- TSMC izoyeka ukukhiqiza ama-chips IA ethuthukisiwe ezinkampanini zaseShayina ngenxa yemikhawulo yase-US.
- Bazokwazi kuphela ukwenza ama-chips ngezinqubo ezindala, okuzothinta ukusebenza kwe-AI.
- Lesi sinyathelo sihlose ukunqanda intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yaseChina ukuhlakanipha okufakelwayo.
- Izinkampani zifana Huawei futhi i-Alibaba izobona ukukhiqizwa kwabo kwe-chip kuthinteke kakhulu.
I-TSMC inqume ukumisa ukukhiqiza ama-chips obuhlakani bokwenziwa athuthukile kumakhasimende ayo e-China. Lesi sinyathelo siqhutshwa ngokuyinhloko yimikhawulo ekhulayo ebekwe uhulumeni wase-United States, okuhloswe ngayo ukukhawulela ukufinyelela kweChina kubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu. Kusukela ngoMsombuluko ozayo, ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa yi-TSMC kuma-nanometer angu-7 kanye nama-node amancane ngeke zisatholakala kumakhasimende aseShayina, isinqumo esizokwenza kube nzima ubudlelwano bezentengiselwano emkhakheni wama-semiconductors.
Lesi sinyathelo se-TSMC sizothinta ngokujulile izinkampani eziningi zobuchwepheshe zaseShayina, njenge Alibaba futhi Baidu, ababetshale izizumbulu zemali ekuthuthukiseni ama-chips okwenziwa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa komsebenzi wabo wamafu. Kodwa hhayi kuphela ama-giants aseShayina azothinteka, futhi azothinteka zokuqala izinkampani zasekhaya ezincike ekwenziweni kwalawa maships ukuze zihlale zincintisana kulo mkhakha osafufusa.
Isinqumo sixhumene ngqo nemikhawulo i-United States eyisebenzisile mayelana nobuchwepheshe be-semiconductor, esimeni lapho iWashington ifuna ukumisa ukuqhubeka kweChina kwezobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Le mikhawulo ayithinti kuphela ukuthunyelwa kwama-chips yizinkampani zase-US ezifana I-Nvidia, kodwa futhi ibeke imingcele ekusebenzeni kwezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe, njenge-TSMC, lapho imikhiqizo yazo isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe baseMelika ekwenzeni.
Kungani i-United States ikhawulela ukufinyelela kulobu buchwepheshe?
Kusukela eminyakeni ethile, I-United States ikhulise ukulawula kwayo phezu kobuchwepheshe be-semiconductor lokho kungagcina sekusezandleni zamaShayina, kucashunwa izindaba zokuphepha kwezwe. IWashington isike yazwakalisa ukwesaba kwayo ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa ngezinjongo zempi, okuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwezikhali ezizimele kanye nokuhlasela kwe-cyberattacks ngezinga elikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusolakala ukuthi ezinye izinkampani zaseShayina bezithenga ama-chips ngokungaqondile ngabaxhumanisi noma izinkampani ezingafakiwe 'kuhlu lwabamnyama', okudala ukukhathazeka kubaphathi base-US.
Onyakeni odlule, i-United States iqinise izinqubomgomo zayo zokulawula ukuthekelisa, okuhlanganisa imikhawulo ekuthunyelweni kwama-chips e-GPU abalulekile abalulekile kubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nezijeziso ezinkampanini ezifana Huawei ngokwephula le mithethonqubo. Ingcindezi ku-TSMC nezinye izinkampani ibilokhu injalo, ngokubuyekezwa njalo koMnyango Wezohwebo wase-US.
Umthelela embonini ye-semiconductor yaseShayina
Igalelo embonini yaseShayina libalulekile, kusukela I-TSMC ingenye yezinkampani ezimbalwa ezikwazi ukukhiqiza ama-chips anezinqubo ezithuthuke kangaka. Izinkampani ezifana SMIC, umkhiqizi ohamba phambili wase-China we-semiconductor, akakabi nawo amandla okukhiqiza ama-chips anama-node amancane njengama-nanometer angu-7 adingwa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa obuthuthukisiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ikhono le-China lokuqhubekisela phambili lobu buchwepheshe lizoncipha kakhulu, kufanele lithembele ezinqubweni ezindala ezinganikezi ukusebenza okufanayo.
Lokhu akuthinti nje izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe. Ama-Startups e-China aklama ama-chips awo e-AI athembele ku-TSMC ukuze akhiqize futhi manje kuzodingeka abheke ezinye izindlela ezingase zinganikezi ikhwalithi efanayo noma ukusebenza kahle. Ukuncika ezinkampanini ezifana ne-Alibaba ne-Baidu e-TSMC iphezulu kakhulu kangangokuthi kulindeleke ukwehla okuphawulekayo kokwethulwa kwemikhiqizo yayo ezayo ye-AI ngenxa yalo mkhawulo wezobuchwepheshe obekwe ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka.
I-US kanye nokungenelela kwayo kubuchwepheshe be-semiconductor
Ithonya le I-US ekufinyeleleni kweChina kuma-semiconductors athuthukile sekucacile kuleli cala. Ngisho nezinkontileka zomphakeli wama-chip womkhiqizi wase-Taiwan zingaba ngaphansi kokugunyazwa uhulumeni wase-US ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ubuchwepheshe abusetshenziselwa izinjongo iWashington ezibona njengezingafaneleki. Eqinisweni, kulindeleke ukuthi unswinyo oluthe xaxa lungaba ngaphansi kwabaphathi abasha e-US.
Uphenyo loMnyango Wezohwebo wase-US ukuthi ama-chips e-TSMC agcine efinyelele kanjani ezandleni zika Huawei, naphezu kwezigwegwe ezisebenzayo, iphinde yandisa ingcindezi enkampanini yaseTaiwan. Ngoba TSMC, ukuthobela imithetho yase-US kubalulekile hhayi nje ukugwema unswinyo, kodwa futhi nokuvikela ukufinyelela kwakho emakethe yaseNyakatho Melika, emele iphesenti eliphezulu kakhulu lomholo wakho.
Imboni ye-semiconductor yaseChina ibhekana nesinqumo se-TSMC, njengoba ngeke nje kubambezele ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezobunhloli bokwenziwa, kodwa kuzophinde kuthinte ezinye izindawo zobuchwepheshe ezincike kulawa maphrosesa athuthukile. Ngenxa yalokho, izinkampani zaseShayina kulindeleke ukuthi ziphendukele kubakhiqizi basekhaya, njenge-SMIC, umthamo wabo namandla okukhiqiza akwanele ukuhlangabezana nesidingo, futhi abanikeli ngekhwalithi efanayo.
Naphezu kobunzima, kulinganiselwa ukuthi iChina isazoqhubeka nokubheka izindlela zokunqoba lo mgoqo wezobuchwepheshe, kungaba ngentuthuko yendawo noma ngokubambisana namanye amazwe. Kodwa-ke, umthelela wesikhathi esifushane ngeke uphikwe, ikakhulukazi ezinkampanini ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe kanye neziqalo ezincike kuma-chips athuthuke kakhulu ukuncintisana emakethe yomhlaba.
Umbhali oshisekayo ngomhlaba wamabhayithi nobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile. Ngiyathanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami ngokubhala, futhi yilokho engizokwenza kule bhulogi, ngikubonise zonke izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngamagajethi, isofthiwe, ihadiwe, izitayela zobuchwepheshe, nokuningi. Inhloso yami ukukusiza ukuthi uzulazule emhlabeni wedijithali ngendlela elula nejabulisayo.