Uzitolika njani ii-motherboard debug LEDs kunye nokusombulula iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo

Ukuba ubona ukukhanya okungaguqukiyo ecaleni kwegama elithi CPU, DRAM, VGA, okanye BOOT xa ulayita iPC yakho, ungakhathazeki: ezo zii-Debug LEDs, kwaye zikhona ukukunceda ukuba uchonge ingxaki ngemizuzwana. Kwiibhodi zale mihla, Ezi zibane ziyinxalenye yokuxilongwa kwe-POST kwaye ikuvumela ukuba wazi ukuba leliphi icandelo elisilelayo naxa kungekho mfanekiso kwikhusi.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ukuziphatha kunye nemibala inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumenzi, kwaye oko ngexesha lokuqalisa Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ii-LED zikhanyise ngokulandelelana okanye zonke ngaxeshanye okomzuzwana. Kufuneka sikhathazeke kuphela xa ukukhanya kuhlala kuqinile emva kokugqiba i-POST, ebonisa impazamo yokwenene ehambelana nelo candelo.

Ziziphi ii-Debug LEDs kwaye zisebenza njani?

Ii-LED ze-Debug ziseti yezibane zesalathisi eziprintiweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo i-CPU, i-DRAM, i-VGA, kunye ne-BOOT. Umgaqo wabo ulula: iliso kwimiqondiso yamandla kunye nesimo senkqubo esezantsi ukuchonga ukuba sesiphi isigaba se-POST kukho ukusilela. Ukuba ibhodi ayifumani ngokuchanekileyo enye yezi zinto, i-LED ehambelana nayo iya kuhlala ikhanya.

Ezinye iimpawu zisebenzisa umbala omnye kuzo zonke izikhombisi, ngelixa ezinye zisebenzisa a ikhowudi yombala (luhlaza/mhlophe/tyheli/bomvu)Akukho mgangatho wendalo yonke: kwezinye iimodeli, obomvu uhlala ebonisa ingxaki, ngelixa kwezinye, umbala unokwahluka okanye ubonakale ubomvu naxa isixhobo sisebenza. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukujonga incwadi ye-motherboard yakho.

Kuluhlu oluphakathi kunye neebhodi eziphezulu, kuqhelekile ukuba, ngaphezu kwezi LEDs, kukho umboniso omncinci onamadijithi amabini (ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yi-debug display) ebonisa. iikhowudi zeemposiso zamanani/hexadecimalUkuyifunda kufuna ukubonisana netafile yomenzi, kodwa kuluncedo kakhulu ukulungisa kakuhle uxilongo. Ukuba i-motherboard yakho ayinaso isiboniso, ii-LED zokuxilonga kwaye, ngokungaphumeleli oko, i-speaker beeps isebenzela loo njongo.

Ziphi kwaye ngabaphi amagama abenzi bawo?

Indawo eqhelekileyo yezi zalathi ikwicala lasekunene lebhodi yomama, ecaleni kweendawo zokubeka imemori kwaye kufutshane ne-24-pin ye-ATX isinxibelelanisi. Kwiibhodi ezininzi zeGIGABYTE, umzekelo, Zivela ngaphantsi kwe-ATX ikhonkco kwi-2 × 2 matrix, ngelixa kwezinye iibrendi zenza umqolo othe tye ngaphezu kwe-ATX.

Umenzi ngamnye ubanika igama labo lokuthengisa: kwi-MSI baziwa njenge EZ Debug LEDs, ASUS iyababiza Q-LED kwaye iGIGABYTE ibachonge njenge Iimeko ze-LED. I-ASRock, inxalenye yayo, igcina i-nomenclature ngqo (CPU / DRAM / VGA / BOOT) efana neyodwa kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda.

Ukuba unawo nawaphi na amathandabuzo malunga nokubekwa okanye iodolo kwimodeli yakho ethile, eyona ndlela isebenzayo kukukhangela incwadi yemigaqo okanye icandelo leenkcukacha zomenzi ujonge amagama afana nala. ukulungisa ingxaki, ukulungisa ingxaki okanye uyiloAmaxwebhu asemthethweni ahlala ebandakanya imizobo yendawo kunye neetheyibhile zentsingiselo yekhowudi.

Umyalelo wezibane ze-LED nge-brand

Ulungelelwaniso lomzimba lwee-LED alufani kubo bonke abavelisi, nangona luhlala lungaguquguquki ngaphakathi kwebhrendi nganye. Oku kubalulekile kuba ukuba awukwazi ukufunda i-silkscreens ngokuchanekileyo, Ukukhumbula iodolo eqhelekileyo kuya kukunceda uchonge i-LED ekhanyisiweyo ngaphandle kwempazamo.

ASRock

1. ICPU
2. DRAM
3. VGA
4. yokuMisela

Kule meko, i-LED yokuqala ngakwesobunxele ihlala ihambelana neprosesa kunye neyokugqibela kwinkqubo yokuqalisa; ukuba i-LED yesine ihlala ilungisiwe, Cinga nge ukugcinwa kwaye uqale umyalelo.

I-ASUS (Q-LED)

1. Boot (luhlaza)
2. VGA (mhlophe)
3. I-DRAM (yellow)
4. CPU (bomvu)

I-ASUS ikwasebenzisa isikimu sombala esaziwayo: I-CPU ebomvu, i-DRAM emthubi, i-VGA emhlophe kunye ne-BOOT eluhlazaLe khowudi ibonwayo ikhawulezisa ukuxilongwa ngokukrwaquza.

IGIGABYTE (Ii-LED zesimo)

1. VGA
2. ICPU
3. IBHODI
4. DRAM

Kwi-GIGABYTE, kuqhelekile ukufumana ii-LED kulungiselelo lwe-2x2 phantsi kwekhonkco ye-ATX. Khumbula ukuba indawo ebonakalayo ingatshintsha phakathi kweemodeli, kodwa intsomi ecaleni kwe-LED nganye ayinakuphikiswa.

MSI (EZ Debug)

1. ICPU
2. DRAM
3. VGA
4. yokuMisela

Kwi-MSI ulandelelwano ludla ngokuhambelana nokuhamba kokukhangela ngexesha le-POST: I-CPU yokuqala, emva koko imemori, imizobo kwaye ekugqibeleni iqaleUkuba umisa kwenye yazo, ibonisa apho kufuneka uphande khona.

Yintoni eboniswa yi-LED nganye kunye nendlela yokwenza

Okokuqala: Ngexesha lokuqalisa kokuqala, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ii-LED zikhanyise kwaye zicime ngokulandelelanayo. Kuphela kuxa enye ihlala ikhanyisiwe malunga nomzuzu omnye kufuneka siqalise inkqubo yokuxilongwa. Ngezantsi intsingiselo ye-LED nganye kunye uluhlu olusebenzayo lokuyisombulula.

CPU LED (iprosesa)

Le LED ikhanyisa xa i-motherboard ingayiboni iprosesa esebenzayo okanye kukho impazamo ehambelana nayo. Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zi I-CPU ayihlalanga kakuhle, izikhonkwane ezonakeleyo, okanye umbane we-EPS uqhawulwe; Isenokuba kungenxa ye-BIOS yakudala engayazi imodeli yakho ye-CPU.

Izikhokelo zoVavanyo: 1) Cima kwaye ukhuphe ikhompyuter. 2) Susa i-heatsink, khupha i-CPU, kwaye ukhangele izikhonkwane ezigobileyo okanye nayiphi na incama eseleyo kubafowunelwa. 3) Lungiselela kwakhona i-CPU ngononophelo, ukusebenzisa i-thermal paste kunye nokufaka i-heatsink. 4) Qinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshela iintambo zamandla ze-CPU (izikhonkwane ezi-4/8) kunikezelo lwamandla. I-5) Yenza i-CMOS ecacileyo ukulawula izicwangciso ezingazinzanga. 6) Ukuba i-motherboard yakho iyakuvumela, ukuhlaziya i-BIOS (i-USB I-BIOS FlashBack kwi-ASUS, umzekelo) ukongeza inkxaso kwii-CPU ezintsha.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo i-CPU inokusebenza kodwa ngokusebenza okugwenxa ngenxa yephini lomqondiso elingabalulekanga kunye noqhagamshelwano olubi; kwityala, isixhobo sinokuqala ngaphandle kokuvula i-LED, kodwa uya kuqaphela ukusebenza kwehla okanye ukungazinzi phantsi komthwalo.

I-DRAM LED (inkumbulo ye-RAM)

Ikhanyisa xa kungekho modyuli zifunyenweyo okanye kukho ingxaki kwimemori. Oku kuhlala kubangwa ziimodyuli Azifakwanga ude ucofe kuzo zombini iithebhuIiprofayile zeXMP/EXPO ezinobundlavini okanye indibaniselwano yeekiti ezahlukeneyo nazo zidlala indima.

Amanyathelo acetyiswayo: 1) Phinda ubuyisele i-RAM kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iithebhu zivala ngokuzenzekelayo xa ucinezele. 2) Zama ukuqala ngemodyuli enye kwindawo echanekileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo eyesibini ukusuka kwi-CPU). 3) Tshintsha iimodyuli kunye neendawo zokubeka ukuchonga ukuba umntu unempazamo. 4) Coca abafowunelwa kunye neziseko zothuli. I-5) Khubaza i-XMP / EXPO okanye unciphise i-frequency / voltage kwi-BIOS ukuba imemori idlulile. 6) Khangela i-QVL yomenzi (uluhlu lweememori oluhambelanayo); ukuba ikhithi yakho ayibonakali, kunokubakho ukungahambelani. 7) Ukuba ingxaki iyaqhubeka, khangela izikhonkwane ze-CPU: Iphini eligobileyo linokubangela iimpazamo zeDRAM nokuba iimodyuli zilungile.

I-VGA LED (ikhadi lemizobo)

Le LED ikhanyisa xa kungekho GPU ifunyenweyo okanye kukho ingxaki. ukusilela ngemveliso yevidiyo. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukulibala i-6/8 pin PCIe izihlanganisi okanye ukuba ikhadi alihlali ngokufanelekileyo kwindawo yokubeka, ngoko. qala ngokuphonononga ufakelo lomzimba.

Uluhlu lokutshekisha: 1) Khusela iintambo zePCIe zobonelelo lwamandla kwiGPU kwaye uqinisekise ukuba i-latch ye-PCIe slot ibandakanyekile. 2) Zama enye i-PCIe x16 slot ukuba i-motherboard yakho ineyodwa, okanye uhlole ekhoyo ngomonakalo. 3) Abafowunelwa abacocekileyo kunye ne-PCIe slot4) Khangela ukuba i-monitor iqhagamshelwe kwimveliso ye-GPU ezinikeleyo ukuba usebenzisa enye, okanye kwi-motherboard ukuba usebenzisa iGPU. I-5) Vavanya ikhadi kwenye iPC okanye ufake i-GPU eyahlukileyo kweyakho ukuze uhlukanise abenzi bobubi. 6) Ukuba i-LED ibonakala ishushu (isikrini esimnyama kwi-desktop, abalandeli ngesantya esipheleleyo), inokuba ngumqhubi/ukusilela kwe-VBIOS okanye iGPU ngokwayo iphosakele.

Kubalulekile: Uninzi lweeprosesa ze-AMD Ryzen ngaphandle kwesimamva se-G kunye ne Intel nesimamva F ayibandakanyi i-GPU edibeneyoKwezi meko, ngaphandle kwekhadi lemizobo elizinikeleyo akuyi kubakho mqondiso wevidiyo kwaye iVGA LED ingahlala ikhanyisiwe.

I-BOOT LED

Ikhanyisa xa i-motherboard ingasiboni isixhobo sokuqalisa esisebenzayo okanye ingakwazi ukufumana inkqubo yokusebenza. Ukuba usandula ukwakha iPC yakho kwaye awukayifaki Windows okanye i-distro yakho, iqhelekile: faka inkqubo phambi kokuba wothuke.

Kwi-SATA drives: 1) Jonga idatha kunye neentambo zamandla. I-2) Guqula i-port ye-SATA ukuze ubone ukuba omnye onokwabelana nge-bandwidth kuvaliwe. 3) Zama enye intambo yeSATA. Kwi-M.2: 1) Khangela i-slot (i-SATA vs NVMe) kunye nokuhambelana kwe-chipset. 2) Faka kwakhona i SSD M.2 kwaye uyijije ngokuqinileyo. 3) Khangela ukuba akukho mdaka kubafowunelwa. 4) Qhagamshelana nencwadana yakho ukuze ubone ukuba ezinye iindawo zokubeka zivaliwe ngokuxhomekeke kuqwalaselo lwakho.

Ungalibali ukungena kwi-BIOS / UEFI ukuze uqinisekise umyalelo we-boot kwaye ubeke phambili i-drive echanekileyo. Kwezinye iibhodi zoomama, endaweni yokuvula iBOOT, Uya kubona umyalezo kwisikrini obonisa ukuba akukho sixhobo sokuqalisa.

Xa ibhodi yakho ingenayo ii-LED zokuxilonga

Uninzi lweebhodi zenqanaba lokungena okanye ezindala azinazo ii-LED zokulungisa. Kwimeko apho, kukho iindlela ezimbini ezizezinye: isithethi (isithethi senkqubo) kunye nomboniso wekhowudi. Isithethi siyakhupha iibhiphu ezimfutshane/ezide ezifaka iimpazamo ukusuka kwi-POST; itheyibhile echanekileyo ixhomekeke kwi-BIOS (AMI, Award, njl.).

Umboniso wamanani amabini obonisa iikhowudi ze-hexadecimal ziqhelekileyo kwiibhodi eziphezulu. Oku kusebenza kakhulu ukuchaneka, nangona kufuna ukudibana nencwadana ukutolika ixabiso ngalinye. Ngokuphathelele lula, Ii-LED zezona zibonakalayo kwaye zilula, ngelixa isithethi sivumela ukuxilongwa ngaphandle kokuvula inqaba ukuba sele ifakiwe.

Ukuba ikhomputha yakho ayizi nesithethi esifakwe ngaphambili, unokongeza ngokulula esinye, njengoko ihlala iqhagamshelana nentloko yee-pin ezine kwi-motherboard. Kwakhona, Isikhokelo semodeli yakho sibonisa isinxibelelanisi esichanekileyo kunye netafile yekhowudi ye-BIOS yakho.

Amanyathelo okuqala kunye neengcebiso zokusombulula

Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwi-disassembly, yenza oku kukhangela ngokukhawuleza: 1) Vumela inkqubo izame ukuqala umzuzu: ii-LED zinokuqhwanyaza kodwa azikho iphoso. 2) Jonga zonke iintambo zombane (ATX 24 pin, EPS CPU, PCIe GPU, SATA). 3) Nqamula i-USB kunye neeperipheral ezingabalulekanga ngexesha lovavanyo.

Ukuhambelana: Qinisekisa ukuba i-CPU yakho, imemori, kunye ne-SSD zixhaswa yi-motherboard yakho (jonga uluhlu lwe-QVL kunye ne-CPU). Oku kunokuba yimfuneko kwiibhodi zomama ezindala ezine-CPU zangoku. ukuhlaziya i-BIOS ukongeza inkxasoEzinye izixhobo ze-ASUS zivumela i-USB BIOS FlashBack ngaphandle kweprosesa efakiweyo, ukwenza uhlaziyo lube lula kakhulu.

Ubumbeko oluncinci: Zama ukuqalisa ngeziseko (i-CPU, i-RAM kwindawo ecetyiswayo, i-GPU ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunye nediski enye). Ukwenza i-CMOS ecacileyo kunceda ukulawula ii-ovashi ezingazinzanga okanye useto (XMP/EXPO) njengomthombo wengxaki.

Ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo: Ibhetri ye-CMOS efileyo inokucima izicwangciso kunye ne-block boot; ukuyibuyisela endaweni yayo (CR2032 kwiimodeli ezininzi ze-ATX/mATX) kutshiphu kwaye kuyakhawuleza. Unikezelo lombane olungalunganga lunokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo: Vavanya i-PSU kwenye ikhompyuter okanye utshintshe iintambo zeemodyuli ukuba unayo i-spare.

Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ezinye iibhodi zomama zibonisa izibane ezibomvu naxa usebenza; ukuba isixokelelwano sebhutsi ngaphandle kweempawu, jongana nencwadana yemigaqo yomfuziselo ukuqinisekisa eyona semantics. Xa i-LED ihlala iqinile kwaye akukho POST, Ewe, sithetha ngempazamo yokwenyani efuna ukulandelwa kwecandelo elihambelanayo.