- Ukusetha i-VPN ku-router yakho kuvikela ngokuzenzakalelayo wonke amadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi ngaphandle kokufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukile.
- Akuwona wonke ama-router noma ama-VPN ahambisanayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlola ukusekelwa kwezinqubo ezifana ne-OpenVPN, i-WireGuard, noma i-IPSec.
- I-VPN ku-router ithuthukisa ubumfihlo kanye nokufinyelela okukude, kodwa inganciphisa kancane isivinini futhi yenze kube nzima ukushintsha amaseva noma amazwe.
- Ukubuyekeza i-firmware, ukukhetha amaseva aseduze, nokugwema izinsizakalo ze-VPN zamahhala kuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi nokusebenza.
Lungiselela i-VPN ngqo ku-router Kungenye yezindlela ezinamandla kakhulu zokuvikela inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya noma yehhovisi ngaphandle kokufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza kudivayisi ngayinye. Nakuba inqubo ihilelekile ngandlela thile futhi ingeyona elula njengokucindezela inkinobho efonini yakho, uma isisethwe kahle, wonke amadivayisi axhuma kwi-Wi-Fi yakho azophequlula ngomhubhe obethelwe, asuse noma yiziphi izinkinga ezengeziwe.
Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale ibhizinisi, kunemibono emibili ebalulekile: okokuqala, Akuwona wonke ama-router noma izinsizakalo ze-VPN ezihambisanayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngalolu hlobo lokusetha, ngento ebaluleke kakhulu njenge-router, kungcono ukukhohlwa ngama-VPN wamahhala anedumela elingabazisayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yini oyidingayo, yiziphi izinketho zephrothokholi ezikhona, ukuthi ungayilungiselela kanjani ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zama-router, nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi le ndlela enakho uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza kudivayisi ngayinye.
Iyini i-VPN futhi yenzani ngempela ku-router?
Una I-VPN (Inethiwekhi Eyimfihlo Ebonakalayo) Idala umhubhe obethelwe phakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho neseva ekude, ifihla ikheli lakho langempela le-IP futhi ivikele yonke ithrafikhi edlula kuyo. Uma uhambisa le VPN ku-router yakho esikhundleni sefoni noma ikhompyutha yakho, ukubethela kusebenza kuyo yonke inethiwekhi yakho yendawo: amafoni, ama-laptop, ama-smart TV, ama-game consoles, amadivayisi e-IoT, kanye nanoma iyiphi i-gadget exhuma kwi-Wi-Fi.
Ngokwenzayo, I-router ene-VPN isebenza njengomqaphi oyedwa wenethiwekhi yakhoKonke okuphumayo kuyi-inthanethi kuqala kudlula emhubheni ophephile kuye kuseva ye-VPN bese kufinyelela lapho kuya khona ekugcineni. Lokhu kusobala kuwe nakumadivayisi akho, kodwa kumhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi kanye nabantu besithathu, ithrafikhi yakho ifihliwe, futhi ikheli lakho le-IP lomphakathi liba leleseva ye-VPN.
Uma sikhuluma “nge-router ye-VPN” singabhekisela ezintweni ezimbili ezahlukene kodwa ezihlobene: i-router engasebenza njengeklayenti lensizakalo ye-VPN yezentengiselwano (i-Surfshark, i-NordVPN, i-Kaspersky VPN, njll.) ukuvikela ukuphequlula kwakho, noma i-router esebenza njengeseva ye-VPN (i-OpenVPN, i-IPSec, i-PPTP) ukunikeza ukufinyelela okuphephile okukude kunethiwekhi yakho usuka ngaphandle, isibonelo ukuxhuma ezinsizeni zehhovisi lakho.
Kumodi yeklayenti, Zonke ithrafikhi eziphumayo ezivela ekhaya lakho noma ehhovisi sezivele zibethelwe. kumhlinzeki we-VPN. Kumodi yeseva, i-router yakho iyindawo yokungena evikelwe lapho amadivayisi akude axhuma khona ukuze "angene ngaphakathi" kwenethiwekhi yakho yendawo njengokungathi akhona lapho ngokoqobo. Lokhu kuyizindlela ezahlukene zokusebenzisa, kodwa babelana ngemibono eminingi kanye nezinqubo.
Futhi, Amanye ama-router ahlukanisa phakathi kwe-VPN ephumayo kanye ne-VPN engenayo.Kumamenyu, ungase ubone into efana nokuthi "iklayenti le-VPN" (yokuxhuma kusevisi ekude) kanye nokuthi "iseva ye-VPN" (yokuvumela umsebenzi okude noma ukuxhumana kwehhovisi nehhovisi). Kubalulekile ukuthi ungazidibanisi, ngoba indlela yokucushwa kanye nenhloso yokugcina kuhluka kakhulu.
Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokusetha i-VPN ku-router yakho
Setha i-VPN ezingeni le-router Inezinzuzo eziningi, ikakhulukazi uma unamadivayisi amaningana noma indlu egcwele amagajethi axhunyiwe. Kodwa futhi kusho ukudela ukuguquguquka okuthile nokwamukela ubunzima obuthile bokuqala ekusethweni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinhlangothi zombili zemali.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo ezinkulu ukuthi Vikela wonke amadivayisi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokufaka noma yiniLokhu kufaka phakathi ama-TV ahlakaniphile, ama-game consoles, izidlali zemidiya, noma amadivayisi angasekeli izinhlelo zawo zokusebenza ze-VPN. Badinga nje ukuxhuma kwi-Wi-Fi ye-router ukuze ithrafikhi ibethelwe futhi idluliselwe emhubheni we-VPN.
Elinye iphuzu elinamandla ukuthi Isivikelo sihlala sivuliwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.Uma i-VPN isivuliwe ku-router, ixhuma ngokuzenzakalelayo kuseva njalo uma iqala kabusha noma ilahlekelwa uxhumano lwayo, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphazamiseka nokuphequlula ungavikelekile ngoba ukhohliwe ukuqala uhlelo lokusebenza kuselula noma kwi-PC yakho.
Futhi kulula kakhulu ukuthi indlu yonke yabelana nge-akhawunti eyodwa ye-VPNUma nje umhlinzeki wakho ekuvumela, ungasebenzisa lokho kubhalisa kubo bonke abasebenzisi namadivayisi axhuma kunethiwekhi yakho, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngemikhawulo yokufaka kumafoni eselula, amaphilisi, ama-consoles, njll. Izinsizakalo ezifana ne-NordVPN noma i-Surfshark zivumela ukuxhumana okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ngokuyifaka ku-router yakho, wandisa lowo mthamo.
Ingxenye engajabulisi kangako yilokho Ukushintsha amaseva noma amazwe kunzima kakhulu.Esikhundleni sokuchofoza inkinobho kuhlelo lokusebenza, kuzodingeka ufinyelele isikhombikubona sewebhu se-router yakho, uye kuzilungiselelo zeklayenti le-VPN, futhi ezimweni eziningi, qala kabusha idivayisi yakho yenethiwekhi. Uma ungumuntu ovame ukuhamba phakathi kwamazwe ukuze asakaze, lokhu kungaba nzima kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kubethelwe Uma yonke ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi ifika ngesikhathi esisodwa, isivinini singase siphazamiseke. Lokhu kungathinta ukusebenza uma i-router ingasebenzi kahle noma uma iseva ye-VPN igcwele ngokweqile. Amaphrothokholi afana ne-OpenVPN asebenzisa kakhulu i-CPU, futhi kuma-router ashibhile, lokhu kuholela ku-Wi-Fi ehamba kancane noma engazinzile kangako. I-WireGuard ikuthuthukisa kakhulu lokhu, kodwa ayikasekelwa yiwo wonke amamodeli.
Enye inkinga ukuthi Ulahlekelwa ukwenza ngokwezifiso idivayisi.Wonke amadivayisi athola ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi okufanayo (ikheli le-IP elifanayo, izwe elifanayo, imithetho efanayo). Uma ufuna amanye amadivayisi axhumeke ngaphandle kwe-VPN noma endaweni ehlukile, kuzodingeka usebenzise imithetho ye-router ethuthukisiwe (uma ikhona) noma uyihlanganise nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-VPN ngazinye.
Ingabe i-VPN ingafakwa kunoma iyiphi i-router?
Ngeshwa, akuwona wonke ama-router akuvumela ukuthi usebenze njengeklayenti noma iseva ye-VPN.Amadivayisi amaningi ahlinzekwa ngabasebenzisi nge-inthanethi ye-fiber optic, ikakhulukazi amamodeli ayisisekelo, anezici ezilinganiselwe kakhulu futhi awafaki umsebenzi noma awukhawulele kumaphrothokholi angafiseleki kangako njenge-PPTP.
Ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa i-VPN yakho yezentengiselwano ngqo ku-router, Imishini kumele isekele amaphrothokholi afana ne-OpenVPN, i-WireGuard, kanye ne-L2TP/IPSec noma iklayenti eliyimpahla ehambisana nomhlinzeki wakho. I-PPTP isatholakala kuma-router amaningi, kodwa isiphelelwe yisikhathi futhi inikeza ukuphepha okungekuhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele ibhekwe njengesixazululo sokugcina futhi uma ukubethela kuvuliwe.
Indlela yokuxazulula noma yikuphi ukungabaza ilula: Ngena ngemvume kuphaneli yokuphatha iwebhu ye-router yakho (Ngokuvamile kuba yi-192.168.1.1 noma i-192.168.0.1, futhi iziqinisekiso zisesitikheni esingezansi.) Hlola izingxenye ze-"VPN," "Internet," "WAN," noma "Advanced". Uma ubona izingxenye ezifana ne-"OpenVPN client," "WireGuard," "IPSec," "L2TP," njll., lokho kuyisibonakaliso esihle.
Uma ungakwazi ukuthola lutho, ungakwazi Bheka amadokhumenti asemthethweni omenzi noma iwebhusayithi yokusekelalapho ngokuvamile zikhomba ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo ze-VPN ezisekelwa yimodeli ngayinye. Enye inketho ukubhalela ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe noma, uma i-router yakho ivela ku-ISP, xhumana nethimba lokusekela lenkampani bese ucela imininingwane.
Uma i-router ingenayo le misebenzi, kunezinketho ezimbili: shintshela ku-router engathathi hlangothi esekela i-VPN (ukushiya i-firmware yenkampani yenethiwekhi kumodi yebhuloho, isibonelo) noma ufake i-firmware ehlukile njenge-DD-WRT, i-OpenWRT, noma i-Tomato kumamodeli athile. Lawa ma-firmware athatha indawo yesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuqala nge-ephelele kakhulu, ngokusekelwa okukhulu kwamakhasimende e-VPN namaseva.
Yebo, i-flashing alternative firmware iyadingeka. Kuhilela izingozi zobuchwepheshe futhi kungenza i-router ingasebenzi. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, ungase futhi uvale iwaranti ezimweni eziningi. Kungcono ukulandela iziqondiso ezithile zemodeli yakho bese uqinisekisa ukuhambisana ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko. I-DD-WRT, i-OpenWRT, kanye ne-Tomato zishicilela uhlu lwama-router asekelwayo lapho ungasesha khona ngenombolo yemodeli eqondile.
Amaphrothokholi e-VPN avame kakhulu kuma-router
Uma i-router yakho isekela i-VPN, ngokuvamile izokuvumela ukuthi ukhethe phakathi kwezinqubo eziningana. Ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokungalungi kwayo. Ngokuphathelene nokuphepha, isivinini kanye nokulula kokusetha, kungumqondo omuhle ukwazi ukuthi ngayinye inikezani ukuze ungachofozi eyokuqala evela ohlwini.
I-OpenVPN Yiyona nkampani ethembekile: umthombo ovulekile, esetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi isekelwa ama-router nabahlinzeki abaningi. Iningi lezinsizakalo zezentengiselwano linikeza amafayela okucushwa kwe-.ovpn aqondene ne-router, owalayisha noma uwakopishe ku-interface yedivayisi yakho. Inkinga yayo ukuthi ivame ukudla inani elikhulu le-CPU, ngakho-ke inganciphisa isivinini kuma-router ayisisekelo.
I-WireGuard Kuyindlela yesimanje yesimanje: esheshayo kakhulu, ephephile, futhi enomklamo olula. Ekuxhumekeni okushesha kakhulu, ivame ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kune-OpenVPN futhi ayibizi kakhulu iprosesa ye-router. Njengokubuyisela, Ukusethwa kokuqala kungaba okunobuchwepheshe obuthe xaxangoba idinga ama-key pair futhi ezimweni eziningi ixhumanisa iphrofayili ngayinye neseva ethile, ngesikhala esincane sokuhamba phakathi kwamaseva endaweni efanayo.
Bese unezinqubo zefa I-L2TP/IPSec kanye ne-PPTPLawa ma-VPN, aqhubeka nokuvela ngenxa yokuhambisana okungemuva, akuyona inketho efanelekile ngo-2026, njengoba engafinyeleli amazinga okuphepha e-OpenVPN noma i-WireGuard, futhi ikakhulukazi i-PPTP ibuthakathaka kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, Uma i-router yakho isekela lokhu kuphela futhi udinga ngempela ukusebenzisa i-VPNKungcono ukuzisebenzisa ngokubethela kunokungabi naso nhlobo isivikelo.
Okokugcina, ezindaweni zebhizinisi kanye nehhovisi kuvamile ukusebenzisa I-IPSec emsulwa yokuhlanganisa imihubhe kusuka endaweni kuya kwenye (isibonelo, ukuxhuma ihhovisi legatsha nendlunkulu). Kulezi zimo, izinqubomgomo zihlelwa phakathi kwama-router amabili noma ama-firewall axhumana nge-IPSec, ephatha ama-subnet endawo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
Izidingo okumele isevisi yakho ye-VPN ihlangabezane nazo
Akwanele ukuthi i-router ibe nokusekelwa kwe-VPN: Umhlinzeki wakho udinga futhi ukunikeza ukuhambisana kwezinga le-router.Ama-VPN amaningi amahhala akhona kuphela njengesandiso sesiphequluli noma uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula, ngaphandle kwamaphrofayili ajwayelekile noma ukwesekwa kwe-OpenVPN yangaphandle noma i-WireGuard, ngakho ngeke ukwazi ukuwasebenzisa ku-router.
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuhlola iwebhusayithi yesevisi yakho ye-VPN, noma uxhumane nosekelo lwabo. Yimaphi amaphrothokholi avunyelwe kuma-router nokuthi yimaphi amaseva atholakalayo Akufani kumuntu ngamunye. Ukuba ne-WireGuard kuhlelo lokusebenza lweselula akufani nokuba namaphrofayili e-WireGuard angalandwa e-router yakho ethile.
Abahlinzeki abadumile bavame ukunikeza isigaba se-akhawunti yomuntu siqu lapho ungakwazi khona dala amaphrofayili e-routerUkhetha iphrothokholi (i-OpenVPN, i-WireGuard, i-L2TP/IPSec), indawo yeseva, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ulungisa imininingwane yobuchwepheshe. Uma usuqedile, ulanda ifayela le-.ovpn noma le-.conf elinazo zonke izilungiselelo ezihlanganisiwe.
Lawa maphrofayili afaka phakathi okhiye abayimfihlo, izitifiketi, kanye nemingcele yokubethelaNgokuvamile akudingeki ukuthi uthinte noma yini, ngoba ukwenziwa kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ohlangothini lomhlinzeki, kodwa uma ufuna ukungena emininingwaneni ecacile ungabuka okuqukethwe nge-text editor bese uqonda kahle ukuthi i-router yakho isebenzisani.
Uma umhlinzeki wakho enikeza i-L2TP/IPSec noma i-PPTP kuphela kuma-router, Kuzodingeka ukopishe idatha ngesandla njengekheli leseva, igama lomsebenzisi, iphasiwedi, kanye nokhiye owabiwe ngaphambilini (i-PSK). kanye nohlobo lokuqinisekisa (i-PAP, i-CHAP, njll.). Kuhileleke kakhulu kunokulayisha ifayela le-.ovpn, kodwa ama-router ngokuvamile anezinhlobo eziqondiswayo zalezi zimo.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-router
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukumisa noma yini, kuyalulekwa yenza okuncane hlola ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yakho yendawoNgale ndlela ugwema ukuchitha isikhathi bese uthola ukuthi kunomkhawulo ovela kumhlinzeki wakho wenethiwekhi noma ukuthi i-firmware ayinakho okudingayo.
Qala ngokufinyelela isikhombikubona sewebhu se-router ngokuthayipha isango kusiphequluli (ngokuvamile i-192.168.1.1 noma i-192.168.0.1) Ngena ngemvume ngegama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ozoyithola kulebula engezansi kwedivayisi. Uma usungene ngemvume, hlola amamenyu athuthukile bese ubheka noma yikuphi ukukhulunywa nge-VPN.
Ngokusho komkhiqizo, Izinketho zamakhasimende e-VPN zingafihlwa kakhulu.Isibonelo, kuma-router e-Asus avame ukuvela ku-“VPN → VPN Client”; kuma-router e-Keenetic ahlelwe ngaphansi kwe-“Internet → Other connections”; kwamanye ama-router e-Netgear uzowabona ku-“Advanced settings → VPN service”; kuma-router amaningi e-TP-Link atholakala ku-“Network → WAN” noma ngqo ku-“VPN” noma ku-“VPN Server”.
Futhi, qaphela ukuthi ngabe i-router isivele ikhona yini Sebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lomhubhe we-VPN nomqhubi uqobo njengengxenye yokusethwa kokuxhumeka okujwayelekile. Kulezi zimo, i-VPN ivame ukuba sezingeni lokuthutha kuphela phakathi kwe-router kanye ne-ISP, ingakuniki izinzuzo zobumfihlo noma ukulawula okufunayo, futhi ivame ukungalungiseki komsebenzisi.
Uma umhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi engasekeli noma engasizi ngezici ze-VPN ku-router yakho, Ungase ube nentshisekelo yokushintsha abahlinzeki noma, kalula, ukwengeza i-router engathathi hlangothi. Usemuva kwemishini yomqhubi, ukulawula yonke ingxenye ye-VPN ngaphandle kokuthinta i-firmware ekhawulelwe yokuqala.
Indlela yokusetha i-VPN yebhizinisi ku-router yakho isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Uma usuqinisekile ukuthi i-router yakho iyahambisana nokuthi isevisi yakho ye-VPN inikeza amaphrofayili e-router, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi... hlanganisa konke ndawonyeUhlelo lokucushwa olujwayelekile lufana cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo, yize amamenyu ehluka.
Okokuqala, ngena ngemvume ku-akhawunti yakho yomhlinzeki we-VPN bese landa iphrofayili efanele Lokhu kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-router kanye nephrothokholi ofuna ukuyisebenzisa. Ku-OpenVPN, kuzoba ifayela le-.ovpn; ku-WireGuard, ifayela elilodwa noma amaningi e-.conf; ku-L2TP noma ku-PPTP, uzodinga kuphela ukunikeza imininingwane yeseva kanye neziqinisekiso.
Bese, buyela esibonakalayo se-router yakho bese thola isigaba seklayenti le-VPNDala uxhumano olusha, lunikeze igama elichazayo (isibonelo, "i-VPN home Spain" noma "i-Surfshark London") bese ukhetha uhlobo loxhumano ozolulungiselela: i-OpenVPN, i-WireGuard, i-L2TP/IPSec, njll.
Uma i-router ivumela ukulayishwa kwamafayela, Namathisela ifayela le-.ovpn noma le-.conf olilandile kuwebhusayithi yomhlinzeki.Ezimweni eziningi, yilokho kuphela okudingekayo, yize amanye amadivayisi azocela igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ye-akhawunti yakho ye-VPN ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngeseva.
Kumamodeli angawamukeli ukulayishwa kwamafayela, uzobona ibhokisi lombhalo elikhulu noma izinkambu eziningana ezithile. Kuleso simo, Vula ifayela lephrofayela ngomhleli wombhalo ocacile (Ifundeka kahle) bese ukopisha konke okuqukethwe ebhokisini eliboniswe yi-firmware. Amabhukwana e-router avame ukuchaza ukuthi yini okufanele uyibeke endaweni ngayinye uma unemibuzo.
Uma ifomu seligcwalisiwe, londoloza izinguquko bese usesha. inkinobho noma inkinobho yokuvula uxhumano lwe-VPNAmanye ama-router axhuma ngokuzenzakalelayo uma ulondoloza, kanti amanye adinga ukuthi ucindezele okuthi "Xhuma" noma "Vumela." Ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa, kufanele ubone isimo esithi "Kuxhunyiwe" noma into efanayo.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi konke kuhambe kahle, vula iwebhusayithi kunoma iyiphi idivayisi kunethiwekhi yakho njenge whatismyipaddress.com noma i-iplocation.net Hlola ikheli lakho le-IP lomphakathi kanye nezwe elitholiwe. Uma lingafani nekheli le-IP le-ISP yakho noma ubona indawo oyikhethile ku-VPN, usuvele uphequlula emhubheni we-router.
Lungiselela i-IPSec phakathi kwama-router amabili (i-VPN yesayithi nesayithi)
Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa i-VPN ukuze ufinyelele i-inthanethi ngasese, Kuvamile kakhulu ukusebenzisa umsebenzi we-IPSec wama-router ukuxhuma amanethiwekhi amabili akude, isibonelo ihhovisi elikhulu kanye negatsha, noma inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya nekheli lelinye.
Kulesi simo uchaza “Isiza A” (isibonelo, ihhovisi lesifunda) kanye “nesiza B” (indlunkulu eyinhloko) kanye Udala umhubhe we-IPSec obethelwe phakathi kwama-LAN amabiliNgokombono wamaqembu, kubonakala sengathi konke kusenethiwekhi efanayo, yize empeleni eqhelelene ngamakhilomitha amaningi.
Ukuze uyihlanganise, qala ubhale phansi ama-IP enethiwekhi yendawo kanye nama-IP e-WAN ama-router amabiliKubalulekile ukuthi ama-subnet angahlangani (isibonelo, 192.168.1.0/24 ku-Site A kanye no-192.168.2.0/24 ku-Site B) ukuze umzila usebenze kahle futhi ithrafikhi yazi ukuthi iya kuphi.
Kumenyu ye-router ku-Site A, faka i-“IPSec VPN” noma efanayo futhi dala umhubhe omushaFaka igama (isibonelo, “Ihhovisi Eliyinhloko”), faka i-WAN IP yeSayithi B njenge-“remote gateway”, bese uchaza ukuthi yimaphi ama-IP endawo azokwazi ukufinyelela emhubheni (i-subnet yakho 192.168.1.0 ene-mask yayo ehambisanayo).
Okulandelayo, esigabeni senethiwekhi ekude, icacisa ububanzi be-LAN beSayithi B (isibonelo, 192.168.2.0/24). Khetha indlela yokushintshanisa izinkinobho, okuvame ukuba yi-IKE ezenzakalelayo, bese ukhetha ukhiye oqinile owabiwe ngaphambilini, okuzodingeka uwusebenzise ngendlela efanayo ngakolunye uhlangothi.
ESayithi B uzophinda inqubo, kodwa ukuguqula izindima zamanethiwekhi endawo nawakudekanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa amapharamitha afanayo okhiye kanye nokuphepha okwabelwana ngawo ngaphambilini (ama-algorithms okubethela, ukuqinisekiswa, i-PFS, njll.). Uma iziphetho zombili ziqondanisiwe, umhubhe we-IPSec uyasungulwa futhi isimo sishintsha sibe “Phezulu” noma “Kuxhunyiwe”.
Indlela elula yokuhlola ukuthi konke kuyasebenza yini ukwenza uku-ping kusuka kukhompyutha eSizeni A kuya ekhelini le-IP ku-LAN eSizeni BUma uthola izimpendulo, i-VPN yesayithi nesayithi iyasebenza futhi uzokwazi ukufinyelela amaseva, amaphrinta, noma ezinye izinsiza ezikude njengokungathi ziseduze kwakho.
Amaseva e-VPN ku-router: i-PPTP ne-OpenVPN yokufinyelela kude
Ngaphezu kwemodi yeklayenti noma ukuxhumanisa indawo nesayithi, ama-router amaningi avumela yenza njengeseva ye-VPN ukuze ukwazi ukuxhuma ungaphandleNgokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-PPTP noma i-OpenVPN. Le nketho iwusizo kakhulu uma ufuna ukufinyelela inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kusuka kukhompyutha yakho ephathekayo noma idivayisi yeselula ngenkathi usohambweni.
Endabeni ye-PPTP, isinyathelo sokuqala Sebenzisa iseva ye-PPTP kumenyu ethi "i-VPN Server" ye-routerUzocelwa ukuthi uchaze uhla lwama-IP angaphakathi okufanele anikezwe amaklayenti akude (isibonelo, ibhulokhi elincane elihlukile ku-DHCP evamile) futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, abasebenzisi namaphasiwedi agunyaziwe ukuxhuma.
Ngaphambi kokuyivumela, kungcono ukuthi ube nayo isikhathi sesistimu sivumelaniswe kahle, futhi uma kungenzeka, isevisi ye-DNS enamandla ilungiselelweLokhu kugwema ukuthembela ezinguqukweni ekhelini le-IP lomphakathi le-router. I-firmware ngokwayo ivame ukusikisela lokhu noma ifaka phakathi ama-DDNS wizards.
Uma izilungiselelo sezigciniwe, kuzodingeka ukuthi Dala iphrofayili yokuxhumeka kwe-PPTP kudivayisi ekudeKu-Windows, isibonelo, ungasebenzisa iwizadi ethi "Setha uxhumano olusha noma inethiwekhi", khetha "Xhuma endaweni yokusebenza," bese ukhetha "Sebenzisa uxhumano lwami lwe-inthanethi (i-VPN)." Ensimini yekheli, faka ikheli le-IP lomphakathi noma igama le-DNS le-router, bese ensimini yeziqinisekiso, faka igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi echazwe kuseva ye-PPTP.
I-OpenVPN njengeseva isebenza ngendlela efanayo, kodwa ngokuphepha okukhuluKu-router, sebenzisa iseva ye-OpenVPN, khetha i-port kanye ne-protocol (UDP noma i-TCP), futhi, uma kudingeka, lungiselela i- I-DMZ kunethiwekhi yakho noma ukuqondiswa kabusha kwe-port, uchaza ububanzi be-IP obuzokwabelwa amaklayenti nokuthi azokwazi yini ukufinyelela inethiwekhi yendawo noma i-inthanethi ngomhubhe.
I-router izokhiqiza isitifiketi kanye nephakheji yokucushwa okuzodinga ukuyifaka thumela bese ukopisha kudivayisi ekudeKukhompyutha yakho, faka iklayenti elisemthethweni le-OpenVPN, faka ifayela lokucushwa kufolda ethi "config" yohlelo lokusebenza, bese usuka lapho ungaqala ukuxhumana nenethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya.
Ngale ndlela, uma ungekho ekhaya noma ehhovisi, Uqala ngokuxhuma ku-VPN ye-router bese usuka lapho ungaphequlula noma ufinyelele izinsiza zangaphakathi njengokungathi ungaphakathi kwe-LAN uqobo, ngokuphepha okwengeziwe komhubhe obethelwe kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni.
Amathiphu okuthola okuningi ku-router yakho nge-VPN
Uma konke sekusebenze kahle, ezinye izinguquko ziyafaneleka. Lungiselela ukusebenza, ukuzinza, kanye nokuphephaAkukhona nje ukuxhumana kwe-VPN, kodwa kusebenza kahle futhi kunganciphisi ijubane lempilo yakho yansuku zonke.
Noma nini lapho ungakwazi, khetha amaseva e-VPN avaliwe ngokwendawo endaweni yakho yangempela uma ufuna isivinini kanye nokubambezeleka okuphansi. Lapho iseva iseduze, kuba nokuqhuma okuncane okuphakathi, futhi ngokuvamile, kuba nokuhlangenwe nakho okungcono kokuphequlula, ukudlala imidlalo ku-inthanethi, noma ukusakaza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Futhi kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokwenza lokhu Gcina i-firmware ye-router yakho ibuyekeziwe.Izibuyekezo azilungisi nje kuphela amaphutha kanye nobuthakathaka, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-VPN noma zengeze ukwesekwa kwezinqubo ezintsha ezifana ne-WireGuard noma ukuthuthukiswa kwe-OpenVPN.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi uma uvula i-VPN uxhumano lwenethiwekhi luhamba kancane kakhulu, cabanga Khulisa isignali yakho ye-WiFi ngama-repeater noma izinhlelo ze-mesh, noma ngisho Lungiselela i-TCP/IP kanye nenethiwekhi yakhoNoma uthuthukele ku-router ene-CPU enamandla kakhulu. I-processor yesimanje izokwenza umehluko uma yonke inethiwekhi ibethelwe.
Ngokuphathelene nezinhlelo zokusebenza, akunamsebenzi kangako ukukopisha umsebenzi: uma i-router yakho isivele ivikela yonke inethiwekhi nge-VPNAkudingeki uvule enye i-VPN efonini noma kwikhompyutha yakho ngaphandle kokuthi ufuna izwe elihlukile noma iphrofayili ethile kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa ama-VPN amabili ochungechungeni kuvame ukunciphisa isivinini ngaphandle kokunikeza noma yikuphi ukuthuthuka kwangempela ezimweni eziningi.
Ukuze uthole ukuphepha nobumfihlo, Gwema izinsizakalo ze-VPN zamahhala ngangokunokwenzeka. futhi ufunde Thola abahlaseli kunethiwekhi yakho ye-WiFiNgokuvamile ziza zigcwele imikhawulo, izikhangiso, kanye nezinqubomgomo zokubhalisa ezingacacile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinsizakalo ezikhokhelwayo ezisekelwe kahle ngokuvamile zinikeza ukubethela okungcono, izinketho eziningi zokucushwa kwe-router, kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe okungakusiza uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.
Ekugcineni, yigcine kuzintandokazi zakho. ikheli le-IP lokuphatha i-router yakho Futhi, uma umhlinzeki wakho ekuvumela, gcina amaphrofayili eseva amaningana eduze uma kwenzeka udinga ukushintsha amazwe noma ukuxazulula izinkinga zesivinini. Ngale ndlela, ungafinyelela futhi ulungise izilungiselelo ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuzifuna isikhathi ngasinye.
Nakuba ukusetha i-VPN ku-router yakho kungase kubonakale kuthusa kancane ekuqaleni, uma ulandela izinyathelo ngokuthula futhi uqonda ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yenzaniIba ithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu lokuvikela wonke amadivayisi akho, ukuxhuma amanethiwekhi akude, nokulawula kangcono ukuthi ubani ofinyelela izinsiza zakho nokuthi kanjani, kokubili ekhaya nasezindaweni zehhovisi.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.