Ingabe i-Bios ilondolozwe kukhompuyutha?

I-BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) isofthiwe amakhompyutha ayilayisha kuqala uma ivuliwe. Ivamise ukugcinwa kumemori chip efundwayo kuphela noma kwimemori ye-flash. I-BIOS iyingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza kwanoma iyiphi ikhompyutha. Kufanele ibekwe endaweni efanayo ncamashi ku-chip ngayinye ukuze iqale kahle. Ikhompyutha ngeke isebenze kahle uma ingekho futhi ingakwazi ukuvulwa.

I-BIOS ngokuvamile ifihliwe ku-hard drive. isitoreji eyengeziwe noma ku-flash drive. Amafayela esistimu yokusebenza, kanye nezinhlelo zomshayeli ezisiza ikhompyutha ukuthi iqale, ayingxenye yale BIOS. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu esimweni sekhadi levidiyo. I-BIOS ihlela idatha esheshayo egeleza ngememori ukuze isekele kangcono amakhadi. Lokhu kuvumela i-CPU namanye amaphrosesa ukuthi akhombe uma kukhona idivayisi engasetshenziswa, kanye nokuhlola impilo.

Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ama-peripherals. Nikeza izinombolo kumadivayisi e-plug-and-play futhi uwathole. Uma idivayisi ye-IPL ezenzakalelayo ingatholakali, i-BIOS izama elandelayo etholakalayo. Bese inikezela ngokulawula kuhlelo lokusebenza ukulayisha izinhlelo zokusebenza. Isistimu yokusebenza yenza okunye ukwabiwa kwezinsiza. Kukhona nohlelo lokusetha ku-BIOS oluvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balungiselele izilungiselelo zesistimu. hardware. Ngesikhathi se- ibhuthini, i-BIOS izophinda ilungiselele okokufaka nokukhipha amadivayisi amakhulu.

Ingabe unayo i-BIOS ku-ROM?

Okokufaka okuyisisekelo/okuphumayo (noma i-BIOS) isofthiwe eyenza ikhompuyutha yakho isebenze uma ivuleka. Lokhu kuvamise ukuba yi-memory chip engaguquguquki enganikwa amandla ngamabhethri. I-BIOS iwulwazi olulungisa isistimu. Kufaka phakathi ulwazi mayelana nama-peripheral okufanele asetshenziswe ukuxhuma kukhompuyutha. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwe-BIOS yekhompyutha naleyo yekhompyutha ephathekayo kubalulekile.

I-RAM yekhompyutha igcina i-BIOS. Lapho ikhompyutha iqala, amandla kagesi akhipha imiyalelo yokuqala ku-BIOSROM. Ngemuva kokuthi i-BIOS isebenze, isimiso se-POST sihlola i-hardware futhi siyilungise uma kunesidingo. Ngemva kokuTHUMELA, umbhalo osesikrinini ngeke ubonakale. Le nqubo ivumela ikhompuyutha ukuthi iqale.

Ekuqaleni i-firmware ye-BIOS yayigcinwe ebhodini lomama kumemori chip. Ama-PC esimanje manje agcina i-firmware ye-BIOS kumemori ye-flash. Kungenzeka ukushintsha i-BIOS ngaphandle kokuyikhipha kumemori ye-flash. Le chip ye-ROM iqukethe i-BIOS yokuqala. Iphinde ibe nekheli lama-flash chips. Esigabeni sesithathu nesine sama-bootloaders, i-BIOS ikopishelwe ku-RAM.

Iyini i-BIOS ye-hard drive?

Ingenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zanoma iyiphi ikhompuyutha. Ilawula ukuhamba kwedatha phakathi kwesistimu yokusebenza nawo wonke amadivayisi axhunyiwe (i-hard drive, imemori, ikhadi lezithombe). Nakuba i-BIOS ingagcinwa kumemori ye-flash yebhodi lomama, ingatholakala naku-RAM yekhompyutha. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-BIOS lapha.

I-chip ye-BIOS (non-volatile ROM) itholakala ebhodini lomama. Amakhompyutha esimanje agcina i-BIOS kumemori khadi. Ukuze ufinyelele i-BIOS kufanele uqale ungene kukhompyutha yakho ngamalungelo omlawuli. Imisebenzi ehlobene ne-BIOS kufanele yenziwe kuphela ngabaphathi besistimu. Uzothola okuqukethwe kwayo kuphaneli yokulawula yesistimu.

I-firmware ye-motherboard ihlola ukuxhumeka kumadrayivu ekhompyutha ngesikhathi sokuqalisa. Igcina ikhodi esebenzisekayo kumemori eguquguqukayo ye-BIOS. Izinqubo zokuqalisa zangaphakathi zenziwa kumadrayivu wesimo esiqinile (I-SSD), kuma-hard drive nama-SSD. I-BIOS iyawaqeda futhi i-SSD noma i-HDD ithumela imiphumela. I-BIOS ivamise ukucela idatha efana nenombolo ye-serial, umkhakha otholakalayo, umthamo wevolumu, kanye nedatha ye-SMART. Umlayezo oyisixwayiso uthunyelwa kubasebenzisi uma i-BIOS ingabheki idrayivu. Lo mlayezo ngezinye izikhathi uthunyelwa ngezipikha zamanye amakhompyutha.

Ingabe ikhona i-chip ye-BIOS?

I-chip ye-BIOS itholakala kumabhodi amaningi omama onqenqemeni olungakwesokudla. Ingatholakala kubhukwana lomsebenzisi. Ngokuvamile imakwa noma imakwe ngendawo encane enombala. Ungayithola ebhodini lakho lomama noma ebhodini lesekethe. Eduze nesokhethi yemali yilapho uzothola khona i-chip ye-BIOS.

Bheka amachashazi amancane, anemibala ukuze ungene esikhundleni sama-chip e-BIOS ebhodini lomama lekhompyutha yakho. I-chip ye-BIOS itholakala ngaphansi kwezikhala ze-PCI Express ngezansi kwebhodi lomama. I-chip ye-BIOS isetshenziselwa ukukuvumela ukuthi uqalise ikhompuyutha yakho ezingeni eliphakathi. Yifinyelele kalula nge-screwdriver kanye nethuluzi lochwepheshe, njenge-DIL-Extractor.

Ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, i-BIOS ithatha uhlu lwesistimu. Okulandelayo, yabela izinombolo kumadivayisi. I-BIOS yesimanje ingenza imisebenzi eminingi ngokuzenzakalelayo, njengokunquma el tiempo yenkumbulo kuye ngohlobo. Ungakwazi futhi ukusetha ngezindlela zokufinyelela kanye nemingcele yama-hard drive. I-BIOS ibhala futhi ibonise imilayezo yabasebenzisi. Ingalungisa ngokuzenzakalela noma yiziphi izinkinga zesistimu.

Ubani ongumnikazi wezilungiselelo ze-BIOS noma ze-CMOS futhi kuyini?

Izingxenye ezimbili zebhodi lomama yi-chip ye-BIOS (noma i-CMOS). Aqukethe izilungiselelo ezihlukene zokucushwa. Ibhethri lebhodi lisekela womabili ama-chips. I-chip ye-BIOS iqukethe ihadiwe nolwazi lwesofthiwe, kuyilapho i-CMOS chip igcina izilungiselelo zokucushwa. Ulwazi oluncane, olufana nohlobo lwedrayivu efakiwe kanye newashi lesistimu, ligcinwa ku-CMOS chip.

Ungakwazi ukufinyelela i-BIOS ekhasini layo lasekhaya. I-BIOS iqukethe izilungiselelo ze-hardware futhi ine-interface elula ekuvumela ukuthi ulungise. Imenyu inikezela ngezinketho ongazikhetha njengokulawula amandla, ukuphathwa kwememori, ukuhleleka kwedivayisi yokuqalisa, nokuhleleka kwedivayisi yokuqalisa. I-Microsoft iphakamisa ukuthi abasebenzisi abanolwazi baguqule lezi zilungiselelo kuphela, njengoba zingabangela ukuthi ikhompuyutha iphahlazeke. Ungafunda okuningi mayelana nezilungiselelo ze-CMOS nokuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani.

Uma ibhethri lakho le-BIOS liphela, ikhompuyutha yakho ingase ibonise usuku nesikhathi esingalungile. Uma amabhethri e-CMOS efile, i-BIOS ayikwazi ukuqalisa. Le nkinga iwuphawu lokuthi ibhethri lakho le-CMOS lidinga ukushintshwa. Lena ikhodi eyakhelwe ku-motherboard yakho ebona izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha yakho futhi iyixhumanise nesistimu yokusebenza ukuze ikunikeze eminye imiyalelo. Ibalulekile ekuqaliseni ikhompuyutha yakho.

Kungani amafayela e-BIOS egcinwa ku-RAM hhayi i-ROM?

I-BIOS iyingxenye ebalulekile yehadiwe yekhompyutha. Inesibopho semisebenzi yezinga eliphansi kanye nokuhlonza okuzungezile. I-BIOS yabela izinombolo kumadivayisi e-plug-and-play, ewavumela ukuthi asebenze kodwa angavuli. Iphinde inqume ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi eyinhloko yokuqalisa esetshenziswayo, ngokuvamile idivayisi yesitoreji efakwe isistimu yokusebenza. Le divayisi ingasetshenziswa ukunikeza ikhadi lenethiwekhi kuseva. I-BIOS idala uhlu lwezinsiza zesistimu futhi yabela izinsiza ngokusekelwe kudatha yokumisa.

I-BIOS itholakala ku-ROM. Ayidingi amandla ukuze isebenze. Nakuba i-BIOS ingase ingasebenzi uma amandla engekho, izoqhubeka nokusebenza ngisho noma amandla ebuyiselwe. Njengoba i-ROM ingabhalelwa, idatha ingabhalwa kuyo. Isistimu yokusebenza isebenza nge-RAM. Uhlelo lwe-BIOS lugcinwa ku-ROM futhi alukwazi ukulayishwa ku-RAM.

Iyini i-CPU BIOS?

I-BIOS imele i-Basic Operating System Software. Ivumela ikhompuyutha ukuthi iqale i- izinhlelo ezisebenzayo nokwenza eminye imisebenzi eyisisekelo. Itholakala ku-motherboard yekhompyutha yakho. I-BIOS inesibopho sokulawula ihadiwe nokuphatha ukuhamba kwedatha phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza namadivayisi axhunyiwe. Iphinde ibe nesibopho sokuqalisa ukuzihlola kwamandla, okuyisethi yokuhlola eyenziwa ikhompuyutha uma ivuliwe.

Ngemva kokuvula ikhompuyutha, iqalisa ukuzihlola kwayo. Lokhu okokuhlola ukuthi ihadiwe isebenza kahle yini. Izokhala kuphela uma isebenza kahle. Izokhipha uchungechunge lwamabhiphu ukukhombisa ukuthi ayisebenzi kahle. Ungalalela amabhiphu futhi unqume ukuthi i-BIOS yakho iyehluleka yini.

Ngingayenza kanjani kabusha i-BIOS yami?

Ukusetha i-BIOS yekhompyutha kuvumela izilungiselelo zesistimu yangaphakathi ukukhomba nokulawula izingxenye zehadiwe. Lesi silungiselelo singadala izinkinga ekhompyutheni yakho, futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi usethe kabusha i-BIOS. Ukusetha kabusha i-BIOS ngeke kusule i-CMOS noma i-NVRAM. I-BIOS isethwe kabusha kuzilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo. Indlela esetshenzisiwe incike ebhodini lomama onalo. Uma ikhompuyutha yakho ingaqali, ungasetha kabusha i-BIOS usebenzisa inkinobho ekwibhodi lomama.

Okokuqala, kufanele unqamule ibhethri. Ukuze wenze lokhu uzodinga i-screwdriver eyisicaba noma i-screwdriver ye-Phillips. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubeka i-jumper encane phakathi nendawo yebhodi lomama. Kufanele uyibambe isendaweni imizuzwana engekho ngaphansi kwe-15. Ngemuva kwalokho ungavula ikhompyutha bese usetha kabusha izilungiselelo ze-BIOS.