Indlela yokukhetha i-oscilloscope enhle yokuxhuma ku-PC yakho

Ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-oscilloscope ongayithenga ukuze uxhume ku-PC kuwumbuzo ojwayelekile phakathi kwabathanda izinto zikagesi kanye nezingcweti.Ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo ngayinye nezincomo, kunezinto ezimbalwa zobuchwepheshe ezingenza umehluko phakathi kokuthenga okuhlakaniphile nezisetshenziswa ezivele zinganele kumaphrojekthi akho. Ngakho-ke, sizodabula yonke into ehilelekile ekukhetheni unolwazi, sisebenzisa ulwazi lwakamuva kanye nolwazi olubanzi.

Akunandaba ukuthi ungumfundi, uchwepheshe wezokulungisa, unjiniyela noma umkhandi wemishini kagesi oshisekayo.Emigqeni elandelayo, uzoqonda ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke—nokuthi kungani—ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imali yakho, kanye nokuthi yimaphi amamodeli ahamba phambili emakethe njengamanje. Ngizophinde ngixoxe ngezinzuzo zama-oscilloscopes e-USB ngaphezu kwendabuko kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo uxhumano lwekhompiyutha ukuze uthole okuningi esilinganisweni ngasinye.

Iyini ngempela i-PC oscilloscope futhi kungani ukhetha i-USB?

I-oscilloscope iyithuluzi eliyisisekelo ku-electronics. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo ukuthi isignali kagesi ihluka kanjani el tiempo, okwenza kube lula ukuthola izinkinga, hlaziya ukuziphatha kwesifunda, futhi uhumushe ukwaziswa okungenakwenzeka ukutholwa nge-multimeter evamile. Amamodeli aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa nekhompyutha ngokuvamile Ama-oscilloscopes e-USB, okusho izinzuzo ezimbili: zihlangene kakhulu, amalaptop futhi ukonga, futhi usebenzise isikrini se-PC yakho nezisetshenziswa ukuze ubonise futhi uhlaziye amasignali.

Kungani amamodeli e-USB ethandwa kangaka? Ngoba isofthiwe yayo ivumela ukuhlaziywa okuthuthukisiwe, ukugcinwa kwenani elikhulu ledatha, kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esivumelana nezimo kunemishini evamile.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-oscilloscope ye-USB

• Ukuphatheka nokunethezeka: Usayizi wabo ohlangene ukuvumela ukuthi uzisebenzise noma yikuphi: udinga kuphela ikhompuyutha ephathekayo yakho kanye nethuluzi ngokwalo, ngaphandle kokuncika esikrinini esizinikele.
• Inani lemali: Awonga kakhulu kunamakhompuyutha edeskithophu evamile, okwenza afinyeleleke kalula kubafundi nasezilabhorethri ezincane.
• Amandla we isitoreji: Ngenxa ye-hard drive yekhompyutha yakho, ungagcina okurekhodiwe okude futhi uhlaziye amasignali ayinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngemikhawulo ebonakalayo yememori yangaphakathi yedivayisi.
• Isoftware ethuthukile: Azibonisi kuphela isignali, kodwa futhi zivumela ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo, ukonga idatha kanye nokuthekelisa, ukukhiqizwa kombiko, ukuthwebula umcimbi, futhi, ezimweni eziningi, izici zokuvuselela ngesofthiwe.

Izici ezibalulekile lapho ukhetha i-oscilloscope ye-PC enhle

Imfihlo yokwenza ukuthenga okulungile ukwazi nokuqhathanisa imininingwane ebaluleke ngempela.Ngezansi uzofunda ngokuningiliziwe izici okungafanele uzinake kuye ngokusetshenziswa ohlela ukukunikeza.

1. Umkhawulokudonsa

I-bandwidth inquma ubukhulu befrikhwensi i-oscilloscope engakwazi ukuyikala ngokunembile.Uma usebenza ngamasignali anesivinini esikhulu (ama-microcontrollers, amabhasi edijithali, amasignali e-analog asheshayo), udinga imodeli enomkhawulokudonsa odlula ngokucacile imvamisa enkulu yamasignali akho.

Isincomo esisebenzayo: Ngokuxilongwa kwezinto zikagesi zasekhaya, ukulungiswa kwe-TV, okulalelwayo, noma okufanayo, umkhawulokudonsa ongu-60–100 MHz ngokuvamile wanele. Ukuze uthole amaphrojekthi amaningi ochwepheshe (ezokuxhumana, i-RF, amasistimu edijithali athuthukile), cabangela amamodeli ano-200 MHz noma ngaphezulu. Amamodeli wabafundi abayisisekelo ngokuvamile anikela ngo-60–100 MHz, nakuba amanye amamodeli athuthukile efinyelela amaza aphezulu.

2. Izinga lesampula

Izinga lesampula libonisa ukuthi mangaki amasampula ngomzuzwana i-oscilloscope engathwebula.Uma iphansi, uzolahlekelwa imininingwane kumasiginali ahamba ngokushesha: kufanele uhlose isilinganiso samasampuli izikhathi ezingu-2,5–4 zomkhawulokudonsa wesiginali. Ochwepheshe bayeluleka ukuthi uma izinga lesampula liphakeme, ukukhiqizwa kwesignali kuyoba okuthembekile kakhulu futhi kuyancipha ukuhlanekezela.

Isibonelo, uma isignali yakho eshesha kakhulu ingu-20 MHz, i-oscilloscope kufanele isampula okungenani engu-80-100 MS/s (amasampula e-mega ngomzuzwana).

3. Ukujula kwenkumbulo

Ukujula kwenkumbulo kuchaza ukuthi mangakhi amaphuzu i-oscilloscope engawagcina ekuthwebuleni idatha eyodwa.Lapho ukujula kukhulu, kuba namandla amakhulu okusondeza nokuhlaziya imininingwane kumasignali amade.

Ukuze uhlaziye imicimbi emide noma omaka bendawo emicimbini ethile ngaphakathi kwesignali ende, ukujula kwenkumbulo kubalulekile. Uma inkumbulo inomkhawulo, ngeke ukwazi ukuhlola amasignali ngokuningiliziwe lapho usondeza ekuthwebuleni.

4. Inani lamashaneli

Inani lamashaneli linquma ukuthi mangaki amasiginali ongawakala ngesikhathi esisodwa.Ama-PC oscilloscopes ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngamashaneli angu-2 noma angu-4, nakuba amamodeli athuthukile angakhuphukela ku-16. Ezinhlelweni eziningi, amashaneli angu-2 anele, kodwa uma udinga ukuqhathanisa amasignali amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, bheka amamodeli ana-4 noma ngaphezulu.

Khumbula ukuthi uma unamashaneli amaningi, izindleko ziphezulu kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinto zokusebenza.

I-Trigger System: Ukuthwebula Imicimbi Ebalulekile

Isistimu yokuqalisa ibalulekile ukuze uthwebule imicimbi ethile kusiginaliIzibangeli ezivame kakhulu izibangeli zonqenqema (uma isignali ikhuphuka noma iwela ngaphansi kwevelu ethile), kodwa okokusebenza kwesimanje kunikeza ukucupha okusekelwe ubude besikhathi, ileveli yokucabanga, izivumelwano, nezinye izehlakalo ezithuthukile.

Isistimu yokucupha enhle isiza ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuxilonga, ihlunge umsindo, futhi igxile kulokho okubalulekile kuphela. Amamodeli akamuva ahlanganisa i-hysteresis eguquguqukayo nezinketho zokucupha okulandelanayo, okwenza kube lula ukuthwebula imicimbi ethile noma okudidayo kumasignali ayinkimbinkimbi.

Ezinye izici ezengeziwe ezifanele

Ukuhambisana kwesoftware namandla

Izinga nokusebenza kwesofthiwe ehambisana nama-oscilloscopes e-USB kuyehluka kakhulu.. Bheka izinhlelo ezinembile ezihambisana nohlelo lwakho lokusebenza (Windows, MacOS, Linux) futhi okuvumela ukuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe—sondeza, ukuhlaziya okubukekayo, ukulinganisa okuzenzakalelayo, ukuthunyelwa kwedatha, imibiko, ukugcinwa kwezithombe—ukusebenzisa ithuluzi ngokugcwele.

Ikhwalithi kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zama-probes

I-oscilloscope kanye nama-probes ayo akha uhlelo lokulinganisa oluhlangene.Ama-probe ekhwalithi ephansi noma ama-probe anomkhawulokudonsa onganele angakhawulela ukusebenza kwe-oscilloscope yakho, ngisho noma kuyi-oscilloscope enhle kakhulu. Ngaso sonke isikhathi khetha ama-10x passive probes wokulinganisa injongo evamile, futhi ucabangele umehluko noma ama-high-voltage probes, kuye ngohlobo lokuhlola okwenzayo.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-analog ne-digital oscilloscopes

Namuhla, amamodeli amaningi axhumeke kwi-PC ayidijithali..

• I-Analog: Babonisa isiginali ngesikhathi sangempela, ilungele ukubhekwa ngokuqondile, kodwa ngaphandle kokurekhoda noma imisebenzi yokuhlaziya ethuthukisiwe.
• digital: Baguqulela isignali ye-analog ibe isignali yedijithali futhi bavumele ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo, ukugcinwa, ukusondeza, ukususwa komsindo neminye imisebenzi.

Ikusasa liyidijithali, ikakhulukazi uma ufuna ukusizakala ngesoftware kanye nokuxhumana kwe-PC.

Izici ezithuthukisiwe nokunye okwengeziwe kwama-oscilloscopes e-USB yesimanje

Ngaphezu kokucaciswa okuyisisekelo, Amamodeli amanje ahlanganisa imisebenzi ewusizo:

• Ukugcina nokuqhathanisa amagagasi
• Ukuboniswa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwamasignali amaningi
• Ukuhlaziywa kwephrothokholi (I2C, SPI, UART, CAN…)
• Khipha ngamafomethi ahlukene
• Ukuhlaziywa kweFFT (Fast Fourier Transform)
• Ukusondeza okuningiliziwe nokuhlelwa kwesignali
• Izibonisi ezinemibala eminingi ukuze ukhonjwe kalula
• Ukuphatheka namandla ebhethri ku-PC

Amamodeli afakiwe we-USB oscilloscopes yokuxhuma ku-PC

Uhlu olulandelayo lunikeza okokusebenza okukalwe kakhulu futhi okunconyiwe kwamaphrofayili ahlukahlukene:

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Iseluleko esiwusizo ngaphambi kokuthenga

Ngaphambi kokuthi unqume, Hlaziya ngokucophelela uhlelo lokusebenza oluyinhloko kanye nezimpawu ozozikalaUma kungokwemisebenzi eyisisekelo kuphela noma ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, beka kuqala kalula kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Ukuze uthole ukuguquguquka okukhulu nokusebenza, tshala kumkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, amanani amasampula, nezinketho zokucupha ezithuthukile. Hlola ukuhambisana nesofthiwe yakho nekhompyutha.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi uhlinzeka ngosekelo, izibuyekezo, nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele (njengama-probe namakhebuli).

Ukukhetha i-oscilloscope efanele ukuze uxhume ku-PC yakho kudinga ukuhlola izici zobuchwepheshe—ezifana nomkhawulokudonsa, isilinganiso sesampula, inkumbulo, namashaneli—futhi uzivumelanise nezidingo zakho zangempela. Isilinganiso sokusebenza kwentengo, izici zesofthiwe, nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe kuyisihluthulelo sokuba nethuluzi eliguquguqukayo nelithembekile, kusukela kumaphrojekthi wezimfundamakhwela kuya ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezichwepheshile.