuphepha" bese, kumenyu engakwesobunxele, khetha "Ukubuyisela". Esigabeni esithi "Ukuqalisa Okuthuthukisiwe", uzothola inkinobho ethi "Qala Kabusha Manje"; ukuchofoza kuyo ngeke kuqalise kabusha iWindows ngokujwayelekile, kodwa kuzoyifaka endaweni ekhethekile yokutakula.

Kuleyo ndawo, uzobona isikrini esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esinezinketho eziningana. Okudingeka ukwenze ukuya ku- “Ukuxazulula Izinkinga” > “Izinketho Ezithuthukisiwe” Bese, ngaphakathi kwaleyo menyu, funa “Izilungiselelo ze-UEFI Firmware.” Ukukhetha le nketho bese uchofoza okuthi “Qala kabusha” kuzovala uhlelo bese kuvula ngqo ku-interface ye-UEFI yebhodi lakho le-motherboard.

Ukubukeka kwe-UEFI kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngomkhiqizi, kodwa cishe konke kuhlanganisa isigaba sokuphatha i-oda lokuqalisa kanye ne-Windows Boot Manager uqoboUzovame ukubona okufakiwe okubizwa ngokuthi “i-Windows Boot Manager”, okuhlobene nedrayivu lapho iWindows ifakiwe khona, ngaphezu kokufakiwe okungenzeka kwe-USB, ama-DVD namanye amadrayivu.

Ukuze ushintshe i-oda, ngokuvamile unesigaba esithi "Boot" noma into efanayo lapho inketho ngayinye yokuqalisa ibhalwe khona; kufanele nje ubeke idivayisi oyifunayo ngaphezu kwe-Windows Boot Manager Uma ufuna ukuqala kusukela kuyo (isibonelo, ukufaka noma ukulungisa idrayivu ye-USB). Kwezinye izimo, ukhetha ngqo “Umphathi We-Boot” bese, ngaphakathi kwayo, ukhetha ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi ozoyisebenzisela ukuqala okulandelayo.

Ukushintsha okuningi kwemishini yokuqalisa kanye nokuqala ngezinhlelo eziningi

Abasebenzisi abaningi bakhetha ukuba nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kwi-PC efanayo, isibonelo amasistimu wokusebenza amaningiIsibonelo, i-Windows 10 kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux noma olunye uhlobo lwe-Windows. Kulezi zimo, uma uvula ikhompyutha, imenyu yokuqalisa ivame ukuvela ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ukuthi iyiphi isistimu yokusebenza ozoyilayisha.

Leyo menyu, uma sikhuluma ngokufakwa okuningana kweWindows kuma-partitions noma kuma-disk ahlukene, iphathwa yi- Isitolo se-BCD kanye ne-Windows Boot ManagerUkusuka lapho uchaza uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo, ukuthi imenyu iboniswa isikhathi esingakanani, kanye nohlelo oluvela ngalo okufakiwe okuhlukile; uma udinga ukulungisa isikhathi semenyu, ungabona ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani ku isikhathi sokulinda imenyu yokuqalisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho okungenziwa kusuka ku-BIOS noma ku-UEFI ezingeni elingokomzimba (ukukhetha idiski noma idivayisi), ngaphakathi kwe-Windows uqobo unethuba lokuthi shintsha ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo oluzolayisha ngokuzenzakalelayo uma uqala kusuka ku-hard drive eyinhloko. Lokhu kuyasiza uma, isibonelo, une-Windows eyodwa yokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kanye nenye yokuhlolwa noma umsebenzi webhubhu.

Umgomo wesistimu ye-multiboot elungiselelwe kahle ukuthi, ngaphandle kokudinga amakhompyutha amaningiUngashintsha indawo okuyo kuye ngokuthi yini oyidingayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kungaba ngomsebenzi, ukuhlolwa, ukuthuthukiswa, noma nje ukuze uthole induduzo.

Qala futhi ulungise ama-Windows kusuka ku-CMD console

Awukwazi ukuthembela njalo ku-Windows graphical interface ukuze uxazulule izinkinga zokuqalisa. Uma uhlelo luphahlazeka, kuzodingeka usebenzise... I-Command Prompt (CMD) kusuka endaweni yokutakula ukulungisa amafayela alimele noma ukwakha kabusha ukucushwa kwe-boot.

Kusukela ku-CMD, usebenzisa amathuluzi afanele, kungenzeka ukuthola ukuthi yini ehlulekayo bese usebenzisa imiyalo ethile ku- Lungisa i-MBR, yakha kabusha i-BCD, lungisa imikhakha yokuqalisa noma hlola amadiskiLe miyalo ivame ukuba ngqo kakhulu futhi inikeza imiyalezo yamaphutha ecacile kune-interface yesithombe.

Ukusebenzisa umyalo wesinyathelo kuwusizo kakhulu uma i-PC yakho ibhajwa ezinkingeni zokulungisa okuzenzakalelayo, iqina esikrinini esimnyama, noma uma kuqinisekisiwe Amathuluzi okubuyisa ihluzo ahluleka ukuqeda ukulungisaUkuqonda okuyisisekelo nge-CMD kanye nezinsiza eziqalayo kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuphila.

Uma ubona ukuthi ikhompyutha iqala ukungasebenzi kahle, ivala ngokuzumayo, noma ikhombisa izikrini ezingajwayelekile ekuqaleni, kuyalulekwa ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga. isibuyekezo esivela ku-CMD Ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngaleyo ndlela ungakwazi thola amaphutha ediski noma ukucushwa ngaphambi kokuba ziphenduke ukwehluleka okuphelele kwe-boot.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile e-Windows Boot Manager kanye nezimbangela zawo eziyinhloko

Uma umphathi we-boot we-Windows ehluleka, uzovame ukuhlangana nemiyalezo yamaphutha esikrinini noma, kwezinye izimo, uhlelo luzovele luqine. nginamathele esikrinini esimnyama futhi angikwazi ukuqhubekaNgemuva kwalokhu kwehluleka cishe njalo kunezinkinga ezithile ezingabonakala.

Esinye sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ukuthi I-MBR (Qopha i-Master Boot) yonakele noma yonakeleI-MBR iyisakhiwo esitholakala esigabeni sokuqala sediski esibonisa ukuthi izingxenye zitholakala kuphi nokuthi uhlelo kufanele luqale kanjani. Uma leli bhulokhi elincane lonakala, umphathi webhuthi angase ayeke ukusebenza.

Kungase kube nenkinga engokomzimba, njenge- ikhebula le-hard drive lonakele noma lixhunywe ngendlela engafaneleUma uhlelo lungakwazi ukufunda kahle idiski lapho kufakwe khona iWindows, umphathi we-boot ngeke akwazi ukufinyelela amafayela adingekayo ukuqala uhlelo lokusebenza.

Esinye isici esivamile sezinkinga yi- ukuvalwa okungafanele noma ukucima kukagesi ngokuzumayoUma ikhompyutha ivala ngenkathi ibhalela idiski, kulula kakhulu ukuthi amafayela athile esistimu onakale, okuhlanganisa nalawo ahlobene nokuqalisa kabusha.

Ekugcineni, ngezinye izikhathi ukwehluleka kuvela ku- ingxenye yehadiwe engekho, efakwe ngendlela engafanele, noma enephuthaIzici ezifana nemojuli ye-RAM enephutha, idrayivu entsha engalungiselelwanga kahle, noma isibuyekezo se-firmware esingaphelele kungavimbela umphathi we-boot ekutholeni nasekulayisheni i-Windows ngendlela efanele.

Izixazululo ezisebenzayo lapho i-Windows Boot Manager yehluleka ukuqala

Uma izimbangela ezingaba khona sezitholiwe, sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukusebenza. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuxazulula le nkinga. ukubuyisa umphathi we-boot we-Windows ekuphileni futhi uqalise uhlelo ngendlela evamile. Kungcono ukuqala ngengozi encane bese uyandisa kancane kancane, uqhubeke njalo ngokuqapha.

Phakathi kwezixazululo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu yilezi: Yakha kabusha i-MBR, lungisa umphathi we-boot nge-Bootrec.exe, bese uhlela ukucushwa kwe-BCD nge-BCDEdit. Okokugcina, buyekeza i-BIOS noma i-UEFI uma kudingeka. Ezinhlelweni ezonakele kakhulu, amathuluzi akhethekile avela eceleni nawo angasiza.

Yakha kabusha i-MBR (i-Master Boot Record)

Uma inkinga iku-MBR, esinye sezixazululo eziqondile kakhulu yi- phinde wakhe kabusha ukuze ufake inguqulo eyonakele entsha esikhundleni sayoLokhu kungenziwa ngamathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle kanye nezinsiza ze-Windows ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphatha ukwahlukanisa njenge-EaseUS Partition Master zifaka umsebenzi othize we ukulungisa noma ukwakha kabusha i-MBR ye-hard driveZiwusizo uma ukhetha isikhombikubona sezithombe kanye nenqubo eqondiswa kakhulu esikhundleni sokubhekana nemiyalo esetshenziswa ngesandla evela ku-console.

Ngalezi zinhlobo zamathuluzi, inqubo ivame ukuhilela dala idiski yokuqalisa ye-WinPE noma i-USBKulolu hlelo, uqala kabusha i-PC yakho, ukhethe idiski enenkinga, bese usebenzisa inketho ethi "Yakha kabusha i-MBR". Uhlelo bese lubhala irekhodi elisha eliyinhloko lokuqalisa elihambisana nenguqulo yakho ye-Windows.

Enye indlela ukusebenzisa imiyalo ye-Windows ngqo, njenge-Diskpart ne-Bootrec, yize lokhu kudinga ukujwayelana nomugqa womyalo. Noma kunjalo, amathuluzi afana ne-EaseUS enza inqubo ibe lula futhi avumele abasebenzisi abangenalo ulwazi oluningi ukuthi bayisebenzise. ingabuyisa uhlelo olungeke luqale ngaphandle kokungena ezintweni eziningi zobuchwepheshe.

Lungisa i-Boot Manager nge-Bootrec.exe

Uma ukwehluleka kuhlobene nomphathi we-boot uqobo, ngaphezu kwe-MBR, ikhambi elinamandla kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-utility I-Bootrec.exe evela ku-Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE)Leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi ulungise kokubili i-MBR kanye nomkhakha wokuqalisa kanye nesitolo se-BCD.

Ukuze uyisebenzise, ​​​​udinga ukuqala ikhompyutha yakho nge- Imidiya yokufaka iWindows (i-USB noma i-DVD)Uma uqala kusukela kuleyo ndlela, esikrinini sokuqala ukhetha ulimi, ifomethi yesikhathi kanye nokwakheka kwekhibhodi, bese esikhundleni sokufaka ukhetha inketho ethi “Lungisa ikhompyutha yakho”.

Ngaphakathi kwendawo yokulungisa, iya ku- “Ukuxazulula Izinkinga” > “Izinketho Ezithuthukisiwe” > “I-Command Prompt”Kuzovuleka iwindi le-command prompt elinamalungelo aphezulu, lapho ungaqala khona i-Bootrec.

Imiyalo ebalulekile okufanele uyazi yile: bootrec.exe / fixmbr ukubhala kabusha i-MBR, bootrec.exe / fixboot ukulungisa umkhakha wokuqala kanye bootrec.exe / rebuildbcd ukwakha kabusha isitolo sedatha yokucushwa kwebhuthi (i-BCD). Ukusebenzisa le miyalo emithathu, omunye ngemva komunye, kuvame ukuxazulula inani elikhulu lamaphutha ebhuthini.

Uma usuqedile futhi kungekho maphutha amakhulu abonakala, vele uvale iwindi le-CMD, ususe imidiya yokufaka, bese Qala kabusha ikhompyutha ngokujwayelekileUma konke kuhambe kahle, iWindows kufanele iqale kabusha ngaphandle kokuthi kuvele imiyalezo yokuhluleka kwe-boot manager.

Hlela i-Windows Boot Manager nge-BCDEdit

Kwezinye izimo, kunokuba kube ukulimala ngokomzimba, lokho onakho kuyi- yonakele noma i-BCD elungiselelwe ngendlela engafaneleYilapho i-BCDEdit ingena khona, ithuluzi lendabuko le-Windows lokuphatha okufakiwe kwe-boot kanye namapharamitha awo.

Ukuze uqale ukuxazulula izinkinga nge-BCDEdit, iya futhi ku- I-Windows Recovery Environment kanye ne-Open Command PromptUkusuka lapho ungasebenzisa umyalo bcdedit /? ukuze ubuke usizo olujwayelekile bese ubhala uhlu lwezinketho ezitholakalayo.

Uma ufuna ukubuyekeza okufakiwe kwamanje, vele usebenzise bcdedit Ngaphandle kwamapharamitha. Uzobona isigaba esithi “Windows Boot Manager” kanye, ngaphansi kwaso, isigaba esisodwa noma ngaphezulu esithi “Windows Boot Loader” esinokucushwa kwesistimu ngayinye efakiwe kanye nohlelo oluvela ngalo kumenyu.

Ukuze usethe okufakiwe okuthile njengokuzenzakalelayo, isibonelo uma inani elizenzakalelayo lilahlekile noma kuvela uhlelo olungafuneki, ungasebenzisa i-bcdedit /okuzenzakalelayo {ID}lapho i-{ID} iyisihlonzi (i-GUID) sokufakwa okuhambisanayo. Nge i-bcdedit /isikhathi sokuphumula Ulungisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana lapho imenyu yokuqalisa iboniswa khona ngaphambi kokuba uhlelo luqale ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ngesikhathi sokulungisa, kuvamile ukusebenzisa i-bcdedit /ukuthumela ngaphandle ukwenza isipele se-BCD bese uyakha kabusha uma kudingeka. Futhi uma ufuna ukwazi imiyalo ethile yokudala noma ukuhlela okufakiwe, ungasebenzisa i-bcdedit /? okuzenzakalelayo noma ukushintshashintsha kosizo lomongo kuye ngokuthi yini okudingeka uyishintshe.

Ukubuyekeza i-BIOS noma i-UEFI: Kunini lapho kunengqondo khona?

Ukuvuselela i-BIOS noma i-UEFI akuyona into okufanele uyenze kalula, kodwa kwezinye izimo kungakwenza ukuxazulula ukungalingani kwebhuthi, amaphutha aziwayo, noma izinkinga ngehadiwe entshaKungaphinde kuthuthukise ukuzinza kwesistimu iyonke.

Okokuqala, kungumqondo omuhle ukuhlola iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi webhodi lakho lomama noma i-laptop ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini izibuyekezo. Izinguqulo ezintsha ze-BIOS/UEFI nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezizilungisayoUma ukuthuthukiswa kufaka phakathi noma yini ehlobene nokuqala, ukwesekwa kwama-drive amasha, noma ukulungiswa kwamaphutha abucayi, kungase kukufanelekele ukuthuthukiswa.

Kwamanye amakhompyutha, njengamamodeli athile e-MSI, ungaphatha ingxenye yale nqubo usebenzisa izinsiza ezisemthethweni ezitholakala ku-Microsoft Store, njenge Isikhungo se-MSIUkusuka lapho ungahlola izibuyekezo futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, uqale isibuyekezo se-BIOS kusuka ku-Windows, yize ngokuvamile kuphephile ukukwenza ngqo kusuka ku-UEFI uqobo.

Kunoma ikuphi, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi isibuyekezo se-BIOS noma se-UEFI sehlulekile. kungenza uhlelo lungasebenzi Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle (ukucima kukagesi, amafayela onakele, njll.). Yingakho kufanele uthathe lesi sinyathelo kuphela uma kudingeka ngempela futhi ulandele imiyalelo yomenzi.

Dala futhi uphathe okufakiwe kwe-boot ngokwezifiso nge-BCDEdit

Ngaphandle kokulungisa amaphutha, i-BCDEdit ikuvumela ukuthi udale okufakiwe kwe-boot ngokwezifiso kwezimo ezithuthukileUkulungisa amaphutha ezindaweni, ukuhlola izimo, ukuqala kabusha ngamapharamitha ahlukene e-kernel, njll. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zobungcweti noma lapho usebenza nezinqubo eziningi zokuqalisa.

I-Windows idala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukufakwa okujwayelekile kokuqalisa ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kodwa ungangeza okunye ukufakwa ngaphandle kokuthinta lokho kufakwa okuyinhloko. Eqinisweni, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi Ungashintshi okokufaka okujwayelekile futhi esikhundleni salokho, shintsha lokho okufakiwe bese wenza izinguquko kukhophi.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuze ulawule i-BCD udinga amalungelo omlawuli kanye nefasitela eliphakanyisiwe le-Command Prompt (Chofoza ngakwesokudla ku-Command Prompt > “Run as administrator”). Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma une-BitLocker noma i-Secure Boot evuliwe, kungadingeka ukuthi uyikhubaze noma uyimise okwesikhashana ngenxa yezinguquko ezithile.

Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yini eyinkimbinkimbi nge-BCDEdit, kungumqondo omuhle ukubukeza amadokhumenti asemthethweni ngakho. ukuhlela izinketho zokuqalisa Futhi, uma ukwazi, yenza isipele se-BCD nge-bcdedit /export, uma kwenzeka udinga ukubuyela emuva.

Engeza okufakiwe okusha kwe-boot ngokukopisha okukhona kakade

Indlela elula nephephile yokudala okufakiwe okusha uku kopisha okufakiwe kwe-boot okukhona bese ushintsha kuphela lokho ofuna ukukushintsha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amapharamitha ayisisekelo ahlelwe kahle.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, vula ikhonsoli yomlawuli bese usebenzisa umyalo onjengalona: bcdedit /copy {current} /d “DebugEntry”Lapha i-{current} ibhekisela ekungeneni okwaqalwa ngakho uhlelo kanti i-"DebugEntry" yincazelo ozoyibona kamuva kumenyu yokuqalisa.

Uma konke kuhamba kahle, i-BCDEdit izobuyisa umlayezo obonisa ukuthi okufakiwe kukopishwe ngempumelelo futhi kuboniswa I-GUID entsha kubakakiInto efana ne- {55556666-ffff-7777-aaa-8888bbbb9999}. Leyo GUID iyisihlonzi sokufakwa okusha futhi uzoyidinga emiyalweni elandelayo.

Uma ukopisha okufakiwe kwe-bootloader okuvele kuvela kumenyu, okusha Ifakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ekugcineni kwemenyu yokuqalisaUkusuka lapho, ungashintsha i-oda labo noma amapharamitha ngokwezidingo zakho.

Uma umyalo ubuyisa iphutha, hlola ukuthi usesigabeni somyalo esinamalungelo okuphatha, ukuthi uthayiphe amapharamitha ngendlela efanele, nokuthi uhlale ufaka ama-curly braces azungeze i- {current} noma esinye isihlonzi.

Dala okufakiwe kwe-boot kusukela ekuqaleni nge-BCDEdit /create

Enye indlela yokudala okufakiwe ukusebenzisa bcdedit /dalaKodwa-ke, le ndlela ithuthuke kakhulu ngoba kufanele ucacise kusukela ekuqaleni ukuthi hlobo luni lohlelo lokusebenza oluqalayo oludalayo kanye namapharamitha engeziwe amaningana.

Isibonelo, ukuze udale ukufakwa kwesistimu yokusebenza entsha ungasebenzisa umyalo ofana nalona: bcdedit /create /d “I-Windows Vista Yami” /uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-osloaderLokhu kudala ukufakwa kwesilayishi sesistimu yokusebenza enencazelo ethi “I-Windows Vista Yami”.

Uma usebenzisa inketho ethi /create, i-BCDEdit Ayifaki ngokuzenzakalelayo okufakiwe kumenyu yokuqalisaImane ikhiqize i-GUID kanye nerekhodi elihambisanayo esitolo se-BCD. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzodingeka ulungise izinketho zayo (idivayisi, i-osdevice, indlela, njll.) bese uyingeza ku-oda lokubonisa usebenzisa eminye imiyalo.

Njengokujwayelekile, kukhiqizwa i-GUID entsha yaleyo entry, ozodinga ukuqhubeka uyilungiselela. Ukuze ubone usizo oluthile kumapharamitha e-/create, ungaqalisa bcdedit /? /dala futhi ubuyekeze uhlelo lokubhala kanye nezinketho ezitholakalayo.

Lungiselela i-oda lokubonisa imenyu yokuqalisa

Uma usudale okufakiwe okuningana, kuzodingeka unqume ukuthi kuvela kanjani kumenyu yokuqalisa ye-Windows. Lokhu kulawulwa yinketho /displayorder kusuka ku-BCDEdit, okusungula uhlelo lapho umphathi we-boot ekhombisa khona okufakiwe okuhlukile.

I-syntax eyisisekelo ithi i-bcdedit /displayorder {ID} {ID} …lapho i-{ID} ngayinye iyi-GUID yokungena noma isihlonzi esigciniwe njenge-{current}. Kumelwe uzihlukanise ngezikhala futhi uhlale ukhumbula ukufaka ama-braces agobile.

Isibonelo, uma ufuna okufakiwe kwamanje kuvele kuqala kumenyu, kulandelwe okufakiwe okusha kwe-"DebugEntry", ungasebenzisa into efana i-bcdedit /displayorder {yamanje} {55556666-ffff-7777-aaa-8888bbbb9999}Ku-PowerShell, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ufaka i-GUID ngendlela efanele kuma-quotation marks.

Futhi uneziguquli ezifana /addlast, /addfirst kanye /susaLe miyalo ikuvumela ukuthi wengeze okufakiwe ekugcineni, ekuqaleni, noma ukususe ku-display order, ngokulandelana. Isibonelo esijwayelekile singaba: `bcdedit /displayorder {55556666-ffff-7777-aaa-8888bbbb9999} /addlast` ukwenza lokho okufakiwe kube okokugcina kumenyu.

Uma ufuna ukuhlola ngokushesha ukuthi i-oda lihlelwe kahle, mane ugijime bcdedit Ngaphandle kwamapharamitha. Esigabeni esithi “Windows Boot Manager”, uzobona uhlu “lwe-displayorder” olunezingeniso ngendlela efanayo naleyo ezizoboniswa ngayo lapho ikhompyutha iqala ukusebenza.

Susa noma susa okufakiwe kokuqalisa

Uma ungasadingi okokufaka kwe-boot, ungakwazi Yisuse kumenyu ngaphandle kokuyisusa esitolo se-BCD noma uyisuse ngokuphelele, kuye ngokuthi ukhetha ini. Ukuze uyifihle kumenyu, mane usebenzise i-/displayorder kanye ne-/remove.

Isibonelo, uma ufuna okufakiwe {44445555-eee-6666-ffff-7777aaa8888} kuyeke ukuvela, ungasebenzisa umyalo onjengokuthi: i-bcdedit /displayorder {44445555-eee-6666-ffff-7777aaa8888} /susaLokhu kuvimbela umphathi we-boot ukuthi angawubonisi esikrinini, kodwa okufakiwe kusesekhona esitolo.

Uma okufunayo Ukuze uyinyamalale ngokuphelele, kuzodingeka usebenzise inketho ethi /delete: isibonelo, bcdedit /delete {55556666-ffff-7777-aaaa-8888bbbb9999}Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, lokho kungena ngeke kusatholakala.

Ngemva kwanoma yiluphi ushintsho olunjalo, kunconywa ukuthi uphinde usebenzise. bcdedit Ukuqinisekisa nje ukuthi ukuhleleka kokubonisa kanye nokufakwa okusebenzayo kufana nalokho obukulindele nokuthi awushiyanga noma yiziphi izinkomba zilenga.

Ukuqonda nokuphatha i-Windows Boot Manager, i-BIOS, i-UEFI, i-MBR, namathuluzi afana ne-Bootrec.exe kanye ne-BCDEdit kukunika ukulawula okukhulu ku- Indlela yokuqala ikhompyutha yakho nokuthi ungasabela kanjani lapho okuthile kuphukaKusukela ekushintsheni i-oda lokuqalisa kuya ekufakeni i-Windows kusuka kudrayivu ye-USB, kuya ekudaleni okufakiwe okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokulungisa amaphutha okuqalisa ayinkimbinkimbi, konke kuyingxenye yephazili efanayo. Uma usuyitholile, ukuba ne- umphathi we-boot olungiselelwe kahle Akusekho mfihlakalo futhi kuba elinye ithuluzi lokugcina iqembu lakho lisesimweni esihle.