Uzicima njani iifayile ukuze zingafumaneki nakweyiphi na idrayivu

Ngaba ukhe wazibuza ukuba ukucima ifayile kwikhompyuter yakho kuyenza iphele ngonaphakade? Uninzi lwabasebenzisi bakholelwa ukuba ukukhupha i-Recycle Bin okanye ukucofa isitshixo sokuCima kwanele ukwenza idatha ingafikeleleki. Nangona kunjalo, inyaniso kukuba, ngaphandle kwamanyathelo afanelekileyo, Iifayile zakho zinokufunyanwa nasemva kokuba zicinywe ngonaphakade. ngumntu onolwazi olusisiseko kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

Kweli nqaku siza kuphonononga Zonke iindlela kunye neenketho ezikhoyo zokucima iifayile ngendlela yokuba zingafumaneki kuyo nayiphi na iyunithi ye ukugcinwa, nokuba yi-classic hard drive (HDD), i-SSD drive yangoku, okanye amakhadi ememori i-USBSiza kugubungela iindlela kubasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo kunye nabaphambili, ukuphonononga isoftware ethile, amaqhinga yendlela yokusebenza ngokwayo kwaye, kwezona meko zinzima, iinketho eziphathekayo eziqinisekileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa ucima ifayile kwiWindows okanye kwiMacOS?

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi kukuba Inkqubo yokusebenza ayicimi ngokoqobo ifayile xa uyicima. Xa uthumela ifayile kwi-Recycle Bin kwaye uyikhuphe, okanye uyicime ngokuthe ngqo, kwenzeka ntoni ngasemva kukuba Windows kwaye iMacOS iphawula eso sithuba “njengesimahla” esiza kusetyenziswa zezinye iifayileIdatha isekho-kuphela isalathiso esibhekiselele kuyo siyanyamalala-kwaye sinokufunyanwa kwakhona ngeenkqubo zokubuyisela ide ibhalwe ngaphezulu ngolwazi olutsha.

Le nyaniso isebenza ngokwahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweyunithi:

• Kwihard drives yoomatshini (HDD), idatha ihlala ngokwasemzimbeni kwiidiski kwaye ayicinywa ide ibhale ngaphezulu idatha entsha.
• Kwi-SSD drivesKukwakho nomsebenzi we-TRIM, onceda ukucima ngokuchanekileyo iiseli, kodwa inkqubo ayikhawulezi kwaye ayikhuselekanga ngokugqibeleleyo kwidatha ebuthathaka.

Kutheni kufuneka uzicime ngokukhuselekileyo iifayile?

Ukucima iifayile ngokukhuselekileyo kubalulekile ukuba uyafuna qinisekisa ubumfihlo bakho kwaye uthintele idatha yakho ekupheliseni ezandleni ezingalungangaEli nyathelo libalulekile phambi kokuthengisa, ukunikela, okanye ukulungisa ikhompyutha, okanye ukulahla i-hard drive okanye i-USB flash drive. Amaxwebhu emali, iifoto zomntu, iiphasiwedi, okanye idatha yabathengi kwimeko yamashishini, kufuneka isuswe ukuze ingafumaneki.

Ifomathi idiski enye ayonelanga: Ukufomatha ngokukhawuleza kucima kuphela itafile yefayile, ishiya idatha ingaguquki ide ibhalwe ngaphezulu.Ifomathi epheleleyo yenza ukubhala ngaphezulu ngokucokisekileyo, kodwa ayibobudenge kubuchule bokubuyisela obukumgangatho ophezulu.

Iindlela zokususa: Ukusuka kwiSiseko ukuya kwiNqanaba eliphezulu

Kukho amanqanaba amaninzi kunye neendlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba ifayile ofuna ukuyicima ungaze uphinde ukubone ukukhanya. Masihambe ukusuka kweyona ilula ukuya kweyona isebenzayo nephambili:

1. Ukucinywa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokuchithwa kweNkunkuma

Indlela esisiseko kukuhambisa iifayile kwiRecycle Bin kwaye uyikhuphe. Ungade utsibe eli nyathelo ngokusebenzisa iShift + Cima ukuzicima ngokuthe ngqo. Oku kususa kuphela ukufikelela kwifayile, kodwa hayi idatha ngokwayo.. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uzibuyisele ngokulula ngeenkqubo zasimahla ezifana neRecuva.

2. Cima iifayile ngaphandle komkhondo usebenzisa i-Explorer kunye neendlela ezimfutshane

Ukongeza kwimenyu yomxholo (cofa ekunene kwaye Cima), unokuthatha ithuba le "Ikhaya" ithebhu kwiFayile Explorer ribhoni kwiWindows ukukhetha. Susa isigxina. Zikhona kwakhona iindlela ezimfutshane zokucofa njengaye Shift + Del ukutsiba iNkunkuma.

Khumbula ukuba ezi ndlela akuqinisekisi ukususwa ngokusisigxina, kuba ifayile ihleli kwidiski ide ibhalwe ngaphezulu.

3. Ukusebenzisa i-PowerShell, i-Command Prompt, kunye neMithetho eYodwa

Ukuba ungumsebenzisi ophezulu ngakumbi, ungasebenzisa umgca we imiyalelo:

• Ukuyalela ngokukhawuleza (cmd): Sebenzisa lo myalelo ukusuka kwi/F ukunyanzela ucimo, nokuba ifayile ikhuselwe.
• PowerShell: Umyalelo Susa-Into -umendo C:\ cima iifayile okanye iifolda. Ukuba uyongeza -ukuziphindezela Unokuzicima zonke iifolda. Ukusebenzisa i-cipher /w:X: (apho X: ngunobumba wokuqhuba) ungabhala ngaphezulu isithuba esikhululekileyo sokuqhuba ukucima idata eshiyekileyo kwiifayile ezicinyiweyo.

Le miyalelo iluncedo ekucimeni iifayile ezithile kunye nokucoca indawo, kodwa abasoloko bebhala ngaphezulu idatha konele.

Isoftware ekhethekileyo yokucima iifayile ngokungenakubuyiseka

 

Eyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba ifayile ayiyi kuphinda ifumaneke kukusebenzisa isoftware ekhethekileyo ebhala ngaphezulu indawo apho ifayile ibikho amaxesha amaninziEzi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo:

• Irabha: Isimahla, ibanzi kakhulu, kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ikuvumela ukuba ucime iifayile zomntu okanye ucoce indawo yasimahla, ukudibanisa kwimenyu yomxholo we-Explorer. Ngokungagqibekanga, isebenzisa indlela ye-Gutmann (i-35 idlula), nangona ungakhetha ezimbalwa ngesantya esikhulu.
• Ishredder yeFayile: Enye inkqubo yasimahla, ebonelela ngokukhuselekileyo ngokucinywa kweefayile okanye iifolda ngokupheleleyo kwaye ikhulule indawo.
• Freeraser: Ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwangoko, ikuvumela ukuba urhuqe iifayile kwi icon yayo edadayo ukuze uzitshabalalise ngokukhuselekileyo.
• Coca uKhuseleko lweDiski, Nqanda ukuBuyisela okanye i-Active@ KillDisk: Izinketho eziphezulu, ezibandakanya ukucinywa okuninzi, ukuhlawulwa, kunye neendlela zamahhala, zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kumashishini omabini kunye nabasebenzisi basekhaya.
• Umcoci: Nangona isaziwa kakhulu ngokucoca iifayile ezingafunekiyo, ikwabandakanya imodyuli ekhuselekileyo yokucima idisk enokhetho lokubhala ngaphezulu ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwi-35 yokupasa.

Iindlela ezixhaphakileyo zokubhala ngaphezulu

Iinkqubo ezikhankanyiweyo zisebenzisa algorithms ezahlukeneyo:

• Indlela kaGutmann: I-35 idlula kwindawo eza kususwa, ithathwa njengenye yezona zikhuselekileyo, nangona icotha kwiifayile ezinkulu.
• I-DoD 5220.22-M: I-algorithm yeSebe lezoKhuselo lase-US, kunye nokupasa okuphindaphindiweyo kwiintlanganisela ezahlukeneyo.
• Malunga nokubhala okucacileyo: Ukukhawuleza, kodwa ukhuseleko oluncinci; iqulathe ukubhala ooziro okanye idatha random kanye kuphela.

Ukhetho luxhomekeke kubuzaza bedatha yakho kunye nexesha onokuthi unikezele.Kwiifayile ezinovakalelo, soloko ukhetha ukudlula okuninzi. Kwiifayile ezingabalulekanga, i-3 ukuya kwi-7 iya kukwanela.

Izixhobo zokucima iFayile ze-HDD kunye ne-SSD: Ngaba zisebenza ngokufanayo?

Las I-HDD kunye ne-SSD drives zicima kwaye zilawule idatha ngokwahlukileyo, kwaye kubalulekile ukwazi ama-nuances ayo ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo:

• HDD (iidiski zoomatshini): Idatha inokubhalwa ngaphezulu ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ii-algorithms zokupasa ezininzi ziyasebenza.
• SSD: Akunakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba idatha iya kubhalwa ngaphezulu kwiiseli zomzimba ezifanayo kanye, ngenxa yokusebenza kwangaphakathi kwezi diski (umgangatho wokunxiba kunye nemiyalelo ye-TRIM). Iindlela zeClassical zisenokungasebenzi nge-100%.Ukuqinisekisa, khangela ukuba zicinywa njani iifayile ukuze zingafumaneki nakweyiphi na idrayivu kwizixhobo ezikhethekileyo zomenzi okanye apha (https://mundobytes.com/how-to-delete-log-files-on-mac/).

Kwi-SSD kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise i izinto ezisemthethweni ezivela kumenzi ngamnye (Samsung Magician, Corsair SSD Toolbox, SanDisk SSD Toolbox, OCZ Toolbox, etc.) eziquka "secure erase" iinketho. Enye indlela yi-Parted Magic, isoftware ehlawulwayo ekuvumela ukuba usebenzise umyalelo othi "Khusela ukuCima" kwii-SSD zalo naluphi na uhlobo.

Ukucima eMzimbeni: Inyathelo lokugqibela

Xa ufuna ukuqiniseka ngokupheleleyo ukuba akukho mkhondo wolwazi usaseleyoNokuba kwi-HDD okanye kwi-SSD, ekuphela kwento eyenye kukutshabalalisa isixhobo ngokwasemzimbeni. Le ndlela iyacetyiswa kuphela ukuba awuyi kuphinda usebenzise i-drive.

• Kwiihard drives (HDD): Unokuzikhupha kwi-demagnetizer yobuchwephesha, nangona ibiza kwaye ayifanelekanga kubo bonke abasebenzisi. Inketho yasekhaya kukubhoboza imingxuma kwiipleyiti (imingxuma emininzi) okanye usebenzise iinkonzo zokuqhekeza ezaphula idiski ibe ngamasuntswana amancinane. Nokuba iindlela ezigqithisileyo ezifana nokutshisa i-disc okanye ukusebenzisa i-asidi zinokwenzeka.
• Kwi-SSD: Yintoni ekufuneka itshatyalaliswe ziitshiphu zememori, ngokuzaphula ngokwasemzimbeni.

Khumbula ukuba ezi ndlela azinakuguqulwa kwaye zenza ukuba isixhobo siphinde sisetyenziswe kwakhona.

Inyathelo ngenyathelo: Uzicima njani iiFayile ngokungenakufumaneka

Ukuba ufuna ukucima ifayile enye okanye ngaphezulu ngaphandle kokucima inkqubo yakho yonke, unokulandela la manyathelo:

1. Khetha isoftware eyiyo: Khuphela kwaye ufake inkqubo yokucima ekhuselekileyo njengeEraser, iFayile Shredder, okanye nantoni na oyithandayo.
2. Yifake kwaye uyiqwalasele: Landela imiyalelo, khetha indlela yokucima (i-Gutmann yokhuseleko olongezelelweyo), kwaye uchaze ukuba ufuna ukucima iifayile ezizimeleyo, ifolda, okanye yonke indawo ekhululekile.
3. Khetha ifayile oza kuyicima: Cofa ekunene kuyo kwaye ukhethe ukhetho olukhuselekileyo lokususa, okanye uyitsale ngaphezulu kwe icon yenkqubo.
4. Qinisekisa kwaye uphumeze: Isofthiwe iya kuqhubeka nokubhala ngaphezulu kwendawo ehambelanayo, ibonisa isaziso ekupheleni.
5. Jonga iziphumo: Ukuba ufuna ukuqiniseka, sebenzisa inkqubo yokubuyisela kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ifayile yakho ayinakuphinda ibuyiselwe.

Cima iifayile kwi-USB drives kunye nezixhobo zangaphandle

Ubuchule kunye neenkqubo zichazwe kwakhona Basebenzela iinkumbulo zangaphandle njenge-USB okanye amakhadi e-SD. Kwii-HDD zangaphandle, ungasebenzisa iinkqubo ezifanayo njengezokuqhuba kwangaphakathi. Kwii-SSD okanye ii-flash drives, khumbula ukuba imiyalelo yomenzi ethi "Secure Erase" idla ngokuxhaswa.

Iingcebiso zokugcina ubumfihlo bakho

Ngaphandle kokucima iifayile ngokukhuselekileyo, sicebisa:

• Fihla iidiski: Ngoko ke nokuba umntu uyifumana kwakhona idatha, akazukwazi ukuyifunda ngaphandle kwegama lokugqitha.
• Yenza ukucoca ngamaxesha athile: Sebenzisa iinkqubo ezifana neCCleaner, AVG TuneUp okanye iAvast Cleanup ukususa iifayile zethutyana kunye nenkunkuma yedijithali enokuthi iqulethe idatha eshiyekileyo.
• Hlaziya isoftwe: Gcina iinkqubo zakho zokhuseleko zisexesheni ukunqanda ubuthathaka.

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nendlela yokwenza le misebenzi kwiinkqubo ze-macOS okanye Linux, kukho nezinye iindlela ezifanayo ezifana ne "BleachBit" okanye "Shred" (umgca womyalelo) ukugubungela naliphi na iqonga.

Nokuba ungumsebenzisi wekhaya okanye usebenza kwinkampani, Ukucima ngokukhuselekileyo idatha ebuthathaka ngumsebenzi osisiseko ukukhusela ulwazi lwakho.Ukwazi umahluko phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeyunithi kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo kumntu ngamnye ngundoqo ukuphepha ukumangalisa okungathandekiyo.

Musa ukushiya ukhuseleko lwedatha yakho ithuba okanye Recycle Bin.Ihlabathi ledijithali alixoleli, kwaye ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo, unokuqinisekisa ukuba iifayile zakho azifumaneki ngokwenene xa uzifuna.