Indlela yokudala ama-backups azenzakalelayo ku-MySQL

Cabanga uvuka ngoMsombuluko ekuseni bese uqaphela ngokuzumayo ukuthi isizindalwazi sakho sisusiwe ukuphahlazeka kweseva noma iphutha elikhulu lomuntu. Ukubanda kwehla emgogodleni wakho, akunjalo? Ukuze ugweme ukushaqeka okunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba nohlelo lokusekelayo lwe-MySQL oluzenzakalelayo olusebenza njengewashi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yakho iphephile ngaphandle kokuthi uphakamise umunwe nsuku zonke.

Iqiniso liwukuthi, ukuthembela ememori yomuntu ukuze uthole ama-backups kufana nokudlala i-roulette yaseRussia. Ukwenza le nqubo ibe ngokoqobo akugcini nje ngokususa umthwalo omkhulu emahlombe akho, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokulahlekelwa idatha ebalulekile futhi kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwebhizinisi lakho. Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza zonke izindlela zokufeza lokhu, kusukela ezikripthi ze-DIY kuya kumathuluzi ochwepheshe, ukuze ukhethe eyodwa efanelana kahle nezidingo zakho.

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Ukukhumbula Okubalulekile Ngesikhathi (i-PITR) kanye ne-Binary Registers

Ngaphambi kokungena ezifundweni, kunomqondo othuthukisiwe okufanele uyazi: Ukubuyiselwa Kwesikhathi Esiqondile, noma i-PITR. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele isizindalwazi sakho kumzuzwana oqondile ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke inhlekelele. Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, i-MySQL isebenzisa amalogi amabili (ama-binlog), okuyijenali eqopha zonke izinguquko, njengokufakwa komugqa noma ukudalwa kwetafula.

Inqubo ye-PITR inezigaba ezimbili ezihlukile. Okokuqala, isipele esingokomzimba noma esinengqondo sangaphambilini siyabuyiselwa . Bese, amalogi amabili asetshenziswa ukuphinda zonke izehlakalo ezenzeke kusukela kuleyo sipele kuze kube yisikhathi esifunekayo. Isibonelo, uma isipele sakho sisukela ngo-6:00 AM futhi iphutha lenzeke ngo-10:15 AM, ubuyisela isizindalwazi bese uphinda amalogi amabili aleso sikhathi.

Ukuze uphathe la marekhodi, ungasebenzisa umyalo mysqlbinlogLokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulande amafayela kusuka kuseva ekude usebenzisa amapharamitha afana nalawa --read-from-remote-server y --stop-never, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izinguquko ziyalandwa ngesikhathi sangempela njengoba zibhalwaukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okuphelele.

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Izindlela ezilula zabasebenzisi be-WordPress kanye ne-Hosting

Uma ungafuni ukwenza izinto zibe nzima ngemigqa yekhodi futhi usebenzisa i-WordPress, kungenzeka ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho wokusingathwa usevele ekwenzela umsebenzi onzima. Amapulatifomu afana ne-Kinsta anikeza ama-backup azenzakalelayo nsuku zonke , kodwa ngezinye izikhathi udinga i-backup ngesandla yokuhlolwa kwendawo noma ukufuduka.

Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-phpMyAdmin. Mane ungene ngemvume ku-database, iya kuthebhu yokuthumela ngaphandle, bese ukhetha indlela esheshayo yokwenza ama-backups alula . Uma udinga ukungenisa idatha kusayithi lapho amathebula anegama elifanayo esevele ekhona, kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela yangokwezifiso bese ukhetha inketho yokwengeza izitatimende ze-DROP TABLE . Lokhu kuzobhala ngaphezulu idatha ekhona ngaphandle kokungqubuzana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinketho zangaphandle zokusekela ngokuzenzakalelayo ezithumela idatha yakho efwini, njenge-Amazon S3 noma i-Google Cloud Storage. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba ukugcina isipele kuseva efanayo nesizindalwazi kuyiphutha; uma iseva iwela phansi, ulahlekelwa yiwebhusayithi kanye nesipele.

Ukuzenzakalela ezindaweni ze-Windows

Kulabo abasebenza ku-Windows, ikhambi eliphumelela kakhulu ukudala iskripthi se-batch (.bat noma .cmd) esisebenzisa ithuluzi mysqldumpLolu hlelo luza ne-MySQL futhi likuvumela ukuthi uthumele isakhiwo kanye nedatha kufayela le-.sql.

Isikripthi esinamandla akufanele nje senze i-dump, kodwa futhi hlela amafayela ngosukuUngachaza iziguquguquko zegama lomsebenzisi, iphasiwedi, kanye nendlela yokugcina, ngokuzenzakalelayo udale amafolda ngokusekelwe osukwini lwamanje. Ukuze uqhubekele phambili, kunconywa ukusebenzisa iluphu yenza isipele sedatha ngayinye ngayinyeukushiya amathebula esistimu afana nalawa information_schema o performance_schema ukugwema ukugcwalisa idiski ngodoti.

Ukuze ugweme ukwenza amakhophi agciniwe ngesandla, vula i-Windows Task Scheduler (taskschd.msc) bese udala umsebenzi oyisisekelo. Lungiselela imvamisa (nsuku zonke, masonto onke) bese ukhetha isenzo sokusebenzisa ifayela le-.cmd olidalile. Ngale ndlela, uhlelo luzokwenza amakhophi agciniwe ngenkathi ulele. Ukuze uthole izici ezithuthukisiwe, ungahlanganisa i-NanaZip kanye nezikripthi zokusekela ukuze ucindezele imiphumela ibe ifayela le-.zip bese wonga isikhala.

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Ukuzenzakalela ezinhlelweni ze-Linux

Ku-Linux, ukuguquguquka kuphelele ngenxa yezikripthi ze-Bash kanye ne-Cron scheduler. Iskripthi se-Linux esijwayelekile senza okungaphezu nje kokusebenzisa mysqldumpkodwa kungakwenza cindezela ikhophi ngokushesha Sebenzisa umyalo we-zip bese ususa ifayela le-SQL lasekuqaleni ukuze ugcine ukuhlanzeka.

Into ewusizo kakhulu ku-Linux ukuhlela i- ukususwa kwama-backups amadalaUkusebenzisa umyalo findUngayala uhlelo ukuthi lususe noma yiliphi ifayela elidala kunezinsuku ezingu-30, okusiza ukuthi vula isikhala sediski ku-Linux futhi uvimbele idiski ukuthi ingagcwali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungahlanganisa umyalo mail ukuze iseva ikuthumelele isaziso se-imeyili esiqinisekisa lokho Ikhophi iqediwe ngempumelelo.

Ukuze uyihlele, sebenzisa umyalo crontab -e bese wengeza umugqa one-syntax ye-cron. Isibonelo, ukumisa 0 2 * * *umbhalo uzoqala nsuku zonke ngo-2 ekuseniokuyilapho ngokuvamile kunethrafikhi encane kuwebhu.

Izixazululo zebhizinisi: I-Vinchin Backup & Recovery

Uma uphatha izindawo ezibucayi lapho ungakwazi khona ngisho nomzuzwana wokungasebenzi, izikripthi zingase zingaphumeleli. Yilapho amathuluzi ochwepheshe afana ne-Vinchin engena khona. Lezi zixazululo zinikeza ama-backups aqhubekayo , okusho ukuthi zigcina kuphela izinguquko ezenziwe kusukela ku-backup yokugcina, zithuthukisa kokubili isikhathi kanye nesitoreji.

Lolu hlobo lwesofthiwe lukuvumela ukuthi uphathe konke kusuka kukhonsoli yewebhu enembile, kususa isidingo sokubhala ikhodi. Inikeza izici ezithuthukisiwe njengokususwa kwedatha okuphindwe kabili kanye nokuvikelwa okuqinile kwe-ransomware, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-backup akho awabethelwa ngumhlaseli. Inqubo yenziwe lula ngezinyathelo ezine: khetha isizindalwazi, khetha indawo oya kuyo (yendawo noma yefu), chaza isu lemvamisa , bese uqalisa umsebenzi.

Ukugcina isu lokusekelayo akuhileli nje ukwenza ikhophi, kodwa futhi nokwazi ukuthi ungaliphatha kanjani. Kunconywa ukuthi ulungiselele izaziso ezizenzakalelayo futhi uqinisekise njalo ukuthi amafayela akhona futhi ayafundeka. Kuma-database amakhulu, ukucindezelwa kwamafayela kanye nokuhlukanisa kuyindlela kuphela yokuvimbela inqubo yokusekelayo ekuvimbeleni ukusebenza kweseva.

Ukusebenzisa inqubo yokusekela ngokuzenzakalelayo, kungaba ngezikripthi ezilula ze-Windows ne-Linux, amathuluzi okusingatha, noma isofthiwe yebhizinisi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi lakho akushiywanga ngengozi. Inhlanganisela yama-backups aphelele, ama-binary logs okuthola kabusha okunembile, kanye nesitoreji samafu sangaphandle kunikeza isivikelo esiphezulu ekulahlekelweni kwedatha.

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Isaka

Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.