Yintoni iWinRAR delta compression kunye nendlela yokufumana okuninzi kuyo?

Ukuba ukhe wadibana neenketho eziphambili zeWinRAR Ukuba ukhe wazibuza ukuba yeyantoni "Delta Compression", ufike kwindawo elungileyo. Olu seto luyinxalenye yeseti yeeparamitha eziyilelwe ukucudisa amanqaku angaphezulu ocinezelo ngaphandle kwedatha ethile, kodwa usetyenziso gwenxa lunokucothisa umsebenzi okanye zenze zibe mandundu ngakumbi iziphumo.

Kule migca ilandelayo uya kufumana ingcaciso ecacileyo nepheleleyo malunga Yintoni i-WinRAR delta compression, isebenza njani, nini ukuyivula, kwaye ihlala njani? ngolunye ulungelelwaniso olunjengokukhangela kuluhlu olude, ukukhangela okupheleleyo, okanye ukucubungula kwangaphambili okuphunyeziweyo kwe-x86. Uyakubona kwakhona ukuba ingena njani kwiseti yokhetho lwenkqubo (ifomati yeRAR/ZIP, isichazi-magama, ucinezelo oluluqilima), kunye nokujonga kwi-syntax yomgca ngamnye we imiyalelo kwabo bakhetha ulawulo lwemilimitha.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-delta compression kwiWinRAR?

Uxinzelelo lweWinRAR delta yindlela yokulungisa kwangaphambili ukwahlula idatha kwitshaneli ezininzi zebhayithi enye kwaye igcina umahluko (deltas) phakathi kwazo endaweni yamaxabiso apheleleyo. Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa kwiifayile ezinezakhiwo eziphinda-phindayo kunye neepateni ezifanayo, ezifana neetheyibhile ezithile zedatha okanye imisinga apho amaxabiso atshintsha kancinci phakathi kwezikhundla ezilandelelanayo.

Ngokwesiqhelo, le ndlela ivumela i-algorithm yoxinzelelo oluphambili ukuba ifumane ukuncipha ngokulula, ukunciphisa i-entropy ebonakalayo kunye nokuphucula umlinganiselo woxinzeleloAyisoloko izisa izibonelelo, kodwa xa idatha ihambelana neprofayili (itafile, izakhiwo zamanani, uchungechunge oluthile), lungenza umehluko obonakalayo.

Kubalulekile ukuba ungadibanisi le ngcamango kunye ne-HTTP "i-Delta Encoding," indlela yokudlulisa ethumela kuphela utshintsho oluhambelana noguqulelo lwangaphambili lwesixhobo; Nangona babelana ngegama elithi "delta", balandela iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. kunye nokusebenza kumanqanaba ahluke ngokupheleleyo.

Isebenza njani: Imijelo kunye ne-byte-by-byte umahluko

Xa ucinezelo lwedelta luvuliwe, iWinRAR ibolisa umjelo ungene amajelo amaninzi ebhayithi enye kwaye ibala umahluko phakathi kwezinto ezihambelanayo ngaphakathi kwelo jelo. Khawufane ucinge itafile eneekholamu eziphindaphindayo: i-delta "flattens" inguqu ukuze i-compressor eyintloko (i-LZ kunye efanayo) ifumane ukuphindaphinda okude.

Iparameter yoxinzelelo lwedelta ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe inani lamatshaneli, phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-31Inani elikhulu lamatshaneli linokunceda ngezakhiwo ezinkulu okanye idatha kunye ne-periodicity esisigxina, nangona iziteshi ezikhulayo ngaphandle kwemilinganiselo ayinakubonelela ngokuphucula kwaye inokunyusa. ixesha Yoxinzelelo.

Qaphela ukuba oku kusetyenzwa kwangaphambili kunengqiqo kwidatha kunye nokuxhomekeka kwendawo kunye neepateni eziqhelekileyo; Kwidatha esele icinezelwe okanye engaqhelekanga kakhulu awuyi kubona izibonelelo, kwaye unokohlwaya isantya.

Apho yenziwe yasebenza kunye nokuba zeziphi ezinye iindlela ehlala kuzo

Kujongano lwegraphical, ucinezelo lwedelta luvela ngaphakathi Iinketho eziphambili zeRAR/RAR5 ifomathi, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinjengokukhangela kuluhlu olude, ukukhangela okupheleleyo, kunye nokulungiswa kwangaphambili kwee-x86 eziphunyeziweyo. Oku akufumaneki kwi-ZIP.

Kumgca womyalelo, ilawulwa ngesilungisi -mc, isintaksi sayo sibhetyebhetye: -mc[canales][modo][+ o -]. Ngale ndlela, ungachaza ukuba mangaphi amajelo onokusetyenziswa (efanelekileyo kuphela kwi-delta) kwaye yeyiphi indlela ekufuneka uyifake.

Iimowudi ezikhoyo zibandakanya D (delta), E (x86 executables), L (ukukhangela kuluhlu olude), kunye no-X (uphendlo olupheleleyo)Kwifomathi ye-RAR 5.0, ukuhambelana kukhawulelwe ku-D no-E; U-L kunye no-X abaxhaswanga phantsi kweso singxobo sithile.

Isivakalisi somgca womyalelo (-mc): iisimboli kunye neeparamitha

I--mc iswitshi yamkela inani lendibaniselwano ekufanele ukuba uyilawule ukuba ufuna ukulawula ucinezelo lomgangatho ophantsi; uphawu ekupheleni lulungisa umda: "+" isebenzisa i-algorithm ekhethiweyo kuyo yonke idatha, kwaye "-" iyayicima ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba awukhankanyi uphawu, iRAR ithatha isigqibo ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwedatha kunye nendlela yoxinzelelo.

Imizekelo esebenzayo: -mcD+ inyanzelisa uxinzelelo lwedelta, ngelixa -mc- ikhubaza zonke iindlela (i-delta, x86, uluhlu olude, kunye nokuphelela). Xa usebenzisa i-delta, ungakhankanya amajelo (1–31) ngoko nangoko emva kwe-mc: umzekelo, -mc31D+ Ndingazama ukusebenzisa amajelo angama-31 ane-delta enyanzelweyo.

Umzekelo opheleleyo othatyathwe kuncedo lwakudala ubonisa indlela yokuvula imo eyomeleleyo, isichazi-magama esibanzi, kunye nophendlo olupheleleyo kwingqokelela yezicatshulwa: WinRAR a -s -md1g -mcx texts *.txt. Apha, “-x” in -mcx icela ukhangelo olupheleleyo.

Ukukhangela okuLunge okude kunye noKusebenzisana kwayo

Umsebenzi we uphendlo olude Yenza i-algorithm ibone iibhloko ezinkulu, ezikude, eziphindaphindiweyo ngaphakathi komsinga. Oku kunokuphucula umlinganiselo wokunyanzeliswa kokubini kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, isantya sedatha engafunekiyo kakhulu (umzekelo, iitekisi ezinkulu), ngexabiso lokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kwememori ngexesha loxinzelelo.

Le mowudi ingasetyenziswa ngeendlela zokucinezela ukusuka “Khawuleza” ukuya “Kungcono” (ngokuqikelelwa ngokulingana no -m2..-m5) kwaye ayihoywa kwisetingi ekhawulezayo (“Ngokukhawuleza Kakhulu” okanye -m1). Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa usebenza nezichazi-magama ezinkulu.

Ngezichazi-magama ezingaphezu kwe-4 GB, ukukhangela kuluhlu olude yenza kusebenze ngokuzenzekelayo kuba kuyimfuneko ukuthatha ithuba lolo bukhulu; kuxhomekeke kujongano kunye noguqulelo, usenokungakwazi ukuyicima, nangona kukho iiswitshi (-mcl+ / -mcl-) ukusuka kumgca womyalelo ukuyinyanzela okanye ukuyicima.

Uphendlo olupheleleyo: luhlawula nini?

Ulungiselelo lwe uphendlo olupheleleyo Ithatha ukuchongwa komdlalo ngokugqithisileyo: iskena nzulu kakhulu ekukhangeleni iipateni, ezinokubonelela ngophuculo oluncinci loxinzelelo kwidatha engafunekiyo kakhulu. Urhwebo lucacile: lucotha kakhulu.

Ukuze usebenze ngokwenene, ifuna uluhlu olude lokukhangelaNgapha koko, iWinRAR iyenza isebenze ngokuthe gca xa ukhetha imowudi epheleleyo. Ukuba ixesha alingomcimbi kwaye i-dataset ifanelekile, likhadi onokulidlala.

Ukucinezela i-Intel x86 ephunyeziweyo

WinRAR ibandakanya preprocessor ethile 86 kunye 32 bit x64 binaries, leyo iphucula ucinezelo lwe-executables enkosi kwiinguqu ezenza ulwakhiwo lwekhowudi ethile luqikeleleke ngakumbi. Kumgca womyalelo, ikhethwa nge "E" imo ngaphakathi kwe-mc ngokwayo.

Njenge delta, esi sihluzo ayingomlingo okanye ayingobantu bamazwe ngamazwe: Oku kuluncedo xa umxholo ngokwenene x86 ikhowudi ephunyeziweyo; ukuba uyayisebenzisa kwenye idatha, ungalindeli naziphi na iinzuzo, kwaye unokubona ixesha elongezelelweyo lokucubungula.

Iindlela zokucinezela kunye namanqanaba: ukusuka "kuGcino" ukuya "Eyona nto ingcono"

Nokuba ngaba ezi preprocessors zingasentla, WinRAR ibonelela ezininzi iindlela zoxinzelelo lwehlabathi: “Ugcino” (akukho luxinzelelo), “Ikhawulezayo,” “Khawuleza,” “Eqhelekileyo,” “Ilungile,” kunye “Eyona nto ibhetele.” Amanqanaba aphezulu athetha ukunyanzeliswa kunye nexesha elide lokugcina.

Ukuba ujonge ibhalansi yokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla (izinamathiselo ze-imeyile, ukuhanjiswa okuncinci), "Eqhelekileyo" idla ngokuba lolona khetho lunengqiqo"Eyona nto ikhawulezayo" ifanelekile kwii-backups rhoqo apho ixesha liyinto ebalulekileyo, kwaye "Eyona nto ingcono" ifanelekile xa ubukhulu bokugqibela buyinto ephambili (ukuhanjiswa kwe-intanethi, ukugcinwa kwe-archive).

Khumbula ukuba ukhetha i-ZIP, uninzi lwaba basebenzi bangaphambili Ayizizo i-avaliableUkufumana okuninzi kuyo, sebenza kwiRAR okanye iRAR5.

Ubungakanani besichazi-magama: inkumbulo, isantya, kunye nenzuzo yehlabathi lokwenyani

Isichazi-magama yindawo yenkumbulo esetyenziswa yi-algorithm Fumana kwaye ubuyisele iipateni eziphindaphindiweyoOkukhona isichazi-magama sikhulu, kokukhona umxholo kunye noxinzelelo olunokubangcono, ngakumbi kwiifayile ezinkulu nakwimo eqinileyo.

Njengesikhokelo ngokubanzi, uxwebhu lweWinRAR lucebisa 4 MB ye-RAR kunye ne-32 MB ye-RAR5 njengamaxabiso amiselweyo angagqibekanga. Ukusuka apho, ungayandisa ukuba isixhobo sakho kunye nemeko iyayiqinisekisa, usazi ukuba ucinezelo luya kucotha kwaye ludle inkumbulo eninzi xa ucinezela (ungaxinzezeli).

Khumbula ukuba imisebenzi ethile efana nokukhangela kuluhlu olude ukufumana ukubaluleka ngezichazi-magama ezinkulu; ngaphezu kwe-4 GB, iWinRAR ithande ukuyivula ngokuzenzekelayo ngenxa yemfuneko yobugcisa.

Uxinzelelo oluqinileyo: yintoni, inzuzo, ingozi, kunye nexesha lokuyisebenzisa

Ifayile eqinileyo iphatha iifayile ezininzi njengenye. umjelo oqhubekayo wedathaOku kuvumela ukukhangela ukuphindaphinda phakathi kweefayile ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, iifayile ezininzi ezincinci kunye ezifanayo) kunye nokuphucula kakhulu amazinga oxinzelelo. Olu luphawu olulodwa lwefomati yeRAR; I-ZIP ayinakomelela.

Izinto ezingeloncedo zibalulekile: ukukhupha ifayile enye embindini, I-WinRAR kufuneka iqhube yonke into engentla, ukuze utsalo lucothe. Kwakhona, ukuba inxalenye yefayile eqinileyo yonakele, iifayile ezingaphantsi kwayo zinokungafikeleleki, ngoko luluvo oluhle ukwenza ukuloga kwakhona kwimidiya engathembekanga.

Xa kufanelekile: ukuba ifayile ayihlaziywa rhoqo, ukuba awudingi ukususa rhoqo iindawo ezikhululekileyo, kwaye ukuba izinga loxinzelelo ligqithisa ucinezelo kunye nesantya sokuhlaziya.

Ngokungagqibekanga, WinRAR iqhelekile Hlela iifayile ngokongezwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemowudi eqinileyo. Ungawucima lo myalelo nge-DS okanye uchaze eyakho ngefayile ekhethekileyo rarfiles.lst. Imiqulu kunye ne-SFX (i-self-extracting) inokuba yinto eqinile.

Zeziphi iintlobo zeefayile ezicinezelweyo (kwaye zeziphi ezingekhoyo)

Akukho sithembiso soxinzelelo olusisigxina. Ifayile nganye lihlabathi: Kukho iziqulatho ezinokucuthwa ngaphezulu kwe-90% kwaye ezinye zinciphe kancinci, okanye zikhule kancinci ngenxa yokuphakama komgqomo.

Esele zicinezelwe (ZIP, 7z, RAR, BZip2...) okanye iifomati ezinoxinzelelo lwangaphakathi njenge JPEG/PNG/GIF, MP3/WMA, AVI/MPG/WMV ividiyo kunye namaxwebhu eOfisi ale mihla (DOCX/XLSX, njl. njl.) akafane aphucuke; zama ukuzigcina (“UGcino”) okanye uzibeke ngokwamaqela ngokuqinileyo neziyeleleneyo ukuba ukhangela iodolo kunobukhulu.

Apho uphumelela khona: umbhalo ocacileyo, CSV, JSON, umthombo ikhowudi, logs kunye nedatha engafunekiyo ngokubanzi. Kulapho izihluzi (delta, x86), izichazi-magama, kunye noxinzelelo olomeleleyo olukhanya ngokwenene.

Delta kunye nezinye izihluzi zakudala "zemultimedia".

Kwi-WinRAR useto oluphambili lwembali uya kubona iireferensi kwiiprofayile ezinje “Umbhalo” (uqikelelo), “Isandi” (imijelo), “Umbala Wenene” Ukukwazi ukwenza i-86/32-bit x64 kunye noxinzelelo lwe-delta ngoku kuyafumaneka. Ezi ziindlela zokulungisa kwangaphambili ezenzelwe ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba kwedatha ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwedatha.

Umzekelo, khetha iziteshi eziphezulu (ukuya kwi-31) kwimijelo ethi "Sound". okanye ukunyanzelisa i-delta kwiitafile kunokunceda, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukulinganisa: ukusebenzisa izihluzi ngokungakhethiyo kunokunciphisa ukusebenza ngaphandle kokubonelela ngoxinzelelo olongezelelweyo.

Ifilosofi iyafana rhoqo: Chonga ipateni kwaye usebenzise isihluzo esifanelekileyoUkuba ayicacanga, vumela iWinRAR ithathe isigqibo ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ivavanye umphumo ngesampulu.

I-RAR vs. ZIP: Kutheni Khetha enye okanye enye

I-WinRAR ikuvumela ukuba wenze i-archives I-RAR (kubandakanywa i-RAR5) kunye ne-ZIPI-ZIP likhadi lasendle elisetyenziswa kakhulu, liluncedo ukuba awuyazi ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo umamkeli aya kuyisebenzisa ukuthoba. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokufikelela kuzo zonke iisetingi, iRAR lolona khetho lucetyiswayo.

Kwi-ZIP, uluhlu lwe-preprocessed kunye amaqhinga (delta, x86, uphendlo oluphambili) incinci kakhuluUkucudisa izichazi-magama ezinkulu, imo eqinileyo, kunye nezihluzi, sebenza ngeRAR/RAR5 nanini na kunokwenzeka.

Iindlela ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa i-delta compression

Vavanya umxholo: ukuba kunjalo iitafile, idatha yamanani, uthotho olunotshintsho olugudileyo okanye ukuphindaphinda izakhiwo, zama uvavanyo lwe-delta. Ukuba sele icinezelwe imidiya, yigcine.

Qala nge-automatic enye: vumela iWinRAR ithathe isigqibo kwaye emva koko thelekisa amandla vs. oluzenzekelayo kwiseti esezantsi yeefayile. Ukuba ukuphuculwa kobungakanani kuncinci kwaye ixesha liyanda, akufanelekanga.

Synergies: Delta isebenza kakuhle kunye imo eqinileyo kunye nezichazi-magama ezinesisa xa iseti yedatha iqinisekisa oko. Kwiifayile ezixubileyo, zahlula ngodidi kwimiqulu eyahlukeneyo okanye sebenzisa ukuhlelwa kolwandiso.

Umda wesitishi: musa ukulayisha amajelo ngenxa nje yokulayisha. Uvavanyo 4–8, 16 no-31 ukuba uyakrokrela ixesha, kodwa yeka ukuba inzuzo iyancipha.

Ujongano lomzobo vs. umgca womyalelo

Ukuba usebenza nge "Igama eligciniweyo kunye neeparamitha", khetha ifomathi yeRAR/RAR5, indlela (ukusuka "kuGcino" ukuya "Eyona nto ingcono"), isichazi-magama, kunye nethebhu ephezulu, vula okanye ushiye ngokuzenzekelayo idelta, x86, uluhlu olude, kunye neendlela ezipheleleyo. Ukuze uqine, khetha "Yenza uvimba oqinileyo."

Kwi-CLI, dibanisa iiswitshi: -m5 ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo, -s yokuqina, -md kwisichazi-magama (umzekelo, -md64m), -mcD+ ukunyanzela idelta, -mcl+ kuluhlu olude kunye -mcx ngokugqibeleleyo (yenza uluhlu olude olucacileyo). Lungisa ngokusekelwe kwiimvavanyo.

Khumbula ukuba kwiRAR5, ngu-D no-E kuphela abavumelekileyo ngaphakathi -mc; ukuba uzama u-L okanye u-X ngaloo fomati, isixhobo sizakungahoyi isicwangciso okanye sikunike isilumkiso.

Ulindelo oluyinyani kunye nomlinganiselo

Akukho mntu unokuthembisa ukuba "uhlala ecinezela i-X%". Imigaqo yomxholoKukho iimeko zokusikeka okumangalisayo, kwaye abanye apho ufumana inkxaso kuphela. Into onokuthi uyilawule luluhlu lwezinto onokukhetha kuzo kunye nexesha ozimisele ukutyala ngalo.

Indlela enengqiqo: dala a iprofayile yocinezelo olungagqibekanga kunye nezicwangciso zakho ozithandayo (i-RAR5, eqinile ukuba iyasebenza, "Ilungile" okanye "iNgcono" indlela, isichazi-magama esifanelekileyo) kunye nemithwalo ethile (umzekelo, i-tabular) vula i-delta kwaye uthelekise isampuli.

Ukuba usasaza kumaqela esithathu, khumbula ukuhambelana: I-ZIP iqinisekisa ukuvulwa kwendawo yonke; I-RAR/RAR5 ifuna izixhobo ezihambelanayo kodwa ikuvuza ngezinga elingcono kunye nolawulo olungaphezulu.