Lungisa i-buffer kunye nobukhulu belayini kwi-PowerShell kunye ne-CMD

Xa usebenza nge-console kwiWindows, uhlengahlengiso lwefayile Ubungakanani besithinteli sekhusi kunye nenani lemigca efestileni ingenza umehluko phakathi kweseshoni egudileyo kunye namava anganyamezelekiyo. Ngaphaya koko, kwiindawo ezikude zolawulo (ezifana nofikelelo lwe-serial nge-SAC kwi oomatshini ababonayo), ukwazi indlela yokulima okanye ukusondeza i-console kwaye wenze i-paginate imveliso ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ukuphepha ukuphulukana nolwazi.

Kwesi sikhokelo ndiyakuxelela, ngendlela ethe ngqo kwaye igcwele imiyalelo, indlela yokuseta yonke into ukusuka CMD y PowerShell: kuba ulawulo loyilo olusisiseko kunye nemibala, ngeMODE kunye nemiyalelo yoMbala, ukuzingisa ngeRegistry, uphuculo lweconsole kwi Windows 10 kwaye usebenzise kwiimeko ezibalisayo ezinje I-Azure VM ene-SACUya kubona kwakhona ukuba yeyiphi iWindows Console API yokulinganisa ii-buffers/windows malunga nokuba idibana njani kunye neWindows. Indawo yokukhwelela.

Yintoni isithinteli sesikrini kwaye sidibana njani nefestile

Isithinteli sekhusi yigridi yeeseli ezinophawu (ububanzi x ubude) kwaye ikhonsoli nganye inefestile edityanisiweyo ebonisa isahlulo esixande saloo buffer. ifestile ayinakugqitha imilinganiselo yesithinteli okanye ukuba isikrini sikuvumela ntoni na ngokusekwe kubungakanani bomgca. Ngoko ke, ukuba iwindow inkulu kune-buffer, imisebenzi ethile iya kusilela.

Imisebenzi yeWindows API ikunceda ukuba uqonde kwaye uhlengahlengise le mida: GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo ibuyisela ubungakanani besikhuseli, indawo yefestile kunye nobukhulu obunokwenzeka ubungakanani obunikiweyo buffer/umthombo/ikhusi, ngelixa GetLargestConsoleWindowSize ibala ubuninzi befestile ngokungahoyi ubungakanani besithinteli. Ukusondeza okanye ukusondeza ngaphandle, sebenzisa SetConsoleScreenBufferSize (utshintsha ubungakanani bebuffer) kunye SetConsoleWindowInfo (uyenza ngokutsha okanye ibeka ngokutsha ifestile) ngokuhlonipha izithintelo ezikhankanyiweyo.

Lungisa ubungakanani besikhuseli kunye nenani lemigca kwiCMD

Ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kwi-console ngokwayo, umyalelo IMODE CON Yeyona yakudala: define columns (COLS) kunye nemigca (IMICA). Umzekelo oqhelekileyo uya kuba kukuseta ikhonsoli edibeneyo enemiqolo engama-70 kunye nemigca esi-9: MODE CON cols=70 lines=9. Le ndlela ichaphazela i ifestile kunye nobungakanani bebuffer kumdlalo omnye.

Ukuba ukhetha indlela eqhubekayo kunye negranular, sebenzisa i Iipropati zeConsole (ekunene cofa kwisihloko > Iipropati). Kwi Khetha thebhu, vula Hlela ngokukhawuleza e Ukufakwa ukuncamathelisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukhethe okubhaliweyo, kwaye usete Imbali yomyalelo: Ubungakanani beBuffer ukuya kwi-999 kunye nenani leZithinteli ukuya ku-5 (ugcino lomgca ngakumbi ngelixa uskrola). Kwi Ubeko thebhu, nyusa i Buffer ukuphakama (umzekelo, 2500), kwaye ulungelelanise ubungakanani kunye nendawo yefestile; Ukuba awukhangeli Vumela indlela yenkqubo ibeke iwindow, ungacwangcisa izinxulumanisi ezithile.

Ukwenza ukufunda kunye nobuhle, khetha ifonti kunye nobukhulu kwithebhu Fuente, kwaye ichaza imibala kwi Imibala thebhu. Ukusuka kumgca womyalelo ungatshintsha imibala nge COLOR kunye nophawu lwe-hex enamanani amabini (imvelaphi kunye nokubhaliweyo). Umzekelo: COLOR 0E sebenzisa imvelaphi emnyama kunye nombhalo omthubi; iluncedo ukwenzela ukubeka iliso iiconsoles kwindawo ezimnyama.

Ukuba ufuna iisetingi ezithile ziqhubeke kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokungagqibekanga, iWindows igcina kwiRejistri. Awona maqhosha afanelekileyo: HKCU\Console\ (okungagqibekanga) kunye HKCU\Console\%SystemRoot%_system32_cmd.exe (ngokukodwa kwi-cmd.exe). Ungathumela ngaphandle/ukungenisa amaxabiso anje Hlela ngokukhawuleza, ScreenBufferSize, WindowSize, NumberOfHistoryBuffers, WindowPosition o HistoryBufferSize nge .REG ukuphinda useto lwakho ngaphandle koqwalaselo ngokutsha lwesandla.

Ukongeza, ukuqaliswa kweCMD kuxhasa i I-Autorun ukubonisa imiyalezo okanye ukuqhuba iintshukumo ngalo lonke ixesha ivuliwe. Kwi HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor yenza (okanye uhlele) ixabiso lomtya Autorun kwaye uyabele umzekelo: ECHO "Bienvenido a la consola"Ifanelekile kwiindawo zenkxaso apho umbuliso okanye umyalezo wokuqala ufuneka.

Iqhinga eliluncedo kukupakisha useto kwi a batch. Dibanisa ubungakanani kunye nombala ngento efana nale: @ECHO OFF & mode con cols=46 lines=9 & COLOR 1F & ECHO Variables...Oku kukunika iifestile ezinemilinganiselo echazwe kwangaphambili kunye nemibala, egqibeleleyo kwizikripthi ezingadingi isikrini siphela.

I-PowerShell kunye nobungakanani: Yintoni onokuyenza kwaye awukwazi ukuyenza

I-PowerShell isebenzisa okufanayo injini yeconsole (conhost.exe) kune CMD, ngoko ifumana uninzi lokuziphatha okufanayo: ubungakanani obubonakalayo buxhomekeke kwisithinteli, ifestile, kunye nobungakanani bomgca. Ukuba uhlengahlengisa ezi parameters usebenzisa iiPropati, uya kubona isiphumo esifanayo kwi-PowerShell.

Kwiimeko ze-serial console nge-SAC (I-Special Administration Console), uthintelo lukhulu: okusingqongileyo kunyanzelisa isithinteli esincitshisiweyo se80×24 kwaye ngaphandle kokuskrola ngasemva, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze i-paginate | more kwimiyalelo emide. Ukuqhubela phambili, sebenzisa i-spacebar (iphepha) okanye Ngena (umgca). Cola iindlela ezimfutshane zikwatshintsha: kwi-serial console, coma ihamba nayo SHIFT+INSERT.

Ukuba uqhele ukucela indlela emfutshane yebhodi yezitshixo tshintsha ubungakanani befonti Kubhabho, indlela ngokubanzi iseyi Iimpahla > Umthombo. Kwiiconsoles zangoku, unokwenza ubungakanani befestile ngokutsala iikona, kwaye imveliso ihlengahlengiswa ngokukhetha Isiphumo sombhalo sihlengahlengiswe kubungakanani bobungakanani kwakhona, kodwa asikho isinqumli se-keyboard jikelele esibhalwe kwizinto esiziphetheyo apha.

Ukusebenzisa imibala, ukuphakama kwe-buffer, okanye imigca evela kwi-PowerShell isebenza kanye nakwi-CMD, kuba ziyimpahla ye-console. Ukwenza i-consoles ngokuzenzekelayo ngeeparameters ezibonakalayo eziphindaphindiweyo, yenza iiprofayili okanye izikripthi ezisebenzayo MAX y I COLOR ekuqaleni kweseshoni, okanye qwalasela iiMpahla zefestile ezicinezelwe kwiindlela ezimfutshane ezithile.

Ukusebenzisa i-SAC kwi-Windows kunye ne-Azure: Imida yobungakanani kunye namaqhinga okuPaging

Kwi-Windows VMs (kubandakanya i-Azure), i-SAC ikhona ukusukela kwiWindows Server 2003 kodwa ivaliwe. Ithembele kwi sacdrv.sys, inkonzo sacsvr kunye nenkqubo sacsess.exe. Xa uvula iwindow yomyalelo kwi-SAC, sacsess.exe umkhonto cmd.exe ngaphakathi kwe-OS esebenzayo, kwaye ukusuka apho ungasungula i-PowerShell, ulawule iinkonzo, okanye ucofe kwinethiwekhi kunye ne-firewall.

Ngenxa yoko isithinteli esilinganiselweyo 80x24 ngaphandle kokuskrola, khumbula ukongeza | more nakuwuphi na umyalelo wesenzi. Ukuncamathisela kwi-serial console: SHIFT+INSERTKwimibhalo emide, kudla ngokuba ngcono ukubhala imiyalelo kumhleli wendawo kwaye uyincamathisele kwi-SAC ukunqanda imiba emifutshane ye-buffer.

Imiyalelo yolawulo eluncedo kwi-CMD ngaphakathi kwe-SAC: yenza i-RDP nge reg add en HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server nakwindlela yomgaqo-nkqubo ukuba ikhona; lawula iRemote Desktop inkonzo nge sc (sc query termservice, sc config, sc start/stop); kwaye ubambe umnatha nge netsh (bonisa ujongano, nyanzela iDHCP nge netsh interface ip set address ... source=dhcp).

Ukuxilongwa koqhagamshelwano, ping y Telnet (emva kokwenza umxhasi nge-DISM) zilungile kuvavanyo olukhawulezayo; kwiPowerShell yangoku ingcono Test-NetConnection (iizibuko zibandakanyiwe). I Isisombululo seDNS Iqinisekisiwe nge nslookup o Resolve-DnsNameUkuba uyakrokrela i-Firewall, ungadwelisa imithetho ethile okanye ukhubaze okwethutyana iiprofayili nge netsh advfirewall set allprofiles state off kwaye uphinde usebenze nge ... on (ungayeki i-MPSSVC okanye i-BFE okanye uya kuphulukana nonxibelelwano ngokupheleleyo).

Kwiiakhawunti zasekhaya, kwi-CMD: net user /add, net localgroup Administrators <usuario> /add, net user <usuario> /active:yes. Kwi-PowerShell: New-LocalUser, Add-LocalGroupMember y Enable-LocalUser (kwiinguqulelo zangaphambili zisebenzisa iWMI). Kuluncedo ukwazi i-SID yeakhawunti yomlawuli eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi (S-1-5-21-*-500).

Ilog yoMnyhadala: KwiCMD, wevtutil qe ikuvumela ukuba ucofe ngokwenqanaba, umboneleli kunye nexesha le-XPath (imizekelo nge EventID=11 okanye uphicotho 4624); kwiPowerShell, Get-WinEvent nge -FilterXPath y -MaxEvents Kuyafana kuwe ngokufomatha ngcono. Ukudwelisa isoftware, wmic product Iyasebenza (lumkele impembelelo); kwiPowerShell unokujonga kwakhona iWMI kwaye uyikhuphe nge .Uninstall().

Ingqibelelo yenkqubo: sfc /scannow y dism /online /cleanup-image /scanhealth ukubona umonakalo; iimvume NTFS nge icacls ukuthumela ngaphandle / ukugcina / ukubuyisela ACLs, kwaye uthathe ubunini nge takeown ukuba kuyafuneka. Ukucoca izixhobo zePNP ezingekhoyo nge RUNDLL32.exe ... pnpclean.dll,RunDLL_PnpClean /Devices /Maxclean. Nyanzelela uhlaziyo lomgaqo-nkqubo nge gpupdate /force. Qala kwakhona nge shutdown /r /t 0 (o Restart-Computer nge -Force).

Phinda ubungakanani ngeepixels vs. ngokwemiqolo/imiqolo

Ukungaqondi okuqhelekileyo kukufuna ukulungisa ifestile kuyo Iiphikseli ezingama-600 × 125 ngqo kwi-PowerShell. I-console yakudala iyilwe yimiqolo / imigca kwaye ukulingana neepixels kuxhomekeke kwi ifonti kunye nobukhulu bayo. Ngoko ke indlela ethembekileyo yile: 1) khetha ifonti/ubungakanani (IiPropati > Ifonti), 2) lungisa ibuffer/window nge MODE CON okanye ukusuka kwi Ubeko thebhu, kwaye 3) lungisa indawo/ifestile ukuba kuyimfuneko ngeePropati.

Ukuba ufuna ukuchaneka kwenkqubo, i-API yasekhaya inikezela SetConsoleScreenBufferSize y SetConsoleWindowInfo. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba iwindow ayinako ukugqitha isithinteli kwaye obona bukhulu bobukhulu buxhomekeke kwisikrini kunye nemvelaphi; GetLargestConsoleWindowSize ikunika isibophelelo esiphezulu ngaphandle kokuqwalasela isithinteli.

In Windows 10, ungatsala ikona ukwenza ubungakanani befestile, kunye nokukhetha ukuya Isiphumo sombhalo sihlengahlengiswe kubungakanani bobungakanani kwakhona Xa yenziwe yasebenza, okubhaliweyo kusongelwe ukunqanda ukuskrola okuthe tye kwiifestile ezincinci. Oku kuziphatha kungumsindisi wobomi xa uphinda uhlengahlengisa iiconsoles kwi-NOC monitors okanye izikrini eludongeni.

Ukuphuculwa kweConsole kwi Windows 10 enceda ngobungakanani

I-console izuza iindlela ezimfutshane Ctrl (kopa/uncamathisele njengaku apps mihla), ukhetho lokubhaliweyo kwebhodi yezitshixo kunye nenkxaso ye Ukusonga ukhetho phakathi kwemigca njengoko ubuya kwenza kumhleli. Ukongeza, kukho ukuhluzwa komxholo ibhodi yokunamathisela ukuguqula iikowuti ezigobileyo okanye abanye abalinganiswa abangaxhaswanga, ukunqanda iinkathazo xa uncamathisela.

Enye into entsha: unako guqula ubungakanani ngokutsala ifestile; xa usenza oku, inkqubo ihlaziya ngokuzenzekelayo isithinteli kunye nemilinganiselo yefestile. Kwabo bahlela kakhulu, vula Imveliso yombhalo ihlengahlengiswe xa uhlengahlengiso Ingundoqo, njengoko iphinda isonga imigca emide xa inciphisa ubungakanani.

Ngobuhle okanye ukudibana nezinye ii-apps, ithebhu Imibala idibanisa ulawulo lwe Amathuba phakathi kwe-30% kunye ne-100%. Kwi-30% ifestile iba ngokuguquguqukayo; iluncedo kwi esweni logs ngaphandle kokugubungela ngokupheleleyo izixhobo zenkxaso.

Ukuba ubona ibhokisi ye Ukusebenzisa ikhonsoli yelifa yenziwe, ungayikhangeli ukwenza le miba yangoku. Uninzi lube ngwevu ngelixa imo yelifa ivuliwe, ngoko Yicime kwaye uvule i-console.

Itheminali yeWindows: Gcina useto kunye neeprofayile

Itheminali yeWindows ibeka embindini iiprofayili zeCMD/PowerShell/WSL kwaye useto lwazo luhlala kwi useto.json en %LocalAppData%\Packages\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe\LocalState. Ngaphambi kokuchukumisa uhlengahlengiso oluhle, yenza backup ukukopa ifayile kwindlela ekhuselekileyo (umzekelo, D:\Backup) kunye: copy /y /v %LocalAppData%\Packages\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe\LocalState\settings.json D:\Backup.

Le JSON inokuhlelwa ngeNotepad; apho ungaqhobosha ubukhulu befonti, imixholo, opacity, imibala, kunye nokuziphatha skrola kwiprofayile nganye, ikunika indlela ehambelanayo yokuvula iiconsoles ngenkangeleko kunye nobukhulu obufunayo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kunqakrazo lwezandla lonke ixesha.

Umsebenzi womnatha kunye neFirewall: Imiyalelo engundoqo Uya kuba nombulelo kwiiConsoles ezincinci

Ngee-consoles ezincinci, kungcono ukusebenzisa imiyalelo emfutshane: Uvavanyo-uQhagamshelwano lweNet (PowerShell) qalisa kwakhona uvavanyo lwe-ping kunye nezibuko nge -Port; kwi CMD, faka TelnetClient nge-DISM kunye novavanyo lwamazibuko nge telnet host 80. YeDNS: Resolve-DnsName (PS) okanye nslookup (CMD). Isebenza kakhulu kwiifestile ezinemigca embalwa kwaye idibene nayo | more kwiSAC.

I-Firewall: uluhlu lwemithetho ngezibuko nge Get-NetFirewallPortFilter kwiPowerShell (okanye into yeCOM hnetcfg.fwpolicy2 kwiinkqubo ezindala) kwaye ilawula iinkangeleko nge Set-NetFirewallProfile. Kwi-CMD, netsh advfirewall isasebenza. Kuphephe ukuyeka I-MPSSVC okanye i-BFE, okanye uya kuyihlisa yonke inethiwekhi.

Iinkonzo, ukuLoga, kunye neNkqubo: Izinto ezibalulekileyo kwiiSeshini ezikude

Ngeenkonzo zeDesktop ezikude, iPowerShell eneWMI (Get-WmiObject Win32_Service) ikubonisa i iakhawunti yasekhaya, uhlobo lwe iboot, indlela kunye ne-PID, kunye nombuso. Guqula uhlobo lokuqalisa nge Set-Service kunye nokuxhomekeka ukusuka HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\TermService. Qala/yeka nge Start-Service/Stop-Service.

Kwiimeko zoBhaliso, i-PowerShell iphatha izitshixo nge Get-ItemProperty y Set-ItemProperty ukujonga okanye ukunika amandla iRDP. Ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo weqela unyanzelisa amaxabiso kwi HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\Terminal Services, khumbula ukuba utshintsho lwakho lunokucinywa luhlaziyo lwepolisi elandelayo.

Uxilongo lweNkqubo: systeminfo y wmic os Bakunika inguqulelo, ukwakha, umhla wofakelo, indawo yexesha kunye nesiqalo sokugqibela. Kuba Indlela ekhuselekileyo, bcdedit /enum kwaye ucofe nge safeboot. Ukuqala kwakhona kwangoko nge shutdown /r /t 0 o Restart-Computer ukuba sele ukuPowerShell.

Ukupheyitha, ukukopa, ukuhambisa, kunye nokukhangela umxholo: Imveliso yePowerShell

Iikhonsoli ezincinci zikunyanzela ukuba uchwetheze ngokukhawuleza. Fumana-Umxholo ngeparameters ezifana -TotalCount o -Tail ikunceda ubone isiqalo okanye isiphelo seefayile ezinde. Ukudibanisa ngaphandle kwe-loping, sebenzisa gc *.txt -Exclude granben.txt > granben.txt, ukuphepha ukuquka ifayile yemveliso kwigalelo ngokwalo.

Umjelo (|) kwandisa imveliso: gc archivo.txt | measure -Line -Word -Character ubala imigca, amagama nabalinganiswa. Khetha-Umtya (sls) ikhangela iipatheni kwiifayile ezininzi ngamakhadi asendle kwaye ikunika umxholo ngaphandle kokuwavula ngokwahlukeneyo.

Imetadata yemeko eAzure ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano

Kwi-Azure VM, khangela i Inkonzo yeMetadata yoMzekelo Ukusuka kwindwendwe, uvavanyo lokunxibelelana kwiinkonzo ze-Azure. Kwi-PowerShell: $im = Invoke-RestMethod -Headers @{'metadata'='true'} -Uri http://169.254.169.254/metadata/instance?api-version=2017-08-01 -Method GET kwaye emva koko $im | ConvertTo-Json ukubona osType, vmSize, vmId, igama, resourceGroupName okanye IPs yabucala/kawonke-wonke. Ukuba oku kuphendula, undwendwe lufika kwi-host Azure.

Khumbula ukuba ii-Azure NICs kufuneka zisebenzise DHCP ngaphakathi kwe-OS yeendwendwe, kunye ne-IP engatshintshiyo eyabelwe eAzure. Seta iadaptha nge Set-NetIPInterface -DHCP Enabled okanye ngeWMI kwiinguqulelo ezindala.

Ukujonga iadaptha: Get-NetAdapter (okanye i-WMI) ibonisa isimo, inkcazo kunye IMAC. Yenza nge Enable-NetAdapter okanye into ebizwa ngokuba yiWMI .Enable()Le mibuzo ihlangene kwaye inobuhlobo kwiiconsoles zomgca omfutshane.

Okokugqibela, khumbula ukuba kwiiseshoni ze-SAC ezine-buffer encinci, ukususa UkuQinana nge Remove-Module PSReadLine Phepha amagama angafunekiyo xa uncamathisela iibhloko zombhalo; jonga kuqala nge Get-Module PSReadLine.

Ngayo yonke le nto ingentla unokwenza ubungakanani bekhonsoli yakho ngokufanelekileyo (nge-buffer kunye nefestile), gcina isiphumo sifundeka, kwaye uqhube ulawulo kunye noxilongo kwindawo kunye nokude nge-SAC, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa data.

Ukubamba i-buffer, ifestile, kunye nobungakanani bomjelo ophumayo ayiyonto nje elula: ikuvumela ukuba usebenze ngokukhawuleza, ubeke iifestile kwiimonitha ezinkulu, kwaye ugcine iiseshoni zenkxaso phantsi kolawulo nokuba imekobume ibeka imida engama-80x24. IMODE CON, Iipropati, iRegistry, i-Console API, Windows 10 uphuculo kunye noqeqesho lwe-paging nge | more, unayo yonke into ukuze i-CMD kunye ne-PowerShell ziqhelane nawe kwaye hayi ngenye indlela.