IRaspberry Pi OS ikhupha iDebian 13 “Trixie” isiseko esinedesktop entsha kunye neemetapackages

Uhlelo lwamva nje lweRaspberry Pi OS luthatha inyathelo elibalulekileyo ngokuzinza I-Debian 13 "i-Trixie", ukugcina undoqo KwiLinux 6.12 LTS kunye nokuphehlelela idesktop ekhazimlisiweyo ngakumbi ngaphandle kwesohlwayo sokusebenza. Olu tshintsho lwesiseko luvula umnyango kwiiphakheji ezintsha, ukuphuculwa okunzulu (okufana nokunciphisa i Y2038) kunye ne-ecosystem ethe kratya.

Nangona ukuhlaziywa kwezinto ezikhoyo kunokuzanywa, isiseko ngokwaso siyacebisa qala kufakelo olucocekileyo Ukuba uvela kwi-Bookworm, uya kufuna ukuthatha ithuba lombutho omtsha we-metapackage kwaye uphephe umva. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungxamile, ngezantsi siza kukuxelela indlela yokuvavanya ngokukhuselekileyo i-beta nge-APT.

Iimpawu eziphambili zeRaspberry Pi OS esekwe kwi-Trixie

Ukutsibela kwisiseko esitsha seDebian 13 kuzisa ikhathalogu esexesheni, ukwenziwa ngcono kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuzinikela okucacileyo imodyuli yedesktop. Konke oku kusekelwe phezu KwiLinux 6.12 LTS, i-kernel yenkxaso eyandisiweyo ebeka phambili uzinzo kunye neqhinga lokulungisa kunye nenkxaso hardware. Qhagamshelana ne iindaba ze-kernel.

Umbono obonakalayo utshintsha ulusu: zivela imixholo emibini ye-GTK vuselelwa -I-PiXtrix (ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokungagqibekanga) kunye I-PiXonyx (kumnyama)-, iseti ye icon ehambelanayo (PiXtrix), uhlobo olufundeka ngakumbi (Nunito Sans Light) kunye nengqokelela ehlaziyiweyo yangasemva. Le seti yenza ukuba okusingqongileyo kubukeke kwangoku ngakumbi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kukukhaphukhaphu.

Ngaphantsi kwe-hood, umfanekiso wedesktop wahlulwe phantsi metapackages ukuze kube lula kuwe ukuba uvele kwisiseko esincinci ukuya kwinto epheleleyo ngamanyathelo amabini. Oku, kongezwa kwi-a Iziko lolawulo idityaniswe ziiplagi, yenza lula zombini ufakelo lokuqala kunye nobomi boqwalaselo lwemihla ngemihla.

Ideshibhodi kunye nedesktop: iiplagi, iodolo kunye nococeko

Ibar yomsebenzi ibandakanya a inkqubo yokujonga ngezilumkiso zamandla kunye nezinye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ngokukrwaqula. Ukongeza, iipaneli wf-iphaneli-pi y lxpanel-pi Babelana ngoku a iplagi yewotshi ukuhambelana, okunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kunye nokubonelela ngokuhambelana.

Iphaneli yodidi lweLXDE igcinwa yifolokhwe ethile, lxpanel-pi, apho izongezo ezingagcinwanga zisusiwe ukuphumelela ukuthembekaOku kusikwa ngabom kuthanda i uzinzo lokusingqongileyo kwaye kunciphisa izinto ezicaphukisayo zemihla ngemihla.

Ngokubanzi, idesksi idibanisa ukubukeka kwanamhlanje kunye ne ukusetyenziswa okuphantsi kakhulu, into ephambili kwiqonga apho ibhalansi phakathi kwe-aesthetics kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kungenakuxoxisana.

Iziko elitsha loLawulo oluManyanisiweyo

Iisetingi zenkqubo zigxile kwi-app Isiko soLawulo, i-core lightweight elayisha ukusebenza ngendlela yeeplagi. Ithatha indawo eziluncedo ezahlukeneyo ezifana Uqwalaselo lweRaspberry Pi, Inkangeleko, Imouse kunye nekhibhodi, Useto lwescreen kunye nolawulo lomshicileli, olunikezelayo zonke kwifestile enye.

Le ndlela yemodyuli iyaxhasa ulwandiso lomntu wesithathu kunye namaphepha enzelwe ihardware ethile okanye izinto eziluncedo. Ukuba umenzi ufuna ukudibanisa izicwangciso zabo, banokukwenza ngaphandle kokubuyisela ivili, elibonelela nge uguquko engaqhelekanga kwiindawo zokukhanya ezinjalo.

Ikhibhodi kunye neemenyu: ezincinci, uphuculo olukhulu

Izixhobo ezibini zongezwa kwisigxina ijoliswe kwiibhodi ezisemthethweni: rpi-keyboard-config y rpi-keyboard-fw-update, yenzelwe qwalasela kwaye uhlaziye i-firmware apho kufanelekile, kwaye unokufunda ukwenza Khangela imisitho ye-USB kwiLinux ukwenza iintshukumo ezizenzekelayo. Zikhatshwa luphuculo kulawulo lwekhibhodi kwii-apps ze-GTK kunye nokucoca ngokucokisekileyo Imenyu enkulu ukuyenza ihambelane ngakumbi.

Ezi ntlobo zohlengahlengiso lokusebenziseka azenzi ngxolo, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha zenza umahluko: i-desktop iphendula ngcono, kukho ukukhuhlana okuncinci kwaye yonke into ilungile. iyahambelana kubasebenzisi abatsha kunye namagqala.

Iimetapackages kunye neendlela zokufakela

Idesktop yondlalwe ngokweebhloko ukwenza lula ukutsiba kancinci; ukuba uqala ukusuka Raspberry Pi OS Lite, unokongeza isiseko sokusingqongileyo nge rpd-wayland-core (Wayland) okanye rpd-x-core (X11), kwaye ugqibezele ngokuthanda kwakho nge rpd-izicelo kunye nephakheji yoncedo rpd-utilities, umzekelo for Yakha ikhonsoli ye-retro kunye neRaspberry Pi.

Kunye nale modularity kuza iinguqulelo zamva nje ze I-Chromium kunye neFirefox, kunye nolungelelwaniso ngokutsha lwempahla yemifanekiso yedesktop. Injongo kukwenza kube lula kuwe ukuguqula ufakelo Lite ngokupheleleyo (okanye ngokuphambeneyo) ngaphandle kwedrama okanye ezinqabileyo ezixhomekeke kwezinye.

Usetyenziso kunye nomxholo: Ithala leencwadi liya lisiba nzulu

Uhlelo lokusebenza Iincwadi Sele yahlula umxholo okhethekileyo kubaxhasi kwaye ibandakanya iqhosha Nikela ukuwavula. Izihloko zamva nje ziphawulwe ngo a icon icon Ukuba azifumaneki kwiakhawunti yakho, oku kucacisa ngokugqibeleleyo into onokuyivula ngoku kwaye yintoni efuna umrhumo.

Olu tshintsho lukhuthaza inkxaso ye-ecosystem ngaphandle kokuthintela amava okufunda kwabo bafuna nje ukuphonononga izinto ezivulekileyo okanye ukubona into entsha, kunye nophuhliso lwe iinkqubo zeRaspberry Pi.

Ukukhuphela, ukuhambelana kunye neendlela zokufakela

Umfanekiso weRaspberry Pi OS usekwe kwi Debian 13 Ikhutshelwa kwindawo esemthethweni kwaye ungayitshisa ngeRaspberry Pi Imager okanye izixhobo ezifanayo kwikhadi le-SD okanye i-USB drive. i-USB. Ushicilelo lwe 32 kunye nama-64 amasuntswana ukugubungela iimeko ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kunye nehardware. Ukuba usebenzisa i-PoE, jonga Isebenza njani iPoE kuthungelwano.

Ukuhambelana kwepleyiti: 1A+, 1B+, 2B, 3B, 3B+, 3A+, 4B, 400, 500, CM1, CM3, CM3+, CM4, CM4S, Zero, Zero W kunye noZero 2 W. Ukuba uvela Bookworm, isindululo esisemthethweni kukwenza i-backup kwaye wenze ufakelo olucocekileyo yomfanekiso omtsha we-Trixie ukunqanda ukutsala kwaye uthathe ithuba loyilo lwemodyuli ukusuka kumzuzu wokuqala.

Ukusebenza kunye nesiseko sobugcisa

I-tandem KwiLinux 6.12 LTS + I-Debian 13 ibonelela ngesiseko esilungelelene kakhulu: ukuphendula okuphuculweyo kwedesktop, amathala eencwadi anamhlanje kunye neepakethi, kunye notshintsho lwangaphakathi olulungiselelwe ukugcinwa kwexesha elideNgaphandle kokuthengisa umsi, kukho ulwelo olukhulu kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla.

Indibaniselwano entsha Iziko lolawulo, ulungelelwaniso ngokutsha ngeemetapackages kunye nokuzinikela kwimixholo ehlaziyiweyo kunye nee-icon kubeka iRaspberry Pi OS apho kufanele ukuba: inkqubo ukukhanya, kucacile kwaye kuyandiswa onokuthi ulungelelanise kakuhle nokuba uqala ukusuka ekuqaleni okanye uvela kulungiselelo oluncinci.

Uluvavanya njani i-beta ngokuhlela i-APT (ngokuqaphela)

Ukuba unomdla kwaye ukhetha ukuzama i-Trixie ngaphandle kokufaka kwakhona, unokunyanzela uhlaziyo nge-APT. Khumbula, nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunjalo kuvavanyo kuphela kunye nokuba olona khetho lunengqiqo kwimveliso lufakelo olucocekileyo olucetyiswa yiprojekthi.

Amanyathelo asisishwankathelo: Hlaziya inkqubo yakho yangoku kuqala, qalisa kwakhona ukuba kufanelekile, kwaye emva koko uhlele iindawo zokugcina zakho ukuze zalathe Trixie. Emva koko, sebenzisa uhlaziyo olupheleleyo kwaye ugqibezele nge nyusa umgangatho. Ukuthetha ngokubanzi, ukuhamba kuya kuba:

• Hlaziya ngoku: sudo apt update y sudo apt upgrade -y (ukuba iipakethi ezininzi zingena, qalisa kwakhona).
• Hlela ii-repos ngaphakathi /etc/apt/sources.list nangaphakathi /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.listendaweni ye uncwadi yi Trixie kuyo yonke imigca (kubandakanywa trixie-uhlaziyo y trixie-ukhuseleko).
• Hlaziya izalathisi kunye neepakethe: sudo apt update nangemva sudo apt upgrade (kuya kubakho iziqinisekiso kunye nezaziso zotshintsho loqwalaselo).
• Gqibezela ukuxhomekeka kunye notshintsho nge sudo apt dist-upgrade ukungena zonke iziqwenga yokukhutshwa okutsha.
• Qalisa kwakhona ukusebenzisa utshintsho lwehlabathi kwaye ekugqibeleni ukhulule indawo nge sudo apt autoremove y sudo apt autoclean.

Siyagxininisa: akusiyo indlela ekhuthazwa yisiseko, kodwa iyasebenza tinker kwaye uthathe i-pulse yenkqubo ngaphambi kokuthatha umtsi ngomfanekiso ococekileyo.

Izilumkiso kunye notshintsho lwelifa ukusuka kwi-Debian 13 ezinokukuchaphazela

I-Raspberry Pi OS ilandela umjikelo we-Debian kwaye, kunye ne-Trixie, idla ilifa utshintsho oluninzi olufanele ukwazi. Ngezantsi kuphononongo lwezona zifanelekileyo ezinempembelelo ebonakalayo izibonelelo zasebukhosini:

• I-OpenSSH kunye nohlaziyo olukude: Kukho umba kwi-Bookworm onokuvala ukuqhagamshelwa kwakhona ukuba uhlaziyo olukude luphazamisekile. SSH. Ngaphambi kokuba ufuduke, qiniseka ukuba unayo OpenSSH 1:9.2p1-2+deb12u7 okanye ngaphezulu ngohlaziyo oluzinzileyo.
• I-i386 ayiseyiyo i-architecture eqhelekileyo: akukho kernel esemthethweni okanye i-i386 installer; igcinelwe yona ikhowudi yelifa ngokusebenzisa i-multiarch okanye i-chroot kwi-amd64. Ayisebenzi kwiPi, kodwa inokuchaphazela izixhobo ezincedisayo.
• armel, uhlaziyo lokugqibela: Trixie ngowokugqibela ngenxa armel; kuphela i-Pi 1, i-Zero kunye ne-Zero W kuphela ezisenenkxaso yephakheji ye-kernel. Cinga ngokufaka kwakhona njenge armhf okanye arm64 xa kunokwenzeka.
• I-MIPS isusiwe: mipsel y mips64el inyamalala kwiDebian; ifanelekile ukuba uyaqulunqa izixhobo zangaphandle.
• / boot enkulu: i-kernel kunye ne-firmware ikhulile; qinisekisa ukuba /boot ube noko 768 MB kwaye malunga ne-300 MB simahla okanye uhlaziyo lunokusilela.
• /tmp ngoku kwi-tmpfs: ngokuzenzekelayo ifakwe kwimemori (ukuya kwi 50% ikhona). Fumana isantya, kodwa lumka xa ulahla iifayile ezinkulu apho. Ungayibuyisela ngaphakathi tmp.mount o /etc/fstab.
• I-OpenSSH ayisafundi ~/.pam_environment: ihambisa iinguqu ukuya ~/.bashrc okanye iindlela ezifanayo; utshintsho olufihlakeleyo kwiiseshoni ezintsha ze-SSH.
• I-DSA Keys Out: I-OpenSSH 9.8p1 ​​ayisayixhasi i-DSA naxa ibenza bakwazi; sebenzisa Ed25519/ECDSA/RSA. Kwizixhobo ezindala ze-DSA kuphela, kukho ssh1 (iphakheji openssh-client-ssh1).
• last/lastb/lastlog: yenza indlela ye wtmpdb, Lastlog2 y lslogins. Ukuba awufudukeli kwi-wtmpdb, cima /var/log/wtmp* emva kohlaziyo.
• Iidiski ezifihliweyo: ukuzifihla ngoku systemd-cryptsetup (ifakwe njengoko kucetyiswa). Kwi dm-crypt plain tshintsha amaxabiso angagqibekanga; ukuba uzenze kwi-Bookworm, zishiye zilungisiwe cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256,size=256,hash=ripemd160 en /etc/crypttab okanye abayi kukhwela.
• RabbitMQ: Imigca yeHA indawo yayo yatshintshwa Imigca yeekhoramAkukho ndlela yokuphucula ngokuthe ngqo evela kwi-Bookworm; emva kokunyuselwa kwi-Trixie, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ucoce /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia.
• UMariaDB: Iinguqulelo ezinkulu zokutsiba zifuna ukucima okucocekileyo ngaphambili; kungenjalo, umncedisi omtsha uyakwala ukuqala ade abuyele kuguqulelo lwangaphambili.
• sysctl: systemd-sysctl akasafundi /etc/sysctl.conf. Iyafika I-linux-sysctl-engagqibekanga nge /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-default.conf. Iisetingi zakho zasekhaya ziyangena /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf.
• I-ping engafanelekanga: ngoku isebenzisa iisokethi zedathagram; ukufikelela kuxhomekeke kwi net.ipv4.ping_group_range. Kufakelo oluqhelekileyo luyishiya ukuvumela iphakheji ye-sysctl engagqibekanga.
• Amagama e-NIC: anokwahluka nge inkqubo v257 (i40e okanye ACPI _SUN umqhubi). Yijonge phambi kokuba uqalise kwakhona nge udevadm test-builtin net_setup_link kwaye usete amagama nge systemd.link ukuba ufuna uzinzo.
• I-Dovecot 2.4: ifomathi yoqwalaselo olungahambelaniyo; i ophindayo iyanyamalala. Vavanya ubumbeko kwindawo eyahlukileyo. Ayinamveliso ngaphambili
• Libvirt: abaqhubi kunye nabasemva ngaphakathi iipakethe ezahlukeneyoEmva kohlaziyo, jonga ukuba zeziphi iibhinari ozifakile kwaye ucoce nakuphi na okushiyekileyo. Ungabona iifayile eziphawulwe njengeziphelelwe lixesha.
• Samba: AD-DC iya samba-ad-dc; iimodyuli ze-ceph kunye ne-gluster VFS ziya kwiipakethe ezinikezelweyo (samba-vfs-ceph y isamba-vfs-glusterfs).
• OpenLDAP: Ngoku iTLS yakho ihamba nayo OpenSSL (hayi iGnuTLS). Ukhetho kunye nokutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha; ukuba awuyikhankanyi i-CA, isiseko se-trust yenkqubo siya kulayishwa.
• I-Bacula: Utshintsho lweskimu lukhulu; ingathatha iiyure okanye iintsuku kwaye ifuna malunga kabini indawo okwethutyana kumncedisi we DB.
• usrmerge: uya kubona izilumkiso ukusuka dpkg xa uhlaziywa; ungabanaki, kuqhelekile xa iprojekthi iphela.
• Musa ukutsiba iinguqulelo: gqibezela uhlaziyo ukuya Bookworm phambi kokuba uqale uTrixie.
• I-WirePlumber: Inkqubo entsha yoqwalaselo; ukuba wenza ngokwezifiso, khangela /usr/share/doc/wireplumber/NEWS.Debian.gz.
• I-strongSwan: ifuduka ukusuka charon-daemon a charon-systemd nge swanctl kwaye config in /etc/swanctl/conf.d.
• sg3-utils: iipropati ezilahlekileyo ze-udev zingophula imisinga ngezixhobo ze-SCSI ezixhomekeke kwi sg3-eziluncedo-udev.
• I-tzdata-legacy: Iindawo zexesha ezingekho mgangathweni zahluliwe; ukuba isixokelelwano sakho okanye iinkonzo ziyazisebenzisa, hlohla tzdata-ilifa.
• Ukucocwa kwe /tmp y /var/tmp: Kufakelo olutsha, iifayile ezindala (i-10 kunye neentsuku ze-30) ziyacinywa. Xa uphucula, umgaqo wenziwa ukugcina ukuziphatha kweklasikhi; ungayitshintsha le nto tmpfiles.d.
• Umyalezo wenkqubo umgqomo ongadityaniswanga: ungayihoyi; dibanisa ngesandla /usr/bin y /usr/sbin ikhefu uhlaziyo lwexesha elizayo.
• Ukhuseleko lwebhrawuza: yxnkdlk zigqunywe ngamabala, kodwa qtwebkit Hayi. Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, iFirefox okanye iChromium ESR ephinde yaqulunqwa ukuze izinzile ilungile.
• I-Go/Rust: Ukukhuseleka okulinganiselweyo ngokudibanisa okumileyo; ezinye izilungiso ziza nge uhlaziyo oluncinci.
• QEMU ppc64el: qaphela ubungakanani bephepha; ukuba undwendwe ludinga 4 KB, sebenzisa cap-hpt-max-page-size=4096; ukuba 64 KB, faka linux-umfanekiso-powerpc64le-64k.
• Iipakethe eziphawulekayo eziyehliweyo: libnss-gw-igama (sebenzisa libnss-myhostname), pcregrep (sebenzisa grep -P o pcre2grep), umlandeli wesicelo (fudukela ku umlandeli wesicelo), git-daemon-run/sysvinit, i-nvidia-graphics-drivers-tesla-470, mzobo (sebenzisa apt autoremove y apt-mark minimize-manual), tldr (inokutshintshwa ngu utitshala o tldr-py), tpp (ezinye iindlela Ndijonge, amazambane).
• Ukujonga phambili kwiDebian 14: sudo-ldap iya kurhoxiswa (usa libsss-sudo), ukurhoxiswa okunokwenzeka kwe sudo_logsrvd, libnss-docker ingantlitheka ngenxa ye-API eyekiweyo, i-OpenSSH ngaphandle kwe-GSS-API ngokungagqibekanga (isebenzisa iipakethe -gssapi ukuba uyayifuna), isiphelo se yakha-debian-umphuhlisi-seto ngokuthanda ukwakhiwa+ukungabiwa, sala kakuhle fcitx 4.x (fudukela ku fcitx5), lxd endaweni yayo incus, isc-dhcp yekisiwe (Kea kumncedisi; NetworkManager/systemd-networkd okanye Isiseko se-dhcpcd kubathengi), ukuphela kophuhliso lwe I-KDE 5 (phuma ngexesha lomjikelo wefolokhwe).
• Izinambuzane ezinobungozi ezaziwayo ngexesha lokupapashwa: ezi ziquka, phakathi kwezinye, #1032240, #1078608, #1108467, #1109499, #1108010, #1102690, #1109509, #1110119, #1036041, #1102160, #913916, #984760, #1099655, #935182, #1017906, #1109203, #1109676, #1109512, #1104231, #1084955, #1104177, #1104336, #1084954, #1095866, #1100981, #1109519, #1110263, #1108039, #1089432, #1101956, #1101839, #1017891, #1109833, #988477. Jonga i-BTS yesimo esihlaziyiweyo.

I-Raspberry Pi 500+: Izixhobo ezitsha ezihambelana ne-Trixie

Indlu nayo yabonisa I-Raspberry Pi 500+, i-evolution ye-keyboard ye-PC ingcamango eyandisa ukusebenza kwaye yongeza iinkcukacha ezikhangayo kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kukho a I-Broadcom BCM2712 Iprosesa ye-quad-core Cortex-A76 ivalwe kwi-2,4 GHz kunye neVideoCore VII GPU ngenkxaso I-OpenGL ES 3.1 kunye neVulkan 1.2, ihamba kunye 16 GB LPDDR4x‑4267, ukugcinwa M.2 2280 nge SSD I-256 GB kunye nomfundi we-microSD.

Ubabalo lukwibhodi yezitshixo: shiya inwebu ye Gateron KS-33 Izitshixo zoomatshini eziBlue kunye ne-RGB backlighting, kwaye iqhosha ngalinye lidibanisa a RP2040 vula i-firmware ye-QMK. Ukwenza ngokwezifiso kukhulu kwaye kuyahambelana noninzi utshintsho ukusuka kwimarike, i nod ecacileyo kuluntu ngakumbi ikofu-othanda.

Ngokubhekiselele kunxibelelwano, ayiwi phantsi: Wi‑Fi kunye neBluetooth edibeneyo, i-micro-HDMI ezimbini ukuya kwi-4K, ezintathu ze-USB-A, i-Gigabit Ethernet kunye ne-40-pin GPIO eqhelekileyo. Ixabisa malunga ne-200 yeedola (i Ikhithi yeDesktop Ngama-20 ngaphezulu, yongeza impuku esemthethweni, i-27 W USB-C unikezelo lwamandla kunye nentambo encinci ye-HDMI) kwaye inkampani iqinisekisa imveliso kunye neendawo ezisecaleni ubuncinci de 2035Ngokucacileyo, inkqubo ecetyiswayo I-Raspberry Pi OS esekwe kwi Trixie, ekwalungele ukubaleka Kodi.

Ufakelo lwasemva kunye neengcebiso zokwenza ngokwezifiso (ukhetho)

Ukuba unomdla wokwenza inkqubo yakho isebenze kakuhle, nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa ezikhawulezayo ezisebenza ngeDebian 13 kunye neRaspberry Pi OS entsha. Azinyanzelekanga, kodwa ziyanceda. gqibezela amava:

• Inethiwekhi kunye neSitena: Qwalasela inethiwekhi ukuba ibingekalungi ngexesha lofakelo; yenza ngokwezifiso i-terminal (umxholo omnyama, iindlela ezimfutshane) Ctrl+C/V ukukopa/ukuncamathisela) ukusebenza ngokukhululeka.
• Amalungelo: Ukuba iluncedo kuwe, yongeza umsebenzisi wakho ku ukubila okwethutyana ukwenza lula imisebenzi yolawulo (khumbula ukubuyisela umva ukuba awuyifuni).
• Ukunyuswa kweediski: sebenzisa blkid ukufumana UUID kwaye ubhengeze iirekhodi zakho ngaphakathi /etc/fstab (umzekelo, ukukhwela /mnt nge Ext4 ukungagqibeki 0 0).
• Ukhuseleko olusisiseko: faka ufw/gufw njengama-firewalls kunye i-clamav/clamtk ukwenzela ukujonga indawo. Gcina inkqubo yakho isexesheni kunye neenkonzo zincinci.
• Abasebenzisi kunye ne-virtualization: yahlula iiprofayili ngemisebenzi okanye ngomtya oomatshini ababonayo nge VirtualBox, Virt-Manejala/QEMU o VMware (yobunini) ye uvavanyo olungenamngcipheko.
• 3-2-1 Iikopi: Iikopi ezintathu, imidiya emibini eyahlukeneyo, kunye nenye kude nekhaya. Izixhobo ezifana rsync o Izisombululo zodidi lwe-NAS Benza lula ubomi bakho.
• I-Pi-hole: Ukuba ufuna ukuvala iintengiso / i-telemetry kwinqanaba lenethiwekhi, i-Pi-hole isebenza njengekhubalo kwi-Raspberry Pi. Khumbula ukukhubaza i-DHCP kwi umzila ukuba uyicingela ukusuka kwi-Pi-hole kwaye ulungelelanise uluhlu bekukubi ngentloko.

Ngomaleko obonakalayo kwi-GNOME (ukuba usebenzisa le meko-bume), faka synaptic kunye nezixhobo ezifana i-gnome-shell-extensions-manager kunye nepakeji ulwandiso-lwegobolondo-lolwandisoIzandiso eziluncedo kakhulu: dash-to-panel, caffeine, yemozulu, desktop-icons-ng, usetyenziso-lwemenyu y Uluhlu lwefestile; ukuba ukhetha idokhi, dash-to-dockIsixhobo esilungileyo semixholo kunye nee-icon I-Gnome-jonga.

Kwiifonti, Umphathi wefonti y isibonisi-fonti Benza ubomi bakho bube lula. Iipakethe ezicetyiswayo: iifonti-linuxlibertine, iifonti-ezicetyiswayo. Ngeelwimi ezingezizo isiLatini: iifonti-imibhalo yamandulo (ndala), iifonti-babelstone-han (IsiTshayina), iifonti-baekmuk (Korean), iifonti-noto-core/ezongezelelweyo (ukhuseleko olukhulu) okanye iifonti-sil-taiheritagepro (Vietnamese). Ukuhambelana kweofisi, faka i-ttf-mscorefonts-ifaki kwaye, ukuba ufuna, imithombo efana I-Calibri o ECambria ukusuka kwimvelaphi nge ilayisensi esebenzayo.

Iindawo zokugcina kunye nesoftware: uphononongo /etc/apt/sources.list ukufumana Trixie namacandelo afanelekileyo (eyona, non-free-firmware, njalo njalo) kunye nohlaziyo nge Wayenyanisile. Repos zangaphandle ezifana deb-multimedia inokulungisa ngokuqinisekileyo Izikhombisi, kodwa zisebenzise ngobulumko. Abakhangeli bathanda Ingcuka yasimahla Baneendawo zabo zokuhlala; balandele imiyalelo yabo ziphephe iingxabano.

Ezinye iindlela zokupakisha: Flatpak y snap ziluncedo ukuba awukwazi ukufumana iphakheji yendalo esebenzayo. Faka flatpak kwaye, ukuba uyafuna, dibanisa ne i-gnome-software. en Flathub uya kufumana umyalelo wofakelo malunga nayo yonke into edumileyo.

Iipakethe ezikhululekile: nge dpkg -i uyahlohla .deb (ukuba kukho naziphi na izixhomekeke ezilahlekileyo, zisombulule kwaye uzame kwakhona). Iitarballs ezifana nezo zisuka Anki Ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanya elishicilelwe ukufakela; abanye abanje I-Waterfox vumela ukuphunyezwa ukusuka /opt, ukongeza a .desktop en ~/.local/share/applications. Lungisa iimvume nge chown/chmod ukuba kuyafuneka. I AppImage zilula ngakumbi: zinike imvume yophumezo kwaye yiloo nto.

Ukuqulunqa ukusuka kumthombo kuselukhetho olusebenzayo lweeprojekthi ezingapakishi (umzekelo, I-GNU IceCat). Kwaye ukulungisa izixhobo, umzekelo osebenzayo: mpv. Unokwenza ~/.config/mpv/input.conf iindlela ezimfutshane (umthamo, phambili/umva, iifoto zekhusi) kunye ~/.config/mpv/mpv.conf kwiinketho ezifana ukufaneleka o Ijometri, ukufikelela kwisimilo ngokobuquUkuba usaqala nje, isiseko esihle si Intshayelelo yePython Programming.

Kwibhrawuza, ziyasebenza amaqhinga eyaziwayo: Ublock imvelaphi, ulawulo lwetelemetry, iiprofayili ezahlulwe ngomsebenzi kwaye, ukuba uyathanda, zahlula abamakishi nge umxholo womsebenzi kwiiphequluli ezahlukeneyo (Firefox, Chromium, LibreWolf, Waterfox). Yenziwa ngesandla, kodwa inqanda imikhwa yokuxuba kunye nedatha.

Ngayo yonke le nto uneRaspberry Pi OS esekwe kwi-Trixie: ilula, yangoku kwaye icocekilePhakathi kwesiseko sokutsiba, i-metapackages, iZiko loLawulo, kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-interface, lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthatha inyathelo ukuba ufuna amava aphucukileyo ngaphandle kokuncama intanda-bulumko eyongayo yeqonga.