- I-NET Framework 4.x ibuyekezwa endaweni, futhi inguqulo eyodwa kuphela ye-4.x ingaba khona kukhompuyutha ngayinye.
- para Izinhlelo zokusebenza izinguqulo ezindala zidinga i-.NET Framework 3.5, enganikwa amandla njengesici.
- Windows 11 (22H2+) ihlanganisa 4.8.1; Windows 10 22H2 isekela ukufaka i-4.8.1.
- Izifaki zewebhu/ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, amaphekhi olimi, namaphekhi kanjiniyela njengoba kudingeka.
Uma uke wabona isaziso sicela i-.NET Framework lapho uvula uhlelo, awuwedwa: izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-Windows zincike kule ngxenye . Lo mhlahlandlela uzokunikeza lonke ulwazi oludingayo, okuhlanganisa nokuthi iyiphi inguqulo ye-Windows eza nayo, ukuthi ungayibuyekeza kanjani ibe yinguqulo yakamuva, ukuthi ungayinika kanjani amandla i-.NET Framework 3.5 lapho uhlelo lokusebenza oludala luyicela, nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani namaphutha okufaka avamile.
Ngaphambi kokuthi singene emininingwaneni, kuyasiza ukucacisa: inguqulo yakamuva ye-.NET Framework ingu-4.8.1 , ehambisana nazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezakhelwe i-.NET Framework 4.x. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlelo lokusebenza lwenzelwe i-.NET 1.1 kuya ku-3.5, luzodinga ingxenye ye-.NET Framework 3.5. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi uzobona ifasitela elikushukumisela ukuthi ulande lesi sici; lokhu kuvamile, futhi ngaphandle kwezimo zezinkampani eziqinile, ukwamukela nje ngokuvamile kwanele.
Izinguqulo ezisekelwayo ze-.NET Framework
I-ecosystem ye-Windows inemindeni emibili eyinhloko: i-.NET Framework 3.5 (eyenzelwe ukusebenzisa isofthiwe endala) kanye nomugqa we-4.x (4.0 kuya ku-4.8.1). I-Microsoft iyaqhubeka nokusekela i-.NET Framework 3.5 ekusebenziseni izinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa ayincomi ukudala amaphrojekthi amasha ngaleyo nguqulo. Uma uhlelo lokusebenza luhlose izinguqulo 1.0–3.5 futhi uhlelo lungenayo inguqulo 3.5 efakiwe, i-Windows izotshela umsebenzisi ukuthi ayifake ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Igatsha le-4.x lisebenza njengokuthuthukiswa okukhona: inguqulo eyodwa kuphela ye-4.x engahlala ndawonye kukhompyutha eyodwa . Uma uzama ukufaka inguqulo endala ye-4.x futhi usuvele unayo entsha, ngeke ikuvumele. Ngokufanayo, uma uhlelo seluvele luze nenguqulo ethile ye-4.x, akunakwenzeka ukubuyela kwendala, yize ungathuthukela enguqulweni entsha ngaphandle kokukhipha noma yini.
Kwabathuthukisi, i-Visual Studio isebenzisa amaphakethe okuthuthukisa athile (i-Developer Pack/Targeting Pack) ukuze iqondise amaphrojekthi ezinguqulweni ezithile ze-.NET Framework 4.x. Uma ugcina isofthiwe endala, faka iphakethe elihambisanayo ukuze i-IDE ikuvumele ukuthi uhlanganise ngokumelene naleyo nguqulo.
Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi yini onayo, ungabheka ngaphakathi kwe-Windows: kunezindlela zokubuka izinguqulo ze-.NET Framework ezifakiwe . Lokhu kukusindisa ekufakeni kabusha into esevele ikhona noma kukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kungani umfakisi enqaba ukuqhubeka.
Windows 11
I-Windows 11 yaqala ukuqaliswa nge-.NET Framework 4.8, kodwa kusukela kunguqulo 22H2 (Septhemba 2022), ifaka i-.NET Framework 4.8.1 ngokuzenzakalelayo . Ngakho-ke, amakhompyutha amaningi amanje asevele enenguqulo yakamuva efakiwe ngaphambilini. Ithebula elilandelayo linikeza umbono omfushane:
| Windows 11 (inguqulo) | .NET ifakiwe | Usekelo lwakamuva lwe-.NET |
|---|---|---|
| 24H2 (Okthoba 2024) | 4.8.1 | 4.8.1 |
| 23H2 (Okthoba 2023) | 4.8.1 | 4.8.1 |
| 22H2 (Septhemba 2022) | 4.8.1 | 4.8.1 |
| 21H2 (Okthoba 2021) | 4.8 | 4.8.1 |
Uma ikhompyutha yakho isebenzisa i-Windows 11 21H2 , ungafaka i-4.8.1 ngesandla ngokulanda isifaki. Kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlelo ze-Windows 11, inguqulo yesimanje isivele ifakiwe. Uma noma yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala zidinga i-.NET 3.5, imiyalelo yokuthi ungayivula kanjani uma kudingeka inikezwe ngezansi.
Ifaka i-.NET Framework ku-Windows 11
Ku-Windows 21H2, landa isifaki se-.NET Framework 4.8.1 bese usiqhuba ngamalungelo okuphatha; awudingi ukukhipha noma yini kusengaphambili . Ku-.NET Framework 3.5 (esebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza kusukela ku-1.0 kuya ku-3.5), sebenzisa Izici ze-Windows noma i-On-Demand Installation uma ucelwa uhlelo.
Windows 10
I-Windows 10 yayifakiwe ekuqaleni i-.NET Framework 4.6, yize izinguqulo zakamuva zengezwe ngezibuyekezo ezalandela. Inguqulo yokugcina esekelwayo ye-Windows 10 ingu-22H2 , eyafika ekupheleni kwayo ngo-Okthoba 14, 2025. Ngezansi kunesifinyezo sezinguqulo ezifanele:
| Windows 10 (inguqulo) | .NET ifakiwe | Usekelo lwakamuva lwe-.NET |
|---|---|---|
| 22H2 (Okthoba 2022) | 4.8 | 4.8.1 |
| 21H2 / 21H1 / 20H2 | 4.8 | 4.8.1 |
| 2004 / 1909 / 1903 | 4.8 | 4.8 |
| 1809 / 1803 | 4.7.2 | 4.8 |
| 1709 | 4.7.1 | 4.8 |
| 1703 | 4.7 | 4.8 |
| 1607 | 4.6.2 | 4.8 |
| 1511 | 4.6.1 | 4.6.2 |
| 1507 | 4.6 | 4.6.2 |
Ku-22H2 ungafaka i-4.8.1 ngaphandle kwenkinga, kuyilapho ochungechungeni lwangaphambilini inguqulo ephezulu ingahluka . Uma udinga i-.NET Framework 3.5, khumbula ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise isofthiwe endala (1.0 kuya ku-3.5) futhi inikwe amandla njengesici sesistimu.
Ifaka i-.NET Framework ku-Windows 10
Landa isifaki se-.NET Framework 4.8.1 se-Windows 10 22H2 bese usiqhuba nge-akhawunti yomlawuli. Ku-.NET 3.5 , sebenzisa iphaneli ethi "Vula noma Vala izici ze-Windows" noma imodi ye-On-Demand uma ucelwa uhlelo lokusebenza.
IWindows Server
Zonke izinguqulo ze-Windows Server zifaka inguqulo ethile ye-.NET Framework, yize kungezona zonke ezisasekelwa. Njengamanje, i-Windows Server 2022 kanye ne-Windows Server 2025 ziyasekelwa futhi zifaka inguqulo yakamuva (4.8.1). Imininingwane ngohlobo:
| IWindows Server | .NET ifakiwe | Usekelo lwakamuva lwe-.NET |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 Windows Server | 4.8.1 | 4.8.1 |
| 2022 Windows Server | 4.8 | 4.8.1 |
| 2019 Windows Server | 4.7.2 | 4.8 |
| 2016 Windows Server | 4.6.2 | 4.8 |
| Windows Server 2012 / 2012 R2 | 4.5 / 4.5.1 | 4.8 |
| IWindows Server 2008 R2 SP1 | 3.5 | 4.8 |
| I-Windows Server 2008 SP2 | 2.0 | 4.6 |
| 2003 Windows Server | 2.0 | 4.0 |
I-Server 2025 iza ne-.NET Framework 4.8.1 efakwe kusengaphambili. Ku-Server 2022, ungathuthukela ku-4.8.1 usebenzisa isifaki . Ukuze usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala, i-.NET Framework 3.5 inikwe amandla njengesici (bheka isigaba esilandelayo).
Faka i-.NET Framework 3.5 ku-Windows Server
Vula i-Server Manager bese ukhetha okuthi "Engeza Izindima Nezici." Zulazulela ku-"Izici" bese uthola okuthi ".NET Framework 3.5 Izici"; ngaphakathi kwayo, khetha okuthi ".NET Framework 3.5 (kufaka phakathi i-.NET 2.0 kanye ne-3.0)." Chofoza okuthi Faka, futhi uma ucelwa yi-wizard, qala kabusha iseva . Le nqubo iyanconywa lapho umfakisi ekutshela ukuthi akakwazi ukwengeza isici ngezinye izindlela.
Windows 8.1, 8, 7, Vista kanye ne-XP
Lezi zinguqulo azisasekelwa, kodwa kungase kudingeke wazi ukuthi zazihlanganisani nokuthi yimaphi amakhono akho amanje. Ulwazi olubalulekile lomlando:
| Windows | .NET ifakiwe | Usekelo lwakamuva lwe-.NET |
|---|---|---|
| Windows 8.1 | 4.5.1 | 4.8 |
| Windows 8 | 4.5 | 4.6.1 |
| Windows 7 | 3.5 | 4.8 |
| Windows Vista | 3.0 | 4.6 |
| Windows XP SP3 | Akukho | 4.0.3 |
| Windows XP SP2 | Akukho | 3.5 |
| Windows XP | Akukho | 1.0 |
Khumbula ukuthi okunye ukulanda akusatholakali futhi abanye abafaki kungenzeka bangasebenzi kulezi zinhlelo. Isibonelo, inguqulo yakamuva yesifaki esingu-4.8 ingase ingasebenzi ku-8.1 . Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungadingeka ubheke ama-binary amadala i-Microsoft engasawasabalalisi.
.NET Framework 3.5: Nini futhi Kanjani Ukuyivumela
Uma, uma uvula uhlelo lokusebenza, kuvela iwindi elinikeza "Ukulanda nokufaka lesi sici," kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luhlose i-.NET 1.1–3.5. Khetha ukuqhubeka nokunika amandla i-.NET Framework 3.5 ; uzodinga uxhumano lwe-inthanethi. Ku-Windows, i-.NET 4.x ayisebenzisi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala zodwa; kulezo, kudingeka i-3.5.
Ukuze uyivule ngesandla ku-Windows (izinhlelo zamakhasimende), iya kumenyu ethi Qala, sesha "Izici ze-Windows," bese uvula "Vula noma uvale izici ze-Windows." Khetha ".NET Framework 3.5 (kufaka phakathi i-.NET 2.0 kanye ne-3.0)" bese uchofoza okuthi Kulungile. Akudingeki ukhethe izinketho zokuqalisa ze-WCF (i-HTTP noma okungeyona i-HTTP) ngaphandle kokuthi ungumthuthukisi noma umphathi ozidingayo.
Ukufakwa okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kwe-.NET Framework 3.5
Ezinguqulweni zangaphambi kweWindows 10 kanye neWindows Server 2016, kukhona isifaki esingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi se-.NET 3.5 SP1. Kusukela kuWindows 10/Server 2016, indlela esekelwayo kuphela yendawo engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ukusebenzisa amafayela e-CAB avela kumidiya yokufaka yokuqala bese uyivula nge-DISM. Lena yindlela enconywayo uma kungekho uxhumano lwe-inthanethi noma amaphutha okulanda ayenzeka . Bheka umhlahlandlela wokufaka izibuyekezo ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
Izinhlobo zezifaki namanothi abalulekile
Ku-.NET Framework 4.5 nakamuva, kunezinketho ezimbili zokufaka: iwebhu (ilanda okudingekayo ngesikhathi sangempela) kanye ne-offline (kufaka phakathi zonke izingxenye) . Isifaki sewebhu silula kodwa sidinga uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluzinzile; isifaki esingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi sikhulu, asifaki amaphakethe ezilimi, futhi silungele amakhompyutha angenawo ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi noma anemikhawulo.
Bobabili abafaki basekela ukwakheka kwe-x86 kanye ne-x64, kodwa abahambisani ne-Itanium . Ngesikhathi sokulanda, khetha ulimi lwekhasi (lokhu kuthinta umbhalo wewebhusayithi, hhayi izinsiza zohlaka), chofoza okuthi "Landa," futhi uma ucelwa, khetha i-binary ehambisana nokwakheka kwakho. Ngemuva kwalokho ungachofoza okuthi "Run" ukuze ufake noma okuthi "Londoloza" uma uhlela ukuyisabalalisa kabusha ngesifaki sakho.
Amanothi abalulekile: Ukufaka i-.NET 4.5 noma kamuva kuthatha indawo ye-.NET 4.0 . Ukukhipha i-4.5+ kuzosusa namafayela e-4.0, futhi uma udinga ukubuyela ku-4.0, kuzodingeka ufake kabusha i-.NET 4.0 kanye nezibuyekezo zayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqinisekiso zomlawuli ziyadingeka ukuze ufake i-4.5 noma kamuva.
Inothi lomlando: I-.NET 4.5 ephinde yasatshalaliswa ibuyekezwe ngo-Okthoba 2012 ukuze kulungiswe inkinga yesitembu sesikhathi sesitifiketi. Uma ubusebenzisa iphakheji ka-Agasti 2012, bekufanele ubuyekeze uye enguqulweni yakamuva . Le nkinga ibhalwe kuseluleko sokuphepha se-Microsoft.
Amaphakethe olimi
Amaphakethe ezilimi afaka izinsizakusebenza zasendaweni (umbhalo wesixhumi kanye nemiyalezo yamaphutha). Uma ungazifaki, umbhalo we-.NET Framework uzovela ngesiNgisi . Isifaki sewebhu singeza ngokuzenzakalelayo ulimi oluhambisana nesistimu yakho; isifaki esingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi asifaki izilimi, futhi kuzodingeka uzilande ngokwehlukana.
Izilimi ezitholakalayo kanye namasiko azo ahlobene (ukutholakala kuncike kunguqulo ngayinye): ungafaka ezingaphezu kweyodwa uma kudingeka.
| Ulimi | Cultura |
|---|---|
| Isi-Arabhu | Ar |
| IsiCzech | Cs |
| IsiDenishi | Yebo |
| IsiDashi | Nl |
| Isi-Finnish | Fi |
| IsiNgisi (US) | es-ES |
| Frances | EFrance |
| IsiJalimane | de |
| Griego | El |
| IsiHebheru | le |
| Húngaro | hu |
| Italian | ESO |
| IsiJapane | ja |
| Isi-Korean | ko |
| IsiNorway | Cha |
| Polaco | pl |
| IsiPutukezi (eBrazil) | i-pt-BR |
| Isi-Portuguese (Portugal) | i-pt-PT |
| Ruso | Ru |
| IsiShayina Esenziwe Lula | zh-CHS |
| isi-Español | es |
| Sueco | Sv |
| IsiShayina sendabuko | zh-CHT |
| I-Turco | Tr |
Ukulanda ngenguqulo (.NET Framework 4.5 kuya ku-4.8.1)
Uma udinga iphakheji ethile, nansi isifinyezo sokuthi ihlanganiswa kuphi nokuthi ingafakwa kumaphi amapulatifomu. Ukuze uthuthukise, landa i-Developer Pack/Targeting Pack ; ukuze usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza, sebenzisa isifaki esingasabalaliswa kabusha (iwebhu noma ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi):
| I-Versión | Kufakwe phakathi | Ingafakwa ku-(izibonelo) |
|---|---|---|
| 4.8.1 | Windows 11 (22H2+), Visual Studio 2022 (17.3) | Windows 11; Windows 10 (21H1/21H2/20H2); I-Windows Server 2022 |
| 4.8 | Windows 11; Windows 10 Meyi 2019 Update+; I-VS 2019 (16.3) | Windows 10 (Isikhumbuzo/Abadali/Abadali Bekwindla/April 2018/Okthoba 2018); IWindows 8.1; Iseva 2022/2019/1809/1803 |
| 4.7.2 | Windows 10 Okthoba/April 2018; Iseva 2019; I-VS 2017 (15.8) | Windows 10 (Isikhumbuzo/Abadali/Abadali Bekwindla); IWindows 8.1; Iseva 1709 nangaphambili |
| 4.7.1 | Windows 10 Fall Creators; Iseva 1709; I-VS 2017 (15.5) | Windows 10 (Abadali/Isikhumbuzo); IWindows 8.1; Iseva yango-2016 nangaphambili |
| 4.7 | Windows 10 Abadali; I-VS 2017 (15.3) | Windows 10 Anniversary; IWindows 8.1; Iseva yango-2016 nangaphambili |
| 4.6.2 | Windows 10 Anniversary | Windows 10 Isibuyekezo sikaNovemba; IWindows 8.1; Iseva ka-2012 R2 nangaphambili |
| 4.6.1 | I-VS 2015 Update 2 | Windows 10/8.1; Iseva ka-2012 R2 nangaphambili |
| 4.6 | Windows 10; VS 2015 | IWindows 8.1; Iseva ka-2012 R2 nangaphambili |
| 4.5.2 | - | Windows 8.1 nangaphambilini; Iseva ka-2012 R2 nangaphambili |
| 4.5.1 | IWindows 8.1; Iseva 2012 R2; VS 2013 | Windows 8 nangaphambilini; Iseva 2012 nangaphambili |
| 4.5 | IWindows 8; Iseva 2012; VS 2012 | Windows 7 nangaphambilini; Iseva 2008 SP2 nangaphambilini |
Khumbula ukuthi i-Developer Pack ayifaki izinguqulo zangaphambilini (isibonelo, iphakethe le-4.8 alifaki u-4.7). Uma uzosabalalisa uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ungafaka okungasatshalaliswa kabusha okufanele kusifaki sakho.
Onjiniyela kanye ne-Visual Studio
Uma ulondoloza amaphrojekthi amadala, faka i-Developer Pack/Targeting Pack yenguqulo ethile bese uyivula kusukela ku-Visual Studio Installer ngesikhathi sokulayisha "I-Desktop Development with .NET". Uma i-MSBuild ibonisa iphutha le-MSB3644 ("Akukho mihlangano yokubhekisela etholakele"), ikhambi ukufaka iphakethe lenguqulo oyiqondisile.
Ukuze uthole ukuthuthukiswa kwe-.NET Framework 3.5, qala ngokunika amandla i-3.5 ohlelweni lwakho, bese ukhetha amathuluzi okuthuthukisa i-.NET Framework 3.5 kuthebhu ethi "Izingxenye Zomuntu Ngamunye" ye-Visual Studio. Lokhu kuzokunikeza ukufinyelela kuma-reference assemblies, ama-language pack, kanye ne-IntelliSense.
Isincomo samanje seMicrosoft: Ukuze uthole intuthuko entsha, sebenzisa i-.NET 8 noma kamuva . Izinguqulo zanamuhla ze-.NET zisebenza kuzo zonke izinkundla, zisekela izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi zinikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu, kuyilapho zikuvumela ukuthi ugcine isofthiwe edinga i-.NET Framework.
Ukuxazulula inkinga yokufaka
Ngesikhathi sokufaka, ungase uhlangane namakhodi ephutha afana ne -0x800f0906, 0x800f0907, 0x800f081f, noma i-0x800F0922 . Bheka umhlahlandlela wokuxazulula inkinga yokufaka we-.NET Framework 3.5 uma la maphutha ethinta leso sici. Ngokuvamile, la maphutha axazululwa ngokunika amandla isici kusetshenziswa imidiya yokufaka kanye ne-DISM, noma ngokuqinisekisa ukuxhumana kumaseva e-Windows Update . Ungasebenzisa futhi leli thuluzi ukuxazulula inkinga ye-.NET Framework 4.5.
Uma ungenayo i-inthanethi noma usabambekile, faka imidiya yakho yokufaka ye-Windows esemthethweni (ISO/USB) bese usebenzisa i-DISM ukuze wengeze i-.NET Framework 3.5 kusuka kufolda ye-\sources\sxs. Uma ungenayo imidiya, yidale usebenzisa ithuluzi le-Microsoft elisemthethweni . Ezindaweni ezine-"Features on Demand," qinisekisa ukuthi imithombo yokuqukethwe ihlelwe kahle.
Ngazo zonke lezi zinto ezingenhla, kufanele manje wazi ukuthi iyiphi i-.NET Framework oyidingayo, ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani, nokuthi ungayilanda kuphi kuye ngenguqulo yakho ye-Windows noma i-Windows Server. Khumbula: 3.5 yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala, 4.8.1 njengegatsha lakamuva, kanye nama-Developer Packs okuhlanganisa . Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, sebenzisa i-DISM ngemidiya yokufaka bese uhlola amakhodi amaphutha ukuze uxazulule inkinga ngokushesha okukhulu.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.