- I-PowerShell y I-CMD vumela ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi okunemininingwane ku Windows
- Ukusebenzisa izikripthi kwenza imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo ibe lula futhi kuzenzela izilungiselelo.
- Kunezindlela eziningi imiyalo namathuluzi afana ne-Netsh, i-Get-NetIPConfiguration noma i-New-NetIPAddress
- Ngokungeziwe ku-IP, ungamisa i-DNS, isango negama lekhompyutha
Ukusetha ikheli le-IP elimile ku-Windows kungase kubonakale kuwumsebenzi okhethekile endaweni yezithombe, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi kungenzeka futhi ukukwenza ngokushesha nangempumelelo umugqa womyalo. CMD njengoba PowerShell Banikeza amathuluzi anamandla okushintsha izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi yekhompyutha ngaphandle kokuzulazula kumamenyu amaningi kusixhumi esibonakalayo sesithombe.
Leli khono liwusizo ikakhulukazi kumaseva, ezindaweni ezingezona izithombe ezifana ne-Server Core, noma emisebenzini yokuphatha ekude. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, uzofunda Ungawabela kanjani amakheli e-IP amile kusuka ku-CMD noma i-PowerShell, kanye nokuhlola ezinye izindlela ezifana ne-Netsh ne-Sconfig, kanye ne-scripting kanye ne-automation.
Ukucushwa kwe-IP Ukusebenzisa i-PowerShell
I-PowerShell ikuvumela ukuthi wenze izinguquko ezinemininingwane futhi ezisheshayo ekucushweni kwenethiwekhi yakho. Ukuqala, kubalulekile ukuthola ulwazi lwamanje kumakhadi enethiwekhi atholakalayo. Lokhu kufezwa ngomyalo olandelayo:
Get-NetIPConfiguration
Lo myalo ubonisa ukucushwa kwamanje kwezinkundla zokuxhumana. Ukuthola imininingwane ethile ye-adaptha ngayinye, ungasebenzisa:
Get-NetAdapter
Lokhu kunikeza imininingwane efana negama le-adaptha, isivinini sokuxhuma noma ikheli I-MAC.
Ukusetha i-IP emile, udinga ukusebenzisa i-cmdlet:
New-NetIPAddress -IPAddress 192.168.1.101 -InterfaceAlias 'Ethernet' -DefaultGateway 192.168.1.1 -AddressFamily IPv4 -PrefixLength 24
Lo myalo usetha i-IP 192.168.1.101 ku-adaptha ye-Ethernet, ngemaski engu-255.255.255.0 kanye nesango elingu-192.168.1.1.
Uma ukucushwa kwangaphambilini sekuvele kukhona, kungasuswa nge:
Remove-NetIPAddress -IPAddress 192.168.1.101 -DefaultGateway 192.168.1.1
Futhi ukulungisa amaseva e-DNS:
Set-DnsClientServerAddress -InterfaceIndex 12 -ServerAddresses ('8.8.8.8','1.1.1.1')
Ukusebenzisa izikripthi ze-PowerShell ukuze zizenzekele
Indlela esebenza kahle kakhulu yokugwema ukuthayipha imiyalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi ewusizo ekusetshenzisweni kobuningi, ukusebenzisa imibhalo ye-PowerShell. Isibonelo esiyisisekelo kungaba yilesi elandelayo:
$direccionip = "192.168.1.101"
$prefijodered = "24"
$puertadeenlacegw = "192.168.1.1"
$dns = @("8.8.8.8", "1.1.1.1")
$interfaz = (Get-NetAdapter).ifIndex
I-New-NetIPAddress -IPAddress $ipaddress -PrefixUbude $redprefix -InterfaceIndex$interface -DefaultGateway $gwgateway
Setha-DnsClientServerAddress -InterfaceIndex $interface -ServerAddresses $dns
Este iskripthi Ilungiselela amaseva e-IP nawe-DNS ngobuningi, okwenza kube lula ukuphatha amakhompyutha amaningi. Ungaphinda ufake noshintsho lwegama lekhompyutha embhalweni:
$nombre = "Servidor01"
Rename-Computer -NewName $nombre -force
Ukuze usebenzise lesi script, mane usigcine njenge .ps1 futhi uyiqalise ku-PowerShell ngezimvume zomlawuli.
Izithombe zenqubo
Le nqubo ingabonwa kangcono kusetshenziswa amathuluzi wokuqhafaza, kodwa kungenzeka futhi ukuyiqapha ku-PowerShell ngokufaka imiyalo efana nale:
Get-NetIPAddress
Test-Connection google.com
Eyokuqala ibonisa ama-IP amisiwe, kuyilapho eyesibili yenza i-ping ukuhlola uxhumo.
Ukucushwa nge-Netsh kusuka ku-CMD noma i-PowerShell
I-Netsh iyithuluzi elingokwesiko nelisawusizo lokumisa inethiwekhi ngomugqa womyalo.
Ukuze ubuke ukucushwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo samanje:
netsh interface ipv4 show config
Ukusetha i-IP emile:
netsh interface ipv4 set address name="Ethernet0" static 192.168.100.6 255.255.255.0 192.168.100.253
Futhi ukumisa i-DNS eyinhloko neyesibili:
netsh interface ipv4 set dns name="Ethernet0" static 1.1.1.1
netsh interface ipv4 set dns name="Ethernet0" static 8.8.8.8 index=2
Noma sebenzisa umyalo engeza okuyisimanjemanje:
netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver name="Ethernet0" address=1.1.1.1 index=1
netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver name="Ethernet0" address=8.8.8.8 index=2
Le ndlela isebenza kuyo yomibili i-CMD yendabuko kanye ne-PowerShell, nakuba i-Netsh ingase ingaguquguquki kancane kune-PowerShell yemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi.
I-Sconfig Utility ye-Server Core
Amaseva we-Windows Server Core awanakho ukusebenzelana kwesithombe, ngakho-ke, ithuluzi lingasetshenziswa sconfig kufinyeleleka ku-CMD noma ku-PowerShell:
Bhala sconfig bese ucindezela u-Enter. Imenyu esebenzisanayo ivula ngezinketho zokushintsha izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi, igama lekhompyutha, ukujoyina izizinda, nokuningi.
Ukuze ushintshe i-IP, khetha inketho 8 (Izilungiselelo Zenethiwekhi), khetha ikhadi olifunayo bese ucindezela inketho 1. Khetha ama-IP (ama) Amile bese ugcwalisa idatha eceliwe: Ikheli le-IP, imaski ye-subnet kanye nesango.
Ungakwazi ke ukumisa i-DNS ngenketho 2.
Le ndlela iyasebenza kakhulu ekusethweni kweseva okusheshayo.
Ukusebenzisa i-WMI ne-CIM ekucushweni okuthuthukile
IWindows Management Instrumentation (WMI) kanye neCommon Information Model (CIM) amakilasi akuvumela ukuthi ulawule izilungiselelo ku-PowerShell usebenzisa izindlela ezinemininingwane. Lawa mathuluzi enza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ikuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphathwa kwenethiwekhi ezingeni elijulile.
Isibonelo, ukuze uthole wonke ama-IP asebenzayo:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration -Filter IPEnabled=$true | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IPAddress
Ukuze ubuke zonke izakhiwo:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration -Filter IPEnabled=$true | Format-List
Ungaphinda ulungiselele i-DNS:
$wql = 'SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration WHERE IPEnabled=True'
$args = @{ DnsDomain = 'miempresa.com' }
Invoke-CimMethod -MethodName SetDNSDomain -Arguments $args -Query $wql
Nokukhulula noma ukuvuselela ukuqashisa kwe-DHCP:
Invoke-CimMethod -ClassName Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration -MethodName ReleaseDHCPLeaseAll
Invoke-CimMethod -ClassName Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration -MethodName RenewDHCPLeaseAll
I-Classic CMD yokucushwa kwe-IP
Kumakhompyutha amadala noma kubasebenzisi abajwayele i-CMD yakudala, ungasebenzisa insiza netsh kanye neminye imiyalo yendabuko. Le miyalo isewusizo emisebenzini esheshayo nasezindaweni lapho i-PowerShell ingatholakali khona noma ifunwa.
ipconfig /all: ukubuka zonke izilungiselelo zamanje.netsh interface ipv4 set address name="Ethernet" source=static address=192.168.1.10 gateway=192.168.1.1: ukusetha i-IP nesango.netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver name="Ethernet" address=8.8.8.8 index=1: ukwengeza i-DNS.
Nakuba iguquguquka kancane kune-PowerShell, isewusizo kakhulu ezindaweni eziyisisekelo zokubhala kanye nasezimeni lapho ukuhambisana kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukunikeza ikheli le-IP elimile ku-Windows kuwumsebenzi obalulekile ezindaweni eziningi zobungcweti, ikakhulukazi kumaseva namakhompyutha adinga amakheli angashintshi ezinsizeni ezithile. Njengoba ubonile, unamathuluzi amaningi okufeza lokhu, ukusuka ku-PowerShell naku-Netsh kuye ku-sconfig utility. Nakuba indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo, i-PowerShell igqama ngamakhono ayo okuzenzakalela nokujula kokucushwa. Uma uphethe inethiwekhi noma amaseva, ukuthatha isikhathi sokufunda kahle le miyalo kuzokongela ubuhlungu bekhanda abaningi futhi kusize ukuphatha okukude, ukuthunyelwa, nokumiswa kwemvelo.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.