Iintlobo zogcino kunye nomahluko: isikhokelo esipheleleyo samashishini

Ukukhusela idatha kuye kwaba ngomnye wale misebenzi, ukuba awuyenzi namhlanje, Ugqiba uzisola ngomso xa kukho into engahambi kakuhle.Asisathethi nje ngeenkampani ezinkulu: nayiphi na i-SME, i-freelancer, okanye umsebenzisi ngamnye uphatha ulwazi olungenakulahleka ngolo hlobo. Isuka e yolwazi Ukusuka kwidatha yomxhasi ukuya kwiifoto ukusuka kuhambo lwakho lokugqibela, yonke into ihlala kwiihard drives, iiseva, okanye ilifu… Usuku Logcino Lwehlabathi.

Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqonda i Iintlobo zee-backups kunye nokwahlukana kwazoNgokulula "ukwenza ikopi kwi-USB drive rhoqo ngoku kwaye emva koko" akwanelanga; udinga isicwangciso esicingisiswe kakuhle, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-backups ezidibeneyo, kunye neendawo ezicwangcisiweyo. ukugcinwa ezahlukeneyo kwaye ngamaxesha afanelekileyo. Kulo lonke eli nqaku uza kubona, ngokweenkcukacha kwaye ngaphandle kokubetha etyholweni, zeziphi iintlobo zeekopi ezikhoyo, zisebenza njani, zihluke njani, zeziphi iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga abanazo, kwaye zeziphi iindlela ezifanelekileyo onokuthi uzisebenzise ukuze ungafaki umngcipheko kwishishini lakho (okanye iinkumbulo zakho) ngenxa yokungakhathali okulula.

Yintoni i-backup kwaye kutheni ibaluleke kangaka?

Xa sithetha nge-backup okanye ikopi yokhuseleko sibhekisa kuyo ikopi yedatha esiyigcina kwisistim (ikhompyuter, iseva, ibamba, isiseko sedatha, njl.njl.) kwaye igcinwe kwenye indawo, nokuba ngokwenyama okanye kwilifu, ngoko inokubuyiselwa ukuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle. Luhlobo lwe "inshurensi yobomi bolwazi": ayithinteli ingozi, kodwa ikuvumela ukuba ubuyele emva.

Kwinkampani, ii-backups zibalulekile qinisekisa ukufumaneka okuqhubekayo kwedatha ebalulekileyoUlwazi lwezemali, i-invoyisi, i-ERP, i-CRM, iifayile zomthengi, ii-imeyile, amaxwebhu asemthethweni… Kodwa ibalulekile nakwinkalo yobuqu: iifoto, iividiyo, amaxwebhu emfundo okanye aqeqeshelwe umsebenzi kunye neeprojekthi ongafuniyo ukuphulukana nazo ngenxa yempazamo yobudenge okanye ukusilela kwe-hard drive.

Ugcino lunceda ukukhusela ukusilela kwe hardwareiimpazamo zesoftware, uhlaselo lwe-cyber, ukucinywa ngengozi, kunye neentlekele zomzimba njengemililo okanye izikhukhula. Ukuba une-backup yamva nje, isiganeko esinokukukhubaza iintsuku siba yinto eyoyikisayo encinci, kunye nexesha lokubuyisela elifanelekileyo (RTO) kunye nokulahleka kwedatha (RPO).

Ngaphaya koko, kumacandelo amaninzi kukho a uxanduva lomthetho lokugcina idatha ixesha elithile kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwayo (umzekelo, impilo, imali, okanye idatha yomthengi ngokwe-GDPR kunye neminye imimiselo). Isicwangciso sokugcina esenziwe kakuhle siyinxalenye yokuthotyelwa kokulawula, kungekhona nje "into enxulumene ne-IT."

Iintlobo ezisisiseko zee-backups: ezigcweleyo, ezongezelelekileyo, kunye nokwahlukileyo

Kwiindawo ezininzi, kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeekopi zemveli ezenza isiseko sezinye izicwangciso: i-backup epheleleyo, i-backup eyongezelelweyo, kunye ne-backup eyahlukileyoUkuqonda esi sithathu kakuhle sisitshixo sokungabhideki kamva kunye nokwahluka kwale mihla.

I-backup epheleleyo okanye i-backup epheleleyo

Ikopi epheleleyo iqulathe gcina idatha epheleleyo ekhethiweyo kwinkqubo enyeNgamanye amazwi, zonke iifayile okanye iibhloko ezichazwe kumthombo zikopishwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zitshintshile ukususela kwi-backup yokugqibela. Esi sisiqalo esisezantsi sayo nayiphi na inkqubo yogcino.

Olu gcino lungenziwa njenge iseti yeefayile ezifanayo nezoqobo (omnye umthi wencwadi eneenkcukacha) okanye njengomfanekiso omnye ogciniweyo (ifayile yesikhongozeli esikhulu) onokucinezelwa kwaye uguqulelwe ngokuntsonkothileyo ukuba isisombululo sogcino siyasixhasa. Lo mfanekiso uqulethe yonke into efunekayo ukubuyisela umatshini, iseva, okanye inkqubo yonke ngaxeshanye.

Inzuzo enkulu yogcino olupheleleyo kukuba Ukubuyisela kukhawuleza kwaye kulula.Ufuna kuphela i-backup epheleleyo yamva nje (okanye leyo ihambelana nomzuzu ofuna ukuyifumana) kwaye kuphelele apho, ngaphandle kokudibanisa ezinye iifayile ezigcinayo.

Icala elisezantsi lelo Idla ixesha elininzi, i-bandwidth, kunye nendawo yokugcina.Ngalo lonke ixesha usenza ikopi epheleleyo yedatha enkulu, inkqubo inokuthatha ixesha elide kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo ze-backups kwaye ilayishe kakhulu inethiwekhi kunye neediski, ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwemveliso ukuba iwindow yogcino ayicwangciswanga ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngoko ke, ekusebenzeni, imibutho rhoqo Cwangcisa i-backups epheleleyo kuphela rhoqo (umzekelo, kanye ngeveki okanye kanye ngenyanga) kwaye uzidibanise nezinye iintlobo zeekopi ezikhaphukhaphu phakathi. Ikopi epheleleyo ke ngoko isebenza "njengefoto yesiseko" apho ezinye iindlela zixhomekeke kuyo.

Ikopi eyahlukileyo okanye ikopi eyahlukileyo

Ikopi eyohlukileyo iyagcina yonke idatha etshintshileyo ukususela kwi-backup epheleleyo yokugqibelaI-backup epheleleyo isebenza njengereferensi esisigxina, kwaye ulwahlulo ngalunye lubamba utshintsho oluqokelelweyo ukususela kuloo ngongoma, kungekhona ukususela kwintlukwano yokugqibela.

Ukubuyisela idatha usebenzisa le ndlela kufuneka kuphela ikopi yokugqibela epheleleyo kunye nekopi yokugqibela eyahlukileyo (okanye umahluko ohambelana nendawo ofuna ukuyibuyisela kuyo). Akuyomfuneko ukudityaniswa ndawonye zonke ii-backups eziphakathi njengakwi-backups ezongeziweyo.

Ngokumalunga nokusebenza, umahluko ngokukhawuleza ukuphumeza kunokugqiba kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha indawo encinci, ubuncinane ekuqaleni komjikelo. Njengoko iqhubeka ixesha Ukusukela kwi-backup epheleleyo ukuya phambili, utshintsho luyaqokelelana kwaye umahluko ngamnye ukhula ngobungakanani.

Ukungalungi kukuba, ngexesha elithile, I-backup eyahlukileyo inokuphela inobunzima, okanye nangaphezulu, i-backup epheleleyo. kwaye kuthathe ixesha elide ukuphumeza, kuba umahluko omtsha ngamnye ubandakanya zonke iinguqu ukususela kokugqibela ngokupheleleyo, hayi ezokugqibela zosuku.

Ngokumalunga nokubuyiselwa, olu hlobo lubonelela ngokulinganisela okulungileyo: Iyakhawuleza kwaye ilula kunohlaziyo olongezelekayo. (ufuna kuphela ii-backups ezimbini) kodwa ihlala icotha kwaye igcina ingaphantsi ngokunengeneyo kuneskim esongezo esilungiselelwe kakuhle.

Ikopi eyongeziweyo okanye ikopi eyongezelelweyo

Ukukopa okunyukayo kugxile gcina kuphela idatha elungisiweyo ukususela kugcino lokugqibelaAyinamsebenzi nokuba le yokugqibela ibiyi-backup epheleleyo, esongezo, okanye eyahlukileyo. Ayithelekiswanga kugcino olupheleleyo lokugqibela, kodwa kumsebenzi wokugqibela owenziweyo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo iqala nge ikopi yokuqala epheleleyo Ukusuka apho, uhlaziyo olongezelelweyo lucwangciswe ngamaxesha afunekayo (imihla ngemihla, rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbalwa, njl.). Uhlaziyo ngalunye olongezelelweyo longeza kuphela iibhloko ezintsha okanye ezilungisiweyo kwindawo yokugcina, ukunciphisa i-traffic kunye nexesha lokuphumeza.

Umzekelo, ukuba wenza i-backup epheleleyo ngeCawa kunye ne-backups ezongeziweyo ukusuka ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu, ngoMvulo ugcina into etshintshileyo ukususela ngeCawa, ngoLwesibini ugcina into etshintshileyo ukususela ngoMvulo, njalo njalo. Ulwando ngalunye lwakha phezu koludlulileyo.Oku kuvumela ukugcinwa rhoqo rhoqo ngaphandle kweendleko ezinkulu kwizibonelelo.

Amandla amakhulu okunyuka koko Iifestile ezigciniweyo ziya ziba mfutshane kakhulu Kwaye indawo yokugcina efunekayo ngokuqhelekileyo ingaphantsi kakhulu kunofakelo olupheleleyo okanye olwahlukileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ekubeni banempembelelo encinci kwinethiwekhi kunye neediski, kulula ukungena kwiishedyuli zemveliso ngaphandle kokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Ingxaki ivela xa ubuyisela: ukubuyela kwindawo ngexesha olifunayo ikopi epheleleyo yokuqala kunye nazo zonke iikopi ezongezelelekileyo ukuya kwindawo oyifunayoUkuba enye yazo ilahlekile okanye yonakele, ikhonkco iphukile kwaye awukwazi ukubuyisela ngokufanelekileyo inguqu yamva nje yedatha.

Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili

Ukuyibona ngokukrwaqula, ezi zezona ziphambili iyantlukwano eziphambili phakathi kwe-backups epheleleyo, eyahlukileyo kunye neyongeziweyo ngokwemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwendawo, isantya kunye nokulula kwakhona:

	Gqibezela	Umahluko	Ukunyusa
Ukugcinwa kokusetyenziswa	Alto	Phakathi ukuya phezulu	Ephantsi
Isantya sogcino	ILenta	Media	Khawuleza
Isantya sokubuyisela	Phezulu kakhulu	Alta	Baja
Ukubuyisela udinga	Kuphela ugcino olupheleleyo lwamva nje	Iseti epheleleyo + umahluko wokugqibela	Iseti epheleleyo + lonke ikhonkco lokunyuka
Ubunzima bolawulo	Baja	Media	Media

Isibuko, esongezelelekileyo, sibuyela umva, kunye nee-backups ezikrelekrele

Ngokusekelwe kwiintlobo zakudala, ezintsha ziye zavela ezahlukeneyo ezidibanisa iimpawu zeendlela ezininzi ukuziqhelanisa ngcono neemeko ezahlukeneyo: imfuno yesantya esiphezulu, amanqaku amaninzi okubuyisela, ukusetyenziswa okuncinci kogcino, njl.

Ugcino lwesipili

I-backup yesipili ibandakanya ukudala umfuziselo ngqo wesiseko sedathaisoloko igcina inguqulelo yamva nje ekhoyo kwindawo yokugcina yokugcina. Ifana ne-backup epheleleyo, kodwa ngaphandle kwembali: kufana nokuba nediski "edibeneyo" ehlaziya rhoqo xa utshintsha into.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iikopi, iifayile zesibuko zigcinwa njengeefayile ezikhululekileyo, hayi njengomfanekiso ocinezelweyo okanye ofihliweyoEmva kokuba isixhobo esinekopi yesibuko sixhunyiwe, unokufikelela kwidatha ngokuthe ngqo kumhloli wefayile, ngaphandle kokuhamba kwinkqubo yokubuyisela ngokusemthethweni.

Oku kwenza ukuba ukuchacha kukhawuleze kwaye kukhululeke, kodwa kukwathetha oko ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ephezulu kunye nomngcipheko okhulayo wokhuselekokuba idatha yogcino ikumbhalo ongenanto (ngaphandle kokuba uguqulela ngokuntsonkothileyo imidiya ngokwayo) kwaye isesichengeni sofikelelo olungagunyaziswanga okanye urhwaphilizo.

I-drawback enkulu kukuba isibuko sibonisa okulungileyo nokubi: Ukuba ucima okanye uyonakalisa into ethile kumthombo, utshintsho luyaphindwa kwikopi.I-Ransomware, i-sabotage yangaphakathi, okanye ukucima ngengozi kudluliselwa kwikopi yesibuko, eyeka ukuba "ngumgca wokuphila" ngokuchasene neziganeko ezinjalo.

Ke ngoko, iikopi zesipili zinokuba luncedo buyisela ngokukhawuleza kwiintsilelo zehardwareNangona kunjalo, azilugubungeli ngokwaneleyo urhwaphilizo lwedatha okanye iimeko zokuhlaselwa. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kudityaniswe nezinye izikimu (ezizeleyo + ezongezelelekileyo, umzekelo) ezigcina amanqaku amaninzi okubuyisela imbali.

Reverse i-backup eyongezelelweyo

I-backup eyongeziweyo yokugcina iqala ukusuka ugcino olupheleleyo lokuqala Kwaye, kuphunyezo ngalunye olutsha, ifaka utshintsho kulo lonke ilizwe ukuze ihlale imele inguqulelo yamva nje yedatha. Kwangaxeshanye, iinguqu ezifunekayo ukuze ubuyele kumazwe angaphambili zigcinwa njengezongezelelo "ngasemva".

Ngokwesiqhelo, umsebenzi omtsha ngamnye uhlaziya inguqulelo epheleleyo kwindawo yokugcina, ukuze Uhlala une-backup yamva nje egcweleyo elungele ukubuyisela kubhabho.Izandiso zigcina iiyantlukwano zembali ukuze ukwazi ukubuyela kumanqaku angaphambili ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Le ndlela inika umdla ngakumbi xa uyifuna ixesha elifutshane kakhulu iinjongo zokubuyisela (RTOs) kuguqulelo lwamva nje lwedatha. Ukubuyisela ukusuka kolo guqulelo luhlaziywe ngokupheleleyo kukhawuleza kakhulu, ngaphandle kokufuna ukwenza ukubuyisela okuninzi okongeziweyo.

Enye inzuzo kukuba, nokuba elinye lamalungu ongezelelweyo lonakalisiwe, Ungaqhubeka nokubuyisela ugcino olupheleleyo lwangokuInto onokuthi uphulukane nayo kukukwazi ukubuyela kumanqaku athile aphakathi, kodwa hayi olona buyiselo luphambili.

I-backup ekrelekrele: indibaniselwano ye-backups epheleleyo, eyongeziweyo, kunye neyohlukileyo

Into ebizwa ngokuba "i-smart backup" ingaphezulu kwe khuphela isicwangciso seokhestra oluluhlobo olutsha ngokwalo. Iquka ukudibanisa okuguquguqukayo okugcweleyo, okunyukayo, kunye nokwahluka kwe-backups ngokusekelwe kwiikhrayitheriya ezifana nendawo ekhululekile, inani lamanqaku okubuyisela, okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yokugcina.

Umzekelo, inkqubo inokuqala nge-boot epheleleyo, emva koko yenza ezongezelelo ezincinci ezimbalwaEmva koko uvelise umahluko kolo tshintsho kwaye, ngelo xesha, cima izandiso ezidala kuba sele zidityanisiwe kumahluko.

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ikhonkco lenziwa apho Inani elifanelekileyo lamanqaku okubuyisela agcinwe ngelixa ulawula ukukhula kokugcinwa ngokudibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo, ukucoca, kunye nokulungelelanisa ii-backups.

Inzuzo enkulu yale ndlela kukuba ivumela Yandisa ibhalansi phakathi kwendawo, isantya sokukopisha, kunye nesantya sokubuyisela ngendlela ebhetyebhetye kakhuluNangona kunjalo, ingqiqo yangaphakathi intsonkothe ​​ngakumbi kwaye ihlala ifuna isoftware egciniweyo eqhuba yonke le misebenzi "ekrelekrele" ngaphandle kokuba umlawuli ayenze ngesandla.

Iikopi eziqhubekayo, ezenziweyo, ezipheleleyo, kunye nezongezelelo ngonaphakade

Ukongeza kwezi zintlukwano zingentla, kwiminyaka yakutshanje ezinye iimodeli zanamhlanje zenzelwe iindawo ezisingqongileyo ezinotshintsho oluqhubekayo kunye neemfuno zokufumaneka eziphezulu kakhulu, njengamaziko edatha, iinkonzo zefu, okanye izicelo ezibalulekileyo ze-24/7.

uKhuseleko lweDatha oluQhubelekayo (CDP)

UKhuseleko lweDatha eqhubekayo (CDP) yindlela apho Lonke utshintsho kwidatha lurekhodwa phantse ngexesha lokwenyani.Ayikokuqhuba ikopi kanye ngosuku okanye ngeyure nganye, kodwa malunga nokuthatha rhoqo utshintsho.

Ekuboneni kokuqala, kunokufana nesibuko, kuba yonke into eyenzekayo kumthombo ibonakala ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko ophambili kukuba I-CDP igcina imbali yotshintsho ekuvumela ukuba "uhambe umva ngexesha" kwaye ufumane kwakhona imimandla yangaphambili yedatha, phantse ngokungathi yinkqubo yolawulo loguqulelo.

Olu hlobo lokhuseleko lusetyenziswa xa injongo yokubuyisela (RPO) kufuneka ibe kakhulu, incinci kakhuluUmzekelo, kwiinkqubo zemali apho ukuphulukana nokuba yimizuzu embalwa yentengiselwano kuya kungamkelekanga.

Urhwebo-off kukuba iCDP ifuna iteknoloji phambili ngakumbi, uyilo ngononophelo kunye nemithombo yokugcina ekwaziyo ukufunxa zonke ezo nguqu. Akuyona into elula ukuphumeza kwiindawo ezincinci, kodwa kwimibutho emikhulu ibe yinxalenye ephambili yesicwangciso sokuqhubeka.

Ugcino olupheleleyo lokwenziwa

Ugcino olupheleleyo luzama ukugcina zonke iingenelo kwiphakheji epheleleyo yemveli (ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza, ikopi "yokuzimela") ukunciphisa ngexesha elifanayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezibandakanyekayo ekwenzeni oko kugcwele kumthombo.

Umbono ngulo: wenza i-backup "yokwenyani" yokuqala, emva koko uqhuba i-backups ezongeziweyo kwaye, rhoqo, rhoqo, Udibanisa ezo zongezo kunye noguqulelo olupheleleyo olukhoyo kwindawo yokugcina ngokwayo.Isiphumo yinto entsha "yokwenziwa ngokupheleleyo" emele imeko yangoku, ngaphandle kokuphinda ufunde yonke idatha evela kumncedisi womthombo.

Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga inkqubo yokubuyisela, loo nto yokwenziwa ngokupheleleyo ilingana nokugcwala okuqhelekileyoIqulethe umfanekiso opheleleyo wenkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, yenziwe kwidatha esele igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina, kunye nomthwalo omncinci kwinethiwekhi kunye noomatshini bokuvelisa.

Phakathi kweenzuzo zayo eziphambili zezi: Ukugcinwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunye nokubuyiselaUkusetyenziswa kokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-bandwidth, kunye nefuthe elincinci kwi-CPU kunye neediski zeeseva ezikhuselweyo. Bubuchule obusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizisombululo zangoku zogcino lwendalo ekhoyo kunye nelifu.

Ngonaphakade i-backups ezongeziweyo

Indlela “yokunyuswa ngokungapheliyo” iqala ku-a ugcino olupheleleyo lokuqala kuphela Ukususela ngoko, yenza kuphela i-backups ezongeziweyo. Ii-backups zesiqhelo zamaxesha athile azisasetyenziswa, nto leyo inciphisa kakhulu ifestile yogcino ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Esikhundleni sokuphinda idatha, inkqubo iya ukugcina kuphela iibhloko ezintsha okanye ezilungisiweyo kunye nokulungelelanisa ngokusebenzisa imethadatha kunye neembekiselo ezibonisa ukuba zeziphi iibhloko ezenza indawo nganye yokubuyisela. Xa amanqaku athile aphelelwa ngokomgaqo-nkqubo wokugcinwa, ayacinywa kwaye indawo yokugcina iphinde ihlengahlengiswe ukuze iqhubeke nokuqinisekisa ukuba unokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo usebenzisa indibaniselwano yokuqala yokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo kunye nokubuyisela okongeziweyo okugciniweyo.

Le modeli iyaphumelela usetyenziso olunqongopheleyo lwendawo kunye nefuthe elincinci kwiziseko ezingundoqo, kuba awusoze uphinde ufake yonke idatha ngexesha elinye. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zidityaniswe nokudibanisa kunye neendlela zokunciphisa ezinciphisa ngakumbi ugcino olufunekayo.

Ngokwenyani, izikimu ezongezelelekileyo zanaphakade zabelana ngeenzuzo ezininzi ngokugcwala kokwenziwa: Ukukhuphela ngokukhawuleza, ulawulo oluhle lokugcina, umthwalo ophantsi kwiiseva kunye nenethiwekhi kunye nokukwazi ukugcina inani elikhulu lamanqaku okubuyisela ngaphandle kwevolumu ehlalayo i-skyrocketing.

Iintlobo zogcino ngokwendawo ekuyiwa kuyo: yasekhaya, yangaphandle, ekude, kunye nelifu

Ukongeza kwindlela idatha ehlanganiswe ngayo (igcwele, inyuka, njl.), kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukwenza isigqibo ziphi ezo backups zigcinweIndawo yokugcina ichaphazela ukhuseleko, ukufikeleleka kunye nokukhuselwa kwiintlekele ezibonakalayo.

Xa iikopi zigcinwa kwizixhobo ezibekwe kwiofisi enye okanye kwisakhiwo njengedatha yokuqala (hard drives) i-USB(I-NAS, i-backup arrays, njl.), sithetha ngee-backups zendawo. Ziyakhawuleza kwaye zilungele, kodwa ukuba kukho umlilo, ubusela, okanye umkhukula, zombini idatha yoqobo kunye nee-backups zilahlekile.

Ukuba, endaweni yoko, ugcina ii-backups enye indawo eyahlukileyo yejografi (enye indawo, iziko ledatha yangaphandle, i-tape bunker), emva koko ube ne-backups engaphandle kwendawo. Oku kongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokukhusela kwiintlekele ezichaphazela indawo yonke.

Xa ezo kopi zangaphandle zinako ukulawulwa ngaphandle kobukho bomzimba (ye VPN(i-SFTP, i-georeplicated yokugcina i-NFS, njl.), sithetha ngee-backups ezikude. Bakuvumela ukuba usebenze kwii-backups ukusuka naphi na ngeziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo, ukwandisa ukuguquguquka.

Ekugqibeleni, kukho i-intanethi okanye i-backups yefu, apho idatha igcinwe khona i-backup yefu okanye iinkonzo zokugcina ze-S3, iinkonzo zokubamba, okanye amaqonga okugcina alawulwayoIsibheno sayo esiphambili sise-scalability (phantse amandla angenamkhawulo), ukuphindaphinda ngokuzenzekelayo phakathi kwamaziko edatha, kunye nokufikelela naphi na ngoqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi.

Iinkonzo ezininzi zefu nazo zibandakanya Amanyathelo okhuseleko akwinqanaba eliphambili elinjengoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, uqinisekiso lwezinto ezininzi, ulawulo lofikelelo, kunye neelog zomsebenzienceda ukukhusela ngakumbi ii-backups; ukuba usebenza ngokusingqongileyo WindowsUngajonga ukuba isebenza njani ukuchacha kwilifu.

Iinkonzo ezininzi zefu nazo zibandakanya Amanyathelo okhuseleko akwinqanaba eliphambili elinjengoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, uqinisekiso lwezinto ezininzi, ulawulo lofikelelo, kunye neelog zomsebenzienceda ukukhusela ngakumbi ii-backups. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhetha umboneleli ofanelekileyo kwaye ufunde ushicilelo oluhle lokugcinwa kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokubuyisela.

Iingenelo zokwenyani zokuba nenkqubo elungileyo yokugcina

Inkqubo yogcino olugcinwe kakuhle ibonelela izinto eziphathekayo kakhulu kwaye eziphathekayo Kuyo nayiphi na inkampani, ngaphaya kwesiqhelo "sikhululeke ngakumbi." Uninzi lwazo lunempembelelo ngokuthe ngqo kumgca ophantsi.

Okokuqala, kukho ukhuseleko lolwaziIi-backups zisebenza njengenetha yokhuseleko kuyo nayiphi na i-hardware, isoftware, okanye iingxaki zabantu. Nokuba uhlaselwa kuhlaselo lwe-ransomware okanye ukucinywa ngobuninzi ngempazamo, i-backup elungileyo ikuvumela ukuba uphinde uphile ngaphandle kokunikezela kwi-blackmail okanye ulahlekelwe yilahleko engenakulungiseka.

Kwakhona kuncitshiswe kakhulu ixesha elingasebenziyoUkuba iyure nganye yexesha lokuphumla kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo kuthetha ukuthengisa okulahlekileyo, abathengi abadanileyo, okanye abasebenzi abangasebenziyo, ukubuyela kwisiqhelo ngemizuzu endaweni yeentsuku kukutshintsha umdlalo. Apha kulapho uhlobo logcino olukhethiweyo, ukuphindaphindwa kwalo, kunye nendawo yokugcina zonke ziza kudlala.

Enye inzuzo ephambili yi ukuba nokwenzeka kokuzenzekela iikopi rhoqoEsikhundleni sokwenza "i-backup ngolwesiHlanu" xa ukhumbula, iinkqubo zanamhlanje zikuvumela ukuba ucwangcise i-backups yemihla ngemihla, okanye kunye ne-backups amaxesha amaninzi ngemini, ngaphandle kokungenelela komntu; kucetyiswa cwangcisa imisebenzi kunye ne-schtasks ukuyiqinisekisa. Ngale ndlela, isixa solwazi onokuthi uphulukane nalo ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo phakathi kweekopi uyancitshiswa ube buncinci.

Okokugqibela, ukusuka kwiikopi ezibonakalayo (iiteyiphu, iidiski ezingafunekiyo, njl.njl.) ukuya kwiimodeli zelifu okanye ezixubileyo zihlala zibandakanya. ukonga iindleko kunye nokunyuka okukhuluAkunyanzelekanga ukuba uqhubeke nokuthenga kunye nokugcina izinto ezininzi zehardware, kwaye unokuhlengahlengisa indawo yokugcina oye wayenza kwiimfuno zakho zokwenyani nangaliphi na ixesha.

Ezona zenzo zilungileyo: ukuphindaphindwa, ukhuseleko, kunye novavanyo lokubuyisela

Kubaluleke kakhulu njengokukhetha iintlobo zogcino oluchanekileyo zisebenzise ngokulandela ubuncinci bezenzo ezilungileyo Ukuze bangahlali nje bethiyori entle. Iintlekele ezininzi ziye zandiswa ngenxa yokuba, xa kwakufuneka ukuchacha, i-backup yenziwe kakubi okanye yayingekho.

Inqaku lokuqala kukuchaza a khuphela rhoqo ngokokubaluleka kwedathaIinkqubo ezinamandla kakhulu (imali, i-e-commerce, izicelo ezinokuthengiselana rhoqo) zinokufuna ii-backups zeyure okanye ii-CDP ezigciniweyo. Iimeko ezingakumbi ezizinzileyo zinokulawula ngokukhululekileyo ngee-backups zemihla ngemihla okanye zeveki.

Kwimeko nayiphi na into, eyona nto ifanelekileyo automate kangangoko kunokwenzekaUkuthembela kumntu oza kukhumbula ukwenza "ikopi" ngesandla phantse kuqinisekisa ukuba iya kulityalwa okanye yenziwe emva kwexesha. Ngemisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo kunye nokubeka iliso, uyawunciphisa loo mngcipheko.

Okwesibini, kukho ukhuseleko lokugcina: akukho sizathu sokunyamekela kakhulu ngedatha yokuvelisa ukuba kamva Iikopi zigcinwe kumajelo abuthathaka okanye kwigumbi elinyeKuphephe ukusebenzisa iidrive ze-USB njengenkqubo yakho yogcino oluphambili; zikhusele ngokwasemzimbeni izixhobo zakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ubuncinci ezinye zee-backups zakho zigcinwe kwenye indawo okanye efini.

Ikwabalulekile lawula ukuba ngubani onokufikelela kwii-backupsChaza ukuba ngubani ogunyazisiweyo, sebenzisa uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo apho kufanelekileyo, kwaye usebenzise uqinisekiso oluluqilima. Umhlaseli onokufikelela kwii-backups unethuba elifanelekileyo lokubangela umonakalo omkhulu.

Ekugqibeleni, into ehlala ingahoywa: vavanya ubuyiseloAkwanelanga ukubona ukuba umsebenzi ogciniweyo ugqiba ngo "Kulungile"; Kufuneka uqinisekise ngamaxesha athile ukuba ungazibuyisela iifayile, ugcino lwedatha, okanye iinkqubo ezipheleleyo, kwaye uziqhelanise neemeko zehlabathi zokwenyani ezifana Yakha kwakhona isahlulelo se-NTFSKuphela ke uyazi ukuba, xa usuku lwangempela lufika, ikopi iya kuba luncedo.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo xa usenza i-backups (kunye nendlela yokuphepha)

Enyanisweni, kukho inani ukusilela eqhelekileyo kakhulu Izinto ekufuneka uzigcine engqondweni ukuze ungenzi impazamo enye kabini. Abaninzi babonakala ngathi banengqiqo, kodwa bahlala bephindaphinda.

Enye yezona ziqhelekileyo azenzi ii-backups rhoqo njengoko kuyimfunekoNgamanye amaxesha uqala ngomdla omkhulu kwaye emva koko uvumele izinto zityibilike, imisebenzi ingasebenzi okanye ihlehliswe de kube "xa ndinomzuzwana." Isiphumo kukuba, xa kukho ingxaki enkulu, i-backup yokugqibela enokusetyenziswa ziiveki okanye iinyanga ubudala.

Enye iklasikhi gcina iikopi kwisixhobo esinye okanye kwindawo enye kunedatha yoqobo. Ukuba i-backup kuphela yomncedisi ikomnye umthamo womncedisi ngokwawo, ukusilela okukhulu kwe-hardware okanye umlilo kwigumbi unokuhlisa zombini inkqubo kunye "net yokhuseleko".

Kwakhona yimpazamo enkulu ukungabhali inkqubo yokubuyiselaUkuba ngumntu omnye kuphela owaziyo ukuba ziphi na ii-backups kunye nendlela yokuzibuyisela, kwaye loo mntu akafumaneki xa kuhla intlekele, inkampani ishiywe isengozini. Kufuneka kubekho isikhokelo esicacileyo nesihlaziyiweyo, esifikelelekayo kubantu abaninzi abathembekileyo.

Ekugqibeleni, ingozi ye hayi ukubeka iliso okanye ukuphonononga i logs ugcinoKuqhelekile ukucinga ukuba yonke into ilungile kuba "akukho mntu uthethileyo," ngelixa eneneni ii-backups bezisilela kangangeentsuku. Inkqubo yesilumkiso kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kuthintela ezi zoyikiso.

Ukuthwala zonke ezi ngongoma engqondweni, isicwangciso sinokuyilwa apho Vumela uhlobo ngalunye logcino lufezekise indima yaloI-backups epheleleyo njengesiseko esiluqilima, i-backups eyongeziweyo kunye neyohlukileyo yokwandisa izixhobo, i-synthetic kunye ne-incremental variables kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, izibuko kunye nee-CDP kwiimeko apho isantya sibaluleke kakhulu, kunye nokugcinwa okukhethwe kakuhle (indawo, yangaphandle, ekude, okanye ifu) ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-backups iphila phantse nasiphi na isiganeko esingalindelekanga. Ngale ndlela, kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba xa into engenakwenzeka, idatha yakho ayiyi kulahleka.