I-Boot Trace kwi-Windows 11: Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokuhlalutya iinkqubo ze-boot

Ukuba eyakho Windows 11 ikhompyuter ithatha ngonaphakade ukuqala, okanye uqaphela ukuba emva kokungena, idesktop iyaba ngumkhenkce okwethutyana, inokuba lixesha lokwenza... Umkhondo wesiqalo esipheleleyoAyingomlingo omnyama: imalunga nokurekhoda ngokweenkcukacha ezinkulu okwenziwa yinkqubo yokusebenza, abaqhubi bayo, kunye neenkqubo ezithile ukusukela oko ucofa iqhosha lamandla de ube ungaqala ukusebenza ngokwesiqhelo.

Inkqubo ngokwayo iquka izixhobo ezinamandla kakhulu zokurekhoda olu lwazi, kodwa zifihlakele kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwazo akusoloko kubonakala. Ngaphezu koko, nge ixesha Iyagcwalisa Inkunkuma yedijithali: iinkqubo zokuqalisa, iikuki, iifayile zexeshana, kunye neentsalela zohlaziyo ezingancedi ncam ngexesha lokuqalisa elikhawulezayo. Kweli nqaku, siza kubona indlela yokuthatha i-Boot Trace kwi-Windows 11 nge-Windows Performance Recorder, yeyiphi indima yokulandelela iiseshini ezifana nokudlala kwe-logger yehlabathi, kwaye zeziphi iisetingi ezongezelelweyo onokuthi uzifake ekunciphiseni ukuphahlazeka xa ucima okanye uqalisa kwakhona.

Yintoni iBoot Trace kwiWindows 11 kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?

I-Boot Trace kwi-Windows 11 ngokusisiseko a irekhodi eneenkcukacha kakhulu yenkqubo yokuqalisaIWindows inezixhobo zangaphakathi zokulandela umkhondo ezikwaziyo ukurekhoda into eyenziwa yi-kernel, yintoni abaqhubi abalayishiweyo, zeziphi iinkonzo eziqalayo, kunye nendlela abanye ababoneleli beminyhadala abaziphatha ngayo ngexesha lezigaba ezahlukeneyo zokuqalisa.

Lonke olu matshini luxhomekeke kuyo Ukulandelela uMnyhadala weWindows (ETW)Le yitekhnoloji yokulandela umnyhadala esetyenziswe nguMicrosoft iminyaka ukufumanisa iingxaki zokusebenza. Esikhundleni sokufakela izixhobo ezingaqhelekanga zangaphandle, kusebenze iiseshoni zokulandelela ezikhethekileyo ezirekhoda iziganeko kwifayile yelog, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye ne-.etl extension, ehlalutya emva koko ngezixhobo ezithile.

Ngexesha lokuqalisa, ungasebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulandela umkhondo. Enye yezona zinamandla kukuthembela kwi iseshoni yokulandelela irejistra yehlabathiLe seshoni iqala kwangoko kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuqalisa kwaye ivumela ulwazi olubalulekileyo ukuba lubanjwe nangaphambi kokuba uninzi lweenkonzo luqale. Nangona kunjalo, le seshoni inezithintelo ezibalulekileyo (ezifana nenani lababoneleli abasebenzayo ngaxeshanye okanye ubungakanani bebuffer), ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uziqonde kakuhle phambi kokuba uyisebenzise ngokungakhethiyo.

Ubuhle beBoot Trace kukuba ayikuxeleli nje "iPC yakho ithatha imizuzwana engama-80 ukuqala," kodwa ikubonisa ngqo. Ngowuphi umqhubi, inkonzo, okanye isicelo esilibazisa ukuqalisa?, ukuba kukho imiqobo yedisk, ukuba i-Explorer ithatha ixesha elide ukuyilayisha emva kokungena, okanye ukuba isoftware ethile yomntu wesithathu ivalela ukuvala okanye ukuqala kwakhona.

Izixhobo ezifunekayo: I-Windows ADK kunye ne-Windows Performance Toolkit

Ukubamba i-Boot Trace yangoku Windows 11, ukhetho olucetyiswayo kukusebenzisa i Windows Performance Recorder (WPR), eyinxalenye ye Izixhobo ze-Windows Performance (WPT)Oku, kwakhona, kufakwe kwi-Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Windows ADK.

I-ADK ikhutshelwa kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeMicrosoft usebenzisa i iindlela zokukhuphela ezihlaziyiweyo ezidla ngokudityaniswa phantsi kwekhonkco elifutshane http://aka.ms/adk. Kwiindawo ezingasebenziyo okanye xa ufuna ukugcina isifakeli, iMicrosoft ikwabonelela ngoguqulelo olungasebenziyo, umzekelo ADK 21H2 ehambelanayo Windows 10 kunye Windows 11, onokuyifumana njengephakheji epheleleyo ekhutshelwayo.

Ngexesha lofakelo lwe-ADK, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba, ukuba ufuna kuphela ukusebenza nge-Boot Traces kunye nohlalutyo lokusebenza, ukhethe kuphela uphawu. Isixhobo seWindows PerformanceI-installer ibandakanya uvavanyo oluninzi olongezelelweyo, ukuthunyelwa, kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanya ongazidingiyo kule meko, ngoko unokuzishiya zonke zingakhethwanga ukugcina indawo kunye nexesha.

Nje ukuba ukhuphelo kunye nofakelo lugqityiwe, i-WPT ephunyeziweyo iya kuvela ngokwesiqhelo endleleni C:\iifayile zeNkqubo (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Windows Performance ToolkitNgaphakathi kweso sixhobo uya kufumana, phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-WPR.exe (irekhodi), i-WPA.exe (i-analyzer), kunye nezinto eziluncedo ezifana ne-XPerf. Kuqhelekile ukwenza indlela emfutshane kwiWPR kwidesktop ukuze ungazulazula kwiincwadi ngalo lonke ixesha.

Kwezinye iimeko, yonke imixholo yaloo folda icinezelwe kwifayile ye-ZIP kwaye isasazwe ngaphakathi, ukuze Qalisa i-WPR kunye ne-WPA ngaphandle kokufaka kwakhona i-ADK yonke kumatshini ngamnye. Khupha nje iphakheji kuyo nayiphi na indawo kwaye uqalise izixhobo ukusuka apho, uhlala uneemvume ezaneleyo.

Uyenza njani iBoot Trace ngeWindows Performance Recorder ngaphakathi Windows 11

Ukubamba iBoot Trace yokwenyani Windows 11 ngeWPR, inyathelo lokuqala kukuqhuba WPR.exe ngamalungelo omlawuliUnokwenza oku kwimenyu yokuQala ngokuchwetheza "iWindows Performance Recorder", ukucofa ekunene kwaye ukhethe "Baleka njengomlawuli", okanye uqalise ukuphunyezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwifolda yezixhobo ngokucofa ekunene nokukhetha ukhetho olufanayo.

Ekuvuleni, iWPR ibonisa ujongano olulula oluneseto ezininzi ezichazwe kwangaphambili. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwinjongo yethu yimeko yokusebenza ebizwa yokuMiselaLe meko sele imiselwe ukurekhoda ulwazi olungundoqo lwesiqalo: i-kernel, idiski, i-CPU, abaqhubi, iinkonzo, kunye nomsebenzi emva kokungena ngemvume.

Eyona ndlela iluncedo idla ngokushiya ezinye iinketho njengoko zinjalo ngokungagqibekanga, ngaphandle kokuba unesizathu esicacileyo sokuzitshintsha. I-WPR ikuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise, umzekelo, inqanaba leenkcukacha (ukukhanya, iinkcukacha, njl.), nokuba ii-stacks zefowuni ziqokelelwa, kunye nezinye iiparitha eziphambili, kodwa kwininzi yokuxilongwa kwe-boot, izicwangciso ezingagqibekanga zanele. ulungelelwaniso olucetyiswayo ngesixhobo ngokwaso.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukulandelela, i-WPR iya kukucela ukuba ukhethe i indawo ekuyiwa kuyo ukugcina ifayile ye ETL eya kuqulatha umkhondo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe idrayivu enendawo esimahla kwaye unqande iindlela ezicothayo zenethiwekhi. Yinike igama elichazayo, into efana ne "BootTrace_W11_DateTime.etl", ukuze ungayixubi kunye nolunye uvavanyo olwenza kamva.

Xa ucofa u-"Qala", inkqubo iya kukwazisa ukuba kufuneka iqalise kwakhona ikhompyutha ukuze iqalise ukuthatha idatha yokuqalisa. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, IWindows iya kuvala kwaye iqalise kwakhona, irekhoda yonke inkqubo ngokweenkcukacha.Kufuneka nje uyivumele iqalise, kwaye emva koko ungene njengoko ubunokwenza ngokwesiqhelo.

Emva kokuba ungene, iWindows Performance Recorder iya kuqalisa ngokuzenzekelayo emva kwemizuzwana embalwa. Uya kubona ifestile encinci ebonisa ukuba isixhobo siqokelela idatha kunye nesibali-xesha. Ngokungagqibekanga, ihlala ilinda malunga imizuzu emibini ukuvumela uMhloli weWindows kunye neminye imisebenzi yasemva kokuqalisa ukugqiba ukulayisha, ekwanceda ekuchongeni iingxaki ngexesha lesigaba sokungena hayi nje ngexesha lokuqalisa elisulungekileyo.

Xa eso sibali sigqiba, i-WPR imisa iseshoni yomkhondo, ibhala umkhondo kwifayile ye-ETL kwindlela oyikhethileyo, kwaye ibonisa umyalezo oqinisekisa ukuba umkhondo wesiqalo ugcinwe ngempumelelo. Ukusuka apho, unga... Vula umkhondo ngeWindows Performance Analyzer ukufunda, ngokweenkcukacha ezinkulu, zeziphi iindawo zokuqalisa ezidla elona xesha lininzi okanye izixhobo.

Ukujongwa okuphezulu ngexesha lokuqalisa: iseshoni ye-logger yehlabathi kunye ne-ETW

Emva kwe-Windows Performance Recorder yi-ETW (Umkhondo woMcimbi weWindows) wokulandela inkqubo, ekuvumela ukuba wenze okwahlukileyo. iiseshoni zokulandelela eqokelela imisitho kumacandelo athile: i-kernel, abaqhubi besixhobo, iinkonzo zesistim, kunye nabanye ababoneleli abakhethekileyo.

Enye yeeseshoni ezikhethekileyo yinto ebizwa iseshoni yokulandelela irejistra yehlabathi (Iseshini yeGlobal Logger). Le seshoni inokuqwalasela ukuba isebenze kwangoko kakhulu ngexesha loqalo lwenkqubo, naphambi kokuba zonke iinkonzo eziqhelekileyo zilayishwe, iyenza ibe luncedo kakhulu xa ufuna ukubamba ulwazi malunga neengxaki ezenzeka kanye kumanqanaba okuqala okuqalisa.

Nangona kunjalo, irejistra yehlabathi inemida emininzi ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Umzekelo, inani lababoneleli beETW abanokuthi basebenze ngaxeshanye Kuloo seshoni, ubungakanani be-buffer buncinci, kwaye kukho izithintelo kwisixa sedatha enokusingatha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yiziganeko. Ukuba uvula ababoneleli abaninzi kakhulu okanye ulungelelanise gwenxa iiparamitha, ungaphela uvelisa umkhondo ongaphelelanga okanye ongaphelelanga.

Ngesi sizathu, iMicrosoft icebisa ukuba kucace kakhulu malunga nento ofuna ukuyiphanda ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-logger yehlabathi. Ukuba ufuna kuphela ukubamba umkhondo wesiqalo oqhelekileyo ukulinganisa ukusebenza, umboniso osezantsi weWPR wesiqalo, osele udibanisa eyona kernel ifanelekileyo kunye nababoneleli bomqhubi ngaphandle kokungena kubumbeko obugqithisileyo.

Kwiimeko eziphambili kakhulu, kunokuba sengqiqweni ukunyenyisa iiseshini zeETW ngesandla okanye ngezikripthi, umzekelo Nika amandla ababoneleli abathile bomqhubi ophikisanayo okanye isoftware ethile ebalulekileyo yomntu wesithathuNangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabalawuli kunye neengcali zenkxaso zilawula kakuhle ngokugqibeleleyo usebenzisa ulungelelwaniso oluza ne-WPR ngaphandle kokufuna ukungena kwiinkcukacha ze-ETW.

Inkunkuma ekuqaleni: iinkqubo zokuqalisa kunye neefayile zexeshana

Ngaphandle komkhondo kunye nohlalutyo, kubomi bokwenyani esinye sezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zeengxaki zokuqalisa kancinci Windows 11 inani elingenangqiqo leenkqubo ezilayisha ngokuzenzekelayo ekuqaleniPhakathi kwenkqubo ngokwayo, umenzi wePC, kunye nezinto eziluncedo ze hardwareNgamagumbi okhuseleko, abaxumi bemiyalezo, abaqalisi bemidlalo, kunye nokunye, kulula kuluhlu lomphathi wokuqalisa ukuphuphuma kwesikrini.

Kwiikhompyuter ezininzi ezintsha, umsebenzisi ugqiba ukuseta okokuqala aze alibale ngayo. Abafane bavule i Umlawuli weMisebenzi ukujonga into eqala ngeeWindows, okanye abayazi nokuba ithebhu yokuQalisa ikhona. Isiphumo kukuba, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, ikhomputha ibonakala icotha kakhulu kunosuku lokuqala, ngaphandle kokuba umntu aqonde ukuba kutheni le nto yenzekayo kumatshini omtsha.

Ukwenza izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi, ziqokelela ngokuhamba kwexesha. Iifayile zexeshana, iifayile ze.tmp, i-cache yebrawuza, .iintsalela zohlaziyo zakudala, kunye .log logsZonke ezi zinto azithathi nje indawo kwidisk; kwezinye iimeko inokuphazamisana neenkqubo zogcino, i-backups okanye i-antivirus scans, echaphazela ngokungangqalanga kwakhona ixesha lokuqalisa kunye nokuvalwa.

Igcisa elifika kwiPC esebenza ngesantya somkumba lifumana amakhulu amawaka eefayile ezingenamsebenzi ezisasazeke kuyo yonke inkqubo. Kwanangaphambi kokuba uqalise ukulungisa kakuhle inkqubo yokuqalisa ngeBoot Traces kunye nezinye izixhobo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kwi... sula iicookies zokulandelela, okwethutyana kunye isoftwe ngezixhobo ezithile ezifana ne-anti-spyware yasimahla, abacoci bedisk, kunye nophononongo lwencwadi lweefolda eziphambili.

Enyanisweni, akuqhelekanga ukuba yonke inkqubo yokucoca ithathe iiyure kwizixhobo ezonakele kakhulu: fakela izixhobo ezifanelekileyoSkena, susa izinto ezingafunekiyo, kwaye emva koko uqalise ukulungisa yonke inkqubo. Kuphela kuxa iifayile eziyinkunkuma zincitshisiwe kwaye iinkqubo zokuqalisa ezingeyomfuneko ziye zanqunyanyiswa apho iBoot Trace iqala ukubonisa idata eluncedo ngokwenene ukulungiselela kakuhle imizuzwana yokugqibela yokuqalisa.

Ukufumanisa ukuvalwa kunye nokuqalisa iingxaki kwakhona Windows 11

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iingxaki ezikhokelela ekuqwalaseleni umkhondo we-boot azikhawulelwanga ekuqaliseni. Kuqhelekile ukuba ikhompyuter ibe nemiba. Ithathe ixesha elide ukuyicima, okanye ayizange igqibe nokuyivula., ukuhlala ubambekile kwi "Ukuvala" okanye "UkuQalisa" isikrini ixesha elide de umsebenzisi athathe indlela emfutshane kwaye abambe iqhosha lamandla.

Olo hlobo lokuziphatha ngokuqhelekileyo lubonisa ukuba umntu othile Icandelo, inkonzo, okanye inkqubo ivala inkqubo yokuvala.Iinzame zeWindows zokumisa ngocwangco zonke iinkonzo, ukwazisa usetyenziso oluvulekileyo, kunye nokuphelisa iinkqubo zangasemva. Ukuba enye yezi zinto ayiphenduli okanye ixhonywe ngelixa uzama ukugcina idatha okanye ukukhulula izixhobo, yonke inkqubo inokushiywa ilindele impendulo engazange ifike.

Inyathelo lokuqala ekuxilongeni nasekunciphiseni ezi meko kukwenza into eyaziwa ngokuba a I-boot ecocekileyoAyilofakelo olutsha, okanye a Indlela ekhuselekileyokodwa indlela yokuqalisa iWindows ngodibaniso oluncinci lwabaqhubi bomntu wesithathu kunye neenkqubo zokuqalisa, ukujonga ukuba ingxaki ivela kwinto elayisha ngokuzenzekelayo.

Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukuvula ibhokisi yencoko ethi "Run" kunye nendibaniselwano yesitshixo seWindows + R, ukuchwetheza msconfig kwaye cinezela Ngena. Kwifestile yoLungiselelo lweSistim, khetha i-General tab kwaye ukhangele i-"Selective startup" ukhetho, ungakhethi ibhokisi ethi "Layisha izinto zokuqalisa". Emva koko yiya kwiiNkonzo isithuba, kwaye kuqala ukhangele ibhokisi "Fihla zonke iinkonzo zeMicrosoft" (Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqanda ukukhubaza iinkonzo zenkqubo ebalulekileyo) kwaye emva koko ucofe ku "Khubaza zonke" ukuvala okwethutyana iinkonzo zomntu wesithathu.

Emva kokwamkela kunye nokuqalisa kwakhona, iWindows iya kuqala ngeseti encinci yeenkonzo kwaye ngaphandle kweenkqubo ezininzi zomntu wesithathu ezilayishwe ekuqaleni. Ukusuka apho, jonga ukuba ukuvalwa okanye iingxaki zokuqalisa kancinci ziyaqhubeka. Ukuba ziyanyamalala, inyathelo elilandelayo elisengqiqweni kukuvuselela amaqela eenkonzo kunye neenkqubo nganye nganye de ube ufumene umthombo. yeyiphi into ethile ebangela ukuvalekaYinkqubo enzima noko, kodwa isebenza kakhulu ekuboneni uphazamiseko.

Kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba isiqalo esicocekileyo si ubuchule bokuxilongaOku akujoliswanga njengendlela esisigxina yokusebenzisa inkqubo, kodwa njengoncedo ekuchongeni umthombo wongquzulwano. Xa zisonjululwe, iinkonzo eziyimfuneko kunye nezinto zokuqalisa zibuyiselwa ngokuthe ngcembe, zishiya kuphela ezo zibonakalise ukuba ziyingxaki okanye zingabalulekanga zikhubazekile.